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1. Index

Author

Wilson, Shaun

Published
2021

5. Back Cover

Author

Wilson, Shaun

Published
2021

7. References

Author

Wilson, Shaun

Published
2021

9. Notes

Author

Wilson, Shaun

Published
2021

15. Cover

Author

Wilson, Shaun

Published
2021

18. Directed conservation of the world’s reef sharks and rays

Author

Goetze, Jordan S., Heithaus, Michael R., MacNeil, M. Aaron, Harvey, Euan, Simpfendorfer, Colin A., Heupel, Michelle R., Meekan, Mark, Wilson, Shaun, Bond, Mark E., Speed, Conrad W., Currey-Randall, Leanne M., Fisher, Rebecca, Sherman, C. Samantha, Kiszka, Jeremy J., Rees, Matthew J., Udyawer, Vinay, Flowers, Kathryn I., Clementi, Gina M., Asher, Jacob, Beaufort, Océane, Bernard, Anthony T. F., Berumen, Michael L., Bierwagen, Stacy L., Boslogo, Tracey, Brooks, Edward J., Brown, J. Jed, Buddo, Dayne, Cáceres, Camila, Casareto, Sara, Charloo, Venkatesh, Cinner, Joshua E., Clua, Eric E. G., Cochran, Jesse E. M., Cook, Neil, D’Alberto, Brooke M., de Graaf, Martin, Dornhege-Lazaroff, Mareike C., Fanovich, Lanya, Farabaugh, Naomi F., Fernando, Daniel, Ferreira, Carlos Eduardo Leite, Fields, Candace Y. A., Flam, Anna L., Floros, Camilla, Fourqurean, Virginia, Barcia, Laura García, Garla, Ricardo, Gastrich, Kirk, George, Lachlan, Graham, Rory, Hagan, Valerie, Hardenstine, Royale S., Heck, Stephen M., Heithaus, Patricia, Henderson, Aaron C., Hertler, Heidi, Hueter, Robert E., Johnson, Mohini, Jupiter, Stacy D., Kaimuddin, Muslimin, Kasana, Devanshi, Kelley, Megan, Kessel, Steven T., Kiilu, Benedict, Kyne, Fabian, Langlois, Tim, Lawe, Jaedon, Lédée, Elodie J. I., Lindfield, Steve, Maggs, Jade Q., Manjaji-Matsumoto, B. Mabel, Marshall, Andrea, Matich, Philip, McCombs, Erin, McLean, Dianne, Meggs, Llewelyn, Moore, Stephen, Mukherji, Sushmita, Murray, Ryan, Newman, Stephen J., O’Shea, Owen R., Osuka, Kennedy E., Papastamatiou, Yannis P., Perera, Nishan, Peterson, Bradley J., Pina-Amargós, Fabián, Ponzo, Alessandro, Prasetyo, Andhika, Quamar, L. M. Sjamsul, Quinlan, Jessica R., Razafindrakoto, Christelle F., Rolim, Fernanda A., Ruiz-Abierno, Alexei, Ruiz, Hector, Samoilys, Melita A., Sala, Enric, Sample, William R., Schärer-Umpierre, Michelle, Schoen, Sara N., Schlaff, Audrey M., Smith, Adam N. H., Sparks, Lauren, Stoffers, Twan, Tanna, Akshay, Torres, Rubén, Travers, Michael J., Valentin-Albanese, Jasmine, Warren, Joseph D., Watts, Alexandra M., Wen, Colin K., Whitman, Elizabeth R., Wirsing, Aaron J., Zarza-González, Esteban, and Chapman, Demian D.

Published
2024
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20. The Pandemic and the Welfare of International Students: Abandonment or Policy Consistency?

Author

Ramia, Gaby, Mitchell, Emma, Hastings, Catherine, Morris, Alan, and Wilson, Shaun

Abstract

In its response to COVID-19 in 2020, the Australian Government excluded international students from the temporary financial assistance it offered most permanent residents. This article examines the status of international student welfare as a policy question before and during the pandemic, and discusses post-pandemic policy implications. It draws on pre- and during-COVID-19 survey data from international students in Sydney and Melbourne. We argue that the pandemic highlighted and exacerbated an existing policy absence, rather than constituting a fresh abandonment of international students. Since the Dawkins changes in the early 1990s, international students have been officially treated in policy as consumers, not as 'social citizens'. This made many of them vulnerable to socio-economic shocks, given widespread dependence on precarious employment and insecure private income sources. The central policy implication is that, to avoid disproportionate welfare diminutions in future crises, the government needs to align the treatment of international and domestic students.

Published
2022

23. Chapter 4 The Oceanography and Marine Ecology of Ningaloo, A World Heritage Area

Author

Vanderklift, Mathew A., Babcock, Russell C., Barnes, Peter B., Cresswell, Anna K., Feng, Ming, Haywood, Michael D. E., Holmes, Thomas H., Lavery, Paul S., Pillans, Richard D., Smallwood, Claire B., Thomson, Damian P., Tucker, Anton D., Waples, Kelly, and Wilson, Shaun K.

Subjects
Volume, Todd, Swearer, Smith, S, Russell, Review, P, OMBAR, Oceanography, Marine, L, I, Hawkins, Firth, Evans, Biology, Bates,B, Annual, Allcock, bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSP Hydrobiology::PSPM Marine biology
Abstract

The Ningaloo coast of north-western Australia (eastern Indian Ocean) hosts one of the world’s longest and most extensive fringing coral reef systems, along with globally-significant abundances of large marine fauna such as whale sharks. These characteristics — which have contributed to its inscription on the World Heritage list — exist because of the unique climatic, geomorphologic and oceanographic conditions. The region is hot and arid, so runoff of water from land is low, facilitating clear water that allows corals to grow close to the shore. The poleward-flowing Leeuwin Current is an important influence, bringing warm water and generally suppressing coastal upwelling. During the austral summer, strong southerly winds generate the equatorward-flowing Ningaloo Current on the inner shelf — this current facilitates sporadic upwelling events that enhance concentrations of nutrients, which in turn enhances pelagic primary productivity that supports the reef’s biota. The coast has experienced several marine heatwaves since 2011 that have caused mortality of corals, and probably seagrass, albeit relatively less than elsewhere along the coast. Wind-generated surface waves break over the fringing reef crest, causing cooling currents that tend to dampen warming — although this mechanism seems not to have prevented some areas from experiencing damaging heat, and corals in places that do not experience the wave-generated currents have experienced substantial mortality. Herbivores, from fish to green turtles, are abundant, and in the lagoon extensive stands of large brown algae provide an important habitat for newly-recruited fish. There has been a decline in abundance of some fish. Predictions of future pressures include a weaker but more variable Leeuwin Current, and increased human use. The ability of Ningaloo’s ecosystems to withstand growing pressures will depend partly on the rate and magnitude of global warming, but also on actions that manage local pressures from increasing human use. These actions will rely on continued science to provide the evidence needed to identify the pressures, the changes they create and the ways that we can mitigate them.

Published
2020

26. Precarity before and during the Pandemic: International Student Employment and Personal Finances in Australia

Author

Hastings, Catherine, Ramia, Gaby, Wilson, Shaun, Mitchell, Emma, and Morris, Alan

Abstract

There is mounting evidence of increased international student financial and work precarity over the last decade in Australia. Yet, there has been a little scholarly analysis of which students are most affected by precarity and its sources. Drawing on two surveys of international students in Australia's two largest cities, conducted before and during the pandemic, we investigate the financial and work vulnerabilities of international students. We demonstrate that vulnerability is related to characteristics which describe particular cohorts of students: being from low-income countries, working class families, seeking a low-level qualification, enrolled in a non-university institution, and being without a scholarship. The concepts of "noncitizenship" and "work precarity" are used to explain how the mechanisms of each characteristic heighten vulnerability, thereby contributing to a broader evidence-base about the causality of international student precarity.

Published
2023
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34. Sustainable reference points for multispecies coral reef fisheries

Author

Zamborain-Mason, Jessica, Cinner, Joshua E., MacNeil, M. Aaron, Graham, Nicholas A. J., Hoey, Andrew S., Beger, Maria, Brooks, Andrew J., Booth, David J., Edgar, Graham J., Feary, David A., Ferse, Sebastian C. A., Friedlander, Alan M., Gough, Charlotte L. A., Green, Alison L., Mouillot, David, Polunin, Nicholas V. C., Stuart-Smith, Rick D., Wantiez, Laurent, Williams, Ivor D., Wilson, Shaun K., and Connolly, Sean R.

Published
2023
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37. Research priorities for the sustainability of coral-rich western Pacific seascapes

Author

Cumming, Graeme S., Adamska, Maja, Barnes, Michele L., Barnett, Jon, Bellwood, David R., Cinner, Joshua E., Cohen, Philippa J., Donelson, Jennifer M., Fabricius, Katharina, Grafton, R. Quentin, Grech, Alana, Gurney, Georgina G., Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove, Hoey, Andrew S., Hoogenboom, Mia O., Lau, Jacqueline, Lovelock, Catherine E., Lowe, Ryan, Miller, David J., Morrison, Tiffany H., Mumby, Peter J., Nakata, Martin, Pandolfi, John M., Peterson, Garry D., Pratchett, Morgan S., Ravasi, Timothy, Riginos, Cynthia, Rummer, Jodie L., Schaffelke, Britta, Wernberg, Thomas, and Wilson, Shaun K.

Published
2023
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41. Increased resilience and a regime shift reversal through repeat mass coral bleaching.

Author

Graham, Nicholas A. J., Wilson, Shaun K., Benkwitt, Cassandra E., Bonne, Rodney, Govinden, Rodney, and Robinson, James P. W.

Subjects
*CORAL reef ecology, *MARINE heatwaves, *CORAL declines, *HEAT waves (Meteorology), *CORAL reefs & islands, *CORAL reef restoration, *CORAL bleaching
Abstract

Ecosystems are substantially changing in response to ongoing climate change. For example, coral reefs have declined in coral dominance, with some reefs undergoing regime shifts to non‐coral states. However, reef responses may vary through multiple heat stress events, with the rarity of long‐term ecological datasets rendering such understanding uncertain. Assessing coral reefs across the inner Seychelles islands using a 28‐year dataset, we document faster coral recovery from the 2016 than the 1998 marine heatwave event. Further, compositions of benthic and fish communities were more resistant to change following the more recent heat stress, having stabilized in a persistent altered state, with greater herbivory, following the 1998 climate disturbance. Counter to predictions, a macroalgal‐dominated reef that had regime‐shifted following the 1998 disturbance is transitioning to a coral‐dominated state following the 2016 heat stress. Collectively, these patterns indicate that reef systems may be more resilient to repeat heatwave events than anticipated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Unifying Coral Reef States Through Space and Time Reveals a Changing Ecosystem.

Author

Brandl, Simon J., Carlot, Jérémy, Stuart‐Smith, Rick D., Keith, Sally A., Graham, Nicholas A. J., Edgar, Graham J., Wicquart, Jérémy, Wilson, Shaun K., Karkarey, Rucha, Donovan, Mary K., Arias‐Gonzalez, Jesus E., Arthur, Rohan, Bigot, Lionel, Exton, Dan A., Goetze, Jordan, Hoey, Andrew S., Holmes, Thomas, Maréchal, Jean‐Philippe, Mouillot, David, and Ross, Claire L.

Subjects
CORAL reef management, CORAL reefs & islands, TROPICAL ecosystems, MARINE parks & reserves, MARINE ecology, CORALS
Abstract

Aim: Ecological state shifts that alter the structure and function of entire ecosystems are a concerning consequence of human impact. Yet, when, where and why discrete ecological states emerge remains difficult to predict and monitor, especially in high‐diversity systems. We sought to quantify state shifts and their drivers through space and time in the most ecologically complex marine ecosystem: tropical coral reefs. Location: Worldwide. Time Period: 1987–2019. Major Taxa Studied: Coral reef communities. Methods: Using a global dataset of 3375 coral reef surveys, along with 13 time series datasets ranging between 1987 and 2019, we applied a novel double‐dichotomy approach to classify coral reefs into four simplified and discrete states based on the relative contributions of corals versus algae to benthic cover and small‐bodied versus large‐bodied fishes to fish standing stock. We then examined state shifts considering a range of spatial predictors and tested whether states have shifted directionally over time, and the nature of the most common transitions. Results: We show that geographic, environmental and anthropogenic context fundamentally shapes coral reef states at the local scale, which explains disparities among case studies, and stakes out critical baseline expectations for regional management efforts. We also reveal clear multi‐decadal state shifts on coral reefs: over time, systems dominated by reef‐building corals and small‐bodied, planktivorous fishes tend to have been replaced with reefs characterised by algae and larger‐bodied fishes. Main Conclusions: Our results suggest a previously unrecognised transition from systems that harness external subsidies through small‐bodied consumers associated with structurally complex live corals, to herbivore‐dominated systems with stronger bottom‐up dynamics. Overall, the partitioning of complex reef ecosystems into a small suite of discrete ecological states suggests that spatial context‐dependency, shifting baselines and changes in reef functioning are crucial considerations for coral reef management in the 21st century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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46. Highly variable taxa-specific coral bleaching responses to thermal stresses

Author

McClanahan, Timothy R., Darling, Emily S., Maina, Joseph M., Muthiga, Nyawira A., D’agata, Stephanie, Leblond, Julien, Arthur, Rohan, Jupiter, Stacy D., Wilson, Shaun K., Mangubhai, Sangeeta, Ussi, Ali M., Guillaume, Mireille M. M., Humphries, Austin T., Patankar, Vardhan, Shedrawi, George, Pagu, Julius, and Grimsditch, Gabriel

Published
2020

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