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6. How best to treat 'long-haulers' with reactive arthritis?

Author

Hahn, David L., Hudson, Alan P., Stratton, Charles, Webley, Wilmore, and Whittum-Hudson, Judith

Subjects
Health
Abstract

In the June Photo Rounds column, 'Foot rash and joint pain' (J Fam Pract. 2021;70:249-251), Badon et al presented a case of chlamydia-associated reactive arthritis (ReA), formerly called Reiter syndrome, [...]

Published
2021

15. Contributors

Author

Abadie, Valérie, primary, Abraham, Clara, additional, Adams, David H., additional, Agace, William W., additional, Alexander-Brett, Jennifer, additional, Alkhairy, Omar, additional, Ambite, Ines, additional, Anderson, Deborah J., additional, Artis, David, additional, Atmar, Robert L., additional, Aymeric, Laetitia, additional, Bachert, Claus, additional, Bakema, Jantine E., additional, Baker, Kristi, additional, Beagley, Kenneth W., additional, Befus, A.D., additional, Bemark, Mats, additional, Berin, M. Cecilia, additional, Berings, Margot, additional, Berzofsky, Jay A., additional, Bilej, Martin, additional, Biswas, Nabanita, additional, Blumberg, Richard S., additional, Bienenstock, John, additional, Bogdanos, Dimitrios, additional, Boirivant, Monica, additional, Boonnak, Kobporn, additional, Bracke, Ken R., additional, Brandtzaeg, Per, additional, Braun, Jonathan, additional, Bringer, Marie-Agnès, additional, Broadbent, Andrew J., additional, Bronson, Richard, additional, Brusselle, Guy G., additional, Bulmer, Judith N., additional, Butler, J.E., additional, Cardenas, Paul A., additional, Cebra, John J., additional, Cella, Marina, additional, Cerutti, Andrea, additional, Challacombe, Stephen J., additional, Chattha, Kuldeep, additional, Cheroutre, Hilde, additional, Chiba, Tsutomu, additional, Chorny, Alejo, additional, Clements, John D., additional, Colonna, Marco, additional, Cookson, William O.C., additional, Corbeil, Lynette B., additional, Corthésy, Blaise, additional, Cripps, Allan W., additional, van Crombruggen, Koen, additional, Pires da Cunha, Andre, additional, Cunningham-Rundles, Susanna, additional, Curtiss, Roy, additional, Darfeuille-Michaud, Arlette, additional, de Jonge, Wouter J., additional, Deban, Livija, additional, Denning, Timothy L., additional, Di Santo, James P., additional, Diefenbach, Andreas, additional, DiRita, Victor J., additional, Downey, Jordan, additional, Du, Ming-Qing, additional, Edelblum, Karen L., additional, van Egmond, Marjolein, additional, Epple, H.-J., additional, Fagarasan, Sidonia, additional, Fahey, John V., additional, Ferris, Michael J., additional, Fichtner-Feigl, Stefan, additional, Fidel, Paul L., additional, Flach, Melanie, additional, Flavell, Richard, additional, Fleit, Howard B., additional, Franchini, Genoveffa, additional, Freytag, Lucy C., additional, Fuchs, Anja, additional, Fujihashi, kohtaro, additional, Fuss, Ivan J., additional, Gagliani, Nicola, additional, Garcia, Marta Rodriguez, additional, Garrett, Wendy S., additional, Gershwin, M. Eric, additional, Gevaert, Philippe, additional, Gleeson, Maree, additional, Godaly, Gabriela, additional, Goldblum, Randall M., additional, Gour, Naina, additional, Gursel, Mayda, additional, Hajishengallis, George, additional, Hammad, Hamida, additional, Hammarström, Lennart, additional, Hänninen, Arno, additional, Hanson, Lars Å., additional, Hayday, Adrian, additional, Herzog, Ronit, additional, Hodgins, Douglas C., additional, Holgate, Stephen T., additional, Holmgren, Jan, additional, Holtzman, Michael J., additional, Hook, Edward W., additional, Huber, Samuel, additional, Hurwitz, Julia L., additional, Ivanyi, Juraj, additional, Iwasaki, Akiko, additional, Jabri, Bana, additional, Jackson, Susan, additional, Jacobs, Jonathan, additional, Jalkanen, Sirpa, additional, Janoff, Edward N., additional, Jerse, Ann E., additional, Jeyanathan, Mangalakumari, additional, Julian, Bruce A., additional, Kacskovics, Imre, additional, Kaetzel, Charlotte S., additional, Kaushic, Charu, additional, Kelsall, Brian L., additional, Kessans, Sarah, additional, Kesselring, Rebecca, additional, Kilian, Mogens, additional, Kiyono, Hiroshi, additional, Klinman, Dennis M., additional, Korotkova, Marina, additional, Kronenberg, Mitchell, additional, Krysko, Olga, additional, Kurono, Yuichi, additional, Kverka, Miloslav, additional, Lambrecht, Bart N., additional, Lamm, Michael E., additional, Lantz, Olivier, additional, Lash, Gendie E., additional, Lavelle, E.C., additional, Lefrancois, Leo, additional, Leung, Patrick S.C., additional, Levine, Myron M., additional, Lim, David J., additional, Lippolis, John, additional, Louis, Nancy A., additional, Luster, Andrew D., additional, Lutay, Nataliya, additional, Lycke, Nils, additional, Macpherson, Andrew J., additional, Mantis, Nicholas J., additional, Marcotte, Harold, additional, Martin, David H., additional, Mason, Hugh S., additional, Massa, Helen M., additional, Matoba, Nobuyuki, additional, Mayer, Lloyd, additional, Maynard, Craig L., additional, McElrath, M. Juliana, additional, McEntee, C., additional, McGhee, Jerry R., additional, McGuckin, Michael A., additional, Mestecky, Jiri, additional, Mikhak, Zamaneh, additional, Miller, Robert D., additional, Moldoveanu, Zina, additional, Montgomery, Paul C., additional, Mor, Tsafrir, additional, Neurath, Markus F., additional, Neyt, Katrijn, additional, Nicholson, Lindsay K., additional, Novak, Jan, additional, Nowicki, Stella, additional, O’Hagan, D.T., additional, O’Sullivan, Nancy L., additional, Ogra, Pearay, additional, Orihuela, Carlos, additional, Ouellette, André J., additional, Owen, Robert L., additional, Pabst, Oliver, additional, Parkos, Charles A., additional, Parreño, Viviana, additional, Patel, Mickey V., additional, Perez-Novo, Claudina, additional, Perkins, Darren J., additional, Prussin, Calman, additional, Pudney, Jeffrey, additional, Raghavan, Sukanya, additional, Rainard, Pascal, additional, Ramani, Sasirekha, additional, Randall, Troy D., additional, Raska, Milan, additional, Renukaradhya, Gourapura J., additional, Rescigno, Maria, additional, Rosenthal, Kenneth L., additional, Rothenberg, Marc E., additional, Ruemmele, Frank M., additional, Russell, Michael W., additional, Saif, Linda J., additional, Salinas, Irene, additional, Salmi, Marko, additional, Salmon, Henri, additional, Sampson, Hugh A., additional, Sansonetti, Philippe, additional, Schneider, T., additional, Serafini, Nicolas, additional, Sharma, Dolly, additional, Shen, Zheng, additional, Shi, Hai Ning, additional, Shirlaw, Penelope J., additional, Shivhare, Sourima B., additional, Smith, Phillip D., additional, Smith, Patrick M., additional, Smith, Daniel J., additional, Smythies, Lesley E., additional, Spencer, Jo, additional, Strober, Warren, additional, Subbarao, Kanta, additional, Svanborg, Catharina, additional, Svennerholm, Ann-Mari, additional, Taubman, Martin A., additional, Telemo, Esbjörn, additional, Thornhill, Martin H., additional, Thornton, David J., additional, Thuenemann, Eva, additional, Tlaskalova-Hogenova, Helena, additional, Tristram, Debra, additional, Trivedi, Palak, additional, Tuomanen, Elaine, additional, Turanek, Jaroslav, additional, Turner, Jerrold R., additional, Underdown, Brian J., additional, van Helden, Mary J., additional, Veazey, Ronald S., additional, Verdu, Elena F., additional, Vlasova, Anastasia, additional, Vliagoftis, Harissios, additional, Vogel, Stefanie N., additional, Walker, W. Allan, additional, Wang, Xiaolei, additional, Watanabe, Tomohiro, additional, Weaver, Casey T., additional, Weiner, Howard L., additional, Wells, Jerry M., additional, Wen, Ting, additional, Whittum-Hudson, Judith, additional, Whitsett, Jeffrey A., additional, Williams, Ifor R., additional, Wills-Karp, Marsha, additional, Wira, Charles R., additional, Woof, Jenny M., additional, Wotherspoon, Andrew C., additional, Xing, Zhou, additional, Xu, Huanbin, additional, Zaph, Colby, additional, Zeissig, Sebastian, additional, and Zeitz, M., additional

Published
2015
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20. Kinematics of intracellular chlamydiae provide evidence for contact-dependent development

Author

Wilson, David P., Whittum-Hudson, Judith A., Timms, Peter, and Bavoil, Patrik M.

Subjects
Chlamydia -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

A crucial process of chlamydial development involves differentiation of the replicative reticulate body (RB) into the infectious elementary body (EB). We present experimental evidence to provide support for a contact-dependent hypothesis for explaining the trigger involved in differentiation. We recorded live-imaging of Chlamydia trachomatis-infected McCoy cells at key times during development and tracked the temporospatial trajectories of individual chlamydial particles. We found that movement of the particles is related to development. Early to mid-developmental stages involved slight wobbling of RBs. The average speed of particles increased sharply at 24 h postinfection (after the estimated onset of RB to EB differentiation). We also investigated a penicillin-supplemented culture containing EBs, RBs, and aberrantly enlarged, stressed chlamydiae. Near-immobile enlarged particles are consistent with their continued tethering to the chlamydial inclusion membrane (CIM). We found a significantly negative, nonlinear association between speed and size/type of particles, providing further support for the hypothesis that particles become untethered near the onset of RB to EB differentiation. This study establishes the relationship between the motion properties of the chlamydiae and developmental stages, whereby wobbling RBs gradually lose contact with the CIM, and RB detachment from the CIM is coincidental with the onset of late differentiation.

Published
2009

33. Contributors

Author

Agace, William W., primary, Anderson, Marie J., additional, Belshe, Robert B., additional, Brown, Peter K., additional, Cate, Thomas R., additional, Clark, H. Fred, additional, Clements, John D., additional, Conner, Margaret E., additional, Copeland, Karen F.T., additional, Couch, Robert B., additional, Czerkinsky, Cecil, additional, Czinn, Steven J., additional, Dickinson, Bonny L., additional, Doggett, Teresa A., additional, Donnelly, John J., additional, Duncan, Jacqueline D., additional, Elson, Charles O., additional, Ernst, Peter B., additional, Estes, Mary K., additional, Feng, Ninggou, additional, Franco, Manuel, additional, Gallichan, W. Scott, additional, Genco, Robert J., additional, Gheorghiu, Marina, additional, Gilley, Richard M., additional, Greenberg, Harry B., additional, Hamada, Shigeyuki, additional, Hearn, Thomas L., additional, Hoft, Daniel F., additional, Holmgren, Jan, additional, Kapikian, Albert Z., additional, Kaushic, Charu, additional, Keitel, Wendy A., additional, Kiyono, Hiroshi, additional, Kodama, Yoshikatsu, additional, Kraehenbuhl, Jean-Pierre, additional, Kurata, Takeshi, additional, Kurono, Yuichi, additional, Langermann, Solomon, additional, Lehner, Thomas, additional, Levine, Myron M., additional, Lindberg, Alf A., additional, Liu, Margaret A., additional, McGhee, Jerry R., additional, Mekalanos, John J., additional, Mestecky, Jiri F., additional, Miller, Christopher J., additional, Mogi, Goro, additional, Moldoveanu, Zina, additional, Montgomery, Paul C., additional, Morrow, Casey D., additional, Nedrud, J.G., additional, Neutra, Marian R., additional, Newman, Frances K., additional, Offit, Paul A., additional, Ogra, Pearay L., additional, Page, Roy C., additional, Pál, Tibor, additional, Porter, Donna C., additional, Ray, Ranjit, additional, Reyes, Victor E., additional, Rosenthal, Kenneth, additional, Schafer, Dennis P., additional, Shiver, John W., additional, Staats, Herman F., additional, Svanborg, Catharina, additional, Svennerholm, Ann-Mari, additional, Sztein, Marcello B., additional, Tamura, Shini-chi, additional, Tornasi, Maurizio, additional, Ulmer, Jeffrey B., additional, Waldor, Matthew K., additional, Weeks-Levy, Carolyn, additional, Whittum-Hudson, Judith, additional, Wira, Charles, additional, and Wright, Peter F., additional

Published
1996
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44. Microbes and Alzheimer's Disease

Author

Itzhaki, Ruth F., Bullido, María Jesús, and Whittum-Hudson, Judith A.

Abstract

descripción no proporcionada por scopus

Published
2017

48. Persistent Chlamydiae and chronic arthritis

Author

Villareal, Cheryl, Whittum-Hudson, Judith A, and Hudson, Alan P

Subjects
Arthritis, Infectious, Synovitis, pathogenesis, Synovial Membrane, Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia Infections, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, reactive arthritis, inflammation, Chlamydia pneumoniae, molecular genetics, Meeting Abstract, Chronic Disease, Commentary
Abstract

Urogenital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis can lead to development of an acute inflammatory arthritis, and this acute disease becomes chronic in some individuals. Research indicates that the organism is present in synovial tissue of patients with chronic disease in a persistent, rather than an actively growing, form. Importantly, metabolic and other characteristics of persistent Chlamydia differ from those of actively growing bacteria. Other studies suggest that Chlamydia pneumoniae can be found in a persistent state in the synovium and that it too may be involved in joint pathogenesis. These and other observations suggest a more complex role for the Chlamydiae in joint disease than previously recognized. This realization should engender a realignment of thinking among clinicians and researchers concerning both mechanisms of chlamydial pathogenesis in the synovium and design of new treatments for the disease.

Published
2001

49. Microbes and Alzheimer's Disease

Author

Itzhaki, Ruth F., Lathe, Richard, Balin, Brian J., Ball, Melvyn J., Bearer, Elaine L., Braak, Heiko, Bullido, Maria J., Carter, Chris, Clerici, Mario, Cosby, S. Louise, Del Tredici, Kelly, Field, Hugh, Fulop, Tamas, Grassi, Claudio, Griffin, W. Sue T., Haas, Jurgen, Hudson, Alan P., Kamer, Angela R., Kell, Douglas B., Licastro, Federico, Letenneur, Luc, Lövheim, Hugo, Mancuso, Roberta, Miklossy, Judith, Otth, Carola, Palamara, Anna Teresa, Perry, George, Preston, Christopher, Pretorius, Etheresia, Strandberg, Timo, Tabet, Naji, Taylor-Robinson, Simon D., Whittum-Hudson, Judith A., Itzhaki, Ruth F., Lathe, Richard, Balin, Brian J., Ball, Melvyn J., Bearer, Elaine L., Braak, Heiko, Bullido, Maria J., Carter, Chris, Clerici, Mario, Cosby, S. Louise, Del Tredici, Kelly, Field, Hugh, Fulop, Tamas, Grassi, Claudio, Griffin, W. Sue T., Haas, Jurgen, Hudson, Alan P., Kamer, Angela R., Kell, Douglas B., Licastro, Federico, Letenneur, Luc, Lövheim, Hugo, Mancuso, Roberta, Miklossy, Judith, Otth, Carola, Palamara, Anna Teresa, Perry, George, Preston, Christopher, Pretorius, Etheresia, Strandberg, Timo, Tabet, Naji, Taylor-Robinson, Simon D., and Whittum-Hudson, Judith A.

Abstract

We are researchers and clinicians working on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or related topics, and we write to express our concern that one particular aspect of the disease has been neglected, even though treatment based on it might slow or arrest AD progression. We refer to the many studies, mainly on humans, implicating specific microbes in the elderly brain, notably herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), Chlamydia pneumoniae, and several types of spirochaete, in the etiology of AD [1–4]. Fungal infection of AD brain [5, 6] has also been described, as well as abnormal microbiota in AD patient blood [7]. The first observations of HSV1 in AD brain were reported almost three decades ago [8]. The ever-increasing number of these studies (now about 100 on HSV1 alone) warrants re-evaluation of the infection and AD concept. AD is associated with neuronal loss and progressive synaptic dysfunction, accompanied by the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide, a cleavage product of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP), and abnormal forms of tau protein, markers that have been used as diagnostic criteria for the disease [9, 10]. These constitute the hallmarks of AD, but whether they are causes of AD or consequences is unknown. We suggest that these are indicators of an infectious etiology. In the case of AD, it is often not realized that microbes can cause chronic as well as acute diseases; that some microbes can remain latent in the body with the potential for reactivation, the effects of which might occur years after initial infection; and that people can be infected but not necessarily affected, such that ‘controls’, even if infected, are asymptomatic

Published
2016
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50. Microbes and Alzheimer's Disease

Author

Itzhaki, Ruth F, Lathe, Richard, Balin, Brian J, Ball, Melvyn J, Bearer, Elaine L, Braak, Heiko, Bullido, Maria J, Carter, Chri, Clerici, Mario, Cosby, S. Louise, Del Tredici, Kelly, Field, Hugh, Fulop, Tama, Grassi, Claudio, Griffin, W. Sue T, Haas, Jürgen, Hudson, Alan P, Kamer, Angela R, Kell, Douglas B, Licastro, Federico, Letenneur, Luc, Lövheim, Hugo, Mancuso, Roberta, Miklossy, Judith, Otth, Carola, Palamara, Anna Teresa, Perry, George, Preston, Christopher, Pretorius, Etheresia, Strandberg, Timo, Tabet, Naji, Taylor Robinson, Simon D, Whittum Hudson, Judith A., Grassi, Claudio (ORCID:0000-0001-7253-1685), Itzhaki, Ruth F, Lathe, Richard, Balin, Brian J, Ball, Melvyn J, Bearer, Elaine L, Braak, Heiko, Bullido, Maria J, Carter, Chri, Clerici, Mario, Cosby, S. Louise, Del Tredici, Kelly, Field, Hugh, Fulop, Tama, Grassi, Claudio, Griffin, W. Sue T, Haas, Jürgen, Hudson, Alan P, Kamer, Angela R, Kell, Douglas B, Licastro, Federico, Letenneur, Luc, Lövheim, Hugo, Mancuso, Roberta, Miklossy, Judith, Otth, Carola, Palamara, Anna Teresa, Perry, George, Preston, Christopher, Pretorius, Etheresia, Strandberg, Timo, Tabet, Naji, Taylor Robinson, Simon D, Whittum Hudson, Judith A., and Grassi, Claudio (ORCID:0000-0001-7253-1685)

Abstract

We are researchers and clinicians working on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or related topics, and we write to express our concern that one particular aspect of the disease has been neglected, even though treatment based on it might slow or arrest AD progression. We refer to the many studies, mainly on humans, implicating specific microbes in the elderly brain, notably herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1),Chlamydia pneumoniae, and several types of spirochaete, in the etiology of AD [1–4]. Fungal infection of AD brain [5, 6] has also been described, as well as abnormal microbiota in AD patient blood [7]. The first observations of HSV1 in AD brain were reported almost three decades ago [8]. The ever-increasing number of these studies (now about 100 on HSV1 alone) warrants re-evaluation of the infection and AD concept. AD is associated with neuronal loss and progressive synaptic dysfunction, accompanied by the deposition of amyloid- (A) peptide, a cleavage product of the amyloid- protein precursor (APP), and abnormal forms of tau protein, markers that have been used as diagnostic criteria for the disease [9, 10]. These constitute the hallmarks of AD, but whether they are causes of AD or consequences is unknown. We suggest that these are indicators of an infectious etiology. In the case of AD, it is often not realized that microbes can cause chronic as well as acute diseases; that some microbes can remain latent in the body with the potential for reactivation, the effects of which might occur years after initial infection; and that people can be infected but not necessarily affected, such that ‘controls’, even if infected, are asymptomatic [2].

Published
2016

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