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13 results on '"Wilkinson, Hannah R."'

2. Living with unpredictability in Multiple Sclerosis

Author

Wilkinson, Hannah R.

Subjects
150, C840 Clinical Psychology
Abstract

Background: Unpredictability is identified as a major factor in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and reported to be a “constant companion” for individuals living with MS. It is reported to be a factor of uncertainty, which is indicated to have a biopsychosocial impact on these individuals. However the impact of uncertainty is argued to diminish over time. Whereas, the lived experience of unpredictability is reported to be continual. Furthermore, unpredictability is argued to have a continual psychological effect on individuals with MS. However, unpredictability is an aspect that remains relatively unaddressed in the research. Qualitative research has been highlighted to be fundamental in exploring the individual experience of illness, providing rich detailed descriptions. In addition it has been instrumental in the development of services to meet the needs of these individuals. The significance of unpredictability in MS highlights the need for further exploration of lived experience of this aspect of the illness to support healthcare professionals and the development of services to meet the needs of these individuals. Aim: This study aimed to address the limited research examining unpredictability in MS, to develop a comprehensive understanding of how this aspect affects the lives of individuals with MS. Method: This study employed a qualitative design. Twelve participants were recruited through the MS Society, local advertisements and by a ‘snowballing’ sampling technique. All participants lived in England, had a diagnosis of MS, and were able to provide consent to participate. Individual interviews were conducted (7 face-to-face and 5 telephone interviews) using a semi-structured interview. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed by the researcher using a thematic analysis (TA) approach. Results: Three main themes were derived from the analysis: 1) Challenges to meaning-making; 2) A wide picture of unpredictability; and 3) Surviving unpredictability. Each of the themes generated between two or three sub-themes. The themes told the participant’s story for living with unpredictability. Conclusion and recommendations: Unpredictability was reported to be a key factor of living with MS, yet it was challenging and difficult to understand. Participants described the wide reaching impact of unpredictability influencing them personally and socially. Pragmatic and psychological approaches were employed by participants to deal with unpredictability. The findings offer insight into the individual’s experience of living with unpredictability. It is argued the findings represent individuals who have reached a stage of acceptance with their illness and therefore may offer health professionals guidance around how to support individuals who have not been able to come to terms with the unpredictability of their illness. Furthermore, the findings highlight the wide reaching impact of unpredictability emphasising the importance of the family team. These findings may offer health professionals guidance around providing family education and support to help develop a cohesive network of support for the individual and the family experiencing the effects of unpredictability in MS.

Published
2014

3. Domain-Specific Inhibitory Control Training to Improve Children’s Learning of Counterintuitive Concepts in Mathematics and Science

Author

Wilkinson, Hannah R., Smid, Claire, Morris, Su, Farran, Emily K., Dumontheil, Iroise, Mayer, Sveta, Tolmie, Andrew, Bell, Derek, Porayska-Pomsta, Kaśka, Holmes, Wayne, Mareschal, Denis, and Thomas, Michael S. C.

Abstract

Evidence from cognitive neuroscience suggests that learning counterintuitive concepts in mathematics and science requires inhibitory control (IC). This prevents interference from misleading perceptual cues and naïve theories children have built from their experiences of the world. Here, we (1) investigate associations between IC, counterintuitive reasoning, and academic achievement and (2) evaluate a classroom-based computerised intervention, called Stop & Think, designed to embed IC training within the learning domain (i.e. mathematics and science content from the school curricula). Cross-sectional analyses of data from 627 children in Years 3 and 5 (7- to 10-year-olds) demonstrated that IC, measured on a Stroop-like task, was associated with counterintuitive reasoning and mathematics and science achievement. A subsample (n= 456) participated either in Stop & Think as a whole-class activity (teacher-led, STT) or using individual computers (pupil-led, STP), or had teaching as usual (TAU). For Year 3 children (but not Year 5), Stop & Think led to better counterintuitive reasoning (i.e. near transfer) in STT (p< .001, ηp2= .067) and STP (p< .01, ηp2= .041) compared to TAU. Achievement data was not available for Year 3 STP or Year 5 STT. For Year 3, STT led to better science achievement (i.e. far transfer) compared to TAU (p< .05, ηp2= .077). There was no transfer to the Stroop-like measure of IC. Overall, these findings support the idea that IC may contribute to counterintuitive reasoning and mathematics and science achievement. Further, we provide preliminary evidence of a domain-specific IC intervention with transferable benefits to academic achievement for Year 3 children.

Published
2024
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4. Folding and association of the human cell cycle regulatory proteins ckshs1 and ckshs2

Author

Seeliger, Markus A., Schymkowitz, Joost W.H., Rousseau, Frederic, Wilkinson, Hannah R., and Itzhaki, Laura S.

Subjects
Protein folding -- Analysis, Cell cycle -- Physiological aspects, Proteins -- Structure, Structure-activity relationships (Biochemistry) -- Analysis, Saccharomyces -- Research, Biological sciences, Chemistry
Abstract

The cyclin-dependent kinase subunit family of cell cycle regulatory human proteins, ckshs1 and ckshs2, exist as a monomer and a domain-swapped dimer and the kinetic barrier separating these two native states is due to the requirement of protein unfolding for beta-strand exchange to occur.

Published
2002

11. Observation of signal transduction in three-dimensional domain swapping.

Author

Schymkowitz, Joost W.H., Rousseau, Frederic, Wilkinson, Hannah R., Friedler, Assaf, and Itzhaki, Laura S.

Subjects
CELLULAR signal transduction, PROTEIN conformation, MOLECULAR dynamics
Abstract

p13suc1 (suc1) has two native states, a monomer and a domain-swapped dimer. The structure of each subunit in the dimer is identical to that of the monomer, except for the hinge loop that connects the exchanging domains. Here we find that single point mutations at sites throughout the protein and ligand binding both shift the position of the equilibrium between monomer and dimer. The hinge loop was shown previously to act as a loaded molecular spring that releases tension present in the monomer by adopting an alternative conformation in the dimer. The results here indicate that the release of strain propagates throughout the entire protein and alters the energetics of regions remote from the hinge. Our data illustrate how the signal conferred by the conformational change of a protein loop, elicited by domain swapping, ligand binding or mutation, can be sensed by a distant active site. This work highlights the potential role of strained loops in proteins: the energy they store can be used for both signal transduction and allostery, and they could steer the evolution of protein function. Finally, a structural mechanism for the role of suc1 as an adapter molecule is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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12. Living with unpredictability in Multiple Sclerosis

Author

Wilkinson, Hannah R. and Wilkinson, Hannah R.

Abstract

Background: Unpredictability is identified as a major factor in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and reported to be a “constant companion” for individuals living with MS. It is reported to be a factor of uncertainty, which is indicated to have a biopsychosocial impact on these individuals. However the impact of uncertainty is argued to diminish over time. Whereas, the lived experience of unpredictability is reported to be continual. Furthermore, unpredictability is argued to have a continual psychological effect on individuals with MS. However, unpredictability is an aspect that remains relatively unaddressed in the research. Qualitative research has been highlighted to be fundamental in exploring the individual experience of illness, providing rich detailed descriptions. In addition it has been instrumental in the development of services to meet the needs of these individuals. The significance of unpredictability in MS highlights the need for further exploration of lived experience of this aspect of the illness to support healthcare professionals and the development of services to meet the needs of these individuals. Aim: This study aimed to address the limited research examining unpredictability in MS, to develop a comprehensive understanding of how this aspect affects the lives of individuals with MS. Method: This study employed a qualitative design. Twelve participants were recruited through the MS Society, local advertisements and by a ‘snowballing’ sampling technique. All participants lived in England, had a diagnosis of MS, and were able to provide consent to participate. Individual interviews were conducted (7 face-to-face and 5 telephone interviews) using a semi-structured interview. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed by the researcher using a thematic analysis (TA) approach. Results: Three main themes were derived from the analysis: 1) Challenges to meaning-making; 2) A wide picture of unpredictability; and 3) Surviving unpredictability. Each of the

13. Intermediates Control Domain Swapping during Folding of p13suc1.

Author

Rousseau, Frederic, Schymkowit, Joost W.H., Wilkinson, Hannah R., and Itzhaki, Laura S.

Subjects
*PROTEINS, *MONOMERS, *DIMERS, *THERMODYNAMICS, *GENETIC mutation, *UREA
Abstract

The 13-kDa protein p13suc1 has two folded states, a monomer and a structurally similar domain-swapped dimer formed by exchange of a β-strand. The refolding reaction of p13suc1 is multiphasic, and in this paper we analyze the kinetics as a function of denaturant and protein concentration and compare the behavior of wild type and a set of mutants previously designed with dimerization propensities that span 9 orders of magnitude. We show that the folding reactions of wild type and all mutants produce the monomer predominantly despite their very different equilibrium behavior. However, the addition of low concentrations of denaturant in the refolding buffer leads to thermodynamic control of the folding reaction with products that correspond to the wild type and mutant equilibrium dimerization propensities. We present evidence that the kinetic control in the absence of urea arises because of the population of the folding intermediates. Intermediates are usually considered to be detrimental to folding because they slow down the reaction; however, our work shows that intermediates buffer the monomeric folding pathway against the effect of mutations that favor the nonfunctional, dimeric state at equilibrium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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