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5. Does the production of NF-κβ, IRF3, and IFN-β after LOS/LPS exposures in naive-HIV dendritic cells depend on TLR4-MD2 receptor pathway? In vitro and in silico study.

Author

Budiarti, Niniek, Kalim, Handono, Waafi, Affa Kiysa, Wulandari, Dewi Sri, Wahono, Cesarius Singgih, Manugan, Reizal Audi, Pradipto, Wiryawan, Jayanto, Galih Dwi, Santosaningsih, Dewi, Fitriana, Nur, Winaris, Nuning, Pawestri, Aulia Rahmi, and Fitri, Loeki Enggar

Subjects
INTERFERON regulatory factors, CELL receptors, DENDRITIC cells, ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, NEISSERIA gonorrhoeae, TENOFOVIR, INTERFERONS
Abstract

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipooligosaccharide (LOS) are inflammatory response inducers triggering downstream inflammatory signals by binding to the TLR4-MD2 complex. LPS/LOS exposure through TLR4 receptor on dendritic cells (DC) causes an increase in interferon (IFN)-β expression via an increase in interferon regulatory factor (IRF)3 expression and a decrease in nuclear factor (NF)-κβ, which result in HIV replication inhibition. This study aimed to compare the binding affinity between Escherichia coli LPS and Neisseria gonorrhoeae LOS toward TLR4-MD2 in silico and the production of NF-κβ, IRF3, and IFN-β from naive-HIV monocyte-derived dendric cells (MDDCs) after LPS and LOS exposure in vitro, to find a deeper understanding of host immune response, disease pathogenesis, and trends of drug development in the future. Molecular docking and dynamics were analyzed using AutoDock Vina and YASARA, respectively. The naive-HIV DC culture was exposed to LPS at 50, 100, and 200 ng/mL, or LOS at concentrations of 2.5, 5, and 10% for 24-h. Levels of NF-κβ, IRF3, and IFN- β were measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The results showed that LOS demonstrated higher binding affinity to TLR4-MD2 complex than LPS, although the docking between LOS and TLR4-MD2 complex involved fewer amino acids. Inversely, LPS exposure significantly increased IRF3 and IFN-β production (P < 0.01). Production of IFN-β was significantly increased with higher doses of LOS (P < 0.01). Different doses of LPS induced significant differences in NF-κβ and IFN-β levels (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Despite LOS showing higher binding affinity to TLR4- MD2 complex, LPS exposure induced higher production of IRF3 and IFN-β from MDDCs. These findings provided information for deeper apprehension of immune responses and disease pathogenesis during HIV co-infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024

7. Bifidobacterium longum Administration Diminishes Parasitemia and Inflammation During Plasmodium berghei Infection in Mice

Author

Fitri, Loeki Enggar, primary, Sardjono, Teguh Wahju, additional, Winaris, Nuning, additional, Pawestri, Aulia Rahmi, additional, Endharti, Agustina Tri, additional, Norahmawati, Eviana, additional, Handayani, Dian, additional, Kurniawan, Shahdevi Nandar, additional, Azizah, Syafiatul, additional, Alifia, Lustyafa Inassani, additional, Asiyah, Rokhmatul, additional, and Ayuningtyas, Tita Rachma, additional

Published
2023
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8. Bifidobacterium longum Administration Diminishes Parasitemia and Inflammation During Plasmodium berghei Infection in Mice

Author

Fitri,Loeki Enggar, Sardjono,Teguh Wahju, Winaris,Nuning, Pawestri,Aulia Rahmi, Endharti,Agustina Tri, Norahmawati,Eviana, Handayani,Dian, Kurniawan,Shahdevi Nandar, Azizah,Syafiatul, Alifia,Lustyafa Inassani, Asiyah,Rokhmatul, Ayuningtyas,Tita Rachma, Fitri,Loeki Enggar, Sardjono,Teguh Wahju, Winaris,Nuning, Pawestri,Aulia Rahmi, Endharti,Agustina Tri, Norahmawati,Eviana, Handayani,Dian, Kurniawan,Shahdevi Nandar, Azizah,Syafiatul, Alifia,Lustyafa Inassani, Asiyah,Rokhmatul, and Ayuningtyas,Tita Rachma

Abstract

Loeki Enggar Fitri,1,2 Teguh Wahju Sardjono,1,2 Nuning Winaris,1,2 Aulia Rahmi Pawestri,1,2 Agustina Tri Endharti,1 Eviana Norahmawati,3 Dian Handayani,4 Shahdevi Nandar Kurniawan,5 Syafiatul Azizah,6 Lustyafa Inassani Alifia,6,7 Rokhmatul Asiyah,6,8 Tita Rachma Ayuningtyas6 1Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 2AIDS, Toxoplasma, Opportunistic Disease, and Malaria (ATOM) Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 3Department of Anatomical Pathology, Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 4Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 5Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 6Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 7Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia; 8State University of Malang, Malang, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Teguh Wahju Sardjono, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia, Tel +62 341 569117, Fax +62 341 564755, Email teguhws@ub.ac.idPurpose: During Plasmodium berghei (P. berghei) infection, infected erythrocytes are sequestered in gut tissues through microvascular circulation, leading to dysbiosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) and Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) administration on the parasitemia level, gut microbiota composition, expression of cluster of differentiation 103 (CD103) in intestinal dendritic and T regulatory cells (T reg), plasma interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) levels in P. berghei infected mice.Methods: P. berghei was inoculated intraperitoneally. Infected mice were randomly divided into 5 groups and treated with either L. casei, B. longum, or

Published
2023

9. Antimalarial Drug Resistance: A Brief History of Its Spread in Indonesia

Author

Fitri,Loeki Enggar, Pawestri,Aulia Rahmi, Winaris,Nuning, Endharti,Agustina Tri, Khotimah,Alif Raudhah Husnul, Abidah,Hafshah Yasmina, Huwae,John Thomas Rayhan, Fitri,Loeki Enggar, Pawestri,Aulia Rahmi, Winaris,Nuning, Endharti,Agustina Tri, Khotimah,Alif Raudhah Husnul, Abidah,Hafshah Yasmina, and Huwae,John Thomas Rayhan

Abstract

Loeki Enggar Fitri,1,2 Aulia Rahmi Pawestri,1,2 Nuning Winaris,1,2 Agustina Tri Endharti,1 Alif Raudhah Husnul Khotimah,3,4 Hafshah Yasmina Abidah,3,4 John Thomas Rayhan Huwae3,5 1Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 2AIDS, Toxoplasma, Opportunistic Disease and Malaria Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 3Master Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; 4Medical Doctor Profession Education, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Malang, Indonesia; 5Medical Doctor Profession Study Program Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Alif Raudhah Husnul Khotimah, Master Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, 65145, District Lowokwaru, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, Tel +62 822 573 458 27, Fax +62 341 564755, Email husnulk556@gmail.com; alifraudhah_hk@student.ub.ac.idAbstract: Malaria remains to be a national and global challenge and priority, as stated in the strategic plan of the Indonesian Ministry of Health and Sustainable Development Goals. In Indonesia, it is targeted that malaria elimination can be achieved by 2030. Unfortunately, the development and spread of antimalarial resistance inflicts a significant risk to the national malaria control programs which can lead to increased malaria morbidity and mortality. In Indonesia, resistance to widely used antimalarial drugs has been reported in two human species, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. With the exception of artemisinin, resistance has surfaced towards all classes of antimalarial drugs. Initially, chloroquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, and primaquine were the most widely used antimalarial drugs. Regrettably, improper use has supported the robust spread of their resistance. Chloroquine resistance was first reported in 1974, while sulfadoxi

Published
2023

10. Administration Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium longum improves neurological outcomes in Plasmodium berghei infection.

Author

Pawestri, Aulia Rahmi, Winaris, Nuning, Ayuningtyas, Tita Rachma, Azizah, Syafiatul, Alifia, Lustyafa Inassani, Asiyah, Rokhmatul, Kurniawan, Shahdevi Nandar, Sardjono, Teguh Wahju, and Fitri, Loeki Enggar

Subjects
*BIFIDOBACTERIUM longum, *PLASMODIUM berghei, *CEREBRAL malaria, *PLASMODIUM, *LACTOBACILLUS casei, *GUT microbiome, *DIETARY supplements
Abstract

The high mortality and morbidity rates of malaria remains to be a global problem, particularly in tropical regions. Cerebral malaria, the leading cause of death, possesses a complex pathogenesis involving host immune and parasite interactions. Lately, according to the gut-brain axis concept, the gut microbiota was identified to protect the host against systemic pathogen infection through the modulation of immune signaling pathways. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of probiotic supplementation toward neurological outcomes of cerebral malaria in vivo. Twenty-eight male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups after 2 weeks acclimatization period. All groups except the negative control were given oral probiotic supplementation with either Lactobacillus casei at 109 colony forming unit/100 µL (CFU/100 µL), Bifidobacterium longum at 109 CFU/100 µL, or the combination of each at 5x108 CFU/100 µL for five days before to six days after Plasmodium berghei infection. Neurological manifestations were recorded by using the SmithKline, Harwell, Imperial College, Royal Hospital, Phenotype Assessment (SHIRPA) score. The data was analyzed by using One-way ANOVA and post-hoc LSD. The results showed that there were significant differences of motor behavior (P < 0.01), muscle tone (P < 0.01), reflex and sensory (P < 0.05), and neuropsychiatric state (P < 0.05) between the control group and that receiving combination of L. casei and B. longum. The results suggested that probiotic supplementation showed promising effects in improving the neurological manifestations during cerebral malaria. Further studies are required to explicate the pathways involved in the immunological interplay. In the future, it is propitious that the mortalities by cerebral malaria could be mitigated through the optimal use of probiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

12. Immune regulation by human colonic bacteria and short-chain fatty acids

Author

Wells, J.M., Kranenbarg-Stolte, E., Winaris, Nuning, Wells, J.M., Kranenbarg-Stolte, E., and Winaris, Nuning

Abstract

The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in the homeostasis of the human gastrointestinal tract by maintaining an anti-inflammatory status. Microbial imbalance in the gut, which is often referred to as ‘dysbiosis’, is known to be one of the major contributors to many human diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is characterized by a chronic inflammation, but the current available treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs is often not effective. Therefore, the overarching aim of this thesis was to try to find bacterial strains or bacterial metabolites that have an immunomodulatory (i.e. an anti-inflammatory) function and may therefore be used as a therapy or treatment of IBD. In collaboration with the Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen in Scotland, UK and the Department of Medical Microbiology, at the University Medical Centre Groningen, The Netherlands, a large number of colonic anaerobic bacteria were isolated from healthy patients. In our lab, we cultured more than 100 of these different strains of bacteria under strictly anaerobic conditions. We observed their growth characteristics and investigated their immunomodulatory properties. A high ratio between secreted anti-and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10/IL-12 ratio) has been reported to be an indicator of positive correlation between in vitro trials and the attenuation of clinical symptoms in in vivo mouse models of colitis. Our initial screening therefore started with stimulation of peripheral mononuclear blood lymphocytes (PBMCs) with standardized concentrations of the bacteria or their culture supernatant. We determined the cytokine secretion of these PBMC after bacterial stimulation and determined the IL-10/IL-12 ratio. Additionally we checked if the viability of the PBMC was not affected by the bacterial strains or their metabolites which were secreted in the supernatant. As IBD is characterized by periods of remission and occasional flare-ups (periods of higher inflammation), w

Published
2020

13. Isolasi promotor gen beta actin (b-actin) ikan gurami (Oshpronemus gouramy Lac.) / Nuning Winaris

Author

Winaris, Nuning and Winaris, Nuning

Abstract

ABSTRAK Winaris Nuning. 2009. Isolasi Promotor Gen Beta-actin ( 946 -actin) Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus gouramy Lac.). Skripsi Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Malang. Pembimbing (I) Dra. Dwi Listyorini M.Si D.Sc (II) Dr. Endang Suarsini M.Ked. Kata-kata kunci ikan gurami promotor gen beta-actin ( 946 -actin) Ikan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy Lac.) merupakan salah satu ikan yang memiliki tingkat konsumsi tinggi. Namun pertumbuhan ikan gurami relatif lebih lambat dari pada spesies ikan air tawar lainnya. Untuk mencapai bobot konsumsi (kurang lebih 700 g) dibutuhkan waktu sekitar 3 tahun. Umur ikan gurami sendiri dapat mencapai 10 tahun. Promotor gen 946 -actin telah diisolasi dari beberapa jenis ikan dan dilaporkan sebagai regulator dengan aktivitas tinggi dalam mengatur ekspresi transgen pada ikan transgenik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi promotor gen 946 -actin ikan gurami dengan harapan selanjutnya dapat dimanfaatkan dalam penerapan rekayasa genetika untuk perbaikan dan pengembangan kualitas ikan gurami khususnya di dalam negeri. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif eksploratif untuk mencari sekuen promotor 946 -actin ikan gurami. Sekuen promotor gen 946 -actin ikan gurami diisolasi dengan menggunakan metode amplifikasi PCR dengan primer yang dirancang berdasarkan primer yang digunakan untuk isolasi 946 -actin ikan nila dengan acuan gen 946 -actin dari ikan common carp dan Japanese medaka (Hwang dkk. 2002). Primer forward yang digunakan adalah 5 -CCGCGGGTGWGTGACGCTGGAC CAATC- 3 dan reverse 5 -CCATGTCATCCCAGTTGGTCACAA- 3. Dari hasil sequencing diketahui bahwa dengan sepasang primer ternyata belum mampu mengisolasi seluruh sekuen gen 946 -actin ikan gurami secara utuh selain itu masih banyak bagian dari sekuen forward dan reverse yang mengalami error reading. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sekuen hasil amplifikasi PCR merupakan bagian dari gen 946 -actin ikan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy Lac.). Melalui analisis lebih lanjut diduga terdapat sekuen

Published
2010

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