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1. The saccadic and neurological deficits in type 3 Gaucher disease.

Author

William Benko, Markus Ries, Edythe A Wiggs, Roscoe O Brady, Raphael Schiffmann, and Edmond J Fitzgibbon

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Our objective was to characterize the saccadic eye movements in patients with type 3 Gaucher disease (chronic neuronopathic) in relationship to neurological and neurophysiological abnormalities. For approximately 4 years, we prospectively followed a cohort of 15 patients with Gaucher type 3, ages 8-28 years, by measuring saccadic eye movements using the scleral search coil method. We found that patients with type 3 Gaucher disease had a significantly higher regression slope of duration vs amplitude and peak duration vs amplitude compared to healthy controls for both horizontal and vertical saccades. Saccadic latency was significantly increased for horizontal saccades only. Downward saccades were more affected than upward saccades. Saccade abnormalities increased over time in some patients reflecting the slowly progressive nature of the disease. Phase plane plots showed individually characteristic patterns of abnormal saccade trajectories. Oculo-manual dexterity scores on the Purdue Pegboard test were low in virtually all patients, even in those with normal cognitive function. Vertical saccade peak duration vs amplitude slope significantly correlated with IQ and with the performance on the Purdue Pegboard but not with the brainstem and somatosensory evoked potentials. We conclude that, in patients with Gaucher disease type 3, saccadic eye movements and oculo-manual dexterity are representative neurological functions for longitudinal studies and can probably be used as endpoints for therapeutic clinical trials.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00001289.

Published
2011
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2. PURA- Related Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy: Phenotypic and Genotypic Spectrum

Author

Dario Pruna, Theresa Grebe, Felippe Borlot, Michael J. Esser, Juan Pablo Appendino, Katherine L. Helbig, Elisa Ballardini, Casey Brew, Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon, Anne Ronan, Laurie A. Demmer, Usha Kini, Marta Somorai, Julie Vogt, Sébastien Moutton, Raffaella Faggioli, Julien Van-Gils, Davide Ognibene, Sara Olivotto, Sabine Grønborg, David Coman, David P. Bick, Guido Rubboli, Orrin Devinsky, Atiya S. Khan, Robyn Whitney, Christine Coubes, Caroline Nava, Karen Keough, SakkuBai R. Naidu, Lucio Giordano, Davide Colavito, Dominic Spadafore, Arnaud Isapof, Walla Al-Hertani, Antonio Vitobello, Andrea V. Andrade, Gaetano Cantalupo, Sandra Whalen, Boudewijn Gunning, Shanawaz Hussain, David Hunt, Nathan Noble, Bertrand Isidor, Beatriz Gamboni, Katrine M Johannesen, Julien Buratti, Stephanie Moortgat, Ida Cursio, Agnese Suppiej, Delphine Héron, Lía Mayorga, William Benko, Rahul Raman Singh, Cyril Mignot, Sotirios Keros, Aurore Garde, Nicola Foulds, Claudia A. L. Ruivenkamp, Elena Gardella, Barbara Scelsa, Fernanda Góes, Laurence Faivre, Richard J. Leventer, Ashley Collier, Farha Tokarz, Thomas Courtin, Klaas J. Wierenga, Xilma R. Ortiz-Gonzalez, Frédéric Tran-Mau-Them, Alejandra Mampel, Lynn Greenhalgh, Ashlea Franques, Amélie Piton, Felicia Varsalone, Marjolaine Willems, Alessandro Orsini, Diana Rodriguez, Clothilde Ormieres, Helen Stewart, Boris Keren, Austin Larson, Cathrine E. Gjerulfsen, Julie S. Cohen, Margot R.F. Reijnders, Mel Anderson, Shailesh Asakar, Rikke S. Møller, Alice Bonuccelli, Alexandra Afenjar, Claudio Graziano, Elaine Wirrell, Simona Damioli, Sangeetha Yoganathan, Devorah Segal, Ingo Helbig, Mindy H. Li, Rob P.W. Rouhl, Sarah Hicks, Allan Bayat, Holly Dubbs, Stefania Bigoni, Kelly Ratke, John Brandsema, Eva H. Brilstra, univOAK, Archive ouverte, The Danish Epilepsy Centre Filadelfia [Dianalund, Denmark], University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht University [Maastricht], CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mayo Clinic [Jacksonville], Département de pédiatrie [CHU Nantes], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Hôpital d'Enfants [CHU Dijon], Hôpital du Bocage, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Laboratoire de génétique des maladies rares. Pathologie moleculaire, etudes fonctionnelles et banque de données génétiques (LGMR), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-IFR3, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Department of Pediatrics [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego), School of Medicine [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), and University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora]

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Socio-culturale, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Electroencephalography, Epilepsy, Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy, Intellectual disability, medicine, Genetics (clinical), feeding difficulties, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, fungi, medicine.disease, Hypotonia, Epileptic spasms, Neonatal hypotonia, neonatal hypotonia, Epilepsy syndromes, Cohort, epilepsy, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Background and ObjectivesPurine-rich element-binding protein A (PURA) gene encodes Pur-α, a conserved protein essential for normal postnatal brain development. Recently, a PURA syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, hypotonia, epilepsy, and dysmorphic features was suggested. The aim of this study was to define and expand the phenotypic spectrum of PURA syndrome by collecting data, including EEG, from a large cohort of affected patients.MethodsData on unpublished and published cases were collected through the PURA Syndrome Foundation and the literature. Data on clinical, genetic, neuroimaging, and neurophysiologic features were obtained.ResultsA cohort of 142 patients was included. Characteristics of the PURA syndrome included neonatal hypotonia, feeding difficulties, and respiratory distress. Sixty percent of the patients developed epilepsy with myoclonic, generalized tonic-clonic, focal seizures, and/or epileptic spasms. EEG showed generalized, multifocal, or focal epileptic abnormalities. Lennox-Gastaut was the most common epilepsy syndrome. Drug refractoriness was common: 33.3% achieved seizure freedom. We found 97 pathogenic variants in PURA without any clear genotype-phenotype associations.DiscussionThe PURA syndrome presents with a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with characteristics recognizable from neonatal age, which should prompt genetic screening. Sixty percent have drug-resistant epilepsy with focal or generalized seizures. We collected more than 90 pathogenic variants without observing overt genotype-phenotype associations.

Published
2021
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