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3. Perceptions of the impact of individual allergic rhinitis symptoms: A survey of ARIA clinical experts

Author

Asllani, Julijana, Douagui, Habib, Asayag, Estrella, Elizabeth, Castro Maria, Crisci, Carlos D., Gomez, René Maximiliano, Ivancevich, Juan Carlos, Jares, Edgardo, Máspero, Jorge Fernando, Moreno, Pablo, Neffen, Hugo Eduardo, Zernotti, Mario Emilio, Bosnic-Anticevich, Sinthia, Chahhoud Carson, Kristin, Cvetkovski, Biljana, Davies, Janet M., Kritikos, Vicky, O'Hehir, Robyn, Oliver, Brian, Tan, House Rachel, Tattersall, Jessica, Zubrinich, Celia, Aberer, Werner, Niederberger-Leppin, Verena, Pali-Schöll, Isabella, Doyen, Virginie, Ebo, Didier, Louis, Renaud, Rombaux, Philippe, Scheire, Sophie, Bennoor, Kazi, Barreto, Bruno A., Camargos, Paulo, Chong-Neto, Herberto Jose, Cruz, Alvaro A., da Silva, Jane, Marta, Guidacci, Rizzo, José Angelo, Rosario Filho, Nelson, Faradiba, Sarquis Serpa, Solé, Dirceu, Urrutia-Pereira, Marilyn, Christoff, George, Mariana, Mandazhieva-Pepelanova, Cvetanka, Odjakova, Popov, Todor A., Vicheva, Dilyana, Teixeira Maria, do Ceu, Bouchard, Jacques, Brozek, Jan, Chu, Derek K., Denburg, Judah, Eiwegger, Thomas, Keith, Paul K., To, Teresa, Waserman, Susan, Abusada, Nancy, Alvarez Cuesta, Emilio, Calvo-Gil, Mario A., Guzmán, Maria Antonieta, Pérez Gomez, Tamara, Wong Gary, Wing Kin, Zhang, Luo, Caraballo, Luis, Cepeda Sarabia, Alfonso, Nyembue, Dieudonné, Soto-Martinez, Manuel, Miculinic, Neven, Plavec, Davor, Pitsios, Constantinos, Yiallouros, Panayiotis, Panzner, Petr, Sova, Milan, Vachova, Martina, Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten, Dahl, Ronald, Malling, Hans-Jorgen, Münter, Lars, Poulsen, Lars K., Charlotte, Suppli Ulrik, Tannert, Line Kring, Mahboub, Bassam, Salameh, Laila, Cherrez-Ojeda, Ivan, Robles, de Guevara Karla, El-Owaidy, Rasha Hassan, El-Sayed, Zeinab A., El-Sayed, Shereen Saad, Hossny, Elham, Mostafa, Badr Eldin, Julge, Kaja, Billo, Nils Eric, Eklund, Patrik, Erhola, Marina, Haahtela, Tari, Karjalainen, Jussi, Makela, Mika, Toppila-Salmi, Sanna, Valovirta, Erkka, Vasankari, Tuula, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Bossé, Isabelle, Bourgoin-Heck, Melisande, Charpin, Denis, Coste, André, de Blay, Frédéric, Devillier, Philippe, Didier, Alain, Dinh-Xuan, Anh Tuan, Fontaine, Jean-François, Just, Jocelyne, Nadif, Rachel, Pham-Thi, Nhân, Pigearias, Bernard, Roche, Nicolas, Ganse Eric, Van, Chkhartishvili, Ekaterine, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Gotua, Maia, Becker, Sven, Bergmann, Karl-Christian, Bieber, Thomas, Brehler, Randolf, Buhl, Roland, Chaker, Adam M., Darsow, Ulf, Hamelmann, Eckard, Heinrich, Joachim, Keil, Thomas, Klimek, Ludger, Kolkhir, Pavel, Lau, Susanne, Maurer, Marcus, Mösges, Ralph, Neou, Angelos, Pfaar, Oliver, Ring, Johannes, Wagenmann, Martin, Zuberbier, Torsten, Ramanauskaite, Aiste, Lingnau, Anja, Christou, Demetrios, Neisinger, Sophia, Aggelidis, Xenophon, Constantinidis, Jannis, Dimou, Maria, Grigoreas, Christos, Kapsali, Trisevgeni, Katotomichelakis, Michael, Loukides, Stelios, Makris, Michael, Manousakis, Emmanouil, Mikos, Nikolaos, Pagkalos, Aris, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G., Papanikolaou, Vasileios, Paraskevopoulos, Giannis, Piskou, Konstantina, Prokopakis, Emmanuel, Psarros, Fotios, Samitas, Konstantinos, Stamataki, Sofia, Stefanaki Lina, Evangelia, Syrigou, Ekaterini, Tsiligianni, Ioanna, Vallianatou, Mina, Vourdas, Dimitrios, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Karavelia, Aspasia, Wai San Ko, Fanny, Wong, Gary, Hirschberg, Andor, Kraxner, Helga, Nekam, Kristof, Lane, Stephen, Rottem, Menachem, Artesani Maria, Cristina, Barbaglia, Simona, Beghé, Bianca, Bilo Maria, Beatrice, Boner, Attilio, Bonini, Matteo, Bonini, Sergio, Braido, Fulvio, Brussino, Luisa, Canonica, G Walter, Cecchi, Lorenzo, Ciprandi, Giorgio, Compalati, Enrico, D'Amato, Gennaro, De Feo, Giulia, Del Giacco, Stefano, Fiocchi, Alessandro, Heffler, Enrico, Lombardi, Carlo, Monti, Riccardo, Muraro, Antonella, Nettis, Eustachio, Nicola, Stefania, Passalacqua, Giovanni, Patella, Vincenzo, Puggioni, Francesca, Rolla, Giovanni, Romano, Antonino, Scichilone, Nicola, Triggiani, Massimo, Ventura Maria, Teresa, Viegi, Giovanni, Boccabella, Cristina, Giovannini, Mattia, Mahesh Padukudru, Anand, Iinuma, Tomohisa, Ohta, Ken, Okamoto, Yoshitaka, Okubo, Kimihiro, Pawankar, Ruby, Sakurai, Daiju, Suzukawa, Maho, Yamaguchi, Masao, Ispayeva, Zhanat, Chang, Yoon-Seok, Park, Hae-Sim, Al-Ahmad, Mona, Cirule, Ieva, Grisle, Ineta, Irani, Carla, Rouadi, Philip, Zaitoun, Fares, Dubakiene, Ruta, Emuzyte, Regina, Kvedariene, Violeta, Gradauskiene, Brigita, Valiulis, Arunas, Ollert, Markus, Hannachi, Farah, Dokic, Dejan, Abdul Latiff, Amir Hamzah, Abdullah, Baharudin, Palaniappan, S.P., Woo, Kent, Montefort, Stephen, Bedolla Barajas, Martín, Costa Domínguez, María del Carmen, Espinoza Contreras, Jesús Guillermo, Fuentes Pèrez, Jose Miguel, Gálvez Romero, José Luis, García Cruz, María de la Luz Hortensia, González Diaz, Sandra, Huerta Villalobos, Yunuen Rocío, Larenas-Linnemann, Désiree E., Luna-Pech, Jorge Agustin, Matta Campos, Juan José, Rivero Yeverino, Daniela, Rodríguez González, Mónica, Rodríguez Zagal, Eréndira, Lkhagvaa, Battur, Mavale-Manuel, Sandra, Nunes Elizabete, Abrantes, Chavannes, Niels, Fokkens, Wytske J., Koppelman, Gerard, Maitland-van der Zee, Anke-Hilse, Reitsma, Sietze, Chandrasekharan, Ramanathan, Yusuf, Osman, Repka-Ramirez, Maria Susana, Sisul, Juan Carlos, Gereda, José E., Recto, Marysia T., Bialek, Slawomir, Bialoszewski, Artur, Chelminska, Marta, Gawlik, Radoslaw, Jassem, Ewa, Jutel, Marek, Kuna, Piotr, Kupczyk, Maciej, Moniuszko, Marcin, Niedoszytko, Marek, Raciborski, Filip, Romantowski, Jan, Samolinski, Boleslaw, Specjalski, Krzysztof, Carreiro Martins, Pedro, Correia de Sousa, Jaime, Costa, Elisio, Fonseca, Joao A., Lourenço, Olga, Morais-Almeida, Mario, Pereira Ana, Margarida, Regateiro, Frederico, Robalo Cordeiro, Carlos, Rosado Pinto, Jose, Sousa-Pinto, Bernardo, Taborda Barata, Luis, Todo-Bom, Ana Maria, Vieira Rafael, José, Carvalho, Daniela, Al-Nesf, Maryam Ali, Agache, Ioana, Berghea Elena, Camelia, Bumbacea, Roxana, Deleanu, Diana, Mihaltan, Florin, Panaitescu Bunu, Carmen, Khaitov, Musa, Namazova-Baranova, Leyla, Vishneva, Elena, Alshaikh Nada, Ali, Dimic-Janjic, Sanja, Milenkovic, Branislava, Wang, De Yun, Hrubiško, Martin, Edelbaher, Natalija, Jošt, Maja, Kopac, Peter, Košnik, Mitja, Lalek, Nika, Poplas Susic, Antonija, Rozman Sinur, Irma, Soklic Košak, Tanja, Triller, Nadja, Triller, Katja, Urbancic, Jure, Zidarn, Mihaela, Levin, Michael, Potter, Paul, Zar, Heather, Alobid, Isam, Anto, Aram, Bartra, Joan, Bobolea, Irina, Campo, Paloma, Cardona, Vicky, Carriazo Ana, Maria, Castillo Vizuete, José Antonio, Chivato, Tomas, Davila Gonzalez, Ignacio Jesus, Mullol, Joaquim, Nieto Garcia, Antonio, Picado, César, Quirce, Santiago, Sastre, Joaquin, de las Vecillas, Leticia, Benson, Mikael, Kull, Inger, van Hage, Marianne, Wickman, Magnus, Khaltaev, Nikolai, Mohammad, Yousser, Tantilipikorn, Pongsakorn, Vichyanond, Pakit, Cingi, Cemal, Gemicioglu, Bilun, Goksel, Ozlem, Kalayci, Omer, Kalyoncu, Ali Fuat, Meço, Cem, Vardaloglu, Koyuncu Ilgim, Yorgancioglu, Arzu, Karabacak, Deniz Eyice, Kirenga, Bruce, Adcock, Ian Michael, Arshad, Hasan S., Bewick, Mike, Bond, Christine, Brightling, Christopher, Bush, Andrew, Calderon, Moïses, Chung, Kian Fan, Custovic, Adnan, Djukanovic, Ratko, Durham, Stephen, Farrell, John, Halpin, David, Hyland, Michael, Johnston, Sebastian, Lipworth, Brian, Nakonechna, Alla, Price, David, Roberts, Graham, Ryan, Dermot, Schwarze, Jürgen, Sheikh, Aziz, Shields, Mike, Walker, Samantha, Williams, Sian, Kaidashev, Igor, Kurchenko, Andrii Igorevich, Tsaryk, Vladyslav, Bernstein, David, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Casale, Thomas B., Chinthrajah, Sharon, Dykewicz, Mark, Marshall, Gailen D., Meltzer, Eli O., Naclerio, Robert M., Togias, Alkis, Toskala, Elina, Wallace, Dana, Williams, Dennis M., Yawn, Barbara, Caballero-Fonseca, Fernan, Le Thi Tuyet, Lan, Vu, Tran Thien Quan, Gil-Mata, Sara, Teixeira, Tatiana, Bedbrook, Anna, Bousquet, Jean, and Vieira, Rafael José

Published
2024
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4. Intranasal Versus Oral Treatments for Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Author

Neves, Ana Luísa, Pereira, Ana Margarida, Bedbrook, Anna, Valiulis, Arunas, Jacomelli, Cristina, Azzolini, Elena, Parmelli, Elena, Canonica, Giorgio Walter, Zuberbier, Jaron, Vecillas, Leticia de las, Gilles, Louis, Leemann, Lucas, Klimek, Ludger, Ventura, Maria Teresa, Savoure, Marine, Dykewicz, Mark, Hofmann-Apitius, Martin, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos, Lourenço, Olga, Salmi, Sanna K., Williams, Sian, Palamarchuk, Yuliia, Torres, Maria Inês, Gil-Mata, Sara, Bognanni, Antonio, Ferreira-da-Silva, Renato, Yepes-Nuñez, Juan José, Lourenço-Silva, Nuno, Cardoso-Fernandes, António, Ferreira, André, Ferreira-Cardoso, Henrique, Portela, Diana, Teles, João, Kvedariene, Violeta, Torres, María Jose, Pfaar, Oliver, Brussino, Luisa, Zuberbier, Torsten, Fonseca, João A., Schünemann, Holger, Bousquet, Jean, Sousa-Pinto, Bernardo, and Vieira, Rafael José

Published
2024
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5. Concepts for the Development of Person-Centered, Digitally Enabled, Artificial Intelligence–Assisted ARIA Care Pathways (ARIA 2024)

Author

Bousquet, Jean, Schünemann, Holger J., Sousa-Pinto, Bernardo, Zuberbier, Torsten, Togias, Alkis, Samolinski, Boleslaw, Bedbrook, Anna, Czarlewski, Wienczyslawa, Hofmann-Apitius, Martin, Litynska, Justyna, Vieira, Rafael José, Anto, Josep M., Fonseca, Joao A., Brozek, Jan, Bognanni, Antonio, Brussino, Luisa, Canonica, G. Walter, Cherrez-Ojeda, Ivan, Cruz, Alvaro A., Vecillas, Leticia de las, Dykewicz, Mark, Gemicioglu, Bilun, Giovannini, Mattia, Haahtela, Tari, Jacobs, Marc, Jacomelli, Cristina, Klimek, Ludger, Kvedariene, Violeta, Larenas-Linnemann, Desiree E., Louis, Gilles, Lourenço, Olga, Leemann, Lucas, Morais-Almeida, Mario, Neves, Ana Luisa, Nadeau, Kari C., Nowak, Artur, Palamarchuk, Yuliia, Palkonen, Susanna, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G., Parmelli, Elena, Pereira, Ana Margarida, Pfaar, Oliver, Regateiro, Frederico S., Savouré, Marine, Taborda-Barata, Luis, Toppila-Salmi, Sanna K., Torres, Maria J., Valiulis, Arunas, Ventura, Maria Teresa, Williams, Sian, Yepes-Nuñez, Juan J., Yorgancioglu, Arzu, Zhang, Luo, Zuberbier, Jaron, Abdul Latiff, Amir Hamzah, Abdullah, Baharudin, Agache, Ioana, Al-Ahmad, Mona, Al-Nesf, Maryam Ali, Al Shaikh, Nada A., Amaral, Rita, Ansotegui, Ignacio J., Asllani, Julijana, Balotro-Torres, Maria Cristina, Bergmann, Karl-Christian, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten, Blaiss, Michael S., Bonaglia, Cristina, Bonini, Matteo, Bossé, Isabelle, Braido, Fulvio, Caballero-Fonseca, Fernan, Camargos, Paulo, Carreiro-Martins, Pedro, Casale, Thomas, Castillo-Vizuete, José-Antonio, Cecchi, Lorenzo, Teixeira, Maria do Ceu, Chang, Yoon-Seok, Loureiro, Claudia Chaves, Christoff, George, Ciprandi, Giorgio, Cirule, Ieva, Correia-de-Sousa, Jaime, Costa, Elisio M., Cvetkovski, Biljana, de Vries, Govert, Del Giacco, Stefano, Devillier, Philippe, Dokic, Dejan, Douagui, Habib, Durham, Stephen R., Enecilla, Maria Lourdes, Fiocchi, Alessandro, Fokkens, Wytske J., Fontaine, Jean-François, Gawlik, Radoslaw, Gereda, Jose E., Gil-Mata, Sara, Giuliano, Antonio F.M., Gotua, Maia, Gradauskiene, Brigita, Guzman, Maria Antonieta, Hossny, Elham, Hrubiško, Martin, Iinuma, Tomohisa, Irani, Carla, Ispayeva, Zhanat, Ivancevich, Juan Carlos, Jartti, Tuomas, Jeseňák, Miloš, Julge, Kaja, Jutel, Marek, Kaidashev, Igor, Bennoor, Kazi S., Khaltaev, Nicolai, Kirenga, Bruce, Kraxner, Helga, Kull, Inger, Kulus, Marek, Kuna, Piotr, Kupczyk, Maciej, Kurchenko, Andriy, La Grutta, Stefania, Lane, Stephen, Miculinic, Neven, Lee, Sang Min, Le Thi Tuyet, Lan, Lkhagvaa, Battur, Louis, Renaud, Mahboub, Bassam, Makela, Mika, Makris, Michael, Maurer, Marcus, Melén, Eric, Milenkovic, Branislava, Mohammad, Yousser, Moniuszko, Marcin, Montefort, Stephen, Moreira, Andre, Moreno, Pablo, Mullol, Joaquim, Nadif, Rachel, Nakonechna, Alla, Navarro-Locsin, Cecilia Gretchen, Neffen, Hugo E., Nekam, Kristof, Niedoszytko, Marek, Nunes, Elizabete, Nyembue, Dieudonné, O’Hehir, Robyn, Ollert, Markus, Ohta, Ken, Okamoto, Yoshitaka, Okubo, Kimihiro, Olze, Heidi, Padukudru, Mahesh Anand, Palomares, Oscar, Pali-Schöll, Isabella, Panzner, Petr, Palosuo, Kati, Park, Hae S., Passalacqua, Giovanni, Patella, Vincenzo, Pawankar, Ruby, Pétré, Benoît, Pitsios, Constantinos, Plavec, Davor, Popov, Todor A., Puggioni, Francesca, Quirce, Santiago, Raciborski, Filip, Ramonaité, Agné, Recto, Marysia, Repka-Ramirez, Susana, Roberts, Graham, Robles-Velasco, Karla, Roche, Nicolas, Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Monica, Romualdez, Joel A., Rottem, Menachem, Rouadi, Philip W., Salapatas, Marianella, Sastre, Joaquin, Serpa, Faradiba S., Sayah, Zineb, Scichilone, Nicola, Senna, Gianenrico, Sisul, Juan Carlos, Solé, Dirceu, Soto-Martinez, Manuel E., Sova, Milan, Sozinova, Olga, Stevanovic, Katarina, Ulrik, Charlotte Suppli, Szylling, Anna, Tan, Frances M., Tantilipikorn, Pongsakorn, Todo-Bom, Ana, Tomic-Spiric, Vesna, Tsaryk, Vladyslav, Tsiligianni, Ioanna, Urrutia-Pereira, Marilyn, Rostan, Marylin Valentin, Sofiev, Mikhail, Valovirta, Erkka, Van Eerd, Michiel, Van Ganse, Eric, Vasankari, Tuula, Vichyanond, Pakit, Viegi, Giovanni, Wallace, Dana, Wang, De Yun, Waserman, Susan, Wong, Gary, Worm, Margitta, Yusuf, Osman M., Zaitoun, Fares, and Zidarn, Mihaela

Published
2024
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6. Sexual Cultures in University: An Arts-Based Intervention

Author

Lambert, Cath, Williams, Sian, and Douglas, Roxanne

Abstract

Universities are increasingly recognized as spaces and cultures where gendered and sexualized harassment is endemic. This article pays close attention to the manifestations of sexualized behaviours in a campus university in the UK, examining some of the ways in which formations of masculinity are encouraged and reproduced through university structures, processes and aesthetics. The discussion draws on data generated by a creative project utilizing film-based materials as a prompt for collaborative reflections. Bringing together staff and students from across the university in a creative space enabled diverse experiences to be shared and produced rich and detailed insights across disciplinary and generational differences. The paper argues that such creative interventions are a vital form of feminist pedagogy offering a powerful resource for future work in this increasingly urgent field of study.

Published
2023
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7. Let’s prevent diabetes: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial of an educational intervention in a multi-ethnic UK population with screen detected impaired glucose regulation

Author

Gray Laura J, Khunti Kamlesh, Williams Sian, Goldby Stephanie, Troughton Jacqui, Yates Thomas, Gray Alastair, and Davies Melanie J

Subjects
Type 2 diabetes, Prevention, Impaired glucose regulation, Cluster randomised controlled trial, Screening, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background The prevention of type 2 diabetes is a globally recognised health care priority, but there is a lack of rigorous research investigating optimal methods of translating diabetes prevention programmes, based on the promotion of a healthy lifestyle, into routine primary care. The aim of the study is to establish whether a pragmatic structured education programme targeting lifestyle and behaviour change in conjunction with motivational maintenance via the telephone can reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes in people with impaired glucose regulation (a composite of impaired glucose tolerance and/or impaired fasting glucose) identified through a validated risk score screening programme in primary care. Design Cluster randomised controlled trial undertaken at the level of primary care practices. Follow-up will be conducted at 12, 24 and 36 months. The primary outcome is the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Secondary outcomes include changes in HbA1c, blood glucose levels, cardiovascular risk, the presence of the Metabolic Syndrome and the cost-effectiveness of the intervention. Methods The study consists of screening and intervention phases within 44 general practices coordinated from a single academic research centre. Those at high risk of impaired glucose regulation or type 2 diabetes are identified using a risk score and invited for screening using a 75 g-oral glucose tolerance test. Those with screen detected impaired glucose regulation will be invited to take part in the trial. Practices will be randomised to standard care or the intensive arm. Participants from intensive arm practices will receive a structured education programme with motivational maintenance via the telephone and annual refresher sessions. The study will run from 2009–2014. Discussion This study will provide new evidence surrounding the long-term effectiveness of a diabetes prevention programme conducted within routine primary care in the United Kingdom. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00677937

Published
2012
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8. Mindfulness for the self-management of negative coping, rumination and fears of compassion in people with cancer : a mixed methods feasibility study

Author

Williams, Sian

Subjects
BF Psychology
Abstract

Background: The psychological impact of living with and beyond cancer can be considerable. Evaluations of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) suggest beneficial effects in anxiety, depression and distress in those with the disease. However, there is little research into whether a cancer-specific MBI helps with the self-management of negative coping, rumination and fears of compassion. Aims: Exploring the perceived impact of a tailored, mindfulness-based intervention on coping, ruminating and fears of compassion in those with cancer, by examining inter and intra-individual change in a mixed-methods, sequential explanatory design. Methods: A single group, non-experimental, repeated measures study of 22 participants across six cancer care centres investigated the efficacy of an eight-week Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Cancer (MBCT-Ca) course. The Reliable Change Index (RCI) examined significant improvement, deterioration, or no change in individuals on the Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale (MACS), the Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) and the Fears of Compassion Scale (FCS). Qualitative interviews with ten participants were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Results: Results suggest a significant decrease in negative adjustment to cancer, depressive, and brooding rumination (ranges: p < 0.001 to p < 0.05, t = - 2.65 to 6.71, d = 0.3 - 0.5) and fears of compassion towards the self (p < .05, z = -2.019, d = 0.4) post-MBI. There was a strong relationship between fearing self-compassion, accepting it or showing it to others (p < .001), and ruminative thinking (p < .001). Most participants (n = 18) reported significant positive change in at least one measure, however many acknowledged that both compassion and mindfulness can be challenging in the face of cancer. Discussion: Findings indicate that the MBCT-Ca programme can significantly reduce negative coping, ruminating and fears of self-compassion, potentially improving psychological health and wellbeing in cancer survivors. Implications The psycho-social benefits of a disease-specific MBI can be wide-ranging. However, established protocols, experienced teachers and an understanding of the complexity of emotions in the context of cancer, are crucial to its efficacy.

Published
2021

13. Deep-learning-based markerless tracking of distal anatomical landmarks in clinically recorded videos for assessing infant movement patterns associated with neurodevelopmental status.

Author

Abbasi, Hamid, Mollet, Sarah R., Williams, Sian A., Battin, Malcolm R., Besier, Thor F., and McMorland, Angus J. C.

Subjects
MOTION capture (Human mechanics), IMAGE processing, CEREBRAL palsy, DISEASE progression, INFANTS
Abstract

Abnormal patterns in infants' General Movements (GMs) are robust clinical indicators for the progression of neurodevelopmental disorders, including cerebral palsy. Availability of automated platforms for General Movements Assessments (GMA) could improve screening rate and allow identifying at-risk infants. While we have previously shown that deep-learning schemes can accurately track the longitudinal axes of infant limb movements (12 anatomical locations, 3 per limb), information about the distal limb segments' rotational movements is important for making an accurate clinical assessment, but has not previously been captured. Here we show that training schemes that are highly successful at tracking trunk and proximal limb landmarks perform less well for the distal limb landmarks, and this problem is exacerbated when landmarks are more precisely defined in the training-set to capture rotational movements. Increasing the sample size to 26 videos using a mixture of laboratory and clinical data pre-selected for diversity of pose and video conditions in a ResNet-152 deep-net model was sufficient to permit accuracy of >85% for the distal markers, and overall accuracy of 98.28% (SD 2.29) across the 24 landmarks. This scheme is suitable to form the basis of an infant pose reconstruction algorithm that captures clinically relevant information for an automated GMA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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14. Assessing links between vegetation and dust emission using Earth observation data

Author

Williams, Sian Rhiannon, Brindley, Helen, and Prentice, Iain Colin

Subjects
551.51
Abstract

Mineral dust aerosol is a key component of the Earth system, affecting the planet's radiative balance, weather and biogeochemistry as well as having a significant impact on human health and economic well-being. Despite its importance, it is currently poorly represented in global climate models. As a consequence, predicting future dust loading and any associated physical processes is hampered by a high level of uncertainty. A significant factor underpinning the poor representation of dust in models arises from a lack of understanding of the processes that govern its emission at the resolution of these models. In this thesis, a new global dataset of dust emission is derived using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Deep Blue Collection 6 aerosol dataset. Robust thresholding is applied to the dataset in order to distinguish dust at uplift from aged dust and other aerosols. Threshold values are determined through a global statistical analysis of manned observations of dust at uplift. The resulting dataset compares well to other remotely sensed dust uplift datasets. Controls on dust emission are examined by incorporating the new dust emission dataset in a generalised linear model. Candidate predictor variables that have been suggested to play a controlling role in dust emission are regridded to a common monthly 0.5 degree grid for this purpose. For the first time, a global statistical model is used to confirm and quantify a number of expected relationships between vegetation and climate variables and dust uplift frequency. Other quantities often used in the parameterisation of dust emission, such as the presence of pans, are not found to play a key role in suppressing dust emission at the scale of the study. The detection of dust aerosol often relies on its direct radiative effect in the longwave, a characteristic considered unique among aerosols emitted from the land surface. This assumption is interrogated in this thesis through the examination of a longwave signal from a biomass burning plume in Southern Africa. A series of sensitivity studies using a radiative transfer model are performed to establish that a dust component is not required to replicate the signal. The longwave direct radiative efficiency of the pure biomass burning aerosol case tested here is found to have a value of 4.53Wm-2 per unit aerosol optical depth. The longwave direct effect of biomass burning aerosol in the longwave has possible implications for the understanding of the aerosols's impact on climate and suggests further measurements of the optical properties in the longwave are required.

Published
2017
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15. "If you're kind to me, I'll be kind to you" : compassion to self and others as a dynamic and relational process among young people who have engaged in harmful sexual behaviour : a grounded theory

Author

Williams, Sian

Subjects
362.19689, BF Psychology, H Social Sciences (General)
Abstract

The past decade has seen increasing research interest in compassion to self and others, both as a construct and a likely precipitant of psychological wellbeing. A growing literature base suggests that psychotherapeutic interventions aimed at increasing self-compassion can help to alleviate negative effects often associated with shame and self-criticism. Compassion-focused interventions have subsequently been proposed for populations likely to experience heightened shame. Despite the interest in this area, only limited research has attempted to explore how compassion is understood and experienced among varying populations. Research that has been undertaken has tended to adopt quantitative approaches, utilising self-report measures validated with well-educated, often academic, populations. There is clearly a need for the construct of compassion to be explored with other populations, particularly those who may be disadvantaged and/or at risk of heightened levels of shame. One such population is young people who have come to the attention of services for engaging in harmful sexual behaviour (HSB). This research therefore intended to fill this gap and extend the existing literature base on compassion by employing a qualitative approach. Nine young people (8 males, 1 female) aged 14-18, who were receiving input from youth offending services for HSB, were recruited for this research. Each participant took part in a one-off interview where they were asked about their understanding and experiences of compassion to and from self and others. Adopting a Constructivist Grounded Theory methodology, data were analysed through an iterative process of constant comparison, leading to the construction of a substantive theoretical model grounded in the data. The resultant model explicates the dynamic and relational process of compassion to self and others experienced by young people who have engaged in HSB. The model is considered in relation to existing literature and implications for clinical practice are discussed, along with directions for future research.

Published
2017

17. Artificial Intelligence–Supported Development of Health Guideline Questions.

Author

Sousa-Pinto, Bernardo, Vieira, Rafael José, Marques-Cruz, Manuel, Bognanni, Antonio, Gil-Mata, Sara, Jankin, Slava, Amaro, Joana, Pinheiro, Liliane, Mota, Marta, Giovannini, Mattia, de las Vecillas, Leticia, Pereira, Ana Margarida, Lityńska, Justyna, Samolinski, Boleslaw, Bernstein, Jonathan, Dykewicz, Mark, Hofmann-Apitius, Martin, Jacobs, Marc, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos, and Williams, Sian

Subjects
LANGUAGE models, ALLERGIC rhinitis, RESEARCH personnel, ELECTRONIC information resource searching, ARIA
Abstract

Evidence-based health guidelines should address questions that patients have. Current practice is that the questions driving guidelines are proposed by expert panels. In this article, authors studied how 2 alternative approaches, supported by large language models, could augment the usual approach to identify additional patient-centered questions. Background: Guideline questions are typically proposed by experts. Objective: To assess how large language models (LLMs) can support the development of guideline questions, providing insights on approaches and lessons learned. Design: Two approaches for guideline question generation were assessed: 1) identification of questions conveyed by online search queries and 2) direct generation of guideline questions by LLMs. For the former, the researchers retrieved popular queries on allergic rhinitis using Google Trends (GT) and identified those conveying questions using both manual and LLM-based methods. They then manually structured as guideline questions the queries that conveyed relevant questions. For the second approach, they tasked an LLM with proposing guideline questions, assuming the role of either a patient or a clinician. Setting: Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) 2024 guidelines. Participants: None. Measurements: Frequency of relevant questions generated. Results: The authors retrieved 3975 unique queries using GT. From these, they identified 37 questions, of which 22 had not been previously posed by guideline panel members and 2 were eventually prioritized by the panel. Direct interactions with LLMs resulted in the generation of 22 unique relevant questions (11 not previously suggested by panel members), and 4 were eventually prioritized by the panel. In total, 6 of 39 final questions prioritized for the 2024 ARIA guidelines were not initially thought of by the panel. The researchers provide a set of practical insights on the implementation of their approaches based on the lessons learned. Limitation: Single case study (ARIA guidelines). Conclusion: Approaches using LLMs can support the development of guideline questions, complementing traditional methods and potentially augmenting questions prioritized by guideline panels. Primary Funding Source: Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. Caffaeliad plant ifanc dwyieithog o’r system ateb yn y Gymraeg

Author

Lloyd-Williams, Sian Wynn and Thomas, Enlli

Subjects
372.65
Abstract

Pwrpas yr ymchwil hwn oedd mesur dealltwriaeth plant dwyieithog rhwng 7;7 a 11;9 mlwydd oed o’r system ateb yn y Gymraeg. Mae nifer o ymchwilwyr wedi adnabod pwysigrwydd amlygiad ieithyddol digonol i’r broses o gaffael iaith ac o gaffael strwythurau cymhleth yn enwedig (e.e., Gathercole a Thomas, 2005). Gobeithir y bydd y gwaith hwn yn cyfrannu at ein dealltwriaeth o bwysigrwydd amlygiad digonol wrth gaffael dwy iaith ac y bydd yn cyfrannu at y drafodaeth sy’n edrych ar lunio strategaethau addysgol priodol fyddai’n cynorthwyo plant wrth geisio dysgu systemau cymhleth. Mae i’r system ateb amryw o nodweddion gwahanol sy’n cynnwys elfennau adlesiol lle adleisir y ferf gryno (e.e., Wyt ti’n hoffi coffi? Bod.2U.PRES lle ymatebir gyda’r ffurf Ydw Bod.1U.PRES), yn ogystal â ffurfiau di-adlais lle mae’n bosib i ffurf gystrawennol y frawddeg fod yn giw (e.e., Ai ti bia’r bêl yne? lle yr ymatebir gyda’r ffurf ymatebol Ie). Er fod yr amrywiadau hyn yn awgrymu fod y system yn un cymhleth ar yr olwg gyntaf, mae iddi hefyd nifer o reolau cyson (neu giwiau). Crëwyd 3 o dasgau newydd i 134 o blant o dri chefndir ieithyddol gwahanol: Un ai Cymraeg, Saesneg neu Gymraeg a Saesneg yn y cartref. Roedd y profion hyn yn cynnwys prawf barnu ar lafar a phrofion cynhyrchu ar lafar ac yn ysgrifenedig. Awgryma’r canlyniadau fod amlder y mewnbwn a thryloywder unrhyw eitem phenodol yn hollbwysig, gyda’r plant o gartrefi Cymraeg yn sgorio’n uwch na’r grwpiau eraill ar bron bob eitem ar gyfartaledd. Cyfranna’r ymchwil hwn at ein dealltwriaeth o bwysigrwydd amlder y mewnbwn, ciwiau cystrawennol, a’r angen i adnabod rheolau wrth gaffael strwythurau penodol. Yn unol â’r datganiad hwn, mae i’r canlyniadau yma oblygiadau tu hwnt i’r system hon, ac thu hwnt i’r iaith Gymraeg, a trafodir goblygiadau addysgol posib y canlyniadau a’r ystyriaeth sydd angen ei roi i ymchwil pellach.

Published
2016

21. IL-17–high asthma with features of a psoriasis immunophenotype

Author

Adcock, I.M., Ahmed, H., Auffray, C., Bakke, P., Bansal, A.T., Baribaud, F., Bates, S., Bel, E.H., Bigler, J., Bisgaard, H., Boedigheimer, M.J., Bønnelykke, K., Brandsma, J., Brinkman, P., Bucchioni, E., Burg, D., Bush, A., Caruso, M., Chaiboonchoe, A., Chanez, P., Chung, K.F., Compton, C.H., Corfield, J., D'Amico, A., Dahlen, S.E., De Meulder, B., Djukanovic, R., Erpenbeck, V.J., Erzen, D., Fichtner, K., Fitch, N., Fleming, L.J., Formaggio, E., Fowler, S.J., Frey, U., Gahlemann, M., Geiser, T., Guo, Y., Hashimoto, S., Haughney, J., Hedlin, G., Hekking, P.W., Higenbottam, T., Hohlfeld, J.M., Holweg, C., Horváth, I., Howarth, P., James, A.J., Knowles, R., Knox, A.J., Krug, N., Lefaudeux, D., Loza, M.J., Lutter, R., Manta, A., Masefield, S., Mazein, A., Meiser, A., Middelveld, R.J.M., Miralpeix, M., Montuschi, P., Mores, N., Murray, C.S., Musial, J., Myles, D., Pahus, L., Pandis, I., Pavlidis, S., Powell, P., Praticò, G., Rao, M. Puig N., Riley, J., Roberts, A., Roberts, G., Rowe, A., Sandström, T., Seibold, W., Selby, A., Shaw, D.E., Sigmund, R., Singer, F., Skipp, P.J., Sousa, A.R., Sterk, P.J., Sun, K., Thornton, B., van Aalderen, W.M., van Geest, M., Vestbo, J., Vissing, N.H., Wagener, A.H., Wagers, S.S., Weiszhart, Z., Wheelock, C.E., Wilson, S.J., Aliprantis, Antonios, Allen, David, Alving, Kjell, Badorrek, P., Balgoma, David, Ballereau, S., Barber, Clair, Batuwitage, Manohara Kanangana, Bautmans, A., Bedding, A., Behndig, A.F., Beleta, Jorge, Berglind, A., Berton, A., Bochenek, Grazyna, Braun, Armin, Campagna, D., Carayannopoulos, Leon, Casaulta, C., Chaleckis, Romanas, Dahlén, B., Davison, imothy, De Alba, Jorge, De Lepeleire, Inge, Dekker, Tamara, Delin, Ingrid, Dennison, P., Dijkhuis, Annemiek, Dodson, Paul, Draper, Aleksandra, Dyson, K., Edwards, Jessica, El Hadjam, L., Emma, Rosalia, Ericsson, Magnus, Faulenbach, C., Flood, Breda, Galffy, G., Gallart, Hector, Garissi, D., Gent, J., Gerhardsson de Verdier, M., Gibeon, D., Gomez, Cristina, Gove, Kerry, Gozzard, Neil, Guillmant-Farry, E., Henriksson, E., Hewitt, Lorraine, Hoda, U., Hu, Richard, Hu, Sile, Hu, X., Jeyasingham, E., Johnson, K., Jullian, N., Kamphuis, Juliette, Kennington, Erika J., Kerry, Dyson, Kerry, G., Klüglich, M., Knobel, Hugo, Kolmert, Johan, Konradsen, J.R., Kots, Maxim, Kretsos, Kosmas, Krueger, L., Kuo, Scott, Kupczyk, Maciej, Lambrecht, Bart, Lantz, A.-S., Larminie, Christopher, Larsson, L.X., Latzin, P., Lazarinis, N., Lemonnier, N., Lone-Latif, Saeeda, Lowe, L.A., Manta, Alexander, Marouzet, Lisa, Martin, Jane, Mathon, Caroline, McEvoy, L., Meah, Sally, Menzies-Gow, A., Metcalf, Leanne, Mikus, Maria, Monk, Philip, Naz, Shama, Nething, K., Nicholas, Ben, Nihlén, U., Nilsson, Peter, Niven, R., Nordlund, B., Nsubuga, S., Pacino, Antonio, Palkonen, Susanna, Pellet, J., Pennazza, Giorgio, Petrén, Anne, Pink, Sandy, Pison, C., Postle, Anthony, Rahman-Amin, Malayka, Ravanetti, Lara, Ray, Emma, Reinke, Stacey, Reynolds, Leanne, Riemann, K., Robberechts, Martine, Rocha, J.P., Rossios, C., Russell, Kirsty, Rutgers, Michael, Santini, G., Santoninco, Marco, Saqi, M., Schoelch, Corinna, Schofield, James P.R., Scott, S., Sehgal, N., Sjödin, Marcus, Smids, Barbara, Smith, Caroline, Smith, Jessica, Smith, Katherine M., Söderman, P., Sogbessan, A., Spycher, F., Staykova, Doroteya, Stephan, S., Stokholm, J., Strandberg, K., Sunther, M., Szentkereszty, M., Tamasi, L., Tariq, K., Thörngren, John-Olof, Thorsen, Jonathan, Valente, S., van de Pol, Marianne, van Drunen, C.M., Van Eyll, Jonathan, Versnel, Jenny, Vink, Anton, von Garnier, C., Vyas, A., Wald, Frans, Walker, Samantha, Ward, Jonathan, Wetzel, Kristiane, Wiegman, Coen, Williams, Siân, Yang, Xian, Yeyasingham, Elizabeth, Amgen, W. Yu, Zetterquist, W., Zolkipli, Z., Zwinderman, A.H., Östling, Jörgen, van Geest, Marleen, Jevnikar, Zala, Wilson, Susan, Lutter, Rene, Shaw, Dominick E., Bakke, Per S., Caruso, Massimo, Dahlen, Sven-Erik, Fowler, Stephen J., Horváth, Ildikó, Krug, Norbert, Montuschi, Paolo, Sanak, Marek, Sandström, Thomas, Sun, Kai, Pandis, Ioannis, Auffray, Charles, Sousa, Ana R., Guo, Yike, Adcock, Ian M., Howarth, Peter, Chung, Kian Fan, Bigler, Jeanette, Sterk, Peter J., Skipp, Paul J., Djukanović, Ratko, and Vaarala, Outi

Published
2019
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22. SHAPE AND FORM.

Author

WILLIAMS, SIAN

Subjects
CARVERS (Decorative artists), WOOD carving, WOODEN spoons, WOODWORK, ADULT education workshops
Abstract

The article profiles spoon carver Graham Beadle of Shropshire, England. A background is provide on how Beadle started carving, his training and the evolution of his woodwork. It discusses his approach to styling spoons depending on their use, as well as his commissioning of works and running of workshops to pass on his crafting skills which is part of the Wellbeing in Green Spaces project organized by the Oriel Davies Gallery in Newtown, Powys, Wales.

Published
2024

23. The Addition of Real-time Ultrasound Visual Feedback to Manual Facilitation Increases Serratus Anterior Activation in Adults With Painful Shoulders: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Author

McKenna, Leanda J., Bonnett, Luke, Panzich, Kelly, Lim, Jacinta, Hansen, Snorre K., Graves, Anna, Jacques, Angela, and Williams, Sian A.

Subjects
Testing, Care and treatment, Physiological aspects, Health aspects, Ultrasound imaging -- Testing, Shoulder pain -- Care and treatment, Biofeedback -- Testing, Shoulder muscles -- Health aspects -- Physiological aspects, Shoulder -- Muscles, Biofeedback training -- Testing
Abstract

Introduction Shoulder pain is a frequent musculoskeletal complaint, with an incident density as high as 17.3 per 1000 person-years. (1) As shoulder pain is costly, (2,3) recurrent, and chronic, (4) [...], Objective. Serratus anterior (SA) muscle activation may be decreased with subacromial pain syndrome. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the addition of real-time ultrasound (RTUS) visual feedback increased activation of SA in adults with painful shoulders in comparison to manual facilitation alone. Methods. This assessor-blinded, 2-period, randomized cross-over trial was conducted in a university medical imaging laboratory. Adults with mild-moderate unilateral subacromial pain received both interventions in random order with at least 1-week washout between interventions. Fourteen participants were randomized to receive manual facilitation with RTUS first, and 13 were randomized to receive manual facilitation alone first. Fifteen repetitions of a supine "serratus punch" were facilitated by RTUS visual feedback with manual facilitation or by manual facilitation alone. Levels of SA activation via surface electromyography were normalized to a maximum voluntary isometric contraction. Results. A total of 25 participants completed the full trial of both interventions. Data from 25 participant periods for RTUS with manual facilitation and data from 26 participant periods for manual facilitation only were analyzed. The predicted marginal mean difference between interventions was 55.5% (95% CI = 13.9% to 97.1%) in favor of the addition of RTUS feedback. No adverse effects occurred. Conclusion. RTUS visual feedback increases SA activation in adults with painful shoulders compared with manual facilitation alone. Impact. Determining if RTUS can improve SA muscle activation may help clinicians improve physical therapist interventions for subacromial pain syndrome. Keywords: Shoulder Pain, Meta-Analysis

Published
2021
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27. The Royal Navy in the Caribbean, 1756-1815

Author

Williams, Sian and Petley, Christer

Subjects
359.00941, DA Great Britain
Abstract

Intersecting the fields of naval, imperial and Caribbean history, this thesis examines the Royal Navy’s interactions with the inhabitants of the British Caribbean islands between 1756 and 1815. Traditional histories of the Royal Navy in the Caribbean have focused on operational matters, producing narratives that neglect examination of the navy as a socio-cultural force in the region. This thesis aims to address this imbalance by focusing on the navy as a unique social group with multiple roles, which was a constant presence in the Caribbean during a particularly turbulent period at the height of the sugar industry. In conjunction with Catherine Hall’s hypothesis that metropole and colony were ‘mutually constitutive’, the navy is placed at the centre of this study, as it was a powerful institution at the forefront of British imperialism that had a vested interest and connection to both the metropole and the Caribbean. It offers a new perspective that broadens our understanding of the navy and Caribbean society, as part of the wider Atlantic community. Through the often overlooked personal narratives found in correspondence, journals, sketchbooks, and published memoirs of naval observers, this thesis explores how naval seamen represented and reflected upon their experiences and encounters with inhabitants of the Caribbean, highlighting their widespread integration and impact on the region, which previous studies have undervalued. With overlapping themes that engage with debates on empire, nation and identity, it argues that the navy was more than just a protective force as naval seamen were instrumental in the changing social and cultural landscape of the Caribbean, impacting both elite and non-elite communities. In exploring the navy’s social prominence in the region, this thesis offers a textured view of both colonial society and the naval community.

Published
2014

28. Trying to get noticed

Author

Donaldson, Mataya, Hackston, Lachie, Li, Nikki, Scott, Tessa, Chhetri , Pranisha, Hector, Sylvia, and Williams, Sian

Published
2022

31. Why Do Children of the Caribbean Need Programmes of Early Childhood Education and Development?

Author

Williams, Sian

Abstract

This paper examines the needs of young children in the Caribbean region with an emphasis on early childhood development programs in addition to early childhood education. The paper maintains that the first 3 years of life are critical for brain development; parents and caregivers should be enabled to provide appropriate experiences, and children have a right to develop to their fullest potential. Early intervention prior to entering school has long-term effects, and the results of research in the United States and in Turkey are cited. The paper also points out the moral and social values connected with early childhood intervention, and the role of early intervention in helping children benefit from primary education. Additionally, a wealth of research points to links between improving the levels of schooling and economic productivity, especially by enabling increased labor force participation by women. The paper notes that early childhood education and development (ECED) reduces social, economic, and gender inequalities, and is especially important in Caribbean countries, where one-third of all children live in poverty and fall quickly and progressively behind more advantaged peers. Additionally, ECED may enhance social equity through improving boys' school preparation and improving expectations for girls' achievement. Early education and development can also provide a focus to mobilize poverty eradication efforts. The paper cites increased child survival rates, changing family structures and childrearing practices, rural-urban migration, growing participation of women in the labor force, the challenge to men to participate equally in nurturing and household contexts, and the relevance of schooling content and methodologies all as reasons for increased investment in ECED programs. (KB)

Published
1997

32. Plan of Action for Early Childhood Education and Development (ECED) in Caribbean Countries.

Author

Williams, Sian

Abstract

The draft Plan of Action for Early Childhood Education and Development (ECED) was prepared for consideration by country delegates and other participants at the 1997 Second Caribbean Conference on Early Childhood Education. The plan provides a framework for consideration of the issues involved in constructing a country policy and program for ECED. The plan also suggests timetables for planning in three phases: (1) organizational tasks and planning processes; (2) introduction of new service models and staff training; and (3) process of systematizing services and ensuring their sustainability. The plan is organized in a tabular fashion according to major issue, and delineates the current situation, constraints and opportunities, goals/targets, strategies/actions, and the responsible agent for the following elements of the plan: (1) legislate for services to children from birth to school entry, within national legislation for child as legal entity; (2) entitle the child from birth to school entry living in poverty to targeted resources; (3) ground public and parenting education in local cultures; (4) educate for parenthood before adulthood; (5) support the parent and the child in the year after a child's birth; (6) develop the child within the family in the years before preschool; (7) promote the child's learning and development in community preschool settings; (8) implement integrated approaches for ECED for children from birth to school entry; (9) designate budget allocation for ECED services and plan investment; and (10) improve quality in monitoring, evaluation, and training support in ECED. (KB)

Published
1997

33. From Belize to Barbados: Affording Children Their Rights from Birth.

Author

Williams, Sian

Abstract

This paper summarizes recommendations from and actions taken as a result of the 1996 Caribbean Conference on the Rights of the Child. It also presents the tasks for the Second Conference on Early Childhood Education in the Caribbean related to supporting Caribbean early childhood initiatives. Section 1 of the paper considers whether participating countries have the necessary legislation and planning capacity for early childhood initiatives, and notes the importance of taking a collaborative approach, defining responsibilities of parents and governments, providing national standards and guidelines, and developing planning capacity for early childhood education and development (ECED). Section 2 discusses main considerations in proposing legislation and planning in ECED, including considering a regional approach to mitigate the expense involved, making legislative links with other laws affecting young children or affecting the social and economic climate, developing planning capacity for very young children, and planning for social and economic supports. Section 3 describes current ECED provisions in Caribbean nations, notes the importance of grounding ECED services in local cultures, and creating a climate to promote ECED. Section 4 considers the issues in promoting ECED services, including supporting and raising consciousness about ECED in new parents, starting ECED intervention in the first year of life for a maximum benefit to the child, sustaining ECED supports to children and families before preschool, and prioritizing quality improvements in preschool services. Section 5 examines how ECED is currently being supported and sustained in the Caribbean, including using an integrated approach, designating budgets and planning ECED investment, and monitoring, evaluating, and training for ECED quality. (KB)

Published
1997

34. Defining High Quality ECED Provision. A Note and an Exercise.

Author

Williams, Sian

Abstract

This paper examines quality in providing early childhood education and development (ECED) services and presents an exercise to guide critical reflection on quality in ECED provision. It maintains that there has been a shift away from the study of children as solitary learners to the study of children learning in a social context. This research evidence has strengthened the advocacy for ECED provision to be more child-centered and less teacher-directed, more concerned with the child's context and culture, and more sensitive of the child's need for continuity. Early childhood education has been influenced by these challenges to curriculum and instructional methods. Both the focus on the child-centered approach and the increasing demands for quality have encouraged critical reflection on the quality of ECED service provision. A 5-step exercise can assist in defining quality: (1) apply a "bottom up perspective on quality" by considering the child's experiences from a child's point of view to reveal a value and belief base emphasizing children's self-esteem and competence development and active learning; (2) examine one's own values and beliefs to identify the assumptions related to a definition of quality; (3) determine parents' perceptions of their relationship with the teacher and their concerns regarding the program; (4) identify teacher/caregiver concerns; and (5) use the workshop process in the Coordinators' Notebook to bring stakeholders together to define quality indicators based on the responses to the previous questions. (Contains five references.) (KB)

Published
1997

37. Behaviour-based assessment of post-operative pain in laboratory mice

Author

Wright-Williams, Sian Louise

Subjects
591.5
Abstract

There are currently no practical objective measures for assessing the duration and intensity of post-operative pain in laboratory mice. There is a lack of specific behavioural indicators making pain detection and analgesic use difficult; however behavioural measures of pain are likely to be the most practicable for widespread application. The behaviour of mice undergoing laparotomy or vasectomy surgery was analysed to investigate the overall effects of surgery and presumably, unalleviated post-operative pain. Meloxicam and buprenorphine were administered to determine the effects of analgesic administration on the behaviour of mice following surgery. In addition to behavioural measures, faecal corticosterone levels were used to quantify the stress response to surgery. Abnormal behaviours were observed in mice that underwent surgery; these behaviours were either not seen, or occurred only in very low frequencies, in normal control animals. Normal behaviours such as digging and rearing were seen to decrease following surgery compared with controls. The observed abnormal behaviours were: writhe, belly press, flinch, twitch, and rear leg lift. The occurrence of these behaviours differed between surgery type and strain, but was generally lower in mice that had received analgesic treatment prior to surgery compared with untreated mice, although dose-dependent reductions were not observed. Faecal corticosterone levels increased following vasectomy surgery· compared with un-operated controls, and this rise was prevented by either a low dose of buprenorphine or a high dose ofmeloxicam. Behavioural pain assessment in mice is not straight-forward; the behaviours thought to be pain-related are subtle, mice display high levels of activity, and strain differences in the behavioural response to surgery have been demonstrated. The behavioural responses to analgesic treatment in mice that have undergone surgery vary; and it was not possible to establish whether this was because the drugs administered were not fully effective at the doses prescribed, or whether the behaviours observed are not useful for discriminating between drug and non-drug treated mice. It has been demonstrated here that behavioural changes do occur in mice following laparotomy and vasectomy surgery, and that these behaviours most probably indicate the presence of post-operative pain. Further work is needed to develop the behavioural changes identified into a practically applicable pain scoring system, but if this can be done it will improve the welfare in the vast number of mice used in biomedical research worldwide and present a significant refinement to the management of post-operative pain in laboratory mice.

Published
2008

38. Partnering Early to Provide for Infants At Risk of Cerebral palsy (PĒPI ARC): Protocol for a feasibility study of a regional hub for early detection of cerebral palsy in Aotearoa New Zealand

Author

Allermo Fletcher, Angelica, primary, Kilgour, Gaela, additional, Sandle, meghan, additional, Sheppard, Alison, additional, Swallow, Stephanie, additional, Stott, Ngaire Susan, additional, Battin, Malcolm, additional, Korent, Wyllis, additional, and Williams, Sian, additional

Published
2023
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40. Participate CP 2: optimising participation in physically active leisure for children with cerebral palsy – protocol for a phase III randomised controlled trial

Author

Sakzewski, Leanne, primary, Reedman, Sarah Elizabeth, additional, Elliott, Catherine, additional, Ziviani, Jenny, additional, Novak, Iona, additional, Trost, Stewart, additional, Majnemer, Annette, additional, Comans, Tracy, additional, Shikako, Keiko, additional, Ware, Robert S, additional, McNamara, Lynda, additional, Williams, Sian, additional, Keramat, Syed Afroz, additional, Brookes, Denise, additional, and Boyd, Roslyn N, additional

Published
2023
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41. New stereoselective approaches to highly substituted pyrrolidines

Author

Williams, Sian Margaret

Subjects
547
Abstract

In studies towards the synthesis of substituted pyrroles, the Knight group have adapted an aldol reaction, originally developed by Kazmaier, as a highly diastereoselective method for the synthesis of the cyclisation precursors. Both acetylenic and a,P-unsaturated aldehydes have been successfully utilised in this reaction to afford a variety of 0-hydioxy-a-amino ester precursors. This project centred around establishing the optimum conditions for the iodocyclisations of these precursors, and highly substituted pyrrolidines were obtained in the majority of cases. Also it was noted that these aldol adducts were structurally similar to Sphingosine, and via a series of selective reductions, a formal diastereoselective synthesis of Sphingosine was accomplished. In addition, silver-nitrate catalysed 5-endo-dig cyclisations were also applied towards the total synthesis of both Preussin and Codonor>sinine. Finally, studies were conducted to establish the selectivity of 5-exo-trig cyclisations in the synthesis of iodo-lactones, and using this methodology, the piperidine core of Pseiidodistomin was successfully synthesised. In studies towards the synthesis of substituted pyrroles, the Knight group have adapted an aldol reaction, originally developed by Kazmaier, as a highly diastereoselective method for the synthesis of the cyclisation precursors. Both acetylenic and a,P-unsaturated aldehydes have been successfully utilised in this reaction to afford a variety of 0-hydioxy-a-amino ester precursors. This project centred around establishing the optimum conditions for the iodocyclisations of these precursors, and highly substituted pyrrolidines were obtained in the majority of cases. Also it was noted that these aldol adducts were structurally similar to Sphingosine, and via a series of selective reductions, a formal diastereoselective synthesis of Sphingosine was accomplished. In addition, silver-nitrate catalysed 5-endo-dig cyclisations were also applied towards the total synthesis of both Preussin and Codonor>sinine. Finally, studies were conducted to establish the selectivity of 5-exo-trig cyclisations in the synthesis of iodo-lactones, and using this methodology, the piperidine core of Pseiidodistomin was successfully synthesised.

Published
2005

43. U-BIOPRED clinical adult asthma clusters linked to a subset of sputum omics

Author

Adriaens, Nora, Ahmed, Hassan, Aliprantis, Antonios, Alving, Kjell, Badorek, Philipp, Balgoma, David, Barber, Clair, Bautmans, An, Behndig, Annelie F., Bel, Elisabeth, Beleta, Jorge, Berglind, Ann, Berton, Alix, Bigler, Jeanette, Bisgaard, Hans, Bochenek, Grazyna, Boedigheimer, Michael J., Bøonnelykke, Klaus, Brandsma, Joost, Braun, Armin, Brinkman, Paul, Burg, Dominic, Campagna, Davide, Carayannopoulos, Leon, Carvalho da Purfição Rocha, João P., Chaiboonchoe, Amphun, Chaleckis, Romanas, Coleman, Courtney, Compton, Chris, D'Amico, Arnaldo, Dahlén, Barbro, De Alba, Jorge, de Boer, Pim, De Lepeleire, Inge, Dekker, Tamara, Delin, Ingrid, Dennison, Patrick, Dijkhuis, Annemiek, Draper, Aleksandra, Edwards, Jessica, Emma, Rosalia, Ericsson, Magnus, Erpenbeck, Veit, Erzen, Damijan, Faulenbach, Cornelia, Fichtner, Klaus, Fitch, Neil, Flood, Breda, Frey, Urs, Gahlemann, Martina, Galffy, Gabriella, Gallart, Hector, Garret, Trevor, Geiser, Thomas, Gent, Jilaiha, Gerhardsson de Verdier, Maria, Gibeon, David, Gomez, Cristina, Gove, Kerry, Gozzard, Neil, Guo, Yi-Ke, Hashimoto, Simone, Haughney, John, Hedlin, Gunilla, Hekking, Pieter-Paul, Henriksson, Elisabeth, Hewitt, Lorraine, Higgenbottam, Tim, Hoda, Uruj, Hohlfeld, Jans, Holweg, Cecile, Howarth, Peter, Hu, Richard, Hu, Sile, Hu, Xugang, Hudson, Val, James, Anna J., Kamphuis, Juliette, Kennington, Erika J., Kerry, Dyson, Klüglich, Matthias, Knobel, Hugo, Knowles, Richard, Knox, Alan, Kolmert, Johan, Konradsen, Jon, Kots, Maxim, Krueger, Linn, Kuo, Scott, Kupczyk, Maciej, Lambrecht, Bart, Lantz, Ann-Sofie, Larsson, Lars, Lazarinis, Nikos, Lone-Satif, Saeeda, Marouzet, Lisa, Martin, Jane, Masefield, Sarah, Mathon, Caroline, Matthews, John G., Mazein, Alexander, Meah, Sally, Maiser, Andrea, Menzies-Gow, Andrew, Metcalf, Leanne, Middelveld, Roelinde, Mikus, Maria, Miralpeix, Montse, Monk, Philips, Mores, Nadia, Murray, Clare S., Musial, Jacek, Myles, David, Naz, Shama, Nething, Katja, Nicholas, Ben, Nihlen, Ulf, Nilsson, Peter, Nordlund, Björn, Östling, Jörgen, Pacino, Antonio, Pahus, Laurie, Palkonnen, Susanna, Pavlidis, Stelios, Pennazza, Giorgio, Petrén, Anne, Pink, Sandy, Postle, Anthony, Powel, Pippa, Rahman-Amin, Malayka, Rao, Navin, Ravanetti, Lara, Ray, Emma, Reinke, Stacey, Reynolds, Leanne, Riemann, Kathrin, Riley, John, Robberechts, Martine, Roberts, Amanda, Rossios, Christos, Russell, Kirsty, Rutgers, Michael, Santini, Giuseppe, Sentoninco, Marco, Schoelch, Corinna, Schofield, James P.R., Seibold, Wolfgang, Sigmund, Ralf, Sjödin, Marcus, Skipp, Paul J., Smids, Barbara, Smith, Caroline, Smith, Jessica, Smith, Katherine M., Söderman, Päivi, Sogbesan, Adesimbo, Staykova, Doroteya, Strandberg, Karin, Sun, Kai, Supple, David, Szentkereszty, Marton, Tamasi, Lilla, Tariq, Kamran, Thörngren, John-Olof, Thornton, Bob, Thorsen, Jonathan, Valente, Salvatore, van Aalderenm, Wim, van de Pol, Marianne, van Drunen, Kees, van Geest, Marleen, Versnel, Jenny, Vestbo, Jorgen, Vink, Anton, Vissing, Nadja, von Garnier, Christophe, Wagerner, Arianne, Wagers, Scott, Wald, Frans, Walker, Samantha, Ward, Jonathan, Weiszhart, Zsoka, Wetzel, Kristiane, Wheelock, Craig E., Wiegman, Coen, Williams, Siân, Wilson, Susan J., Woosdcock, Ashley, Yang, Xian, Yeyashingham, Elizabeth, Yu, Wen, Zetterquist, Wilhelm, Zwinderman, Koos, Lefaudeux, Diane, De Meulder, Bertrand, Loza, Matthew J., Peffer, Nancy, Rowe, Anthony, Baribaud, Frédéric, Bansal, Aruna T., Lutter, Rene, Sousa, Ana R., Corfield, Julie, Pandis, Ioannis, Bakke, Per S., Caruso, Massimo, Chanez, Pascal, Dahlén, Sven-Erik, Fleming, Louise J., Fowler, Stephen J., Horvath, Ildiko, Krug, Norbert, Montuschi, Paolo, Sanak, Marek, Sandstrom, Thomas, Shaw, Dominic E., Singer, Florian, Sterk, Peter J., Roberts, Graham, Adcock, Ian M., Djukanovic, Ratko, Auffray, Charles, and Chung, Kian Fan

Published
2017
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46. Out of this world

Author

McCauley, Lauren, Harris, Elyssa, Williams, Sian, Sato, Hanaka, Righton, Caity, Lochrie, Maykala, Wong, Sebastian, Zhang, Barbara, Phillips, Lucy, Gordon, Ollie, Cuddihy, Benjamin, and Smith, Derrin

Published
2021

47. Don't let it be true!

Author

Turei, Atawhai, Scofield, Matilda, Aldersley, Isla, Johnston, Hannah, Williams, Sian, Ruiz, Carlos, and Hickman, Sam

Published
2021

49. Photochemistry and photophysics of anthracenes on silica gel

Author

Williams, Sian Lowri

Subjects
541.38, Electron transfer, Laser flash photolysis
Abstract

Studies have been carried out investigating the photochemical and photophysical properties of anthracene adsorbed on silica gel. The photochemistry and photo physics of anthracene in solution are well reported and known, hence its choice as a probe for the silica gel surface. UV -visible absorption and fluorescence spectra of anthracene adsorbed on silica gel reveal aggregate formation at very low loadings (1 % of a monolayer) indicating preferential adsorption occurs at some surface sites. Laser flash photolysis at 355 nm produces both the triplet and radical cation of anthracene, their production was found to be mono- and multi-photonic respectively. The decays of both these transients were complex and the rates increased with increasing loading. Analysis of the triplet state decay has been carried out by studying the delayed fluorescence which arises from triplet triplet annihilation. Fractal and twodimensional models have been used to describe this bimolecular decay. The coadsorption of anthracene and an electron donor having an oxidation potential below 1.09 V on silica gel causes electron transfer to occur from the electron donor to the anthracene radical cation produced following laser flash photolysis at 355 nm. Studies using a selection of electron donors with varying reduction potentials were carried out. The electron donor transfers an electron to the anthracene radical cation, thus greatly accelerating its rate of decay; for electron donors such as triphenylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline and N,N,N',N'tetramethyl- l,4-phenylenediamine the rise of the donor radical cation is observed as the anthracene cation decays. These systems were studied using fluorescence measurements and laser flash photolysis to study any fluorescence quenching and the rate of decay of both the anthracene triplet and radical cation. A selection of anthracene derivatives adsorbed onto silica gel were also briefly studied to see the effect of substituent group and its position. Symmetrically substituted dialkoxyanthracenes and 9-cyanoanthracene were used. The transient absorption spectra of the 2,3- and 2,6-dialkoxyderivatives and 9-cyanoanthracene revealed spectral similarities with that of unsubstituted anthracene. The spectra of9,10- and I,S-didecyloxyanthracene showed significant differences in the radical cation spectra to those obtained for unsubstituted anthracene.

Published
1996

50. Next-generation ARIA care pathways for rhinitis and asthma: a model for multimorbid chronic diseases

Author

Bousquet, J. Jean, Schünemann, Holger J., Togias, Alkis, Erhola, Marina, Hellings, Peter W., Zuberbier, Torsten, Agache, Ioana, Ansotegui, Ignacio J., Anto, Josep M., Bachert, Claus, Becker, Sven, Bedolla-Barajas, Martin, Bewick, Michael, Bosnic-Anticevich, Sinthia, Bosse, Isabelle, Boulet, Louis P., Bourrez, Jean Marc, Brusselle, Guy, Chavannes, Niels, Costa, Elisio, Cruz, Alvaro A., Czarlewski, Wienczyslawa, Fokkens, Wytske J., Fonseca, Joao A., Gaga, Mina, Haahtela, Tari, Illario, Maddalena, Klimek, Ludger, Kuna, Piotr, Kvedariene, Violeta, Le, L. T. T., Larenas-Linnemann, Desiree, Laune, Daniel, Lourenço, Olga M., Menditto, Enrica, Mullol, Joaquin, Okamoto, Yashitaka, Papadopoulos, Nikos, Pham-Thi, Nhân, Picard, Robert, Pinnock, Hilary, Roche, Nicolas, Roller-Wirnsberger, Regina E., Rolland, Christine, Samolinski, Boleslaw, Sheikh, Aziz, Toppila-Salmi, Sanna, Tsiligianni, Ioanna, Valiulis, Arunas, Valovirta, Erkka, Vasankari, Tuula, Ventura, Maria-Teresa, Walker, Samantha, Williams, Sian, Akdis, Cezmi A., Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Arnavielhe, Sylvie, Basagana, Xavier, Bateman, Eric, Bedbrook, Anna, Bennoor, K. S., Benveniste, Samuel, Bergmann, Karl C., Bialek, Slawomir, Billo, Nils, Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten, Bjermer, Leif, Blain, Hubert, Bonini, Mateo, Bonniaud, Philippe, Bouchard, Jacques, Briedis, Vitalis, Brightling, Christofer E., Brozek, Jan, Buhl, Roland, Buonaiuto, Roland, Canonica, Giorgo W., Cardona, Victoria, Carriazo, Ana M., Carr, Warner, Cartier, Christine, Casale, Thomas, Cecchi, Lorenzo, Cepeda Sarabia, Alfonso M., Chkhartishvili, Eka, Chu, Derek K., Cingi, Cemal, Colgan, Elaine, de Sousa, Jaime Correia, Courbis, Anne Lise, Custovic, Adnan, Cvetkosvki, Biljana, D’Amato, Gennaro, da Silva, Jane, Dantas, Carina, Dokic, Dejand, Dauvilliers, Yves, Dedeu, Antoni, De Feo, Giulia, Devillier, Philippe, Di Capua, Stefania, Dykewickz, Marc, Dubakiene, Ruta, Ebisawa, Motohiro, El-Gamal, Yaya, Eller, Esben, Emuzyte, Regina, Farrell, John, Fink-Wagner, Antjie, Fiocchi, Alessandro, Fontaine, Jean F., Gemicioğlu, Bilun, Schmid-Grendelmeir, Peter, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Garcia-Aymerich, Judith, Gomez, Maximiliano, González Diaz, Sandra, Gotua, Maia, Guldemond, Nick A., Guzmán, Maria-Antonieta, Hajjam, Jawad, O’B Hourihane, John, Humbert, Marc, Iaccarino, Guido, Ierodiakonou, Despo, Illario, Maddalena, Ivancevich, Juan C., Joos, Guy, Jung, Ki-Suck, Jutel, Marek, Kaidashev, Igor, Kalayci, Omer, Kardas, Przemyslaw, Keil, Thomas, Khaitov, Mussa, Khaltaev, Nikolai, Kleine-Tebbe, Jorg, Kowalski, Marek L., Kritikos, Vicky, Kull, Inger, Leonardini, Lisa, Lieberman, Philip, Lipworth, Brian, Lodrup Carlsen, Karin C., Loureiro, Claudia C., Louis, Renaud, Mair, Alpana, Marien, Gert, Mahboub, Bassam, Malva, Joao, Manning, Patrick, De Manuel Keenoy, Esteban, Marshall, Gailen D., Masjedi, Mohamed R., Maspero, Jorge F., Mathieu-Dupas, Eve, Matricardi, Poalo M., Melén, Eric, Melo-Gomes, Elisabete, Meltzer, Eli O., Menditto, Enrica, Mercier, Jacques, Miculinic, Neven, Mihaltan, Florin, Milenkovic, Branislava, Moda, Giuliana, Mogica-Martinez, Maria-Dolores, Mohammad, Yousser, Montefort, Steve, Monti, Ricardo, Morais-Almeida, Mario, Mösges, Ralf, Münter, Lars, Muraro, Antonella, Murray, Ruth, Naclerio, Robert, Napoli, Luigi, Namazova-Baranova, Leila, Neffen, Hugo, Nekam, Kristoff, Neou, Angelo, Novellino, Enrico, Nyembue, Dieudonné, O’Hehir, Robin, Ohta, Ken, Okubo, Kimi, Onorato, Gabrielle, Ouedraogo, Solange, Pali-Schöll, Isabella, Palkonen, Susanna, Panzner, Peter, Park, Hae-Sim, Pépin, Jean-Louis, Pereira, Ana-Maria, Pfaar, Oliver, Paulino, Ema, Phillips, Jim, Picard, Robert, Plavec, Davor, Popov, Ted A., Portejoie, Fabienne, Price, David, Prokopakis, Emmanuel P., Pugin, Benoit, Raciborski, Filip, Rajabian-Söderlund, Rojin, Reitsma, Sietze, Rodo, Xavier, Romano, Antonino, Rosario, Nelson, Rottem, Menahenm, Ryan, Dermot, Salimäki, Johanna, Sanchez-Borges, Mario M., Sisul, Juan-Carlos, Solé, Dirceu, Somekh, David, Sooronbaev, Talant, Sova, Milan, Spranger, Otto, Stellato, Cristina, Stelmach, Rafael, Suppli Ulrik, Charlotte, Thibaudon, Michel, To, Teresa, Todo-Bom, Ana, Tomazic, Peter V., Valero, Antonio A., Valenta, Rudolph, Valentin-Rostan, Marylin, van der Kleij, Rianne, Vandenplas, Olivier, Vezzani, Giorgio, Viart, Frédéric, Viegi, Giovanni, Wallace, Dana, Wagenmann, Martin, Wang, De Y., Waserman, Susan, Wickman, Magnus, Williams, Dennis M., Wong, Gary, Wroczynski, Piotr, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K., Yorgancioglu, Arzu, Yusuf, Osman M., Zar, Heahter J., Zeng, Stéphane, Zernotti, Mario, Zhang, Luo, Zhong, Nan S., Zidarn, Mihaela, the ARIA Study Group, and the MASK Study Group

Published
2019
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