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6. Persephone: A Pluto-System Orbiter and Kuiper Belt Explorer

Author

Howett, Carly, Robbins, Stuart, Holler, Bryan J., Hendrix, Amanda, Fielhauer, Karl, Perry, Mark, Siddique, Fazle, Apland, Clint, Leary, James, Stern, S. Alan, Elliott, Heather, Nimmo, Francis, Porter, Simon B., Protopapa, Silvia, Singer, Kelsi N., Tucker, Orenthal J., Verbiscer, Anne J., Andrews, Bruce, Bushman, Stewart, Crifasi, Adam, Crowley, Doug, Edwards, Clint, Ernst, Carolyn M., Fonville, Blair, Frankford, David, Gallagher, Dan, Holdridge, Mark, Hunt, Jack, Kavelaars, J. J., Krupiarz, Chris, Kuhn, Jimmy, McKinnon, William, Nair, Hari, Napolillo, David, Pineau, Jon, Radebaugh, Jani, Sholder, Rachel, Spencer, John, Thodey, Adam, Walters, Samantha, Williams, Bruce, Wilson, Robert J., and Young, Leslie A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Persephone is a NASA concept mission study that addresses key questions raised by New Horizons' encounters with Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs), with arguably the most important being "Does Pluto have a subsurface ocean?". More broadly, Persephone would answer four significant science questions: (1) What are the internal structures of Pluto and Charon? (2) How have the surfaces and atmospheres in the Pluto system evolved? (3) How has the KBO population evolved? (4) What are the particles and magnetic field environments of the Kuiper Belt? To answer these questions, Persephone has a comprehensive payload, and would both orbit within the Pluto system and encounter other KBOs. The nominal mission is 30.7 years long, with launch in 2031 on a Space Launch System (SLS) Block 2 rocket with a Centaur kick stage, followed by a 27.6 year cruise powered by existing radioisotope electric propulsion (REP) and a Jupiter gravity assist to reach Pluto in 2058. En route to Pluto, Persephone would have one 50- to 100-km-class KBO encounter before starting a 3.1 Earth-year orbital campaign of the Pluto system. The mission also includes the potential for an 8-year extended mission, which would enable the exploration of another KBO in the 100- to 150-km-size class. The mission payload includes 11 instruments: Panchromatic and Color High-Resolution Imager; Low-Light Camera; Ultra-Violet Spectrometer; Near-Infrared (IR) Spectrometer; Thermal IR Camera; Radio Frequency Spectrometer; Mass Spectrometer; Altimeter; Sounding Radar; Magnetometer; and Plasma Spectrometer. The nominal cost of this mission is $3.0B, making it a large strategic science mission.

Published
2021

10. Dawn‐Dusk Asymmetry of Plasma Flow in Jupiter's Middle Magnetosphere Observed by Juno.

Author

Wang, Jian‐Zhao, Bagenal, Fran, Wilson, Robert J., Nerney, Edward, Ebert, Robert W., Valek, Philip W., Allegrini, Frederic, Szalay, Jamey R., and Delamere, Peter A.

Subjects
LOW temperature plasmas, PLASMA flow, AURORAS, JUPITER (Planet), MAGNETIC fields
Abstract

Based on plasma observations from Juno's Joviana Auroral Distributions Experiment instrument and forward modeling, we investigate the dawn‐dusk asymmetries within Jupiter's magnetosphere between 10 and 40 RJ ${\mathrm{R}}_{J}$. On the dawnside, the flux tubes are depleted characterized by low density and near rigid‐corotation velocity, with a low temperature and thin plasma sheet. On the duskside, the flux tubes are assimilated characterized by high density and sub‐corotation velocity, with a hotter and thicker plasma sheet. Super‐corotating hot inflows originating from reconnection events are identified in the pre‐dawn sector. These observations are consistent with the Vasyliūnas cycle, suggesting it operates in a region closer to Jupiter than previous studies suggested. Outflows are locally coupled with swept‐back magnetic fields and are frequently observed near midnight. Inflows are locally coupled with swept‐forward fields with higher temperatures. The discernible temperature difference between inflows and outflows reveals their distinct origins. Plasma beta increases with radial distance, suggesting increased instabilities at larger distances. Plain Language Summary: Jupiter's magnetosphere is internally driven by plasma originating from its moons, particularly Io. As the plasma corotates around Jupiter and is transported outward, the force balance breaks with stretched magnetic field and pinched off plasma blobs, resulting in local time asymmetry. For the first time, this asymmetry is validated within 40 Jupiter radii using plasma observations from the Juno mission. Compared to the duskside, the dawnside plasma exhibits lower density, higher temperature, and larger corotational velocity (even exceeds rigid corotation sometimes). These results indicate distinct origins for inflows and outflows. This study brings us a step forward in our understanding of the dynamics of Jupiter's magnetosphere and provides a data set for comparison with simulations. Key Points: The dawn‐dusk asymmetry between 10 and 40 RJ is modulated by the Vasyliūnas cycle, featuring super‐corotating flows in the pre‐dawn sectorThe flux tubes are depleted and accelerated on the dawnside, while they are dense and sub‐corotational on the dusksideThe temperature difference between inflows and outflows suggests physically distinct origins [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Limb Salvage and Reconstruction Options in Osteosarcoma

Author

Grinberg, Samuel Z., Posta, Abigail, Weber, Kristy L., Wilson, Robert J., Crusio, Wim E., Series Editor, Lambris, John D., Series Editor, Radeke, Heinfried H., Series Editor, Rezaei, Nima, Series Editor, Kleinerman, Eugenie S., editor, and Gorlick, Richard, editor

Published
2020
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16. Radial and Vertical Structures of Plasma Disk in Jupiter's Middle Magnetosphere.

Author

Wang, Jian‐Zhao, Bagenal, Fran, Wilson, Robert J., Nerney, Edward, Ebert, Robert W., Valek, Philip W., and Allegrini, Frederic

Subjects
MAGNETOSPHERE, PLASMA temperature, DENSE plasmas, PLASMA sources, ACCRETION disks, ELECTRIC fields
Abstract

The Juno mission flew through the plasma disk near the equator in Jupiter's magnetosphere frequently. We identify 274 plasma disk crossings of Juno between 10 and 40 RJ from PJ5 to PJ44. Using a forward modeling method that combines the JADE‐I time‐of‐flight and SPECIES data sets, we perform a survey of ion properties in the plasma disk. Ions are heated from 1.5 to 6 keV between 15 and 30 RJ. Density and temperature are locally anti‐correlated. Assumed to be related to centrifugal instabilities, cold, dense plasma are commonly observed near midnight. Plasma corotates around Jupiter and the rigid corotation breaks down outside 15–20 RJ. The plasma bulk velocity increases from the post‐dusk sector to the pre‐dawn sector featuring injection flows in the pre‐dawn sector, which is consistent with the Vasyliunas cycle. Strong outflows (>100 km/s) are commonly observed outside 20 RJ and the average radial velocity increases with radial distance. The ion abundance changes between 10 and 18 RJ and that might indicate plasma sources and/or sinks near Europa and Ganymede. The vertical distribution of ions is controlled by the balance between centrifugal, pressure gradient, and ambipolar electric field forces. An example near the M‐shell of 13.5 shows that average plasma temperature increases by a factor of 10 from the disk center to edge, because cold ions are more confined near the equator. Lighter ions with higher charge states have more mobility along the field line and have larger scale heights. The observations are compared with multi‐species diffusive equilibrium model. Key Points: The ion properties of the plasma disk are investigated based on 274 plasma disk crossings of Juno on Jupiter's nightsideStrong outflows are observed frequently outside 25 RJ and corotational velocity increases from the post‐dusk sector to the pre‐dawn sectorColder (hotter) and heavier (lighter) ions with lower (higher) charge states are more (less) confined near the equator [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. The clinical profile of NMOSD in Australia and New Zealand

Author

Bukhari, Wajih, Clarke, Laura, O’Gorman, Cullen, Khalilidehkordi, Elham, Arnett, Simon, Prain, Kerri M., Woodhall, Mark, Silvestrini, Roger, Bundell, Christine S., Ramanathan, Sudarshini, Abernethy, David, Bhuta, Sandeep, Blum, Stefan, Boggild, Mike, Boundy, Karyn, Brew, Bruce J., Brownlee, Wallace, Butzkueven, Helmut, Carroll, William M., Chen, Celia, Coulthard, Alan, Dale, Russell C., Das, Chandi, Dear, Keith, Fabis-Pedrini, Marzena J., Fulcher, David, Gillis, David, Hawke, Simon, Heard, Robert, Henderson, Andrew P. D., Heshmat, Saman, Hodgkinson, Suzanne, Jimenez-Sanchez, Sofia, Kilpatrick, Trevor J., King, John, Kneebone, Chris, Kornberg, Andrew J., Lechner-Scott, Jeannette, Lin, Ming-Wei, Lynch, Christopher, Macdonnell, Richard A. L., Mason, Deborah F., McCombe, Pamela A., Pereira, Jennifer, Pollard, John D., Reddel, Stephen W., Shaw, Cameron, Spies, Judith, Stankovich, James, Sutton, Ian, Vucic, Steve, Walsh, Michael, Wong, Richard C., Yiu, Eppie M., Barnett, Michael H., Kermode, Allan G., Marriott, Mark P., Parratt, John, Slee, Mark, Taylor, Bruce V., Willoughby, Ernest, Wilson, Robert J., Brilot, Fabienne, Vincent, Angela, Waters, Patrick, and Broadley, Simon A.

Published
2020
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21. Future Neutrino Oscillation Sensitivities for LBNE

Author

Bass, Matthew, Cherdack, Daniel, and Wilson, Robert J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The primary goal of the Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) is to measure the neutrino mixing matrix parameters. The design, optimized to search for CP violation and to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy, includes a large $\mathcal{O}(10$ kt) Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr TPC) at 1300 km downstream of a wide-band neutrino beam. A brief introduction to the neutrino mixing parameters will be followed by a discussion of sensitivity study analysis methods and a summary of the results for LBNE. The studies include comparisons with the Tokai-to-Kamioka (T2K) and NuMI Off-axis electron-neutrino Appearance (NO$\nu$A) experiments as well as combined sensitivities. Finally, the impact of including a realistic set of systematic uncertainties will be presented., Comment: Presentation at the DPF 2013 Meeting of the American Physical Society Division of Particles and Fields, Santa Cruz, California, August 13-17, 2013

Published
2013

22. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe

Author

LBNE Collaboration, Adams, Corey, Adams, David, Akiri, Tarek, Alion, Tyler, Anderson, Kris, Andreopoulos, Costas, Andrews, Mike, Anghel, Ioana, Anjos, João Carlos Costa dos, Antonello, Maddalena, Arrieta-Diaz, Enrique, Artuso, Marina, Asaadi, Jonathan, Bai, Xinhua, Baibussinov, Bagdat, Baird, Michael, Balantekin, Baha, Baller, Bruce, Baptista, Brian, Barker, D'Ann, Barker, Gary, Barletta, William A., Barr, Giles, Bartoszek, Larry, Bashyal, Amit, Bass, Matt, Bellini, Vincenzo, Benetti, Pietro Angelo, Berger, Bruce E., Bergevin, Marc, Berman, Eileen, Berns, Hans-Gerd, Bernstein, Adam, Bernstein, Robert, Bhandari, Babu, Bhatnagar, Vipin, Bhuyan, Bipul, Bian, Jianming, Bishai, Mary, Blake, Andrew, Blaszczyk, Flor, Blaufuss, Erik, Bleakley, Bruce, Blucher, Edward, Blusk, Steve, Bocean, Virgil, Boffelli, F., Boissevain, Jan, Bolton, Timothy, Bonesini, Maurizio, Boyd, Steve, Brandt, Andrew, Breedon, Richard, Bromberg, Carl, Brown, Ralph, Brunetti, Giullia, Buchanan, Norman, Bugg, Bill, Busenitz, Jerome, Calligarich, E., Camilleri, Leslie, Carminati, Giada, Carr, Rachel, Castromonte, Cesar, Cavanna, Flavio, Centro, Sandro, Chen, Alex, Chen, Hucheng, Chen, Kai, Cherdack, Daniel, Chi, Cheng-Yi, Childress, Sam, Choudhary, Brajesh Chandra, Christodoulou, Georgios, Christofferson, Cabot-Ann, Church, Eric, Cline, David, Coan, Thomas, Cocco, Alfredo, Coelho, Joao, Coleman, Stephen, Conrad, Janet M., Convery, Mark, Corey, Robert, Corwin, Luke, Cranshaw, Jack, Cronin-Hennessy, Daniel, Curioni, A., da Motta, Helio, Davenne, Tristan, Davies, Gavin S., Dazeley, Steven, De, Kaushik, de Gouvea, Andre, de Jong, Jeffrey K., Demuth, David, Densham, Chris, Diwan, Milind, Djurcic, Zelimir, Dolfini, R., Dolph, Jeffrey, Drake, Gary, Dye, Stephen, Dyuang, Hongue, Edmunds, Daniel, Elliott, Steven, Elnimr, Muhammad, Eno, Sarah, Enomoto, Sanshiro, Escobar, Carlos O., Evans, Justin, Falcone, A., Falk, Lisa, Farbin, Amir, Farnese, Christian, Fava, Angela, Felde, John, Fernandes, S., Ferroni, Fernando, Feyzi, Farshid, Fields, Laura, Finch, Alex, Fitton, Mike, Fleming, Bonnie, Fowler, Jack, Fox, Walt, Friedland, Alex, Fuess, Stu, Fujikawa, Brian, Gallagher, Hugh, Gandhi, Raj, Garvey, Gerald, Gehman, Victor M., de Geronimo, Gianluigi, Gibin, Daniele, Gill, Ronald, Gomes, Ricardo A., Goodman, Maury C., Goon, Jason, Graf, Nicholas, Graham, Mathew, Gran, Rik, Grant, Christopher, Grant, Nick, Greenlee, Herbert, Greenler, Leland, Grullon, Sean, Guardincerri, Elena, Guarino, Victor, Guarnaccia, Evan, Guedes, Germano, Guenette, Roxanne, Guglielmi, Alberto, Guzzo, Marcelo M., Habig, Alec T., Hackenburg, Robert W., Hadavand, Haleh, Hahn, Alan, Haigh, Martin, Haines, Todd, Handler, Thomas, Hans, Sunej, Hartnell, Jeff, Harton, John, Hatcher, Robert, Hatzikoutelis, Athans, Hays, Steven, Hazen, Eric, Headley, Mike, Heavey, Anne, Heeger, Karsten, Heise, Jaret, Hellauer, Robert, Hewes, V, Himmel, Alexander, Hogan, Matthew, Holanda, Pedro, Holin, Anna, Horton-Smith, Glenn, Howell, Joe, Hurh, Patrick, Huston, Joey, Hylen, James, Imlay, Richard, Insler, Jonathan, Introzzi, G., Isvan, Zeynep, Jackson, Chris, Jacobsen, John, Jaffe, David E., James, Cat, Jen, Chun-Min, Johnson, Marvin, Johnson, Randy, Johnson, Robert, Johnson, Scott, Johnston, William, Johnstone, John, Jones, Ben J. P., Jostlein, H., Junk, Thomas, Kadel, Richard, Kaess, Karl, Karagiorgi, Georgia, Kaspar, Jarek, Katori, Teppei, Kayser, Boris, Kearns, Edward, Keener, Paul, Kemp, Ernesto, Kettell, Steve H., Kirby, Mike, Klein, Joshua, Koizumi, Gordon, Kopp, Sacha, Kormos, Laura, Kropp, William, Kudryavtsev, Vitaly A., Kumar, Ashok, Kumar, Jason, Kutter, Thomas, La Zia, Franco, Lande, Kenneth, Lane, Charles, Lang, Karol, Lanni, Francesco, Lanza, Richard, Latorre, Tony, Learned, John, Lee, David, Lee, Kevin, Li, Qizhong, Li, Shaorui, Li, Yichen, Li, Zepeng, Libo, Jiang, Linden, Steve, Ling, Jiajie, Link, Jonathan, Littenberg, Laurence, Liu, Hu, Liu, Qiuguang, Liu, Tiankuan, Losecco, John, Louis, William, Lundberg, Byron, Lundin, Tracy, Lundy, Jay, Machado, Ana Amelia, Maesano, Cara, Magill, Steve, Mahler, George, Malon, David, Malys, Stephen, Mammoliti, Francesco, Mandal, Samit Kumar, Mann, Anthony, Mantsch, Paul, Marchionni, Alberto, Marciano, William, Mariani, Camillo, Maricic, Jelena, Marino, Alysia, Marshak, Marvin, Marshall, John, Matsuno, Shiegenobu, Mauger, Christopher, Mavrokoridis, Konstantinos, Mayer, Nate, McCauley, Neil, McCluskey, Elaine, McDonald, Kirk, McFarland, Kevin, McKee, David, McKeown, Robert, McTaggart, Robert, Mehdiyev, Rashid, Mei, Dongming, Menegolli, A., Meng, Guang, Meng, Yixiong, Mertins, David, Messier, Mark, Metcalf, William, Milincic, Radovan, Miller, William, Mills, Geoff, Mishra, Sanjib R., Mokhov, Nikolai, Montanari, Claudio, Montanari, David, Moore, Craig, Morfin, Jorge, Morgan, Ben, Morse, William, Moss, Zander, Moura, Célio A., Mufson, Stuart, Muller, David, Musser, Jim, Naples, Donna, Napolitano, Jim, Newcomer, Mitch, Nichol, Ryan, Nicholls, Tim, Niner, Evan, Norris, Barry, Nowak, Jaroslaw, O'Keeffe, Helen, Oliveira, Roberto, Olson, Travis, Page, Brian, Pakvasa, Sandip, Palamara, Ornella, Paley, Jon, Paolone, Vittorio, Papadimitriou, Vaia, Park, Seongtae, Parsa, Zohreh, Partyka, Kinga, Paulos, Bob, Pavlovic, Zarko, Peeters, Simon, Perch, Andy, Perkin, Jon D., Petti, Roberto, Petukhov, Andre, Pietropaolo, Francesco, Plunkett, Robert, Polly, Chris, Pordes, Stephen, Potekhin, Maxim, Potenza, Renato, Prakash, Arati, Prokofiev, Oleg, Qian, Xin, Raaf, Jennifer L., Radeka, Veljko, Rakhno, Igor, Ramachers, Yorck, Rameika, Regina, Ramsey, John, Rappoldi, A., Raselli, G. L., Ratoff, Peter, Ravindra, Shreyas, Rebel, Brian, Reichenbacher, Juergen, Reitzner, Dianne, Rescia, Sergio, Richardson, Martin, Rielage, Kieth, Riesselmann, Kurt, Robinson, Matt, Rochester, Leon, Ronquest, Michael, Rosen, Marc, Rossella, M., Rubbia, Carlo, Rucinski, Russ, Sahijpal, Sandeep, Sahoo, Himansu, Sala, Paola, Salmiera, Delia, Samios, Nicholas, Sanchez, Mayly, Scaramelli, Alberto, Schellman, Heidi, Schmitt, Richard, Schmitz, David, Schneps, Jack, Scholberg, Kate, Segreto, Ettore, Seibert, Stanley, Sexton-Kennedy, Liz, Shaevitz, Mike, Shanahan, Peter, Sharma, Rahul, Shaw, Terri, Simos, Nikolaos, Singh, Venktesh, Sinnis, Gus, Sippach, William, Skwarnicki, Tomasz, Smy, Michael, Sobel, Henry, Soderberg, Mitch, Sondericker, John, Sondheim, Walter, Sousa, Alexandre, Spooner, Neil J. C., Stancari, Michelle, Stancu, Ion, Stefan, Dorota, Stefanik, Andy, Stewart, James, Stone, Sheldon, Strait, James, Strait, Matthew, Striganov, Sergei, Sullivan, Gregory, Sun, Yujing, Suter, Louise, Svenson, Andrew, Svoboda, Robert, Szczerbinska, Barbara, Szelc, Andrzej, Szydagis, Matthew, Söldner-Rembold, Stefan, Talaga, Richard, Tamsett, Matthew, Tariq, Salman, Tayloe, Rex, Taylor, Charles, Taylor, David, Teymourian, Artin, Themann, Harry, Thiesse, Matthew, Thomas, Jenny, Thompson, Lee F., Thomson, Mark, Thorn, Craig, Thorpe, Matt, Tian, Xinchun, Tiedt, Doug, Toki, Walter, Tolich, Nikolai, Torti, M., Toups, Matt, Touramanis, Christos, Tripathi, Mani, Tropin, Igor, Tsai, Yun-Tse, Tull, Craig, Tzanov, Martin, Urheim, Jon, Usman, Shawn, Vagins, Mark, Valdiviesso, Gustavo, Van Berg, Rick, Van de Water, Richard, Van Gemmeren, Peter, Varanini, Filippo, Varner, Gary, Vaziri, Kamran, Velev, Gueorgui, Ventura, Sandro, Vignoli, Chiara, Viren, Brett, Wahl, Dan, Waldron, Abby, Walter, Christopher W., Wang, Hanguo, Wang, Wei, Warburton, Karl, Warner, David, Wasserman, Ryan, Watson, Blake, Weber, Alfons, Wei, Wenzhao, Wells, Douglas, Wetstein, Matthew, White, Andy, White, Hywel, Whitehead, Lisa, Whittington, Denver, Willhite, Joshua, Wilson, Robert J., Winslow, Lindley, Wood, Kevin, Worcester, Elizabeth, Worcester, Matthew, Xin, Tian, Yarritu, Kevin, Ye, Jingbo, Yeh, Minfang, Yu, Bo, Yu, Jae, Yuan, Tianlu, Zani, A., Zeller, Geralyn P., Zhang, Chao, Zimmerman, Eric D., and Zwaska, Robert

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in Lead, South Dakota, is approximately 1,300 km from the neutrino source at Fermilab -- a distance (baseline) that delivers optimal sensitivity to neutrino charge-parity symmetry violation and mass ordering effects. This ambitious yet cost-effective design incorporates scalability and flexibility and can accommodate a variety of upgrades and contributions. With its exceptional combination of experimental configuration, technical capabilities, and potential for transformative discoveries, LBNE promises to be a vital facility for the field of particle physics worldwide, providing physicists from around the globe with opportunities to collaborate in a twenty to thirty year program of exciting science. In this document we provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess., Comment: Major update of previous version. This is the reference document for LBNE science program and current status. Chapters 1, 3, and 9 provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess. 288 pages, 116 figures

Published
2013

23. Project X: Physics Opportunities

Author

Kronfeld, Andreas S., Tschirhart, Robert S., Al-Binni, Usama, Altmannshofer, Wolfgang, Ankenbrandt, Charles, Babu, Kaladi, Banerjee, Sunanda, Bass, Matthew, Batell, Brian, Baxter, David V., Berezhiani, Zurab, Bergevin, Marc, Bernstein, Robert, Bhattacharya, Sudeb, Bishai, Mary, Blum, Thomas, Bogacz, S. Alex, Brice, Stephen J., Brod, Joachim, Bross, Alan, Buchoff, Michael, Burgess, Thomas W., Carena, Marcela, Castellanos, Luis A., Chattopadhyay, Subhasis, Chen, Mu-Chun, Cherdack, Daniel, Christ, Norman H., Chupp, Tim, Cirigliano, Vincenzo, Coloma, Pilar, Coppola, Christopher E., Cowsik, Ramanath, Crabtree, J. Allen, de Gouvêa, André, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, deNiverville, Patrick, Dharmapalan, Ranjan, Diefenthaler, Markus, Dolgov, Alexander, Dvali, Georgi, Eichten, Estia, Engelfried, Jürgen, Ferguson, Phillip D., Gabriel, Tony, Gal, Avraham, Gallmeier, Franz, Ganezer, Kenneth S., Gardner, Susan, Glenzinski, Douglas, Godfrey, Stephen, Golubeva, Elena S., Gori, Stefania, Graves, Van B., Greene, Geoffrey, Griffard, Cory L., Haisch, Ulrich, Handler, Thomas, Hartfiel, Brandon, Hatzikoutelis, Athanasios, Hawari, Ayman, Heilbronn, Lawrence, Hill, James E., Huber, Patrick, Jaffe, David E., Jiang, Xiaodong, Johnson, Christian, Kamyshkov, Yuri, Kaplan, Daniel M., Kerbikov, Boris, Kiburg, Brendan, Kirk, Harold G., Klein, Andreas, Knoepfel, Kyle, Kopeliovich, Boris, Kopeliovich, Vladimir, Kopp, Joachim, Korsch, Wolfgang, Kribs, Graham, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Chen-Yu, Lorenzon, Wolfgang, Lu, Zheng-Tian, Makins, Naomi C. R., McKeen, David, Mills, Geoffrey, Mocko, Michael, Mohapatra, Rabindra, Mokhov, Nikolai V., Muhrer, Guenter, Mumm, Pieter, Neuffer, David, Okun, Lev, Palmer, Mark A., Palmer, Robert, Pattie Jr., Robert W., Phillips II, David G., Pitts, Kevin, Pospelov, Maxim, Pronskikh, Vitaly S., Quigg, Chris, Ramberg, Erik, Ray, Amlan, Reimer, Paul E., Richards, David G., Ritz, Adam, Roy, Amit, Ruggles, Arthur, Ryne, Robert, Sarkar, Utpal, Saunders, Andy, Semertzidis, Yannis K., Serebrov, Anatoly, Shimizu, Hirohiko, Shrock, Robert, Sikdar, Arindam K., Snopok, Pavel V., Snow, William M., Soha, Aria, Spanier, Stefan, Striganov, Sergei, Tang, Zhaowen, Townsend, Lawrence, Urheim, Jon, Vainshtein, Arkady, Van de Water, Richard, Van de Water, Ruth S., Van Kooten, Richard J., Wehring, Bernard, Wester III, William C., Whitehead, Lisa, Wilson, Robert J., Worcester, Elizabeth, Young, Albert R., and Zeller, Geralyn

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Lattice, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

Part 2 of "Project X: Accelerator Reference Design, Physics Opportunities, Broader Impacts". In this Part, we outline the particle-physics program that can be achieved with Project X, a staged superconducting linac for intensity-frontier particle physics. Topics include neutrino physics, kaon physics, muon physics, electric dipole moments, neutron-antineutron oscillations, new light particles, hadron structure, hadron spectroscopy, and lattice-QCD calculations. Part 1 is available as arXiv:1306.5022 [physics.acc-ph] and Part 3 is available as arXiv:1306.5024 [physics.acc-ph]., Comment: 209 pp. with many figures; prepared in part for the DPF Community Summer Study; v2 corrects typos (including one author surname), adds an author, and conforms with the version being printed; v3 includes two more chapter authors in full list at the top

Published
2013

25. Forward Modeling of 3-D Ion Properties in Jupiter's Magnetosphere Using Juno/JADE-I Data.

Author

Jian-zhao Wang, Bagenal, Fran, Wilson, Robert J., Nerney, Edward, Crary, Frank, Dols, Vincent, Ebert, Rob W., Valek, Phil W., Allegrini, Frederic, Kim, Thomas K., and Szalay, Jamey R.

Subjects
MAGNETOSPHERE, JUPITER (Planet), HEAVY ions, ION migration & velocity, FLOW velocity, COHEN'S kappa coefficient (Statistics)
Abstract

The Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment Ion sensor (JADE-I) on NASA's Juno mission provides in-situ measurements of ions from 0.1 to 46.2 keV/q inside Jupiter's magnetosphere. JADE-I is used to study the plasma with two types of datasets from the same measurement: Time-of-flight (TOF) and SPECIES. The TOF dataset provides mass-per-charge measurements with a range of 1-64 amu/q but oversamples particles over 6π steradian viewing per spacecraft spin and has little directional information. On the other hand, the SPECIES dataset can provide a good measurement of the flow direction but does not provide mass-per-charge information due to the telemetry limit. In this study, we developed a 2-step forward modeling method that combines the advantages and avoids the disadvantages of TOF and SPECIES data to derive the 3-D properties of heavy ions. Assuming that the ion velocity distribution can be described with the kappa distribution, we first perform the forward model fit of the TOF data to calculate the relative abundance of heavy ion species. Then we fix the relative abundance and perform the second forward model fit on the SPECIES data. Using this method, we obtain the densities of different heavy ions, the shared temperature and kappa value, and the 3-D flow velocity vector. Some data examples of the equatorial plasma disk before Perijove 24 are included to demonstrate the method. Plasma properties can then be mapped to explore spatial and temporal variabilities in Jupiter's magnetosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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26. The gamma-ray giant flare from SGR1806-20: Evidence for crustal cracking via initial timescales

Author

Schwartz, Steven J., Zane, Silvia, Wilson, Robert J., Pijpers, Frank P., Moore, Daniel R., Kataria, D. O., Horbury, Timothy S., Fazakerley, Andrew N., and Cargill, Peter J.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We report here on serendipitous observations of the intense gamma-ray flare from SGR 1806-20 that occured on 27 December 2004. Unique data from the Cluster and Double Star-2 satellites, designed to study the Earth's magnetosphere, provide the first observational evidence of three separate timescales within the early (first 100ms) phases of this class of events. These observations reveal that, in addition to the initial very steep (<0.25ms) X-ray onset, there is firstly a 4.9ms exponential rise timescale followed by a continued exponential rise in intensity on a timescale of 70ms. These three timescales are a prominent feature of current theoretical models including the timescale (several ms) for fracture propagation in the crust of the neutron star., Comment: 10 pages including 2 figures Ap J Letters in press, May 2005

Published
2005
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29. Nanosensor dosimetry of mouse blood proteins after exposure to ionizing radiation.

Author

Kim, Dokyoon, Marchetti, Francesco, Chen, Zuxiong, Zaric, Sasa, Wilson, Robert J, Hall, Drew A, Gaster, Richard S, Lee, Jung-Rok, Wang, Junyi, Osterfeld, Sebastian J, Yu, Heng, White, Robert M, Blakely, William F, Peterson, Leif E, Bhatnagar, Sandhya, Mannion, Brandon, Tseng, Serena, Roth, Kristen, Coleman, Matthew, Snijders, Antoine M, Wyrobek, Andrew J, and Wang, Shan X

Subjects
Animals, Mice, Serum Amyloid A Protein, Blood Proteins, Membrane Proteins, Reproducibility of Results, Biosensing Techniques, Radiometry, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Nanotechnology, Radiation, Ionizing, Time Factors, Female, Male, Biomarkers, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Ionizing, Vaccine Related, Prevention, Biodefense, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Other Physical Sciences
Abstract

Giant magnetoresistive (GMR) nanosensors provide a novel approach for measuring protein concentrations in blood for medical diagnosis. Using an in vivo mouse radiation model, we developed protocols for measuring Flt3 ligand (Flt3lg) and serum amyloid A1 (Saa1) in small amounts of blood collected during the first week after X-ray exposures of sham, 0.1, 1, 2, 3, or 6 Gy. Flt3lg concentrations showed excellent dose discrimination at ≥ 1 Gy in the time window of 1 to 7 days after exposure except 1 Gy at day 7. Saa1 dose response was limited to the first two days after exposure. A multiplex assay with both proteins showed improved dose classification accuracy. Our magneto-nanosensor assay demonstrates the dose and time responses, low-dose sensitivity, small volume requirements, and rapid speed that have important advantages in radiation triage biodosimetry.

Published
2013

36. Characteristics of Policy and Procedures Governing Student Evaluation.

Author

Wilson, Robert J. and Rees, Ruth

Abstract

Policies and procedures for student achievement within a provincial system are described and compared to a theoretical model of systemwide policy devolution. Student evaluation activity is examined at the following levels: province, district, school, department, and classroom. Methodology involves analysis of documents from four elementary and four secondary schools in two British Columbian districts, one urban and one rural, and interviews with representatives from each educational level. Similarities between current policies and the devolution model are provision of general policy direction and the generation of policies and procedures unique to each level. However, findings indicate a lack of policy statements based on an evaluation philosophy and an emphasis on reporting achievement results. A conclusion is that student and program evaluation is difficult in situations where standardized reporting formats of comparable achievement are entrenched and mandated. This situation creates a discrepancy between the goal of individual learning and the policies and procedures devised and enforced to report that learning. Three statistical tables are included. (2 references) (LMI)

Published
1990

41. Looking Backward, Looking Forward: MLA Members Speak

Author

Alliston, April, Ammons, Elizabeth, Arnold, Jean, Baym, Nina, Beckett, Sandra L., Beidler, Peter G., Berger, Roger A., Bermann, Sandra, Wilson, J. J., Boone, Troy, Booth, Alison, Booth, Wayne C., Phelan, James, Borroff, Marie, Hassan, Ihab, Bowen, Zack, Weisstein, Ulrich, Campbell, Jill, Campion, Dan, Caplan, Jay, Charney, Maurice, Clark, Beverly Lyon, Colby, Robert A., Coleman,, Thomas C., Cooley, Nicole, Dellamora, Richard, Dickstein, Morris, Dixon, Terrell, Elliott, Emory, Emerson, Caryl, Engar, Ann W., Engle, Lars, Hammermeister, Kai, Feltes, N. N., Ferguson, Mary Anne, Finch, Annie, Fishkin, Shelley Fisher, Flieger, Jerry Aline, Friedman, Norman, Garland-Thomson, Rosemarie, Gilbert, Sandra M., Grobman, Laurie, Guida, George, Gumpel, Liselotte, Gupta, R. K., Howe, Florence, Jrade, Cathy L., Kaye, Richard A., Winton, Calhoun, Krieger, Murray, Langbaum, Robert, Lanham, Richard A., Lindemann, Marilee, Lützeler, Paul Michael, Lynn, Thomas J., MacCannell, Juliet Flower, Massé, Michelle A., Massey, Irving, May, Georges, Hallstein, Christian W., May, Gita, McDiarmid, Lucy, Messer-Davidow, Ellen, Mitchell, Koritha, Smiles, Robin, Albeny, Kenyatta, Monteiro, George, Myerson, Joel, Nadel, Alan, Nichols, Ashton, Nishimura, Jeffrey, Oxenhandler, Neal, Palumbo-Liu, David, Pecora, Vincent P., Porter, David, Potter, Nancy, Rosbottom, Ronald C., Rivers, Elias L., Strasser, Gerhard F., Styan, J. L., Totten, Gary, van Leer, David, Varadharajan, Asha, Willis, Sharon, Wright, Louise E., Yates, Donald A., Yokota-Murakami, Takayuki, Zeikowitz, Richard E., Bammer, Angelika, Bauer, Dale, Beckson, Karl, Bowen, Betsy A., Donohue, Stacey, Emerson, Sheila, Foster, Gwendolyn Audrey, Halio, Jay L., Kroeber, Karl, Hawkes, Terence, Hunter, William B., Jacobus, Mary, King, Willard F., Miller, Nancy K., Norton, Jody, Pellegrini, Ann, Rosenbaum, S. P., Roth, Lorie, Scholes, Robert, Shattock, Joanne, VanArsdel, Rosemary T., Bendixen, Alfred, Brown, Alanna Kathleen, Kiskis, Michael J., Castillo, Debra A., Chow, Rey, Crossen, John F., Fleissner, Robert F., Gagnier, Regenia, Howe, Nicholas, Inge, M. Thomas, Mehring, Frank, Park, Hyungji, Ramazani, Jahan, Roemer, Kenneth M., Rogers, Deborah D., Schwartz, Regina M., Shawcross, John T., Silver, Brenda R., von Hendy, Andrew, Wexman, Virginia Wright, Zangen, Britta, Aldridge, A. Owen, Backscheider, Paula R., Bartel, Roland, Birnbaum, Milton, Bishop, Jonathan, Downing, Crystal, Ellis, Frank H., Forns-Broggi, Roberto, Giles, James R., Giles, Mary E., Green, Susan Blair, Gutwirth, Madelyn, Hieatt, Constance B., Adepitan, Titi, Knowlton,, Edgar C., Mussman, Emanuel, Nelson, Sally Todd, Preyer, Robert O., Rodriguez, David Diego, Stern, Guy, Thorpe, James, Wilson, Robert J., Beal, Rebecca S., Simutis, Joyce, Bowden, Betsy, Cooper, Sara, Dixon, Wheeler Winston, el Ariss, Tarek, Jewell, Richard, Kronik, John W., Martin, Wendy, McDougal, Stuart Y., Méndez-Ramírez, Hugo, Schweitzer, Ivy, Singer, Armand E., Tanselle, G. Thomas, Bishop, Tom, Caws, Mary Ann, Gutwirth, Marcel, Ippolito, Christophe, Kritzman, Lawrence D., Longenbach, James, McCracken, Tim, Molitor, Wolfe S., Quantic, Diane, Rabassa, Gregory, Tsagaris, Ellen M., Yu, Anthony C., Craige, Betty Jean, Harris, Wendell V., Miller, J. Hillis, Swan, Jesse G., Zimmer-Loew, Helene, Berek, Peter, Chandler, James, Charney, Hanna K., Cohen, Philip, Fetterley, Judith, Lindenberger, Herbert, Lupton, Julia Reinhard, Novak, Maximillian E., Ohmann, Richard, Perloff, Marjorie, Reynolds, Mark, Sledd, James, Turner, Harriet, Umeh, Marie, Alaya, Flavia, Barreca, Regina, Bieber, Konrad, Hanson, Ellis, Hyde, William J., Laird, Holly A., Leverenz, David, Michie, Allen, Miller, J. Wesley, Rosenberg, Marvin, Schwarz, Daniel R., Trahan, Elizabeth Welt, and Yellin, Jean Fagan

Published
2000
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44. Using high‑resolution LiDAR‑derived canopy structure and topography to characterise hibernaculum locations of the hazel dormouse

Author

People’s Trust for Endangered Species, Gubert, Leonardo, Mathews, Fiona, McDonald, Robbie, Wilson, Robert J., Foppen, Ruud P.B., Lemmers, Pim, La Haye, Maurice, Bennie, Jonathan, People’s Trust for Endangered Species, Gubert, Leonardo, Mathews, Fiona, McDonald, Robbie, Wilson, Robert J., Foppen, Ruud P.B., Lemmers, Pim, La Haye, Maurice, and Bennie, Jonathan

Abstract

The hazel dormouse is predominantly an arboreal species that moves down to the ground to hibernate in the autumn in temperate parts of its distributional ranges at locations not yet well understood. The main objective of this study is to test whether environmental characteristics surrounding hazel dormouse hibernacula can be identifed using high-resolution remote sensing and data collected in situ. To achieve this, remotely sensed variables, including canopy height and cover, topographic slope, sky view, solar radiation and cold air drainage, were modelled around 83 dormouse hibernacula in England (n=62) and the Netherlands (n=21), and environmental characteristics that may be favoured by pre-hibernating dormice were identifed. Data on leaf litter depth, temperature, canopy cover and distance to the nearest tree were collected in situ and analysed at hibernaculum locations in England. The fndings indicated that remotely sensed data were efective in identifying attributes surrounding the locations of dormouse hibernacula and when compared to in situ information, provided more conclusive results. This study suggests that remotely sensed topographic slope, canopy height and sky view have an infuence on hazel dormice choosing suitable locations to hibernate; whilst in situ data suggested that average daily mean temperature at the hibernaculum may also have an efect. Remote sensing proved capable of identifying localised environmental characteristics in the wider landscape that may be important for hibernating dormice. This study proposes that this method can provide a novel progression from habitat modelling to conservation management for the hazel dormouse, as well as other species using habitats where topography and vegetation structure infuence fne-resolution favourability.

Published
2023

45. Landscape-scale dynamics of a threatened species respond to local-scale conservation management

Author

Natural Environment Research Council (UK), Jones, Rachel, Bourn, Nigel A.D., Maclean, Ilya M.D., Wilson, Robert J., Natural Environment Research Council (UK), Jones, Rachel, Bourn, Nigel A.D., Maclean, Ilya M.D., and Wilson, Robert J.

Abstract

Landscape-scale approaches are increasingly advocated for species conservation but ensuring landscape level persistence by enlarging the size of patches or increasing their physical connectivity is often impractical. Here, we test how such barriers can be overcome by management of habitat at the local (site-based) level, using a rare butterfly as an exemplar. We used four surveys of the entire UK distribution of the Lulworth skipper Thymelicus acteon over 40 years to test how local habitat influences population density and colonization/extinction dynamics, and parameterized, validated and applied a metapopulation model to simulate effects of varying local habitat quality on regional persistence. We found the total number of populations in four distribution snapshots between 1978 and 2017 varied between 59 and 84, and from 1997 to 2017 34% of local populations showed turnover (colonization or extinction). Population density was closely linked to vegetation characteristics indicative of management, namely height and food plant frequency, both of which changed through time. Simulating effects of habitat quality on metapopulation dynamics 40 years into the future suggests coordinated changes to two key components of quality (vegetation height and food plant frequency) would increase patch occupancy above the range observed in the past 40 years (50–80%). In contrast, deterioration of either component below threshold levels leads to metapopulation retraction to core sub-networks of patches, or eventual extirpation. Our results indicate that changes to habitat quality can overcome constraints imposed by habitat patch area and spatial location on relative rates of colonization and local extinction, demonstrating the sensitivity of regional dynamics to targeted in situ management. Local habitat management therefore plays a key role in landscape-scale conservation. Monitoring of population density, and the monitoring and management of local (site-level) habitat quality, there

Published
2023

46. Modelling the scope to conserve an endemic-rich mountain butterfly taxon in a changing climate

Author

Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Romo, H., García-Barros, E., Wilson, Robert J., Mateo, R.G., Munguira, M.L., Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Romo, H., García-Barros, E., Wilson, Robert J., Mateo, R.G., and Munguira, M.L.

Abstract

Taxa restricted to mountains may be vulnerable to global warming, unless localscale topographic variation and conservation actions can protect them against expected changes to the climate. We tested how climate change will affect the 19 mountain-restricted Erebia species of the Iberian Peninsula, of which 7 are endemic. To examine the scope for local topographic variation to protect against warming, we applied species distribution models (HadGEM2 and MPI) at two spatial scales (10 10 and 1 1 km) for two representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) in 2050 and 2070. We also superimposed current and future ranges on the protected area (PA) network to identify priority areas for adapting Erebia conservation to climate change. 4. In 10 10 km HadGEM2 models, climatically suitable areas for all species decreased in 2050 and 2070 (average 95.7%). Modelled decreases at 1 1 km were marginally less drastic (95.3%), and 14 out of 19 species were still expected to lose their entire climatically favourable range by 2070. The PA network is well located to conserve the species that are expected to retain some climatically suitable areas in 2070. However, we identify 25 separate 10 10 km squares where new PAs would help to adapt the network to expected range shifts or contractions by Erebia. Based on our results, adapting the conservation of range-restricted mountain taxa to projected climate change will require the implementation of complementary in situ and ex situ measures alongside urgent climate change mitigation.

Published
2023

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