239 results on '"Wiers R.W."'
Search Results
2. The relation between gray matter volume and the use of alcohol, tobacco, cocaine and cannabis in male polysubstance users
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Kaag, A.M., Schulte, M.H.J., Jansen, J.M., van Wingen, G., Homberg, J., van den Brink, W., Wiers, R.W., Schmaal, L., Goudriaan, A.E., and Reneman, L.
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- 2018
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3. Online visual search attentional bias modification for adolescents with heightened anxiety and depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled trial
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De Voogd, E.L., Wiers, R.W., and Salemink, E.
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- 2017
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4. Online attentional bias modification training targeting anxiety and depression in unselected adolescents: Short- and long-term effects of a randomized controlled trial
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de Voogd, E.L., Wiers, R.W., Prins, P.J.M., de Jong, P.J., Boendermaker, W.J., Zwitser, R.J., and Salemink, E.
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- 2016
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5. Losing sight of Luck: Automatic approach tendencies toward gambling cues in Canadian moderate- to high-risk gamblers – A replication study
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Galvin, H.R., Boffo, M., Snippe, L., Collins, P., Pronk, T., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., Stewart, S.H., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Galvin, H.R., Boffo, M., Snippe, L., Collins, P., Pronk, T., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., and Stewart, S.H.
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- 2023
6. Return to Baseline After an Interpretation Training as a Dynamic Predictor for Treatment Response in Social Anxiety Disorder
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Mobach, L., van Loenen, R., van Dam, E.A., Borsboom, D., Wiers, R.W., Salemink, E., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Mobach, L., van Loenen, R., van Dam, E.A., Borsboom, D., Wiers, R.W., and Salemink, E.
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- 2023
7. Use of tailoring features and reasons for dropout in a guided internet-based transdiagnostic individually-tailored cognitive behavioral therapy for symptoms of depression and/or anxiety in college students
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Ciharova, M., Cuijpers, P., Amanvermez, Y., Riper, H., Klein, A.M., Bolinski, F., de Wit, L.M., van der Heijde, C.M., Bruffaerts, R., Struijs, S., Wiers, R.W., Karyotaki, E., Ciharova, M., Cuijpers, P., Amanvermez, Y., Riper, H., Klein, A.M., Bolinski, F., de Wit, L.M., van der Heijde, C.M., Bruffaerts, R., Struijs, S., Wiers, R.W., and Karyotaki, E.
- Abstract
Transdiagnostic individually-tailored digital interventions reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety in adults with moderate effects. However, research into these approaches for college students is scarce and contradicting. In addition, the exact reasons for intervention dropout in this target group are not well known, and the use of individually-tailored intervention features, such as optional modules, has not yet been explored. The current study aimed to (1) investigate reasons for dropout from a guided internet-based transdiagnostic individually-tailored intervention for college students assessed in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and (2) evaluate whether participants used tailoring features intended for their baseline symptoms. A sample of college students with mild to moderate depression and/or anxiety symptoms (n = 48) in the Netherlands (partially) followed a guided internet-based transdiagnostic individually-tailored intervention. We contacted those who did not complete the entire intervention (n = 29) by phone to report the reasons for intervention dropout. Further, we descriptively explored the use of tailoring features (i.e., depression versus anxiety trajectory) and optional modules of the intervention in the whole sample. We identified a range of person- and intervention-related reasons for intervention dropout, most commonly busy schedules, needs for different kinds of help, or absence of personal contact. Furthermore, only less than half of the participants used the individually-tailoring features to address the symptoms they reported as predominant. In conclusion, digital interventions clear about the content and targeted symptoms, tested in user research could prevent dropout and create reasonable expectations of the intervention. Participants would benefit from additional guidance when using tailoring features of digital interventions, as they often do not choose the tailoring features targeting their baseline symptoms.
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- 2023
8. Sources of stress among domestic and international students: a cross-sectional study of university students in Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amanvermez, Y., Karyotaki, E., Cuijpers, P., Ciharova, M., Bruffaerts, R., Kessler, R.C., Klein, A.M., Wiers, R.W., de Wit, L.M., Amanvermez, Y., Karyotaki, E., Cuijpers, P., Ciharova, M., Bruffaerts, R., Kessler, R.C., Klein, A.M., Wiers, R.W., and de Wit, L.M.
- Abstract
High perceived stress is associated with psychological and academic difficulties among college students. In this study, we aimed to investigate associations of student status (international vs domestic student in the Netherlands) with eight common sources of stress (i.e., financial, health, love life, relationship with family, relationship with people at work/ school, the health of loved ones, other problems of loved ones, and life in general). Participants were 2,196 college students (domestic: n = 1,642, international: n = 554) from two universities in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to estimate associations of student status with all eight sources of stress. Student status was significantly associated with higher levels of perceived stress in almost all life domains. International student status was significantly associated with higher perceived stress in the domains of financial situation and health of loved ones after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and other sources of stress. Findings highlight that several differences exist in the magnitude of perceived stress in certain areas between international and domestic students in the Netherlands. Consequently, it is essential to uncover the different needs of college students and develop specific strategies to deliver the most suitable services.
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- 2023
9. An associative account of how the obesogenic environment biases adolescents' food choices
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Watson, P., Wiers, R.W., Hommel, B., Ridderinkhof, K.R., and de Wit, S.
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- 2016
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10. Implicit alcohol–relaxation associations in frequently drinking adolescents with high levels of neuroticism
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Salemink, E., van Lier, P.A.C., Meeus, W., Raaijmakers, S.F., and Wiers, R.W.
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- 2015
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11. Dual Processes in Fear and Anxiety: No Effects of Cognitive Load on the Predictive Value of Implicit Measures
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Van Bockstaele, B., Tibboel, H., Larsen, H., Wiers, R.W., Bögels, S.M., Salemink, E., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Developmental Psychopathology (RICDE, FMG), Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG), Brain and Cognition, Research Institute for Child Development and Education, FMG, Experimental psychopathology, and Leerstoel Engelhard
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Relation (database) ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Attentional bias ,Anxiety ,attentional bias ,050105 experimental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cognition ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,medicine ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Animals ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,implicit association test ,cognitive load ,05 social sciences ,Implicit-association test ,Spiders ,Fear ,DUAL (cognitive architecture) ,Predictive value ,predictive value of implicit measures ,Phobic Disorders ,Dual process models ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive load ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
Dual process models posit that combinations of impulsive and reflective processes drive behaviour, and that the capacity to engage in effortful cognitive processing moderates the relation between measures of impulsive or reflective processes and actual behaviour. When cognitive resources are low, impulsive processes are more likely to drive behaviour, while when cognitive resources are high, reflective processes will drive behaviour. In our current study, we directly addressed this hypothesis by comparing the capacity of implicit and explicit measures to predict fear and anxiety, either with or without additional cognitive load. In Experiment 1 (N = 83), only explicit measures of spider fear were predictive of spider avoidance, and manipulating cognitive load did not affect these relations. Experiment 2 (N = 70) confirmed these findings, as the capacity of explicit and implicit measures to predict self-reported and physiological responses to a social stressor was not moderated by cognitive load. In two experiments, we thus found no empirical support for the central dual process model assumption that cognitive control moderates the predictive value of implicit and explicit measures. While implicit measures and dual process accounts may still be valuable, we show that results in this field are not necessarily replicable and inconsistent.
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- 2022
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12. Working for food you don’t desire. Cues interfere with goal-directed food-seeking
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Watson, P., Wiers, R.W., Hommel, B., and de Wit, S.
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- 2014
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13. Visual search attentional bias modification reduced social phobia in adolescents
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De Voogd, E.L., Wiers, R.W., Prins, P.J.M., and Salemink, E.
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- 2014
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14. Cannabis dependence, cognitive control and attentional bias for cannabis words
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Cousijn, J., Watson, P., Koenders, L., Vingerhoets, W.A.M., Goudriaan, A.E., and Wiers, R.W.
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- 2013
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15. Acceptability and Co‐Development of an Online Cognitive Bias Modification Intervention for Emerging Adults With Hazardous Alcohol Use and Social Anxiety: A Mixed Methods Study
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Prior, K., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., Teachman, B.A., Piggott, M., Newton, N.C., Teesson, M., Baillie, A.J., Campbell, S., Stapinski, L.A., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, and Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG)
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Adult ,Male ,Cognitive bias modification ,Adolescent ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Applied psychology ,Motivational interviewing ,030508 substance abuse ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Anxiety ,Toxicology ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Intervention (counseling) ,medicine ,Humans ,Quality (business) ,IBM ,media_common ,Motivation ,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ,Social anxiety ,Internet Intervention ,Patient Acceptance of Health Care ,Service provider ,Alcoholism ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Female ,Patient Participation ,medicine.symptom ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,Alcohol ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive Bias Modification ,Young People - Abstract
Background: Approach bias modification (ApBM) and interpretation bias modification (IBM) are two promising adjunct treatments for alcohol use and social anxiety, respectively. However, the acceptability of combining ApBM and IBM into one program for people who experience both of these disorders is unknown. The present study describes the codevelopment of a new, hybrid ApBM + IBM program and provides insight into the perceptions of acceptability from service providers and emerging adults.Methods: Service providers (n = 14) and emerging adults aged 18 to 25 years with lived experience of hazardous alcohol use and heightened social anxiety (n = 15) were recruited via online advertisements and through existing networks. All participants were shown a beta version of the program and asked to complete qualitative and quantitative questions to ascertain feedback on the program's acceptability and suggestions for improvement.Results: Themes emerged relating to the ApBM + IBM program's quality and usefulness, appropriateness, motivation and engagement, and potential clinical value. The program was well received and deemed acceptable for the target age group. It was rated particularly highly with regard to the overall quality and ease of use. Emerging adults had fewer suggestions for how the intervention might be revised; however, there were suggestions from both groups regarding the need for a compelling rationale at the outset of treatment and a suggestion to include a motivational interviewing and psychoeducational-based module prior to the first training session, to increase user buy-in and engagement.Conclusions: The current findings reflect positively on the acceptability of a hybrid ApBM + IBM for emerging adults with co-occurring hazardous alcohol use and social anxiety. Service providers and emerging adults identified a number of ways to improve the design and implementation of the program, which will likely improve adherence to, and outcomes of, the intervention when added as an adjunct to treatment as usual.
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- 2020
16. Does comorbid anxiety or depression moderate effects of approach bias modification in the treatment of alcohol use disorders?
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Salemink, E., Rinck, M., Becker, E., Wiers, R.W., Lindenmeyer, J., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Salemink, E., Rinck, M., Becker, E., Wiers, R.W., and Lindenmeyer, J.
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- 2022
17. Test of Measurement Invariance, and Evidence for Reliability and Validity of AMAS Scores in Dutch Secondary School and University Students
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Schmitz, E.A., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., Jansen, B.R.J., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Schmitz, E.A., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., and Jansen, B.R.J.
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- 2022
18. A computational network perspective on pediatric anxiety symptoms
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Abend, R., Bajaj, M.A, Coppersmith, D.D.L., Kircanski, K., Haller, S.P., Cardinale, E.M., Salum, G.A., Wiers, R.W., Salemink, E., Pettit, J.W., Pérez-Edgar, K., Lebowitz, E.R., Silverman, W.K., Bar-Haim, Y., Brotman, M.A., Leibenluft, E., Fried, E.I., Pine, D.S., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG), Experimental psychopathology, and Leerstoel Engelhard
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Male ,Internationality ,Adolescent ,Network structure ,Pediatrics ,Article ,Child Development ,Sex Factors ,Pediatric anxiety ,Informed consent ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ,Humans ,Longitudinal Studies ,Medical diagnosis ,development ,Applied Psychology ,child ,Conceptualization ,Social anxiety ,Panic symptoms ,Panic ,Institutional review board ,anxiety ,medicine.disease ,Moderation ,Comorbidity ,Clinical Practice ,comorbidity ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,pediatric ,network ,symptoms ,Anxiety ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Declaration of Helsinki ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Background: Psychiatric taxonomy segregates pediatric anxiety symptoms into distinct diagnostic subtypes. However, typical mixed symptom presentations pose significant challenges for diagnosis, treatment, and research. Pediatric anxiety alternatively may manifest along multiple, inter-connected domains in ways poorly captured by current classification systems. To evaluate this possibility, we utilize network analytic approaches to characterize pediatric anxiety as a network of symptom domains. Quantifying this network structure could inform our clinical conceptualization of pediatric anxiety, and, accordingly, clinical practice and research. Methods: Participants were 4,964 youths (ages 5-17 years) from seven international sites. Participants completed the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders which assesses symptom severity along domains that follow pediatric anxiety DSM diagnostic categories (generalized anxiety, social anxiety, separation anxiety, and panic disorders; additionally, school avoidance). We used network analytic methods to quantify patterns of associations among these symptom domains and to relate network variation to important moderators of anxiety symptom expression (age, sex). Findings: The anxiety symptoms network was estimated with high accuracy and featured a highly inter-connected structure. Anxiety patients and healthy youth demonstrated comparable network structures. Sex differences were noted in network structure. Longitudinal data over a three-year period demonstrated specific network structure changes during childhood but not adolescence. Generalized anxiety and panic symptoms consistently emerged as central domains in the symptom network. Interpretation: Pediatric anxiety manifests along inter-connected symptom domains. The revealed pattern of domain associations, alongside moderation effects by age and sex, could inform conceptualization, treatment, and study of pediatric anxiety. Funding Statement: This research was supported (in part) by the NIMH Intramural Research Program (ZIAMH002781-15, NCT00018057), and grants R01 MH094633, R34 MH097931, UH2 MH101470; the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, ZonMW (grant number 200210010). Declaration of Interests: All authors declare no conflict of interests with regard to this manuscript. Ethics Approval Statement: At each site, the study was performed in compliance with the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki), approved by the local Institutional Review Board. Prior to participation, informed consent and assent were obtained from parents and youth, respectively.
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- 2020
19. Does comorbid anxiety or depression moderate effects of approach bias modification in the treatment of alcohol use disorders?
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Salemink, E., Rinck, M., Becker, E., Wiers, R.W., Lindenmeyer, J., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, and Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG)
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medicine.medical_specialty ,comorbid anxiety disorder ,media_common.quotation_subject ,alcohol dependence ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Comorbidity ,PsycINFO ,Alcohol use disorder ,Anxiety ,law.invention ,Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment ,Randomized controlled trial ,Recurrence ,law ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,approach bias modification ,Psychiatry ,relapse prevention ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,media_common ,Depressive Disorder, Major ,comorbid major depressive disorder ,Depression ,Abstinence ,medicine.disease ,Alcoholism ,Clinical Psychology ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Major depressive disorder ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology - Abstract
Objective: Approach bias modification (ApBM) is a promising new add-on training intervention for patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Given that comorbid anxiety and major depressive disorders are very common in AUD, and that such comorbidity affects psychological treatments negatively, the primary aim of the present study was investigating whether ApBM training is moderated by anxiety/major depressive disorder comorbidity. The secondary aim was to examine whether ApBM's relapse-preventive effect can be replicated. Method: We conducted a large-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT) in a clinical sample of AUD inpatients (n = 729) with a follow-up assessment after 1 year. All patients received 12 weeks of inpatient treatment as usual (TAU). On top of that, patients were randomized to a 12-session ApBM (TAU + ApBM), and a no-training control condition (TAU-only). Treatment success was defined as either no relapse or a single lapse shorter than 3 days in duration, ended by the patient and followed by at least 4 weeks of abstinence. Failure was defined as relapse, passed away, no contact, or refusal to provide information. Results: We found that TAU + ApBM had significantly higher success rates than TAU-only at 1-year follow-up. Importantly, anxiety/depressive comorbidity moderated ApBM's effects: Adding ApBM to TAU increased success rates more for patients with a comorbid anxiety and/or depressive disorder than for patients without such comorbidity. Conclusions: Our data suggest that adding ApBM to TAU works better in patients with a comorbid anxiety and/or depressive disorder; a promising finding gave the high rates of comorbidity in clinical practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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- 2022
20. Test of Measurement Invariance, and Evidence for Reliability and Validity of AMAS Scores in Dutch Secondary School and University Students
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Schmitz, E.A., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., Jansen, B.R.J., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Psychology Other Research (FMG), and Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG)
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measurement invariance ,sex differences ,Clinical Psychology ,education ,math anxiety ,age groups ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Psychology(all) ,psychological phenomena and processes ,General Psychology ,Education - Abstract
The Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS) is commonly used to compare groups on math anxiety. Group comparisons should however be preceded by a demonstration of metric and scalar measurement invariance, which is currently only available for undergraduate students in the USA. This study tested for metric and scalar measurement invariance of AMAS scores across sexes and age groups and investigated reliability and validity evidence. Dutch secondary school students (N = 1504) and university students (N = 629) completed the AMAS and reported their math grades. Subsamples also completed questionnaires on related (e.g., trait anxiety) and unrelated constructs (e.g., anxiety for learning a foreign language). Results of multi-group Confirmatory Factor Analyses showed the 2-factor structure that was detected in earlier studies and supported partial metric and scalar invariance, although cross-loadings for one item were included for the female university students group to improve model fit. Reliability ranged from acceptable to good and validity was supported.
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- 2022
21. Craving and Attentional Bias Respond Differently to Alcohol Priming : A Field Study in the Pub
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Schoenmakers, T.M. and Wiers, R.W.
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- 2010
22. Cognitive-bias modification intervention to improve physical activity in patients following a rehabilitation programme: protocol for the randomised controlled IMPACT trial
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Cheval, B., Finckh, A., Maltagliati, S., Fessler, L., Cullati, S., Sander, D., Friese, M., Wiers, R.W., Boisgontier, M.P., Courvoisier, D.S., Luthy, C., and Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG)
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sports medicine ,rehabilitation medicine ,quality in health care ,ddc:128.37 ,Cognition ,ddc:150 ,Bias ,Occupational Therapy ,Rehabilitation medicine ,Sports medicine ,Quality in health care ,Humans ,Sports and Exercise Medicine ,Exercise ,Switzerland ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic - Abstract
Introduction Being physically active is associated with a wide range of health benefits in patients. However, many patients do not engage in the recommended levels of physical activity (PA). To date, interventions promoting PA in patients mainly rely on providing knowledge about the benefits associated with PA to develop their motivation to be active. Yet, these interventions focusing on changing patients' conscious goals have proven to be rather ineffective in changing behaviours. Recent research on automatic factors (eg, automatic approach tendencies) may provide additional targets for interventions. However, the implementation and evaluation of intervention designed to change these automatic bases of PA are rare. Consequently, little is known about whether and how interventions that target automatically activated processes towards PA can be effective in changing PA behaviours. The Improving Physical Activity (IMPACT) trial proposes to fill this knowledge gap by investigating the effect of a cognitive-bias modification intervention aiming to modify the automatic approach towards exercise-related stimuli on PA among patients. Methods and analysis The IMPACT trial is a single-centre, placebo (sham controlled), triple-blinded, phase 3 randomised controlled trial that will recruit 308 patients enrolled in a rehabilitation programme in the Division of General Medical Rehabilitation at the University Hospital of Geneva (Switzerland) and intends to follow up them for up to 1 year after intervention. Immediately after starting a rehabilitation programme, patients will be randomised (1:1 ratio) to receive either the cognitive-bias modification intervention consisting of a 12-session training programme performed over 3 weeks or a control condition (placebo). The cognitive-bias modification intervention aims to improve PA levels through a change in automatic approach tendencies towards PA and sedentary behaviours. The primary outcome is the sum of accelerometer-based time spent in light-intensity, moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity PA over 1 week after the cognitive-bias modification intervention (in minutes per week). Secondary outcomes are related to changes in (1) automatic approach tendencies and self-reported motivation to be active, (2) physical health and (3) mental health. Sedentary behaviours and self-reported PA will also be examined. The main time point of the analysis will be the week after the end of the intervention. These outcomes will also be assessed during the rehabilitation programme, as well as 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the intervention for secondary analyses. Ethics and dissemination The study will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of Geneva Canton, Switzerland (reference number: CCER2019-02257). All participants will give an informed consent to participate in the study. Results will be published in relevant scientific journals and be disseminated in international conferences. Trial registration details The clinical trial was registered at the German clinical trials register (reference number: DRKS00023617); Pre-results.
- Published
- 2021
23. The Associations of Common Psychological Problems With Mental Disorders Among College Students
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Cuijpers, P., Smit, F., Aalten, P., Batelaan, N., Klein, A., Salemink, E., Spinhoven, P., Struijs, S., Vonk, P., Wiers, R.W., de Wit, L., Gentili, C., Ebert, D.D, Bruffaerts, R., Kessler, R.C., Karyotaki, E., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Epidemiology and Data Science, APH - Mental Health, Psychiatry, Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Clinical Psychology, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center, APH - Global Health, Clinical, Neuro- & Developmental Psychology, RS: MHeNs - R1 - Cognitive Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, UM Student Desk - CSA, Research of the Student Medical Service, and Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG)
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Generalized anxiety disorder ,Psychological intervention ,RC435-571 ,medicine.disease_cause ,IDENTIFICATION TEST AUDIT ,INTERVIEW SCREENING SCALES ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,ADOLESCENTS ,medicine ,Bipolar disorder ,panic disorder ,generalized anxiety disorder ,METAANALYSIS ,Original Research ,Psychiatry ,bipolar disorder ,business.industry ,Panic disorder ,PSYCHOPATHOLOGY ,college students ,Perfectionism (psychology) ,medicine.disease ,PROCRASTINATION ,mental disorders ,Substance abuse ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,depression ,UNIVERSITY-STUDENTS ,Anxiety ,COGNITION ,psychological problems ,HEALTH ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Psychopathology ,Clinical psychology ,INTERVENTIONS - Abstract
Psychological problems like procrastination, perfectionism, low self-esteem, test anxiety and stress are common among college students. There are evidence-based interventions available for these problems that not only have direct effects on these problems, but also indirect effects on mental disorders such as depression and anxiety disorders. Targeting these psychological problems may offer new opportunities to prevent and treat mental disorders in a way that is less stigmatizing to students. In this study we examined the association of five psychological problems with five common mental disorders (panic, generalized anxiety, bipolar, major depressive, and substance use disorder) in a sample of 2,449 students from two Dutch universities. Psychological problems were measured with one item for each problem and mental disorders were measured with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Screening Scales. Associations were examined with Poisson regression models as relative risks (RR) of the disorders as a function of the psychological problems. The population attributable fraction (PAF) indicates by what percentage the prevalence of the mental disorder would be reduced if the psychological problem was addressed successfully by an intervention. Especially generalized anxiety disorder was strongly associated with psychological problems (strong associations with stress and low self-esteem and moderately with test anxiety). The group with three or more psychological problems had a strongly increased risk for generalized anxiety (RR = 11.25; 95% CI: 7.51-16.85), and a moderately increase risk for major depression (RR = 3.22; 95% CI: 2.63-3.95), panic disorder (RR = 3.19; 95% CI: 1.96-5.20) and bipolar disorder (RR = 3.66; 95% CI: 2.40-5.58). The PAFs for having any of the psychological problems (one or more) were considerable, especially for generalized anxiety (60.8%), but also for panic disorder (35.1%), bipolar disorder (30.6%) and major depression (34.0%). We conclude that common psychological problems are associated with mental disorders and with each other. After adjustment, psychological problems are associated with different patterns of mental disorders. If the impact of the psychological problems could be taken away, the prevalence of several mental disorders would be reduced considerably. The psychological problems may provide a promising target to indirectly prevent and intervene in psychopathology in hard to reach college students with mental disorders. ispartof: FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY vol:12 ispartof: location:Switzerland status: published
- Published
- 2021
24. Do implicitly measured math-anxiety associations play a role in math behavior?
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Schmitz, E. A., Jansen, B.R.J., Wiers, R.W., Salemink, E., Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG), Psychology Other Research (FMG), and FMG
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Male ,School ,Adolescent ,education ,Foreign language ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Anxiety ,Math performance ,Adolescents ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Quantitative Biology::Other ,050105 experimental psychology ,Mathematical anxiety ,Developmental psychology ,mental disorders ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Humans ,Trait anxiety ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Math problem ,Problem Solving ,Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition ,Implicit association ,05 social sciences ,Implicit-association test ,Contrast (statistics) ,Math behavior ,Computer Science::Computers and Society ,Implicit association test ,Female ,Self Report ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Math anxiety ,Mathematics ,psychological phenomena and processes ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
The current study examined the role of implicitly measured associations (henceforth referred to as associations) between math and anxiety in adolescents’ math anxiety. Previous research has shown that associations predicted behavior independent of explicit measures. In this study, it was investigated whether math–anxiety associations would be related to math anxiety and whether they predicted math behavior as well as state math anxiety independent of explicitly measured math anxiety. In addition, the domain specificity of math–anxiety associations for predicting math behavior was investigated. Adolescents’ anxiety associations and self-reported anxiety were assessed for three domains: math anxiety, foreign language (English) anxiety, and trait anxiety. A sample of 189 secondary school students performed three single-target implicit association tests, performed a math problem solving task, and filled out questionnaires. Overall, adolescents showed stronger math–anxiety associations in comparison with math–calmness associations. In contrast to our hypotheses, math–anxiety associations were not related and did not uniquely or specifically predict math behavior and state math anxiety. Explicit anxiety measures demonstrated specificity in predicting math and English grades as well as state math anxiety. The innovative aspects of this study are the investigation of implicitly measured math–anxiety associations and the relation to math anxiety and math behavior. Further research is needed to develop tasks that are better able to capture the most relevant math–threat associations and to investigate which math behavior might be most strongly influenced by these associations.
- Published
- 2019
25. A Web-Based Cognitive Bias Modification Intervention (Re-train Your Brain) for Emerging Adults With Co-occurring Social Anxiety and Hazardous Alcohol Use: Protocol for a Multiarm Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
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Prior, K., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., Teachman, B.A., Piggott, M., Newton, N.C., Teesson, M., Baillie, A.J., Manning, V., McLellan, L.F., Mahoney, A., Stapinski, L.A., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, FMG, and Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG)
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050103 clinical psychology ,Cognitive bias modification ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Approach bias ,Psychological intervention ,interpretation bias ,approach bias ,Binge drinking ,cognitive bias modification ,Anxiety ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Clinical endpoint ,Protocol ,Medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Emerging adults ,Medicine(all) ,business.industry ,alcohol ,05 social sciences ,Social anxiety ,emerging adults ,Repeated measures design ,General Medicine ,Interpretation bias ,anxiety ,030227 psychiatry ,Clinical trial ,Physical therapy ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Alcohol - Abstract
Background Alcohol use and anxiety disorders commonly co-occur, resulting in a more severe clinical presentation and poorer response to treatment. Research has shown that approach bias modification (ApBM) and interpretation bias modification (IBM) cognitive retraining interventions can be efficacious adjunctive treatments that improve outcomes for alcohol use and social anxiety, respectively. However, the acceptability, feasibility, and clinical utility of combining ApBM and IBM programs to optimize treatments among comorbid samples are unknown. It is also unclear whether integrating ApBM and IBM within each training session or alternating them between each session is more acceptable and efficacious. Objective This paper describes the protocol for a randomized controlled pilot trial investigating the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the Re-train Your Brain intervention—an adjunct web-based ApBM+IBM program—among a clinical sample of emerging adults with hazardous alcohol use and social anxiety. Methods The study involves a three-arm randomized controlled pilot trial in which treatment-seeking emerging adults (18-30 years) with co-occurring hazardous alcohol use and social anxiety will be individually randomized to receive the Re-train Your Brain integrated program, delivered with 10 biweekly sessions focusing on both social anxiety and alcohol each week, plus treatment as usual (TAU; ie, the model of care provided in accordance with standard practice at their service; n=30); the Re-train Your Brain alternating program, delivered with 10 biweekly sessions focusing on social anxiety one week and alcohol the next week, plus TAU (n=30); or TAU only (n=30). Primary outcomes include feasibility (uptake, follow-up rates, treatment adherence, attrition, and adverse events) and acceptability (system usability, client satisfaction, user experience, and training format preference). Secondary efficacy outcomes include changes in alcohol approach and interpretation biases, social anxiety, and alcohol use (eg, drinks per day, binge drinking, drinking motives, severity of dependence, and cravings). The primary end point will be posttreatment (6 weeks postbaseline), with a secondary end point at 3 months postbaseline. Descriptive statistics will be conducted for primary outcomes, whereas intention-to-treat, multilevel mixed effects analysis for repeated measures will be performed for secondary outcomes. Results This study is funded from 2019 to 2023 by Australian Rotary Health. Recruitment is expected to be completed by mid-2022 to late 2022, with follow-ups completed by early 2023. Conclusions This study will be the first to evaluate whether an ApBM+IBM program is acceptable to treatment-seeking, emerging adults and whether it can be feasibly delivered via the web, in settings where it will ultimately be used (eg, at home). The findings will broaden our understanding of the types of programs that emerging adults will engage with and whether the program may be an efficacious treatment option for this comorbidity. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12620001273976; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=364131 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/28667
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- 2021
26. Akrasia and addiction: Neurophilosophy and psychological mechanisms
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Wiers, R.W., van Gaal, S., Le Pelley, M.E., Harbecke, J., Herrmann-Pillath, C., Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG), and Brein en Cognitie (Psychologie, FMG)
- Abstract
In this chapter, the authors argue that human decision making is influenced by at least three types of input: bottom-up inherently salient stimuli (e.g., a loud noise), top-down goal-directed biasing, and conditioned reward and punishment signals. In addition, conditioned reward cues can capture attention, and in this way can bias decision making in the direction of cue with corresponding actions (i.e., addictive behavior), even when this counters other goals. Akrasia comes from the Greek term “lacking command” and refers to cases where people appear to act against their better judgment or cases of “weaknesses of the will”. At first sight, human Akrasia problems may seem surprising, given that with evolution, progressively more advanced and abstract control mechanisms have developed, built upon simpler reflex-like processes. Regarding practical implications, there is emerging evidence that sign-tracking develops more strongly when the addictive behavior develops during adolescence; this calls for effective prevention aimed at delaying onset until adulthood, which is not easy to achieve.
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- 2021
27. Effect of Cognitive Bias Modification on Early Relapse among Adults Undergoing Inpatient Alcohol Withdrawal Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
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Manning V., Staiger P.K., Lubman D.I., Lum J.A.G., Reynolds J., Hall K., Bonomo Y., Garfield J.B.B., Lloyd-Jones M., Wiers R.W., Piercy H., Jacka D., Verdejo-Garcia A., Manning V., Staiger P.K., Lubman D.I., Lum J.A.G., Reynolds J., Hall K., Bonomo Y., Garfield J.B.B., Lloyd-Jones M., Wiers R.W., Piercy H., Jacka D., and Verdejo-Garcia A.
- Abstract
Importance: More than half of patients with alcohol use disorder who receive inpatient withdrawal treatment relapse within weeks of discharge, hampering subsequent uptake and effectiveness of psychological and pharmacologic interventions. Cognitive bias modification (CBM) improves outcomes after alcohol rehabilitation, but the efficacy of delivering CBM during withdrawal treatment has not yet been established. Objective(s): To test the hypothesis that CBM would increase the likelihood of abstaining from alcohol during the 2 weeks following discharge from inpatient withdrawal treatment. Design, Setting, and Participant(s): In a randomized clinical trial, 950 patients in 4 inpatient withdrawal units in Melbourne, Australia, were screened for eligibility between June 4, 2017, and July 14, 2019, to receive CBM or sham treatment. Patients with moderate or severe alcohol use disorder aged 18 to 65 years who had no neurologic illness or traumatic brain injury were eligible. Two-week follow-up, conducted by researchers blinded to the participant's condition, was the primary end point. Both per-protocol and intention-to-treat analysis were conducted. Intervention(s): Randomized to 4 consecutive daily sessions of CBM designed to reduce alcohol approach bias or sham training not designed to modify approach bias. Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcome was abstinence assessed using a timeline followback interview. Participants were classified as abstinent (no alcohol use in the first 14 days following discharge) or relapsed (any alcohol use during the first 14 days following discharge or lost to follow-up). Result(s): Of the 950 patients screened for eligibility, 338 did not meet inclusion criteria, 108 were discharged before being approached, and 192 refused. Of the 312 patients who consented (referred sample), 12 withdrew before being randomized. In the final population of 300 randomized patients (CBM, n = 147; sham, n = 153), 248 completed the intervention and 272 comple
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- 2021
28. A Web-Based Cognitive Bias Modification Intervention (Re-train Your Brain) for Emerging Adults With Co-occurring Social Anxiety and Hazardous Alcohol Use: Protocol for a Multiarm Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Prior, K., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., Teachman, B.A., Piggott, M., Newton, N.C., Teesson, M., Baillie, A.J., Manning, V., McLellan, L.F., Mahoney, A., Stapinski, L.A., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Prior, K., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., Teachman, B.A., Piggott, M., Newton, N.C., Teesson, M., Baillie, A.J., Manning, V., McLellan, L.F., Mahoney, A., and Stapinski, L.A.
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- 2021
29. Online computer or therapist-guided cognitive behavioral therapy in university students with anxiety and/or depression: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Klein, A., Wolters, N.E., Bol, E.J.M., Koelen, J., de Koning, L., Roetink, S.S.M., van Blom, J.J., Pronk, T., van der Heijde, C., Salemink, E., Bolinski, F., Riper, H., Karyotaki, E., Cuijpers, P., Schneider, S, Rapee, R.M., Vonk, P., Wiers, R.W., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Klein, A., Wolters, N.E., Bol, E.J.M., Koelen, J., de Koning, L., Roetink, S.S.M., van Blom, J.J., Pronk, T., van der Heijde, C., Salemink, E., Bolinski, F., Riper, H., Karyotaki, E., Cuijpers, P., Schneider, S, Rapee, R.M., Vonk, P., and Wiers, R.W.
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- 2021
30. The Associations of Common Psychological Problems With Mental Disorders Among College Students
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Cuijpers, P., Smit, F., Aalten, P., Batelaan, N., Klein, A., Salemink, E., Spinhoven, P., Struijs, S., Vonk, P., Wiers, R.W., de Wit, L., Gentili, C., Ebert, D.D, Bruffaerts, R., Kessler, R.C., Karyotaki, E., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Cuijpers, P., Smit, F., Aalten, P., Batelaan, N., Klein, A., Salemink, E., Spinhoven, P., Struijs, S., Vonk, P., Wiers, R.W., de Wit, L., Gentili, C., Ebert, D.D, Bruffaerts, R., Kessler, R.C., and Karyotaki, E.
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- 2021
31. Dual processes in fear and anxiety: no effects of cognitive load on the predictive value of implicit measures
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Van Bockstaele, B., Tibboel, H., Larsen, H., Wiers, R.W., Bögels, S.M., Salemink, E., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Van Bockstaele, B., Tibboel, H., Larsen, H., Wiers, R.W., Bögels, S.M., and Salemink, E.
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- 2021
32. A computational network perspective on pediatric anxiety symptoms
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Abend, R., Bajaj, M.A, Coppersmith, D.D.L., Kircanski, K., Haller, S.P., Cardinale, E.M., Salum, G.A., Wiers, R.W., Salemink, E., Pettit, J.W., Pérez-Edgar, K., Lebowitz, E.R., Silverman, W.K., Bar-Haim, Y., Brotman, M.A., Leibenluft, E., Fried, E.I., Pine, D.S., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Abend, R., Bajaj, M.A, Coppersmith, D.D.L., Kircanski, K., Haller, S.P., Cardinale, E.M., Salum, G.A., Wiers, R.W., Salemink, E., Pettit, J.W., Pérez-Edgar, K., Lebowitz, E.R., Silverman, W.K., Bar-Haim, Y., Brotman, M.A., Leibenluft, E., Fried, E.I., and Pine, D.S.
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- 2021
33. Het hertrainen van automatische cognitieve processen bij angsten verslavingsproblematiek
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van Deursen, D.S., Salemink, E., and Wiers, R.W.
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- 2009
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34. The Tangible Common Denominator of Substance Use Disorders: A Reply to Commentaries to Rehm et al. (2013a)
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Rehm, J., Anderson, P., Gual, A., Kraus, L., Marmet, S., Nutt, D.J., Room, R., Samokhvalov, A.V., Scafato, E., Shield, K.D., Trapencieris, M., Wiers, R.W., and Gmel, G.
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- 2014
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35. Defining Substance Use Disorders: Do We Really Need More Than Heavy Use?
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Rehm, J., Marmet, S., Anderson, P., Gual, A., Kraus, L., Nutt, D.J., Room, R., Samokhvalov, A.V., Scafato, E., Trapencieris, M., Wiers, R.W., and Gmel, G.
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- 2013
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36. Combining web-based attentional bias modification and approach bias modification as a self-help smoking intervention for adult smokers seeking online help: Double-blind randomized controlled trial
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Wen, S. (Si), Larsen, H. (Helle), Boffo, M. (Marilisa), Grasman, R.P.P.P. (Raoul P.P.P.), Pronk, T. (Thomas), Van Wijngaarden, J.B.G. (Joeri B.G.), Wiers, R.W. (Reinout), Wen, S. (Si), Larsen, H. (Helle), Boffo, M. (Marilisa), Grasman, R.P.P.P. (Raoul P.P.P.), Pronk, T. (Thomas), Van Wijngaarden, J.B.G. (Joeri B.G.), and Wiers, R.W. (Reinout)
- Abstract
Background: Automatically activated cognitive motivational processes such as the tendency to attend to or approach smoking-related stimuli (ie, attentional and approach bias) have been related to smoking behaviors. Therefore, these cognitive biases are thought to play a role in maintaining smoking behaviors. Cognitive biases can be modified with cognitive bias modification (CBM), which holds promise as an easy-access and low-cost online intervention. However, little is known about the effectiveness of online interventions combining two varieties of CBM. Targeting multiple cognitive biases may improve treatment outcomes because these biases have been shown to be relatively independent. Objective: This study aimed to test the individual and combined effects of two web-based CBM varieties-attentional bias modification (AtBM) and approach bias modification (ApBM)-in a double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a 2 (AtBM: Active versus sham) × 2 (ApBM: Active versus sham) factorial design. Methods: A total of 504 adult smokers seeking online help to quit smoking were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 experimental conditions to receive 11 fully automated CBM training sessions. To increase participants' intrinsic motivation to change their smoking behaviors, all participants first received brief, automated, tailored feedback. The primary outcome was point prevalence abstinence during the study period. Secondary outcomes included daily cigarette use and attentional and approach bias. All outcomes were repeatedly self-assessed online from baseline to the 3-month follow-up. For the examination of training effects on outcome changes, an intention-to-treat analysis with a multilevel modeling (MLM) approach was adopted. Results: Only 10.7% (54/504) of the participants completed all 11 training sessions, and 8.3% (42/504) of the participants reached the 3-month follow-up assessment. MLM showed that over time, neither AtBM or ApBM nor a combination of both differed from their r
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- 2020
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37. Acceptability and Co-Development of an Online Cognitive Bias Modification Intervention for Emerging Adults With Hazardous Alcohol Use and Social Anxiety: A Mixed Methods Study
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Prior, K., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., Teachman, B.A., Piggott, M., Newton, N.C., Teesson, M., Baillie, A.J., Campbell, S., Stapinski, L.A., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Prior, K., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., Teachman, B.A., Piggott, M., Newton, N.C., Teesson, M., Baillie, A.J., Campbell, S., and Stapinski, L.A.
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- 2020
38. Reliability and validity of measures of attentional bias towards threat in unselected student samples: seek, but will you find?
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Van Bockstaele, B., Lamens, L., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., Bögels, S.M., Nikolaou, K., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Van Bockstaele, B., Lamens, L., Salemink, E., Wiers, R.W., Bögels, S.M., and Nikolaou, K.
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- 2020
39. Potions for Emotions: Do self-reported individual differences in negative-emotional drinking predict alcohol consumption in the laboratory following exposure to a negative experience?
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Austin, H.R.T., Notebaert, L., Wiers, R.W., Salemink, E., MacLeod, C., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Austin, H.R.T., Notebaert, L., Wiers, R.W., Salemink, E., and MacLeod, C.
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- 2020
40. The use of the alcohol use disorders identification test: Consumption as an indicator of hazardous alcohol use among university students
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Verhoog, S., Dopmeijer, J.M., de Jonge, J.M., van der Heijde, C.M., Vonk, P., Bovens, R.H.L.M., de Boer, M.R., Hoekstra, T., Kunst, A.E., Wiers, R.W., Kuipers, M.A.G., Verhoog, S., Dopmeijer, J.M., de Jonge, J.M., van der Heijde, C.M., Vonk, P., Bovens, R.H.L.M., de Boer, M.R., Hoekstra, T., Kunst, A.E., Wiers, R.W., and Kuipers, M.A.G.
- Abstract
Background: Hazardous drinking among students in higher education is a growing concern. The alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) is the gold standard screening instrument for hazardous drinking in the adult population, for which an abbreviated version has been developed: the AUDIT-Consumption (AUDIT-C). Currently, there’s no gold standard for identifying hazardous drinking among students in higher education and little evidence regarding the concurrent validity of the AUDIT-C as a screening instrument for this group. This study investigated the concurrent validity of the AUDIT-C in a sample of university students and suggests the most appropriate cutoff points. Methods: Cross-sectional data of health surveys from 5,401 university and university of applied sciences in the Netherlands were used. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for different cutoff scores of AUDIT-C were calculated for the total sample and for subgroups stratified by age, gender, and educational level. AUDIT-score ≥11 was used as the criterion of hazardous and harmful drinking. Results: Twenty percent of students were hazardous and harmful drinkers. The area under the ROC curve was 0.922 (95% CI 0.914–0.930). At an AUDIT-C cutoff score of ≥7, sensitivity and specificity were both >80%, while other cutoffs showed less balanced results. A cutoff of ≥8 performed better among males, but for other subgroups ≥7 was most suitable. Conclusion: AUDIT-C seems valid in identifying hazardous and harmful drinking students, with suggested optimal cutoffs 7 (females) or 8 (males). However, considerations regarding avoiding false-positives versus false-negatives, in relation to the type of intervention following screening, could lead to selecting different cutoffs.
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- 2020
41. Online computer or therapist-guided cognitive behavioral therapy in university students with anxiety and/or depression: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial
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Klein, A., Wolters, N.E., Bol, E.J.M., Koelen, J., de Koning, L., Roetink, S.S.M., van Blom, J.J., Pronk, T., van der Heijde, C., Salemink, E., Bolinski, F., Riper, H., Karyotaki, E., Cuijpers, P., Schneider, S, Rapee, R.M., Vonk, P., Wiers, R.W., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, and Leerstoel Engelhard
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Adult ,Universities ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Psychological intervention ,Anxiety ,medicine.disease_cause ,law.invention ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,Randomized controlled trial ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,law ,Medicine ,Humans ,Students ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Medicine(all) ,Internet ,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ,business.industry ,Depression ,Social anxiety ,General Medicine ,Perfectionism (psychology) ,Mental health ,Anxiety Disorders ,Cognitive behavioral therapy ,Mental Health ,Treatment Outcome ,depression & mood disorders ,Quality of Life ,adult psychiatry ,medicine.symptom ,business ,SDG 4 - Quality Education ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
IntroductionEmerging adulthood is a phase in life that is associated with an increased risk to develop a variety of mental health disorders including anxiety and depression. However, less than 25% of university students receive professional help for their mental health reports. Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) may entail useful interventions in a format that is attractive for university students. The aim of this study protocol is to test the effectiveness of a therapist-guided versus a computer-guided transdiagnostic iCBT programme with a main focus on anxiety and depression.Methods and analysisUniversity students with anxiety and/or depressive symptoms will be randomised to a (1) 7-week iCBT programme (excluding booster session) with therapist feedback, (2) the identical iCBT programme with computer feedback only or (3) care as usual. Participants in the care as usual condition are informed and referred to conventional care services and encouraged to seek the help they need. Primary outcome variables are self-reported levels of anxiety as measured with the General Anxiety Disorder-7 and self-reported levels of depression as measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Secondary outcomes include treatment adherence, client satisfaction, medical service use, substance use, quality of life and academic achievement. Assessments will take place at baseline (t1), midtreatment (t2), post-treatment (t3), at 6 months (t4) and 12 months (t5) postbaseline. Social anxiety and perfectionism are included as potentially important predictors of treatment outcome. Power calculations are based on a 3 (group) × 3 (measurement: pretreatment, midtreatment and post-treatment) interaction, resulting in an aimed sample of 276 participants. Data will be analysed based on intention-to-treat and per protocol samples using mixed linear models.Ethics and disseminationThe current study was approved by the Medical Ethics Review Committee (METC) of the Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (number: NL64929.018.18). Results of this trial will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNL7328.
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- 2021
42. Neural response to alcohol taste cues in youth: effects of the OPRM1 gene
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Korucuoglu, O., Gladwin, T.E., Baas, F., Mocking, R.J.T., Ruhé, H.G., Groot, P.F.C., Wiers, R.W., and Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG)
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Stress-related disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 13] - Abstract
Genetic variations in the mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) gene have been related to high sensitivity to rewarding effects of alcohol. The current study focuses on the neural circuitry underlying this phenomenon using an alcohol versus water taste-cue reactivity paradigm in a young sample at relatively early stages of alcohol use, thus limiting the confound of variations in duration of alcohol use. Drinkers (17–21 years old) were selected on genotype carrying the AA—(n = 20) or the AG—(n = 16) variant of the A118G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the OPRM1 gene (rs1799971), and underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Magnitude of the neural activity and frontostriatal functional connectivity in response to alcohol versus water were investigated. The AG-group demonstrated reduced activation in prefrontal and parietal regions, including the inferior and middle frontal gyrus, superior and inferior parietal lobule, compared with the AA-group. No activation differences were observed in the mesolimbic pathway. Connectivity from the ventral-striatum to frontal regions for alcohol > water trials was higher in the AG than the AA group. For the dorsal-striatum seed region, the AG group showed increased connectivity to non-PFC regions. These results indicate that adolescents carrying the G-allele may be more vulnerable for the alcohol to hijack the reward system in the absence of frontal control to regulate craving. This implies that findings of hyperactivation in the mesolimbic structures of G-allele carriers in earlier studies might result from both genetic susceptibility and heavy drinking.
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- 2017
43. A clinical trial with combined transcranial direct current stimulation and alcohol approach bias retraining
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den Uyl, T.E., Gladwin, T.E., Rinck, M., Lindenmeyer, J., Wiers, R.W., and Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG)
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Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 177700.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Two studies showed an improvement in clinical outcomes after alcohol approach bias retraining, a form of Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM). We investigated whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could enhance effects of CBM. TDCS is a neuromodulation technique that can increase neuroplasticity and has previously been found to reduce craving. One hundred alcohol-dependent inpatients (91 used for analysis) were randomized into three experimental groups in a double-blind parallel design. The experimental group received four sessions of CBM while receiving 2 mA of anodal tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). There were two control groups: One received sham stimulation during training and one received active stimulation at a different moment. Treatment outcomes were abstinence duration (primary) and relapse after 3 and 12 months, craving and approach bias (secondary). Craving and approach bias scores decreased over time; there were no significant interactions with experimental condition. There was no effect on abstinence duration after three months (X2(2) = 3.53, p = 0.77). However, a logistic regression on relapse rates after one year (standard outcome in the clinic, but not-preregistered) showed a trend when relevant predictors were included; relapse was lower in the condition receiving active stimulation during CBM only when comparing to sham stimulation (B = 1.52, S.E. = .836, p = .07, without predictors: p = .19). No strong evidence for a specific enhancement effect of tDCS on CBM was found. However, in a post-hoc analysis, tDCS combined with CBM showed a promising trend on treatment outcome. Important limitations are discussed, and replication is necessary to find more reliable effects. 9 p.
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- 2017
44. Believing Is Seeing: A Proof-of-Concept Semiexperimental Study on Using Mobile Virtual Reality to Boost the Effects of Interpretation Bias Modification for Anxiety
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Otkhmezuri, B., Boffo, M., Siriaraya, P., Matsangidou, M., Wiers, R.W., Mackintosh, B., Ang, C.S., Salemink, E., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Psychology Other Research (FMG), and Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG)
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050103 clinical psychology ,Cognitive bias modification ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Health Informatics ,Virtual reality ,Anxiety ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immersion ,Immersion (virtual reality) ,medicine ,Presence ,Trait anxiety ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,media_common ,Original Paper ,05 social sciences ,Stressor ,Head mounted display ,Interpretation bias ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Feeling ,Emotional reactivity ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Social psychology - Abstract
Background Cognitive Bias Modification of Interpretations (CBM-I) is a computerized intervention designed to change negatively biased interpretations of ambiguous information, which underlie and reinforce anxiety. The repetitive and monotonous features of CBM-I can negatively impact training adherence and learning processes. Objective This proof-of-concept study aimed to examine whether performing a CBM-I training using mobile virtual reality technology (virtual reality Cognitive Bias Modification of Interpretations [VR-CBM-I]) improves training experience and effectiveness. Methods A total of 42 students high in trait anxiety completed 1 session of either VR-CBM-I or standard CBM-I training for performance anxiety. Participants’ feelings of immersion and presence, emotional reactivity to a stressor, and changes in interpretation bias and state anxiety, were assessed. Results The VR-CBM-I resulted in greater feelings of presence (P Conclusions This study provided first evidence that (1) the putative working principles underlying CBM-I trainings can be translated into a virtual environment and (2) virtual reality holds promise as a tool to boost the effects of CMB-I training for highly anxious individuals while increasing users’ experience with the training application.
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- 2019
45. Innovative Treatment Approaches in Gambling Disorder
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Snippe, L., Boffo, M., Stewart, S.H., Dom, G., Wiers, R.W., Heinz, A., Romanczuk-Seiferth, N., Potenza, M.N., Psychology Other Research (FMG), and Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG)
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Cognitive bias modification ,education.field_of_study ,Best practice ,Addiction ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,Applied psychology ,Psychological intervention ,Cognitive training ,Personalization ,Empirical research ,Human medicine ,Psychology ,education ,media_common - Abstract
Excessive gambling behavior is a complex psychopathological phenomenon, characterized by the interaction of multiple etiological factors and by a very heterogeneous symptomatological expression. To date, there are no existing evidence-based “best practice” treatment standards for gambling disorder. Healthcare providers and clinicians are further challenged by the difficulty in reaching out to individuals suffering from gambling problems. Despite a surge of empirical studies on various therapeutic approaches addressing disordered gambling, there is an urgent need for the development of suitable and cost-effective helping tools. This chapter presents a narrative overview of recent advances in the development of and research on innovative treatment approaches and treatment modalities for gambling problems, ranging from training interventions based on addiction models, such as Cognitive Bias Modification and general cognitive training programs; neuromodulation techniques, and employment of modern digital technology to promote large-scale support services and overcome treatment barriers, to personalization of existing interventions to individual and culture-based characteristics and preferences, and integration of multiple methods. Each section of this chapter presents existing preliminary evidence for such novel treatment approaches in the domain of disordered gambling and, when not available, results in the broader field of addictive behaviors. Altogether, these novel venues of research on gambling interventions share the goal of enhancing therapeutic effects and overcoming barriers and limitations to existing treatment programs by meeting the heterogeneous needs and demands of this peculiar clinical population.
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- 2019
46. Effects of interpretation bias modification on unregulated and regulated emotional reactivity
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Van Bockstaele, B.D., Notebaert, L., Salemink, E., Clarke, P.J.F., MacLeod, C.M., Wiers, R.W., Bögels, S.M., Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, Psychology Other Research (FMG), FMG, Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG), and Research Institute for Child Development and Education
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Adult ,Male ,050103 clinical psychology ,Cognitive bias modification ,education ,Context (language use) ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Anxiety ,Thinking ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Reactivity (psychology) ,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ,Reappraisal ,Emotion regulation ,05 social sciences ,Stressor ,Social anxiety ,Interpretation bias ,030227 psychiatry ,Emotional Regulation ,Clinical Psychology ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Treatment Outcome ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Stress reactivity ,Psychology ,Stress, Psychological ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Background and objectivesAlthough induced changes in interpretation bias can lead to reduced levels of stress reactivity, results are often inconsistent. One possible cause of the inconsistencies in the effects of interpretation bias modification (IBM) on stress reactivity is the degree to which participants engaged in emotion regulation while being exposed to stressors. In this study, we distinguished between the effects of IBM on natural, unregulated stress reactivity and the effects of IBM on people's ability to up- or downregulate this stress reactivity.MethodBoth in the context of general anxiety (Experiment 1, N = 59) and social anxiety (Experiment 2, N = 54), we trained participants to interpret ambiguous scenarios in either a positive or a negative manner, and we assessed the effects on unregulated and regulated stress reactivity.ResultsAlthough we found relatively consistent training-congruent changes in interpretation bias in both experiments, these changes had no effect on either unregulated or regulated stress reactivity.LimitationsIn both experiments, we used healthy student samples and relatively mild emotional stressors.ConclusionsIn line with previous research, our findings suggest that the effects of IBM on unregulated stress reactivity may be small and inconsistent. Differences in the extent to which participants engaged in emotion regulation during stressor exposure are unlikely to account for these inconsistencies.
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- 2019
47. Is (poly-) substance use associated with impaired inhibitory control? A mega-analysis controlling for confounders
- Author
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Liu, Y. (Yang), van den Wildenberg, W.P.M. (Wery P.M.), de Graaf, Y. (Ysanne), Ames, S.L. (Susan L.), Baldacchino, A. (Alexander), Bø, R. (Ragnhild), Cadaveira, F. (Fernando), Campanella, S. (Salvatore), Christiansen, P. (Paul), Claus, E.D. (Eric D.), Colzato, L.S. (Lorenza S.), Filbey, F.M. (Francesca M.), Foxe, J.J. (John J.), Garavan, H. (Hugh), Hendershot, C.S. (Christian S.), Hester, R. (Rob), Jester, J.M. (Jennifer M.), Karoly, H.C. (Hollis C.), Kräplin, A. (Anja), Kreusch, F. (Fanny), Landrø, N.I. (Nils Inge), Littel, M. (Marianne), Loeber, S. (Sabine), London, E.D. (Edythe D.), López-Caneda, E. (Eduardo), Lubman, D.I. (Dan I.), Luijten, M. (Maartje), Marczinski, C.A. (Cecile A.), Metrik, J. (Jane), Montgomery, C. (Catharine), Papachristou, H. (Harilaos), Mi Park, S. (Su), Paz, A.L. (Andres L.), Petit, G. (Géraldine), Prisciandaro, J.J. (James J.), Quednow, B.B. (Boris B.), Ray, L.A. (Lara A.), Roberts, C.A. (Carl A.), Roberts, G.M.P. (Gloria M.P.), Ruiter, M.B. (Michiel) de, Rupp, C.I. (Claudia I.), Steele, V.R. (Vaughn R.), Sun, D. (Delin), Takagi, M. (Michael), Tapert, S.F. (Susan F.), Holst, R.J. (Ruth) van, Verdejo-Garcia, A. (Antonio), Vonmoos, M. (Matthias), Wojnar, M. (Marcin), Yao, Y. (Yuanwei), Yücel, M. (Murat), Zack, M. (Martin), Zucker, R.A. (Robert A.), Huizenga, H.M. (Hilde M.), Wiers, R.W. (Reinout), Liu, Y. (Yang), van den Wildenberg, W.P.M. (Wery P.M.), de Graaf, Y. (Ysanne), Ames, S.L. (Susan L.), Baldacchino, A. (Alexander), Bø, R. (Ragnhild), Cadaveira, F. (Fernando), Campanella, S. (Salvatore), Christiansen, P. (Paul), Claus, E.D. (Eric D.), Colzato, L.S. (Lorenza S.), Filbey, F.M. (Francesca M.), Foxe, J.J. (John J.), Garavan, H. (Hugh), Hendershot, C.S. (Christian S.), Hester, R. (Rob), Jester, J.M. (Jennifer M.), Karoly, H.C. (Hollis C.), Kräplin, A. (Anja), Kreusch, F. (Fanny), Landrø, N.I. (Nils Inge), Littel, M. (Marianne), Loeber, S. (Sabine), London, E.D. (Edythe D.), López-Caneda, E. (Eduardo), Lubman, D.I. (Dan I.), Luijten, M. (Maartje), Marczinski, C.A. (Cecile A.), Metrik, J. (Jane), Montgomery, C. (Catharine), Papachristou, H. (Harilaos), Mi Park, S. (Su), Paz, A.L. (Andres L.), Petit, G. (Géraldine), Prisciandaro, J.J. (James J.), Quednow, B.B. (Boris B.), Ray, L.A. (Lara A.), Roberts, C.A. (Carl A.), Roberts, G.M.P. (Gloria M.P.), Ruiter, M.B. (Michiel) de, Rupp, C.I. (Claudia I.), Steele, V.R. (Vaughn R.), Sun, D. (Delin), Takagi, M. (Michael), Tapert, S.F. (Susan F.), Holst, R.J. (Ruth) van, Verdejo-Garcia, A. (Antonio), Vonmoos, M. (Matthias), Wojnar, M. (Marcin), Yao, Y. (Yuanwei), Yücel, M. (Murat), Zack, M. (Martin), Zucker, R.A. (Robert A.), Huizenga, H.M. (Hilde M.), and Wiers, R.W. (Reinout)
- Abstract
Many studies have reported that heavy substance use is associated with impaired response inhibition. Studies typically focused on associations with a single substance, while polysubstance use is common. Further, most studies compared heavy users with light/non-users, though substance use occurs along a continuum. The current mega-analysis accounted for these issues by aggregating individual data from 43 studies (3610 adult participants) that used the Go/No-Go (GNG) or Stop-signal task (SST) to assess inhibition among mostly “recreational” substance users (i.e., the rate of substance use disorders was low). Main and interaction effects of substance use, demographics, and task-characteristics were entered in a linear mixed model. Contrary to many studies and reviews in the field, we found that only lifetime cannabis use was associated with impaired response inhibition in the SST. An interaction effect was also observed: the relationship between tobacco use and response inhibition (in the SST) differed between cannabis users and non-users, with a negative association between tobacco use and inhibition in the cannabis non-users. In addition, participants’ age, education level, and some task characteristics influenced inhibition outcomes. Overall, we found limited support for impaired inhibition among substance users when controlling for demographics and task-characteristics.
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- 2019
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- View/download PDF
48. Effects of interpretation bias modification on unregulated and regulated emotional reactivity
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Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, Van Bockstaele, B.D., Notebaert, L., Salemink, E., Clarke, P.J.F., MacLeod, C.M., Wiers, R.W., Bögels, S.M., Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, Van Bockstaele, B.D., Notebaert, L., Salemink, E., Clarke, P.J.F., MacLeod, C.M., Wiers, R.W., and Bögels, S.M.
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- 2019
49. Do implicitly measured math–anxiety associations play a role in math behavior?
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Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, Schmitz, E. A., Jansen, B.R.J., Wiers, R.W., Salemink, E., Leerstoel Engelhard, Experimental psychopathology, Schmitz, E. A., Jansen, B.R.J., Wiers, R.W., and Salemink, E.
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- 2019
50. Believing is seeing: A proof-of-concept semiexperimental study on using mobile virtual reality to boost the effects of interpretation bias modification for anxiety
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Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Otkhmezuri, B., Boffo, M., Siriaraya, P., Matsangidou, M., Wiers, R.W., Mackintosh, B., Ang, C.S., Salemink, E., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, Otkhmezuri, B., Boffo, M., Siriaraya, P., Matsangidou, M., Wiers, R.W., Mackintosh, B., Ang, C.S., and Salemink, E.
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- 2019
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