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1,071 results on '"Whittaker, R."'

3. The Impact of Patient Preference on Attendance and Completion Rates at Centre-Based and mHealth Pulmonary Rehabilitation: A Non-Inferiority Pragmatic Clinical Trial

Author

Candy S, Reeve J, Dobson R, Whittaker R, Garrett J, Warren J, Calder A, Tane T, Robertson T, Rashid U, and Taylor D

Subjects
chronic respiratory disorder, mhealth, preference, pulmonary rehabilitation, telehealth, telerehabilitation, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Sarah Candy,1,2 Julie Reeve,2 Rosie Dobson,3,4 Robyn Whittaker,3,4 Jeffrey Garrett,1 Jim Warren,5 Amanda Calder,3 Taria Tane,3 Trina Robertson,4 Usman Rashid,2 Denise Taylor2 1Te Whatu Ora Counties Manukau Health, Auckland, New Zealand; 2Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; 3National Institute for Health Innovation, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; 4Te Whatu Ora Waitematā, Auckland, New Zealand; 5School of Computer Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandCorrespondence: Sarah Candy, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Te Whatu Ora Counties Manukau, Private Bag 93311, Otahuhu, Auckland, 1640, New Zealand, Tel +64274363116, Email scandy@middlemore.co.nzPurpose: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is vital in the management of chronic respiratory disorders (CRDs) although uptake, attendance and completion are poor. Differing models of delivering PR are emerging in an attempt to increase the uptake and completion of this intervention. This study aimed to evaluate participant rate of attendance and completion of PR when given a preference regarding model of delivery (centre-based and mPR). Secondary aims were to evaluate the factors affecting patient preference for model of delivery and determine whether mPR is non-inferior to centre-based PR in health outcomes.Methods: A multi-centre non-inferiority preference based clinical trial in Auckland, New Zealand. Participants with a CRD referred for PR were offered the choice of centre-based or mHealth PR (mPR). The primary outcome was completion rate of chosen intervention.Results: A total of 105 participants were recruited to the study with 67 (64%) preferring centre-based and 38 (36%) mPR. The odds of completing the PR programme were higher in the centre-based group compared to mPR (odds ratio 1.90 95% CI [0.83– 4.35]). Participants opting for mPR were significantly younger (p = 0.002) and significantly more likely to be working (p = 0.0001). Results showed that mPR was not inferior to centre-based regarding changes in symptom scores (CAT) or time spent in sedentary behaviour (SBQ). When services were forced to transition to telehealth services during COVID-19 restrictions, the attendance and completion rates were higher with telephone calls and video conferencing compared to mPR – suggesting that synchronous interpersonal interactions with clinicians may facilitate the best attendance and completion rates.Conclusion: When offered the choice of PR delivery method, the majority of participants preferred centre-based PR and this facilitated the best completion rates. mPR was the preferred choice for younger, working participants suggesting that mPR may offer a viable alternative to centre-based PR for some participants, especially younger, employed participants.Keywords: chronic respiratory disorder, mHealth, preference, pulmonary rehabilitation, telehealth, telerehabilitation

Published
2023

4. Sub-shot-noise transmission measurement using optically gated single photons

Author

Sabines-Chesterking, J., Whittaker, R., Joshi, S. K., Birchall, P. M., Moreau, P. A., McMillan, A., Cable, H. V., O'Brien, J. L., Rarity, J. G., and Matthews, J. C. F.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Harnessing the unique properties of quantum mechanics offers the possibility to deliver new technologies that can fundamentally outperform their classical counterparts. These technologies only deliver advantages when components operate with performance beyond specific thresholds. For optical quantum metrology, the biggest challenge that impacts on performance thresholds is optical loss. Here we demonstrate how including an optical delay and an optical switch in a feed-forward configuration with a stable and efficient correlated photon pair source reduces the detector efficiency required to enable quantum enhanced sensing down to the detection level of single photons. When the switch is active, we observe a factor of improvement in precision of 1.27 for transmission measurement on a per input photon basis, compared to the performance of a laser emitting an ideal coherent state and measured with the same detection efficiency as our setup. When the switch is inoperative, we observe no quantum advantage., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures

Published
2016
Full Text
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11. Estimating motor unit numbers from a CMAP scan:Repeatability study on three muscles at 15 centres

Author

Sørensen, D. M., Bostock, H., Abrahao, A., Alaamel, A., Alaydin, H. C., Ballegaard, M., Boran, E., Cengiz, B., de Carvalho, M., Dunker, Fuglsang-Frederiksen, A., Graffe, C. C., Jones, K. E., Kallio, M., Kalra, S., Krarup, C., Krøigård, T., Liguori, R., Lupescu, T., Maitland, S., Matamala, J. M., Moldovan, M., Moreno-Roco, J., Nilsen, K. B., Phung, L., Santos, M. O., Themistocleous, A. C., Uysal, H., Vacchiano, V., Whittaker, R. G., Zinman, L., Tankisi, H., Sørensen, D. M., Bostock, H., Abrahao, A., Alaamel, A., Alaydin, H. C., Ballegaard, M., Boran, E., Cengiz, B., de Carvalho, M., Dunker, Fuglsang-Frederiksen, A., Graffe, C. C., Jones, K. E., Kallio, M., Kalra, S., Krarup, C., Krøigård, T., Liguori, R., Lupescu, T., Maitland, S., Matamala, J. M., Moldovan, M., Moreno-Roco, J., Nilsen, K. B., Phung, L., Santos, M. O., Themistocleous, A. C., Uysal, H., Vacchiano, V., Whittaker, R. G., Zinman, L., and Tankisi, H.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the repeatability and suitability for multicentre studies of MScanFit motor unit number estimation (MUNE), which involves modelling compound muscle action potential (CMAP) scans. Methods: Fifteen groups in 9 countries recorded CMAP scans twice, 1–2 weeks apart in healthy subjects from abductor pollicis brevis (APB), abductor digiti minimi (ADM) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. The original MScanFit program (MScanFit-1) was compared with a revised version (MScanFit-2), designed to accommodate different muscles and recording conditions by setting the minimal motor unit size as a function of maximum CMAP. Results: Complete sets of 6 recordings were obtained from 148 subjects. CMAP amplitudes differed significantly between centres for all muscles, and the same was true for MScanFit-1 MUNE. With MScanFit-2, MUNE differed less between centres but remained significantly different for APB. Coefficients of variation between repeats were 18.0% for ADM, 16.8% for APB, and 12.1% for TA. Conclusions: It is recommended for multicentre studies to use MScanFit-2 for analysis. TA provided the least variable MUNE values between subjects and the most repeatable within subjects. Significance: MScanFit was primarily devised to model the discontinuities in CMAP scans in patients and is less suitable for healthy subjects with smooth scans.

Published
2023

18. Mycorrhizal types influence island biogeography of plants

Author

Delavaux, CS, Weigelt, P, Dawson, W, Whittaker, R, and Bever, JD

Abstract

Plant colonization of islands may be limited by the availability of symbionts, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which have limited dispersal ability compared to ectomycorrhizal and ericoid (EEM) as well as orchid mycorrhizal (ORC) fungi. We tested for such differential island colonization within contemporary angiosperm floras worldwide. We found evidence that AM plants experience a stronger mycorrhizal filter than other mycorrhizal or non-mycorrhizal (NM) plant species, with decreased proportions of native AM plant species on islands relative to mainlands. This effect intensified with island isolation, particularly for non-endemic plant species. The proportion of endemic AM plant species increased with island isolation, consistent with diversification filling niches left open by the mycorrhizal filter. We further found evidence of humans overcoming the initial mycorrhizal filter. Naturalized floras showed higher proportions of AM plant species than native floras, a pattern that increased with increasing isolation and land-use intensity. This work provides evidence that mycorrhizal fungal symbionts shape plant colonization of islands and subsequent diversification.

Published
2021

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