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This research addresses the difficulty of critically engaging audiences in activist art and design, investigates ways to enhance opportunities for audience critical engagement and develops engagement strategies for art and design practitioners. This project aims to nurture direct involvement with social change by prompting reflection about injustice across three presentation sites: museums and galleries; public space; and social movement protests. The practice-led research has been carried out through sculpture, multi-media installations, public interventions, and protest actions. There are challenges to publicly presenting activist art and design, and the 'Duck and Dive, Bob and Weave' research strategy was developed as a means to negotiate these difficulties and to enhance opportunities for audience critical engagement. This strategy is about adaptability and agility and consists of responsive moves that evade or escape the difficulties of censorship, depoliticisation, privatisation, state oppression, and heterogeneous audiences by moving around, under, above and through them. In addition, moves across multiple sites enhanced opportunities for audience critical engagement by cultivating contested spaces, creating works that embody politics and injustice, temporarily intervening in public space, stoking debate, using chance encounters and legally occupying public space., Thesis (Professional Doctorate), Doctor of Visual Arts (DVA), Queensland College of Art, Arts, Education and Law, Full Text

FT (or S-8) jet fuel is a synthetic organic mixture produced using the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process that transforms natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons. Studies are being conducted to thoroughly evaluate the toxicity of FT jet fuel. First, an acute inhalation toxicity limit test was conducted; FT jet fuel with additives was administered via inhalation exposure to rats once for 4 hours at the maximum specified concentration (2000 mg/m3). No lethality or adverse clinical signs were demonstrated. In the second study, FT jet fuel, with JP-8 additive package, was administered as an aerosol and vapor mixture via repeated inhalation exposure to rats for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week over 2 weeks at concentrations of 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/m3. A slight but significant effect on bodyweight was observed in males exposed to the high (2000 mg/m3) concentration. In the nasal tissues at the intermediate (1000 mg/m3) and high (2000 mg/m3) concentrations, minimal to mild olfactory epithelial degeneration was observed, increasing with the higher concentration, and with deeper penetration into the nose. In the lung, foci of inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in all high and some intermediate concentration exposure group animals. FT jet fuel is similar to or less toxic than JP-8 in equivalent tests. In addition, micronucleus induction was tested; FT jet fuel does not induce micronuclei, indicating that the fuel is not genotoxic. A hydrocarbon fingerprint analysis of the aerosol and vapor phase of the delivered test fuel was performed.