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Tall timber buildings are of growing interest worldwide and also in the Netherlands. With the introduction of CLT, higher timber buildings are possible compared to traditional timber frame housing. Tall timber buildings can be made as modular buildings or as buildings with a CLT or concrete core and a timber wall/column-floor system that can contribute to the overall stability. In this paper, master student thesis projects dealing with various aspects of timber highrise buildings are presented. These include the possibilities of using 3D-modules in high-rise buildings, design aspects of differential vertical shortening, parametric design, as well as wind-induced behaviour. For tall timber buildings specific aspects as the influence of the connections on the stability and comfort (accelerations), and the necessity of performing a phased analysis to account for the different creep behaviour of timber and concrete. When this is done properly, tall timber buildings can be designed with various structural appearances, fulfilling the requirements and the wishes of architects and users. The raised technical questions have been incorporated in the teaching program of Delft University of Technology and formed the basis for the master thesis projects presented in this paper., Accepted Author Manuscript, Bio-based Structures & Materials

Tall timber buildings are of growing interest worldwide and also in the Netherlands. With the introduction of CLT, higher timber buildings are possible compared to traditional timber frame housing. Tall timber buildings can be made as modular buildings or as buildings with a CLT or concrete core and a timber wall/column-floor system that can contribute to the overall stability. In this paper, master student thesis projects dealing with various aspects of timber highrise buildings are presented. These include the possibilities of using 3D-modules in high-rise buildings, design aspects of differential vertical shortening, parametric design, as well as wind-induced behaviour. For tall timber buildings specific aspects as the influence of the connections on the stability and comfort (accelerations), and the necessity of performing a phased analysis to account for the different creep behaviour of timber and concrete. When this is done properly, tall timber buildings can be designed with various structural appearances, fulfilling the requirements and the wishes of architects and users. The raised technical questions have been incorporated in the teaching program of Delft University of Technology and formed the basis for the master thesis projects presented in this paper., Accepted Author Manuscript, Bio-based Structures & Materials

Differential vertical shortening (DVS) is the relative vertical shortening between two adjacent vertical load bearing elements. DVS originates because axial loading conditions on- and the design of adjacent vertical load bearing elements are different. Due to these differences, the reaction of the adjacent vertical structural elements expressed as length change can be different. The aim of this thesis is to research differential vertical shortening effects in high-rise buildings that use a concrete core as a lateral stability system and a timber pendulum structure as a gravitational system. The Tallwood House in Brock Commons is a perfect example of such a structural system where the engineers have considered the shortening effects which will be reviewed in this research. Furthermore, this research will look for measures in the design and implementation phase that have influence on the magnitude of differential vertical shortening deformations. In the Tallwood House project the problem was only tackled on basis of the individual column shortening and the effect it would have on vertical mechanical systems. A clear understanding of the relative difference between core and column shortening (DVS) and the effect it can have on secondary building systems is lacking. The determination of criteria on which the DVS deformations are assessed in the Brock Commons building, are based on the deformation capacity of the vertical mechanical systems, which does not necessarily relate to the DVS deformations. A more methodological approach is necessary for the prediction of DVS deformations and the determination of criteria regarding DVS deformations. The sub question have the aim to reach to a more general and methodological approach in predicting DVS deformations and determining criteria for DVS deformations. “What are the criteria on which differential vertical shortening deformations in the building structure should be assessed in order to, Civil Engineering | Building Engineering

Differential vertical shortening (DVS) is the relative vertical shortening between two adjacent vertical load bearing elements. DVS originates because axial loading conditions on- and the design of adjacent vertical load bearing elements are different. Due to these differences, the reaction of the adjacent vertical structural elements expressed as length change can be different. The aim of this thesis is to research differential vertical shortening effects in high-rise buildings that use a concrete core as a lateral stability system and a timber pendulum structure as a gravitational system. The Tallwood House in Brock Commons is a perfect example of such a structural system where the engineers have considered the shortening effects which will be reviewed in this research. Furthermore, this research will look for measures in the design and implementation phase that have influence on the magnitude of differential vertical shortening deformations. In the Tallwood House project the problem was only tackled on basis of the individual column shortening and the effect it would have on vertical mechanical systems. A clear understanding of the relative difference between core and column shortening (DVS) and the effect it can have on secondary building systems is lacking. The determination of criteria on which the DVS deformations are assessed in the Brock Commons building, are based on the deformation capacity of the vertical mechanical systems, which does not necessarily relate to the DVS deformations. A more methodological approach is necessary for the prediction of DVS deformations and the determination of criteria regarding DVS deformations. The sub question have the aim to reach to a more general and methodological approach in predicting DVS deformations and determining criteria for DVS deformations. “What are the criteria on which differential vertical shortening deformations in the building structure should be assessed in order to, Civil Engineering | Building Engineering