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Introduction: Following silicone breast implant placement, some patients present symptoms described as breast implant illness and seek explant surgery. This study aims to analyze the historical symptoms and ascertain breast explant patients’ impressions at three different times: before breast implant placement while having the implants, and after the explant surgery. Methods: This survey was designed as a multicenter longitudinal observational study using an online voluntary participation questionnaire sent by e-mail. Results: 156 patients were analyzed, 84% had three or more symptoms, and 66.1% improved their symptoms after the explant (p

Introduction: Mastopexy with prosthesis remains a challenge for all plastic surgeons. Consistent results are still difficult to obtain for many reasons, and some authors advocate caution due to complications.Methods: This retrospective study includes 92 consecutive single-stage augmentation mastopexy cases performed by the same surgeon between March 2012 and October 2019.Results: The median follow-up was 14 months for the augmentation mastopexy group. Three patients (3.3%) had grade III capsular contracture. The revision rate was 25.3%: 7.6% with ptosis recurrence, scar revision in 6.5%, and 1.1% asymmetries. Three patients (3.3%) had ruptured muscle loop fixation, four patients (4.4%) had dynamic deformities.Conclusion: The modified double-space technique in our experience shows consistent long-term results, and revision/complication rates were similar to some studies but higher than others. Prior breast surgery, smoking, breastfeeding, and previous bariatric surgery do not increase rates of complications and revisions. It can be one of the options for covering and supporting implants in augmentation mastopexy procedures.

INTRODUCTION: Gynecomastia is a benign hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the male mammary gland, and is considered the most frequent benign condition of the male breast. The objective is to evaluate aesthetic results and satisfaction of patients undergoing a new approach using a periareolar zigzag incision for the treatment of gynecomastia. METHODS: We present 13 cases of male gynecomastia treated with a periareolar zigzag incision technique. RESULTS: All patients were satisfied with the scar hidden in the transitional, naturally irregular periareolar skin of the nipple-areolar complex. No complications were observed in this patient series. CONCLUSION: This approach is an excellent, easy-to-perform surgical alternative for the treatment of gynecomastia, providing a satisfactory cosmetic result without the presence of a stigmatizing scar.

In 2012, the Research Group on Body Contouring Surgery of the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery conducted an extensive study on the safety of liposuction before the initiation of the course of the Group, held in 2013 in Rio de Janeiro during the 50th Brazilian Congress of Plastic Surgery, with the presence of the illustrious Dr. Yves Gérard Illouz and a large number of participants. The authors performed a review and update of the safety parameters, incorporating recent advances and systematizing relevant information for the execution of a safer liposuction. With the collaboration of anesthesiologist, intensive care physician, and vascular surgeon, all with extensive experience in supporting the procedure, new practical guidelines were presented for a safer liposuction on the preoperative, transoperative, and postoperative periods.

INTRODUCTION: To analyze data from the internet on deaths from fat embolism, time of onset, and other information that could determine current reality in Brazil regarding fat embolism syndrome incidence and any ,media repercussions, and also to review methods of prevention and what are the best methods available to treat this disease. METHODS: A Google search was conducted from January 2000 to January 2014 using the keywords "plastic surgery" and "death." We included and reviewed articles containing the words "embolism", "fat embolism" and "complications in (or of) plastic surgery". RESULTS: We included 235 relevant news stories over the 14 included years. There were 45 cases of death related with plastic surgery that offered few data for individualization. Of these patients, 44 were women. Possible causes mentioned were pulmonary embolism (five cases), perforation of viscera (four cases), malignant hyperthermia (three cases), anesthesia (two cases), anaphylactic shock (two cases), fat embolism (one confirmed case), and "other" (five cases). CONCLUSION: Guidelines to prevent fat embolism in plastic surgery are needed, however, there is also the need of more evidence based studies to understand more clearly what methods are best.

CONTEXT: Presently the MELD score is used as the waiting list criterion for liver transplantation in Brazil. In this method more critical patients are considered priority to transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of liver transplantation when the chronologic waiting list was the criterion for organ allocation (pre-MELD era) with MELD score period (MELD era) in one liver transplantation unit in Brazil. METHODS: The charts of the patients subjected to liver transplantation at the Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil, were reviewed from January of 2001 to August of 2008. Patients were divided into two groups: pre-MELD era and MELD era. They were compared in relation to demographics of donors and receptors, etiology of cirrhosis, cold and warm ischemia time, presence of hepatocellular carcinoma, MELD score and Child-Pugh score and classification at the time of transplantation, units of red blood cells transfused during the transplantation, intensive care unit stay, total hospital stay and 3 month and 1 year survival. RESULTS: Initially, 205 liver transplantations were analyzed. Ninety four were excluded and 111 were included: 71 on the pre-MELD era and 40 on the MELD era. The two groups were comparable in relation to donors and receptors age and sex, etiology of cirrhosis and cold and warm ischemia time. The receptors of the MELD era had more hepatocellular carcinoma than those of the pre-MELD era (37.5% vs 16.9%). Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma had less advanced cirrhosis on both eras. The MELD score was the same on both eras. Excluding the cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, MELD era score was higher than pre-MELD score (18.2 vs 15.8). There were an increased number of transplants on Child-Pugh A and C and a decreased number on Child-Pugh B receptors on MELD era. Both eras had the same need of red blood cells transfusion, intensive care unit stay and hospital stay. Also, 3 month and 1 year survival were the same: 76% and 74.6% on pre-MELD era and 75% and 70.9% on MELD era. CONCLUSION: In our center, after the introduction of MELD score as the priority criterion for liver transplantation there were an increased number of transplants with hepatocellular carcinoma. Excluding these patients, the receptors were operated upon with more advanced cirrhosis. Nevertheless the patients had the same need for red blood cells transfusion, intensive care unit and hospital stay and 3 months and 1 year survival.CONTEXTO: Atualmente o MELD é utilizado no Brasil como critério de seleção de receptores na lista de espera para transplante hepático. Esse sistema prioriza para o transplante os pacientes com cirrose hepática mais avançada. OBJETIVO: comparar os resultados do transplante hepático quando o tempo em lista de espera era o critério de alocação de órgãos (era pré-MELD) em relação ao período em que se utiliza o MELD (era MELD). MÉTODOS: Foram revisados os prontuários dos pacientes submetidos a transplante hepático no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná no período de janeiro de 2001 até agosto de 2008. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: era pré-MELD e era MELD. Foram comparados em relação aos dados demográficos dos doadores e dos receptores, à etiologia da cirrose, ao tempo de isquemia morna e fria, à presença de carcinoma hepatocelular, ao escore do MELD e ao escore e à classificação de Child-Pugh no momento do transplante, às unidades de concentrado de plaquetas transfundidas durante o transplante, ao tempo de permanência na UTI, ao tempo de permanência hospitalar e à sobrevida do paciente em 3 meses e em 1 ano. RESULTADOS: Inicialmente 205 transplantes foram avaliados. Noventa e quatro foram excluídos e 111 foram incluídos: 71 na era pré-MELD e 40 na era MELD. Os dois grupos foram semelhantes em relação à idade e ao sexo dos doadores e receptores, à etiologia da cirrose e ao tempo de isquemia morna e fria. Os receptores da era MELD apresentaram maior número de pacientes com carcinoma hepatocelular em relação à era pré-MELD (37,5% vs 16,9%). Os doentes com carcinoma hepatocelular apresentaram cirrose hepática menos avançada em ambas as eras. O escore do MELD foi igual em ambas as eras. Excluindo aqueles com carcinoma hepatocelular, o escore foi maior na era MELD em relação à era pré-MELD (18,2 vs 15,8). Na era MELD foi observado aumento no número de transplantes realizados em pacientes com cirrose hepática classes A e C de Child-Pugh e redução nos da classe B. As duas eras apresentaram resultados iguais em relação à transfusão de hemácias e tempo de permanência na UTI e permanência hospitalar. A sobrevida em 3 meses e em 1 ano também foi igual: 76% e 74,6% na era pré-MELD e 75% e 70,9% na era MELD. CONCLUSÃO: No centro deste estudo, após a introdução do MELD como critério de seleção de receptores para transplante hepático houve incremento no número de procedimentos em doentes com carcinoma hepatocelular. Excluindo-se esses pacientes, os receptores foram operados em estágios mais avançados da cirrose. Apesar disso, apresentaram a mesma necessidade de transfusão de hemácias, permanência na UTI e permanência hospitalar, e sobrevida em 3 meses e sobrevida em 1 ano.