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1. Multiple overspill flood channels from young craters require surface melting and hundreds of meters of mid-latitude ice late in Mars history

Author

Warren, Alexandra O., Wilson, Sharon A., Howard, Alan, Noblet, Axel, and Kite, Edwin S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

Mars' tadpole craters are small, young craters whose crater rims are incised by one or more exit breaches but lack visible inlets. The tadpole forming climate records the poorly understood drying of Mars since the Early Hesperian. A third of tadpole craters have multiple breaches, therefore a process is needed that was able to generate crater rim incision in multiple locations. We use HiRISE data for four multiple breach tadpole craters to measure their crater fill, rims, and exit breaches. We compare these measurements and other data to our calculations of liquid water supply by rain, surface melting, groundwater discharge, and basal ice sheet melting to discriminate between four proposed formation hypotheses for tadpole breaches, favoring scenarios with ice-filled craters and supraglacial melting. We conclude that multiple breach tadpole craters record hundreds of meters of mid-latitude ice and climate conditions enabling intermittent melting in the Late Hesperian and Amazonian, suggesting that liquid water on Mars has been available in association with water ice for billions of years., Comment: Planetary Science Journal, in press

Published
2024

5. Cover

Author

Wilson, Sharon Rose

Published
2005

19. Works Cited

Author

Wilson, Sharon Rose

Published
2005

23. Changing spatial distribution of water flow charts major change in Mars' greenhouse effect

Author

Kite, Edwin S., Mischna, Michael A., Fan, Bowen, Morgan, Alexander M., Wilson, Sharon A., and Richardson, Mark I.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

Early Mars had rivers, but the cause of Mars' wet-to-dry transition remains unknown. Past climate on Mars can be probed using the spatial distribution of climate-sensitive landforms. We analyzed global databases of water-worked landforms and identified changes in the spatial distribution of rivers over time. These changes are simply explained by comparison to a simplified meltwater model driven by an ensemble of global climate model simulations, as the result of $\gtrsim$10 K global cooling, from global average surface temperature (T) $\ge$ 268 K to T $\sim$ 258 K, due to a weaker greenhouse effect. In other words, river-forming climates on Early Mars were warm and wet first, and cold and wet later. Surprisingly, analysis of the greenhouse effect within our ensemble of global climate model simulations suggests that this shift was primarily driven by waning non-CO2 radiative forcing, and not changes in CO2 radiative forcing.

Published
2022
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25. The Timing of Alluvial Fan Formation on Mars

Author

Holo, Samuel J., Kite, Edwin S., Wilson, Sharon A., and Morgan, Alexander M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

The history of rivers on Mars is an important constraint on Martian climate evolution. The timing of relatively young, alluvial fan-forming rivers is especially important, as Mars' Amazonian atmosphere is thought to have been too thin to consistently support surface liquid water. Previous regional studies suggested that alluvial fans formed primarily between the Early Hesperian and the Early Amazonian. In this study, we describe how a combination of a global impact crater database, a global geologic map, a global alluvial fan database, and statistical models can be used to estimate the timing of alluvial fan formation across Mars. Using our global approach and improved statistical modeling, we find that alluvial fan formation likely persisted into the last ~2.5 Gyr, well into the Amazonian period. However, the data we analyzed was insufficient to place constraints on the duration of alluvial fan formation. Going forward, more crater data will enable tighter constraints on the parameters estimated in our models and thus further inform our understanding of Mars' climate evolution., Comment: Accepted by The Planetary Science Journal

Published
2021

32. International Analgesia and Sedation Weaning and Withdrawal Practices in Critically Ill Adults: The Adult Iatrogenic Withdrawal Study in the ICU*

Author

Bolesta, Scott, Burry, Lisa, Perreault, Marc M., Gélinas, Céline, Smith, Kathryn E., Eadie, Rebekah, Carini, Federico C., Saltarelli, Katrianna, Mitchell, Jennifer, Harpel, Jamie, Stewart, Ryan, Riker, Richard R., Fraser, Gilles L., Erstad, Brian L., Alcántara, Sara, Aldardeer, Namareq, Alhammad, Abdullah, Almohaish, Sulaiman, Ammar, Mahmoud, Arroyo-Novoa, Carmen Mabel, Awassi, Don-Kelena, Badano, Mariana, Badman, Belinda, Barnes, Sanchia, Bertozzi, Matias, Botros, Shady, Brophy, Gretchen, Brown, Caitlin, Brown, Glen, Buckley, Mitchell, Burgess, Sarah, Campbell, Joshua, Carothers, Chancey, Celario, Patricio, Chambers, Lauren, Chanques, Gérald, Contreras, Sofia, d’Hebron, Vall, Cortes, Jennifer, Cozzi, Gabrielle, Cucci, Michaelia, Cunto, Eleonora, Dao, Denis, Defayette, Aubrey, Dey, Alexandra, Diaz, Anatilde, Dixit, Deepali, Dube, Jean-Noel, Duceppe, Marc-Alexandre, Dzierba, Amy, Farrell, Odran, Ferranti, Pietro, Flannery, Alexander, Fontaine, Gabriel, Forehand, Christy, Nelson, Nydia Funes, Gillet, Manon, Gonzalez, Gustavo Nicolas, Graham-Clarke, Emma, Green, Sarah, Groth, Christine, Hamid, Hytham, Hamilton, Leslie, Hanley, Joanne, Jackson, Jessica, Johnston, Jackie, Kanji, Salmaan, Katzman, Sam, Kenes, Michael, Kinney, Justin, Kohler, Claire, Kovacic, Nicole, Kuroski, Julia, Landolf, Kaitlin, Laotheerachao, Rosalynn, Largana, Samuel, Lebrun, Genevieve, Leonardo, Kate, Levins, Elizabeth, Lewis-Wolfson, Temeka, Mailman, Jonathan, Man, Anna, Mandich, Veronica, McCullagh, Iain, McDonald, Jill, Gil, Antonella Milano, Ng, Wing Sum (Winny), Nguyen, Hang, O’Hare, Madeline, saleh, Jesus eduardo Ochoa, Oswald, Christopher, Patanwala, Asad, Payen, Jean-Francois, Phan, Brian, Radosevich, John, Reiter, Tamara, Remmington, Christopher, Reyes, Viviana, Roberts, Russel, Sagardia, Judith, Sall, Jas, Sanchez, Diego, Shoulders, Bethany, Sneyers, Barbara, Thiboutot, Zoe, Thompson, Melissa, Timmins, Alan, Tolosa, Carina Fernanda, Tolosa, Carina, Junin, Sanatorio, Torres, Valentin Gabriel, Tran, Sandy, Trinh, Thu Ha, Tynan, Sinead, Vu, Lan, Wilson, Franki, Cook, Aaron, Ciolek, Alana, Haines, Aleina, Rodriguez, Alejandra, Cheung, Alexandra, Leong, Amanda, Nisnik, Ana Laura, Mancilla, Ana Maria, Rinehimer, Brandon, Sloan, Brett, Bissell, Brittany, Kulilg, Caitlin, Coombe, Cassandra, Dominguez, Cecilia, Wampole, Chelsea, Rodriguez de la Quintana, Cristhian, Mulodjanov, Darina, Tsoller, Darina, Bowen, David, Gagnon, David, Purkayastha, Debanjali, Ali, Dina, Saidahmed, Elfayadh, Lewandowski, Emily, Schranz, Emily, MacNeil, Erin, Hanks, Fraser, Kassab, Hager, Brokmeier, Hannah, Kaur, Jaspreet, Huntress, Jeff, Clark, Jenna, Falvey, Jennifer, De Giacomo, Jessica, Smith, Jonathan, Ibarzabal, Juan, Niland, Judith, Muir, Justin, Gosek, Kasia, Maynard, Kaylee, Kooda, Kirstin, Pandya, Komal, Kaupp, Kristin, Ebitt, Laura, Bordon, Lucas, Chiscano, Lusi, Sosa, Manuel, Cosep, Marc, Lobo, Marcelo, Monte, Marco Flores, Sandler, Melissa, Bastin, Melissa Thompson, Armahizer, Michael, Wang, Michelle, Eshaghian, Miriam, Rizwan, Mohammad, Patel, Mona, Pistillo, Nestor, Harris, Nicole, Torella, Pau, Phongsamran, Paula, Woo, Priscilla, Garcia, Rhiannon, Sabelli, Rosana Gregori, Grant, Ryan, Delibert, Samantha, Parli, Sara, Wilson, Sharon, Yeung, Siu Yan Amy, Putruele, Sofia, Rappaport, Stephen, Welch, Susan, Moitra, Vivek, and Chediack, Viviana

Published
2023
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35. VW Campervan subculture : tourism mobilities and experiences

Author

Wilson, Sharon

Subjects
306.4, Tourism
Abstract

This thesis seeks to understand the mobilities of VW Campervan tourists as they travel for leisure purposes. The aim of the study is to unpack the social and embodied consequences of Volkswagen ownership to contribute to mobilities and automobilities research. By following the ‘slow’ journeys of VW campervan tourists travelling to festivals in the North East of England and Scotland, the different intensities of interactions between driver and vehicle are mapped in this dialogic account. Mindful of the centrality of the human subject in this case, it was important to ground the research in the new mobilities paradigm and to place meaningful movements at the heart of this analysis of a particular expression of modern social life (Urry, 2000a, Adey, 2010). Further to epistemological rationale of the study, Actor Network Theory is also used as tool through which to unpack, order and reconcile the social, material and non-representational affects that constitute VW Campervan travel. This framework is important as it has allowed knowledge to be captured within a broad spectrum of possibilities rather than as distinct tropes. Within existing tourism literature, interactions between people and velocity on ferries, canoes, motorcycles, waiting in line and so on, have been touched upon (Mitchell and Kubein, 2009; Vannini et al., 2009; Waskul, 2009), but no research has looked explicitly at the dimensions of VW campervan travel as a characterful form which travellers form significant bonds with their vehicles. In terms of the research design, interdisciplinary, inductive and interpretivist methodologies are used as epistemological foundations upon which ethnographic, auto-ethnographic, visual and mobile methods are deployed for data collection. Fieldwork was conducted during the summer between 2010/13 and the resultant findings developed into three distinct critiques. These include observations on how they travel on roads to the destination, considerations of the relationship between the driver and VW campervan, then finally insights into the experiences of owners at the festival. As a contribution to knowledge therefore, the chapter Velocity and Time comprehends the experience of roads as not mundane thoroughfares but instead rich, vivid and meaningful places where travellers are enveloped in speed, nature and communality. Then in the chapter Sensing the Automobile, the emotional 3 and embodied relations between driver and vehicle as they together create mobile leisure are contemplated. Finally in Home and Away the paradoxical nature of tourism normally used to escape the everyday, is was found in this case that the mundane realities of home were replicated somewhere else. The third and final discussion examines the relationship between the VW campervan and its owner to propose that their embodied relationship induces a range of social intercourses unique to the Volkswagen brand.

Published
2018

36. Persistent or repeated surface habitability on Mars during the Late Hesperian - Amazonian

Author

Kite, Edwin S., Sneed, Jonathan, Mayer, David P., and Wilson, Sharon A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Large alluvial fan deposits on Mars record relatively recent habitable surface conditions ($\lesssim$3.5 Ga, Late Hesperian - Amazonian). We find net sedimentation rate <(4-8) {\mu}m/yr in the alluvial-fan deposits, using the frequency of craters that are interbedded with alluvial-fan deposits as a fluvial-process chronometer. Considering only the observed interbedded craters sets a lower bound of >20 Myr on the total time interval spanned by alluvial-fan aggradation, >10^3-fold longer than previous lower limits. A more realistic approach that corrects for craters fully entombed in the fan deposits raises the lower bound to >(100-300) Myr. Several factors not included in our calculations would further increase the lower bound. The lower bound rules out fan-formation by a brief climate anomaly. Therefore, during the Late Hesperian - Amazonian on Mars, persistent or repeated processes permitted habitable surface conditions.

Published
2017
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38. Lab-scale and full-scale industrial composting of biodegradable plastic blends for packaging

Author

Chong, Zhi Kai, Hofmann, Alexander, Haye, Marie, Wilson, Sharon Malusha, Ihsanullah, Sohoo, Alassali, Ayah, Kuchta, Kerstin, Chong, Zhi Kai, Hofmann, Alexander, Haye, Marie, Wilson, Sharon Malusha, Ihsanullah, Sohoo, Alassali, Ayah, and Kuchta, Kerstin

Abstract

Background: The acceptance of compostable plastic packaging in industrial composting plants is not universal despite available certification due to the persistence of plastic residues after composting. To better understand this discrepancy, this study compared the disintegration rates of two blends designed for rigid packaging (polylactic acid based) and soft packaging (polybutylene succinate based) in lab-scale composting tests and in an industrial composting plant. Methods: A lab-scale composting test was conducted in triplicates according to ISO 20200 for 4, 8 and 12 weeks to check the disintegration potential of the blends. Duplicate test material were then exposed in the compost pile of an industrial composting plant for a duration of 3 weeks and compared with a supplementary lab-scale test of the same duration. Results: The rigid packaging samples (1 mm thickness) retained on average 76.4%, 59.0% and 55.7% of its mass after 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively in the lab-scale. In the plant, the average remaining mass was 98.3%, much higher compared to the average of 68.9% after 3 weeks in the supplementary lab-scale test. The soft packaging samples (109±9 µm sample thickness) retained on average 45.4%, 10.9% and 0.3% of its mass after 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively in the lab-scale. In the plant, a high average remaining mass was also observed (93.9%). The supplementary lab-scale test showed similar remaining mass but higher fragmentation after 3 weeks. Conclusions: The results show that the samples achieved significant disintegration in the lab-scale but not in the plant. The difference between the tests that might further contribute to the differing degradation rates is the composition and heterogeneity of the composting substrate. Therefore, the substrate composition and thermophilic composting duration of individual plants are important considerations to determine the suitability of treating compostable plastic in real-world conditions.

Published
2024

41. The Multiple Speeds of Infrastructural Violence, or Putting Flesh on the Boneyard.

Author

Wilson, Sharon, Miller, Jacob C., and King, Helen M.

Abstract

In recent years, museums have been acknowledged as powerful geopolitical sites. In this article, we explore the military museums of southern Arizona, primarily the Pima Air and Space Museum in Tucson, as a unique kind of infrastructure where the museum and the military meet. Drawing on participant observation, we explore how the museum experience provides crucial affective and emotional dimensions to the ideological production the military is involved in. This article also uses geographic information systems to begin charting connections between these museums and their immediate surroundings in the city and region, as well as the wider territories that the military museums help to maintain. As military infrastructure morphs into museum experiences, we consider the epistemic violence that results and consider how it might also be a form of slow infrastructural violence, insofar as it helps maintain unequal relations of power and ongoing violence around the world and in the city itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Applied (im)mobilities in turbulent times: transdisciplinarity, creativity and mobility justice.

Author

Clayton, John and Wilson, Sharon

Subjects
TURBULENCE, CREATIVE ability, SCHOLARS, ARGUMENT
Abstract

This special issue re-visits what we might mean by "applied" within im/mobilities studies in an era defined by socio-political turbulence, unevenly distributed harms and existential threats. The issue suggests that such conditions necessarily require contributions from a range of fields, concerns and interests. It is this diversity that we draw attention to, acknowledging the various and intersecting ways in which mobilities scholars are thinking through questions of application. The contributions within the issue illustrate that such applications are not just confined to measurable societal or economic "impact" as conventionally employed, but also through the movement of ideas and practice (whether intentional or not) across disciplinary boundaries and also beyond the academy in creative ways that contribute to the challenges of mobility justice and trouble the borders of knowledge generation and use. This short introductory paper outlines the origins and rationale of this special issue as well as the core connected themes that are, in different ways, considered across the papers: transdisciplinarity, creativity and mobility justice. We go on to summarise the approaches and arguments of the exciting and diverse range of contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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43. Unraveling fake news in Malaysia: A comprehensive analysis from legal and journalistic perspective.

Author

LIM Shiang Shiang and Wilson, Sharon

Subjects
FAKE news, SOCIAL cohesion, TRUST, SOCIAL processes, AUTHORITARIAN personality, CONTENT analysis, PROFESSIONALISM
Abstract

The impact of fake news in Malaysia is vast and complex, posing threats to democratic processes and social cohesion. However, fake news research often relies on Western definitions, contributing to a lack of understanding within the Malaysian context. The introduction of the Malaysia Anti-Fake News Act in 2018, which encompasses all types of information and ideas, have also left confusion regarding the definition of fake news. This research aims to serve as a guide, starting from how "fake news" is defined in the country and then addressing potential issues associated with constituting the term from both legal and journalists' perspectives. Utilizing quantitative content analysis and qualitative interviews, the research reveals challenges in combatting fake news in a semi-authoritarian context. Balancing media freedom and regulation is challenging, and distinguishing between sensational and fake news is complicated by subjective interpretations. While enhancing professionalism in journalism is crucial, the utmost importance lies in establishing transparent governance. This is because establishing trust in government-owned new media is key to encouraging reliance on credible sources. This research assists in providing a clearer understanding of the underlying problems related to fake news dissemination in the country and suggests possible long-term solutions to curb its impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024

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