11 results on '"Wim H. Saris"'
Search Results
2. Physical Activity, Weight Loss, and Weight Maintenance in the DiOGenes Multicenter Trial
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Marleen A. van Baak, Gabby Hul, Arne Astrup, and Wim H. Saris
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obesity ,exercise ,weight regain ,diet ,metabolic health ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
In this secondary analysis of the DiOGenes study, we investigated whether physical activity (PA) contributes to diet-induced weight loss and helps to reduce subsequent regain. We also studied the associations of PA with changes in cardiometabolic variables. Adults with overweight were included and followed an 8-week low-calorie diet (LCD). When successful (>8% weight loss), participants were randomized to different ad libitum diet groups and were advised to maintain their weight loss over the 6-month intervention period. Body weight (BW), body composition, cardiometabolic variables and subjectively-assessed PA were measured at baseline, at the end of weight loss and at the end of the intervention. BW was reduced by the LCD (from 99.8 ± 16.7 to 88.4 ± 14.9 kg; P < 0.001). This reduction was maintained during the weight maintenance period (89.2 ± 16.0 kg). Total PA (sum score of the three subscales of the Baecke questionnaire) increased during the weight loss period (from 8.16 ± 0.83 to 8.39 ± 0.78; P < 0.001) and this increase was subsequently maintained (8.42 ± 0.90). We found no evidence that baseline PA predicted weight loss. However, a higher level of baseline PA predicted a larger weight-loss-induced improvement in total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and CRP, and in post-prandial insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index). Subsequent weight and fat mass maintenance were predicted by the post-weight loss level of PA and associated with changes in PA during the weight maintenance phase. In conclusion, despite the fact that higher baseline levels of PA did not predict more weight loss during the LCD, nor that an increase in PA during the LCD was associated with more weight loss, higher PA levels were associated with more improvements in several cardiometabolic variables. The positive effect of higher PA on weight loss maintenance seems in contrast to randomized controlled trials that have not been able to confirm a positive effect of exercise training programmes on weight loss maintenance. This analysis supports the notion that higher self-imposed levels of PA may improve the cardiometabolic risk profile during weight loss and help to maintain weight loss afterwards.
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- 2021
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3. APOE genotype influences insulin resistance, apolipoprotein CII and CIII according to plasma fatty acid profile in the Metabolic Syndrome
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Rosalind Fallaize, Andrew L. Carvalho-Wells, Audrey C. Tierney, Carmen Marin, Beata Kieć-Wilk, Aldona Dembińska-Kieć, Christian A. Drevon, Catherine DeFoort, José Lopez-Miranda, Ulf Risérus, Wim H. Saris, Ellen E. Blaak, Helen M. Roche, and Julie A. Lovegrove
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Metabolic markers associated with the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) may be affected by interactions between the APOE genotype and plasma fatty acids (FA). In this study, we explored FA-gene interactions between the missense APOE polymorphisms and FA status on metabolic markers in MetS. Plasma FA, blood pressure, insulin sensitivity and lipid concentrations were determined at baseline and following a 12-week randomized, controlled, parallel, dietary FA intervention in 442 adults with MetS (LIPGENE study). FA-APOE gene interactions at baseline and following change in plasma FA were assessed using adjusted general linear models. At baseline E4 carriers had higher plasma concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein B (apo B) compared with E2 carriers; and higher TC, LDL-C and apo B compared with E3/E3. Whilst elevated plasma n-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) was associated with a beneficially lower concentration of apo CIII in E2 carriers, a high proportion of plasma C16:0 was associated with insulin resistance in E4 carriers. Following FA intervention, a reduction in plasma long-chain n-3 PUFA was associated with a reduction in apo CII concentration in E2 carriers. Our novel data suggest that individuals with MetS may benefit from personalized dietary interventions based on APOE genotype.
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- 2017
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4. Mathematical Modeling of Human Thermoregulation: A Neurophysiological Approach to Vasoconstriction.
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Boris R. M. Kingma, Arjan J. H. Frijns, Wim H. Saris, Anton A. van Steenhoven, and Wouter D. van Marken Lichtenbelt
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- 2010
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5. Modeling Skin Blood Flow - A Neuro-physiological Approach.
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Boris R. M. Kingma, Wim H. Saris, Arjan J. H. Frijns, Anton A. van Steenhoven, and Wouter D. van Marken Lichtenbelt
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- 2010
6. Effect of the interaction between diet composition and the
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Leticia, Goni, Lu, Qi, Marta, Cuervo, Fermín I, Milagro, Wim H, Saris, Ian A, MacDonald, Dominique, Langin, Arne, Astrup, Peter, Arner, Jean-Michel, Oppert, Mathilde, Svendstrup, Ellen E, Blaak, Thorkild Ia, Sørensen, Torben, Hansen, and J Alfredo, Martínez
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Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,Genotype ,Feeding Behavior ,Middle Aged ,Dietary Fats ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Diet ,Protein Phosphatase 2C ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Insulin-Secreting Cells ,Weight Loss ,Dietary Carbohydrates ,Humans ,Insulin ,Female ,Gene-Environment Interaction ,Obesity ,Insulin Resistance ,Amino Acids, Branched-Chain - Published
- 2017
7. Weekday sunlight exposure, but not vitamin D intake, influences the association between vitamin D receptor genotype and circulating concentration 25-hydroxyvitamin D in a pan-European population: the Food4Me study
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Katherine M, Livingstone, Carlos, Celis-Morales, Ulrich, Hoeller, Christina P, Lambrinou, George, Moschonis, Anna L, Macready, Rosalind, Fallaize, Manuela, Baur, Franz F, Roos, Igor, Bendik, Keith, Grimaldi, Santiago, Navas-Carretero, Rodrigo, San-Cristobal, Peter, Weber, Christian A, Drevon, Yannis, Manios, Iwona, Traczyk, Eileen R, Gibney, Julie A, Lovegrove, Wim H, Saris, Hannelore, Daniel, Mike, Gibney, J Alfredo, Martinez, Lorraine, Brennan, Tom R, Hill, John C, Mathers, RS: NUTRIM - R1 - Obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular health, RS: NUTRIM - HB/BW section A, and RS: NUTRIM - R1 - Metabolic Syndrome
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Adult ,Male ,D-BINDING PROTEIN ,Adolescent ,Genotype ,DETERMINANTS ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,White People ,D DEFICIENCY ,DIETARY-INTAKE ,Humans ,Vitamin D ,GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ,Aged ,Vitamin D receptor gene ,ADULTS ,Middle Aged ,RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL ,25-hydroxyvitamin D ,Diet ,Environment-gene interaction ,PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY ,Sunlight ,Receptors, Calcitriol ,Female ,NUTRITION ,ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION ,Food4Me - Abstract
Scope\ud Little is known about diet- and environment-gene interactions on 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D concentration. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate i) predictors of 25(OH)D concentration and relationships with vitamin D genotypes and ii) whether dietary vitamin D intake and sunlight exposure modified these relationships.\ud Methods and results\ud Participants from the Food4Me study (n = 1312; age 18–79) were genotyped for vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D binding protein at baseline and a genetic risk score was calculated. Dried blood spot samples were assayed for 25(OH)D concentration and dietary and lifestyle information collected. Circulating 25(OH)D concentration was lower with increasing genetic risk score, lower in females than males, higher in supplement users than non-users and higher in summer than winter. Carriage of the minor VDR allele was associated with lower 25(OH)D concentration in participants with the least sunlight exposure. Vitamin D genotype did not influence the relationship between vitamin D intake and 25(OH)D concentration.\ud Conclusion\ud Age, sex, dietary vitamin D intake, country, sunlight exposure, season and vitamin D genetic risk score were associated with circulating 25(OH)D concentration in a pan-European population. The relationship between VDR genotype and 25(OH)D concentration may be influenced by weekday sunlight exposure but not dietary vitamin D intake.
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- 2017
8. The muscle protein synthetic response to carbohydrate and protein ingestion is not impaired in men with longstanding type 2 diabetes
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Ralph J, Manders, René, Koopman, Milou, Beelen, Annemie P, Gijsen, Will K, Wodzig, Wim H, Saris, and Luc J, van Loon
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Blood Glucose ,Male ,Cross-Over Studies ,Muscle Proteins ,Diet ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Dietary Supplements ,Dietary Carbohydrates ,Humans ,Insulin ,Dietary Proteins ,Amino Acids ,Energy Metabolism ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Aged - Abstract
Protein ingestion stimulates muscle protein synthesis and improves net muscle protein balance. Insulin resistance has been suggested to result in a reduced muscle protein synthetic response to food intake. As such, we hypothesized that type 2 diabetes patients have a impaired muscle protein synthetic response to food ingestion. To test this hypothesis, 10 male type 2 diabetes patients using their normal oral glucose-lowering medication (68 +/- 2 y) and 10 matched, normoglycemic men (65 +/- 2 y) were randomly assigned to 2 crossover treatments in which whole body and muscle protein synthesis were measured following the consumption of either carbohydrate (CHO) or carbohydrate with a protein hydrolysate (CHO+PRO). Primed, continuous infusions with L-[ring-13C6]phenylalanine and L-[ring-2H2]tyrosine were applied and blood and muscle samples were collected to assess whole-body protein balance and mixed muscle protein fractional synthetic rate over a 6-h period. Whole-body phenylalanine and tyrosine flux were higher after the CHO+PRO treatment compared with the CHO treatment in the diabetes and control group (P
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- 2008
9. Passive smoking alters circulating naïve/memory lymphocyte T-cell subpopulations in children
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Constantine I, Vardavas, Maria, Plada, Manolis, Tzatzarakis, Ascension, Marcos, Julia, Warnberg, Sonia, Gomez-Martinez, Christina, Breidenassel, Marcela, Gonzalez-Gross, Aristeidis M, Tsatsakis, Wim H, Saris, Luis A, Moreno, Anthony G, Kafatos, and Maria, Fasoulaki
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Adolescent ,T-Lymphocytes ,Antigens, Differentiation ,Immunophenotyping ,Europe ,Population Groups ,Antigens, CD ,T-Lymphocyte Subsets ,Humans ,Tobacco Smoke Pollution ,Child ,Cotinine ,Immunologic Memory ,Biomarkers - Abstract
While it has been indicated that exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) can cause a local in vivo response, limited evidence exists on its possible systemic effects from population-based levels of exposure. We investigated into a possible systemic response in the immune parameters and lymphocyte subsets, i.e. B cell (CD19+), T cell (CD4+CD45RO+, CD4+CD45RA+, CD3+CD45RO+, CD3+CD45RA+) and natural killer (CD3+CD16CD56+) lymphocyte subsets relative to exposure to SHS. Blood was drawn from healthy, verified non-smoker, adolescent subjects (n = 68, mean age 14.2) and analysed for cotinine, antioxidants and lymphocyte immunophenotyping. SHS exposure was assessed using serum cotinine. Biomarker quantified exposure to SHS was correlated with a linear dose-response reduction in the percentages of memory CD4+CD45RO+ (p = 0.005) and CD3+CD45RO+ T-cell subsets (p = 0.005 and p = 0.003, respectively) and a linear increase in the percentage of naïve CD4+CD45RA+ and CD3+CD45RA+ T-cell subsets (p = 0.006 and p = 0.003, respectively). Additionally, higher exposure to SHS was associated with a higher CD4+CD45RA+ count (532 vs. 409 cells/ml, p = 0.017). Moreover, after controlling for age, gender, body mass index and plasma antioxidants, SHS exposure was found to be associated with the percentage of circulating naïve and memory CD4+ and CD3+ T-cell subpopulations, as revealed through a linear regression analysis. These findings indicate a systemic immunological response in healthy adolescents exposed to population-based levels of SHS exposure and imply an additional biological pathway for the interaction between exposure to SHS and its adverse effects on human health.
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- 2010
10. Leptin and energy expenditure.
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Chris J Hukshorn and Wim H Saris
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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: A fundamental advance in our understanding of endocrine control of energy balance and body weight came with the discovery of the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin. The leptin pathway appeared to be the long-sought peripheral signal pathway from the adipose tissue to the brain involved in the regulation of feeding and energy balance. RECENT FINDINGS: Initially, leptin was considered to function as the long-sought antiobesity hormone. According to this hypothesis, rising concentrations of leptin with increasing adiposity would generate a signal to reduce food intake and increase energy expenditure in order to limit further weight gain. However, widespread resistance to the proposed antiobesity action of leptin is observed in humans, which might reflect the fact that the inability to store energy efficiently at times of abundance is evolutionarily disadvantageous. According to this alternative view, falling leptin concentrations observed during fasting act as a peripheral signal of starvation, which serves to conserve energy in the face of limited reserves. However, leptin administration failed to blunt the changes in energy expenditure during severe energy restrictions in several clinical studies. In addition, leptin therapy in several different human low-leptin states failed to affect energy expenditure in recent studies. SUMMARY: Increasing evidence from human studies suggests that leptin predominantly influences the human energy balance through appetite but appears not to be involved in regulating energy expenditure. None of the expected factors such as resting metabolic rate, total diurnal energy expenditure or dietary induced thermogenesis was related to blood leptin concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2004
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11. Focus on the fire of life.
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Wim H Saris
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- 2004
- Full Text
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