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1. Physics-based material parameters extraction from perovskite experiments via Bayesian optimization

Author

Zhan, Hualin, Ahmad, Viqar, Mayon, Azul, Tabi, Grace, Bui, Anh Dinh, Li, Zhuofeng, Walter, Daniel, Nguyen, Hieu, Weber, Klaus, White, Thomas, and Catchpole, Kylie

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

The ability to extract material parameters of perovskite from quantitative experimental analysis is essential for rational design of photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications. However, the difficulty of this analysis increases significantly with the complexity of the theoretical model and the number of material parameters for perovskite. Here we use Bayesian optimization to develop an analysis platform that can extract up to 8 fundamental material parameters of an organometallic perovskite semiconductor from a transient photoluminescence experiment, based on a complex full physics model that includes drift-diffusion of carriers and dynamic defect occupation. An example study of thermal degradation reveals that the carrier mobility and trap-assisted recombination coefficient are reduced noticeably, while the defect energy level remains nearly unchanged. The reduced carrier mobility can dominate the overall effect on thermal degradation of perovskite solar cells by reducing the fill factor, despite the opposite effect of the reduced trap-assisted recombination coefficient on increasing the fill factor. In future, this platform can be conveniently applied to other experiments or to combinations of experiments, accelerating materials discovery and optimization of semiconductor materials for photovoltaics and other applications., Comment: The work is published in Energy & Environmental Science (DOI: 10.1039/D4EE00911H). This work is supported by the Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics (ACAP) and received funding from the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA). H.Z. acknowledges the support of the ACAP Fellowship. H.Z. thanks Pawsey for providing the Nimbus Research Cloud Service

Published
2024
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3. Evidence for phonon hardening in laser-excited gold using x-ray diffraction at a hard x-ray free electron laser.

Author

Descamps, Adrien, Ofori-Okai, Benjamin, Bistoni, Oliviero, Chen, Zhijiang, Cunningham, Eric, Fletcher, Luke, Hartley, Nicholas, Hastings, Jerome, Khaghani, Dimitri, Mo, Mianzhen, Nagler, Bob, Recoules, Vanina, Redmer, Ronald, Schörner, Maximilian, Senesky, Debbie, Sun, Peihao, White, Thomas, Glenzer, Siegfried, McBride, Emma, and Tsai, Hai-En

Abstract

Studies of laser-heated materials on femtosecond timescales have shown that the interatomic potential can be perturbed at sufficiently high laser intensities. For gold, it has been postulated to undergo a strong stiffening leading to an increase of the phonon energies, known as phonon hardening. Despite efforts to investigate this behavior, only measurements at low absorbed energy density have been performed, for which the interpretation of the experimental data remains ambiguous. By using in situ single-shot x-ray diffraction at a hard x-ray free-electron laser, the evolution of diffraction line intensities of laser-excited Au to a higher energy density provides evidence for phonon hardening.

Published
2024

4. Calorie restriction reduces biomarkers of cellular senescence in humans.

Author

Aversa, Zaira, White, Thomas, Heeren, Amanda, Hulshizer, Cassondra, Saul, Dominik, Zhang, Xu, Redman, Leanne, Martin, Corby, Racette, Susan, Huffman, Kim, Bhapkar, Manjushri, Khosla, Sundeep, Das, Sai, Fielding, Roger, Atkinson, Elizabeth, LeBrasseur, Nathan, and Molina, Anthony

Subjects
CALERIE™, aging, biomarkers, caloric restriction, inflammation, metabolism, senescence-associated secretory phenotype, Middle Aged, Humans, Caloric Restriction, Aging, Cellular Senescence, Energy Intake, Biomarkers
Abstract

Calorie restriction (CR) with adequate nutrient intake is a potential geroprotective intervention. To advance this concept in humans, we tested the hypothesis that moderate CR in healthy young-to-middle-aged individuals would reduce circulating biomarkers of cellular senescence, a fundamental mechanism of aging and aging-related conditions. Using plasma specimens from the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE™) phase 2 study, we found that CR significantly reduced the concentrations of several senescence biomarkers at 12 and 24 months compared to an ad libitum diet. Using machine learning, changes in biomarker concentrations emerged as important predictors of the change in HOMA-IR and insulin sensitivity index at 12 and 24 months, and the change in resting metabolic rate residual at 12 months. Finally, using adipose tissue RNA-sequencing data from a subset of participants, we observed a significant reduction in a senescence-focused gene set in response to CR at both 12 and 24 months compared to baseline. Our results advance the understanding of the effects of CR in humans and further support a link between cellular senescence and metabolic health.

Published
2024

5. Speed of sound in methane under conditions of planetary interiors

Author

White, Thomas G., Poole, Hannah, McBride, Emma E., Oliver, Matthew, Descamps, Adrien, Fletcher, Luke B., Angermeier, W. Alex, Allen, Cameron H., Appel, Karen, Condamine, Florian P., Curry, Chandra B., Dallari, Francesco, Funk, Stefan, Galtier, Eric, Gamboa, Eliseo J., Gauthier, Maxence, Graham, Peter, Goede, Sebastian, Haden, Daniel, Kim, Jongjin B., Lee, Hae Ja, Ofori-Okai, Benjamin K., Richardson, Scott, Rigby, Alex, Schoenwaelder, Christopher, Sun, Peihao, Witte, Bastian L., Tschentscher, Thomas, Zastrau, Ulf, Nagler, Bob, Hastings, J. B., Monaco, Giulio, Gericke, Dirk O., Glenzer, Siegfried H., and Gregori, Gianluca

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We present direct observations of acoustic waves in warm dense matter. We analyze wave-number- and energy-resolved x-ray spectra taken from warm dense methane created by laser heating a cryogenic liquid jet. X-ray diffraction and inelastic free-electron scattering yield sample conditions of 0.3$\pm$0.1 eV and 0.8$\pm$0.1 g/cm$^3$, corresponding to a pressure of $\sim$13 GPa. Inelastic x-ray scattering was used to observe the collective oscillations of the ions. With a highly improved energy resolution of $\sim$50 meV, we could clearly distinguish the Brillouin peaks from the quasielastic Rayleigh feature. Data at different wave numbers were utilized to derive a sound speed of 5.9$\pm$0.5 km/s, marking a high-temperature data point for methane and demonstrating consistency with Birch's law in this parameter regime., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023
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7. Incidence of surgical rib fixation at chest wall injury society collaborative centers and a guide for expected number of cases (CWIS-CC1)

Author

Eriksson, Evert Austin, Wijffels, Mathieu Mathilde Eugene, Kaye, Adam, Forrester, Joseph Derek, Moutinho, Manuel, Majerick, Sarah, Bauman, Zachary Mitchel, Janowak, Christopher Francis, Patel, Bhavik, Wullschleger, Martin, Clevenger, Leanna, Van Lieshout, Esther M. M., Tung, Jamie, Woodfall, Michelle, Hill, Thomas Russell, White, Thomas William, and Doben, Andrew Ross

Published
2024
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8. How Building Knowledge Boosts Literacy and Learning: First causal study finds outsized impacts at 'Core Knowledge' schools

Author

Grissmer, David, Berends, Mark, Willingham, Daniel T., Duran, Chelsea A.K., Murrah, William M., Buddin, Richard, White, Thomas G., Decoster, Jamie, Hulleman, Chris S., and Evans, Tanya

Subjects
Literacy programs -- Research -- Reports, Literacy -- Research -- Reports, Education, Social sciences
Abstract

Educators and researchers have been fighting the reading wars for the last century, with battles see-sawing literacy instruction in American schools from phonics to whole language and, most recently, back [...]

Published
2024

11. Understanding and improving the cost-effectiveness of biodiversity conservation

Author

White, Thomas, Petrovan, Silviu, and Sutherland, William

Subjects
biodiversity conservation, cost-effectiveness, evidence-based conservation, business-biodiversity management, economic cost
Abstract

Biodiversity conservation is currently facing extraordinary challenges but remains severely limited by funding. Thus, the importance of cost-effective conservation is being increasingly realised - requiring information on both the effects and costs of actions taken to conserve biodiversity. Yet, despite progress in collating and using evidence on the effectiveness of conservation in decision-making, the recording and use of cost data has received far less attention. This PhD aims to help bridge this gap by investigating the collection and use of economic data for conservation decision making, as part of wider research into evidence-based conservation. The research presented is structured into several stages: i) investigate the current state of cost reporting and the use of evidence (including costs) in conservation decision making, ii) develop frameworks and approaches to help improve the reporting of the economic costs and benefits of conservation actions, and the use of evidence in decision-making around biodiversity impact mitigation. Lastly, I then apply this thinking to two detailed case studies where I assess the costs and cost-effectiveness of different conservation interventions. Reviewing the published literature on conservation interventions, I identified low rates of detailed cost reporting. Reported costs often lacked important contextual detail necessary to interpret the data and apply it in different contexts. Where detailed costs were provided, they showed considerable variation, with differences in how costs were reported likely to explain much of this variance. I then conducted an interview-based study investigating the use of evidence in business-biodiversity decision making. This revealed a wide range of themes including the high reliance of professionals on experts, policy and guidance as a stamp of cost-effective, evidence-based practice. Several challenges to integrating biodiversity in the private sector were also noted, including the need for better understanding the economic costs and benefits of mitigation action. Building on these studies, I then developed i) a step-by-step framework for the standardised reporting of economic costs and benefits of conservation action, and ii) a set of principles for the use of evidence (including data on costs) to guide actions that businesses and consultants can take to minimize and compensate for their impacts on biodiversity. To demonstrate the complexities and importance of using cost data in decision-making, I then provide two case studies. The first of these studies assesses the costs and cost-effectiveness of actions to avoid and minimize the impacts of power lines on at-risk bird species in Spain. The study identified large variations in the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different actions to prevent collisions with at-risk bird species. Changing how cost is measured, by including the costs associated with negative impacts, can improve the apparent cost-effectiveness of mitigation measures, particularly those more effective measures which avoid impact at the outset. In the second case study, I used a dataset of field-level costs of commonly applied agri-environment interventions in the UK to investigate actions to protect and restore biodiversity in farmland. I identified a high variation in costs both between and within different conservation actions. Costs and cost-effectiveness varied depending on the inclusion of several inputs (e.g., fertilizer, pesticide) during implementation, field size, as well as the types of cost and benefit included. Understanding the variability in costs within actions, and how costs and cost-effectiveness are calculated, are critical considerations when assessing the feasibility of different actions to protect and restore biodiversity.

Published
2023
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12. LIFE AT THE CENTER: A PRO-LIFE STATEMENT

Author

White, Thomas Joseph, Tollefsen, Christopher, Flannery, Kevin L., and Sneud, O. Carter

Subjects
Pro-life movement, Abortion, Philosophy and religion, Catholic Church
Abstract

Those who seek to advance the Catholic Church's teaching regarding the sanctity of life confront both new challenges and opportunities in the wake of the June 2022 Supreme Court decision [...]

Published
2023

14. Twelve-month results from a randomized controlled trial comparing differential target multiplexed spinal cord stimulation and conventional spinal cord stimulation in subjects with chronic refractory axial low back pain not eligible for spine surgery

Author

White, Thomas, Justiz, Rafael, Almonte, Wilson, Micovic, Velimir, Shah, Binit, Anderson, Eric, Kapural, Leonardo, Cordner, Harold, El-Naggar, Amr, Fishman, Michael, Eshraghi, Yashar, Kim, Philip, Abd-Elsayed, Al, Chakravarthy, Krishnan, Millet, Yoann, Sanapati, Mahendra, Harrison, Nathan, Goff, Brandon, Gupta, Mayank, Grewal, Prabhdeep, Wilkinson, Michael, Bundschu, Richard, Will, Andrew, Satija, Pankaj, Li, Sean, Dulebohn, Scott, Broadnax, John, Gekht, Gennady, Wu, Ken, Falowski, Steven, Park, Wesley, Cedeno, David L., and Vallejo, Ricardo

Published
2024
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16. Dedicated anticoagulation management protocols in fragility femoral fracture care – a source of significant variance and limited effectiveness in improving time to surgery: The hip and femoral fracture anticoagulation surgical timing evaluation (HASTE) study

Author

Smith, Matthew, Yoong, Andrel, Lim, Jun Wei, Yousef, Omar, McDonald, Stephen, Chileshe, Chinga, Ramus, Camilla, Clements, Christopher, Barrett, Liam, Rockall, Oliver, Geetala, Rahul, Islam, Saif Ul, Nasar, Ahmad, Almond, Kieran, Hassan, Ladan Fatima Yusuf, Shah, Sohan, Brand, Robert Bruce, Yawar, Bakhat, Gilmore, Catherine, McAuley, Daryl, Khan, Waleed, Subramanian, Padmanabhan, Ahluwalia, Aashish, Ozbek, Leyla, Awasthi, Prashant, Sheikh, Hassaan, Barkley, Sarah, Ardolino, Toni, Denning, Alexander, Thiruchandran, Gaj, Fraig, Hossam, Salim, Omar, Iqbal, Rabia, Guy, Stephen, Hogg, Jack, Bagshaw, Oliver, Asmar, Samir, Mitchell, Stephen, Quek, Fang, Fletcher, James, French, Jonathan, Graham, Selina, Sloper, Philip, Sadique, Hammad, Matera, Valentina, Sohail, Zain, Leong, Justin Wei, Issa, Fares, Greasley, Lauren, Marsden, Samuel, Parry, Lucy, Mannan, Syed, Zaheen, Humayoon, Moriarty, Peter, Manning, William, Morris, Timothy, Brockbanks, Carole, Ward, Peter, Pearce, Kim, McMenemy, Louise, Mahmoud, Mohamed, Kieffer, Will, Lal, Aayush, Collis, Justin, Chandrasekaran, Karthik, Foxall-Smith, Michael, Raad, Marjan, Kempshall, Peter, Cheuk, Jocelyn, Leckey, Sam, Gupta, Rishav, Engelke, Daniel, Kemp, Mark, Venkatesan, Aakaash, Hussain, Adnan, Simons, Michiel, Raghavendra, Ram Mohan, Rohra, Satish, Deo, Sunny, Vasarhelyi, Ferenc, Thelwall, Claire, Cullen, Krista, Al-Obaidi, Bilal, Fell, Adam, Thaumeen, Ahmad, Dadabhoy, Maria, Ali, Mira, Ijaz, Sameer, Lin, David, Khan, Basharat, Alsonbaty, Mohamed, Lebe, Moritz, Millan, Ravi Kant, Imam, Sam, Theobald, Emma, Cormack, Jonathan, Sharoff, Lokesh, Eardley, Will, Jeyapalan, Rathan, Alcock, Liam, Clayton, Julia, Bates, Natalie, Mahmoud, Yousif, Osborne, Alex, Ralhan, Shvaita, Carpenter, Catriona, Ahmad, Mahmood, Ravi, Sanjeev Musuvathy, Konbaz, Tarek, Lloyd, Thomas, Sheikh, Nomaan, Swealem, Ahmed, Soroya, Emma, Rayan, Faizal, Ward, Thomas, Vasireddy, Aswinkumar, Clarke, Ellisiv, Sikdar, Oishi, Smart, Yat Wing, Windley, Joseph, Ilagan, Belen, Brophy, Edel, Joseph, Sarah, Lowery, Kathryn, Jamjoom, Ammer, Ismayl, Ghiath, Aujla, Randeep, Sambhwani, Sharan, Ramasamy, Arul, Khalaf, Ahmed, Ponugoti, Nikhil, Teng, Wai Huang, Masud, Saqib, Otoibhili, Eghe, Clarkson, Martin, Nafea, Mohamed, Sarhan, Mohamed, Hanna, Shady, Kelly, Andrew, Curtis, Alex, Gourbault, Lysander, Tarhini, Mariam, Platt, Nicholas, Fleming, Thomas, Pemmaraju, Gopalakrishna, Choudri, Mohammed Junaid, Burahee, Abdus, Hassan, Labiba, Hamid, Laveeza, Loveday, David, Edres, Kareem, Schankat, Kerstin, Granger, Luke, Goodbun, Matthew, Parikh, Sunny, Johnson-Lynn, Sarah, Griffiths, Alexandra, Rai, Avinash, Chandler, Henry, Guiot, Luke, Appleyard, Thomas, Robinson, Karen, Fong, Angus, Watts, Anna, Stedman, Tobias, Walton, Victoria, Inman, Dominic, Liaw, Frank, Hadfield, James, McGovern, Julia, Baldock, Thomas, White, Jonathan, Seah, Matthew, Jacob, Neville, Ali, Zaid Haj, Goff, Thomas, Sanalla, Ahmed, Gomati, Ayoub, Nordin, Louise, Hassan, Eslam, Ramadan, Omar, Teoh, Kar Hao, Baskaran, Dinnish, Ngwayi, James, Abbakr, Lina, Blackmore, Noah, Mansukhani, Sameer, Guryel, Enis, Harper, Adam, Cashman, Emily, Brooker, Joanne, Pack, Louise, Regan, Nora, Wagner, Wilhelm, Selim, Amr, Archer, Debbie, McConaghie, Gregory, Patel, Ravi, Gibson, William, Pasapula, Chandra S, Youssef, Hesham, Aziz, Md Abdul, Subhash, Sadhin, Banaszkiewicz, Paul, Elzawahry, Ahmed, Neo, Chryssa, Wei, Nicholas, Bhaskaran, Arun, Sharma, Abhishek, Factor, Danielle, Shahin, Fatma, Shields, David, Ferreira, Catarina Dores Fernandes, Jeyakumar, Gowsikan, Liao, Quintin, Sinnerton, Robert, Ashwood, Neil, Sarhan, Islam, Ker, Andrew, Phelan, Sean, Paxton, James, McAuley, Joseph, Moulton, Lawrence, Mohamed, Ahmed, Dias, Ana, Ho, Beatrice, Francis, Daniel, Miller, Sarah, Phillips, Jon, Jones, Robin, Arthur, Calum, Oag, Erlend, Thutoetsile, Kamogelo, Bell, Katrina, Milne, Kirsty, Whitefield, Reiss, Patel, Kuntal, Singh, Abhimanyu, Morris, Geraint, Parkinson, Dawn, Patil, Amogh, Hamid, Hassan, Syam, Kevin, Singh, Rohit, Menon, Deepak, Crooks, Sophie, Borland, Steven, Rohman, Adam, Nicholson, Alys, Smith, Ben, Hafiz, Nauman, Kolhe, Shivam, Waites, Matthew, Piper, Dani, Westacott, David, Grimshaw, Jessica, Bott, Alasdair, Berry, Alexander, Battle, Joseph, Flannery, Oliver, Iyengar, Karthikeyan P, Thakur, Abdul Wadood, Yousef, Mina, Bansod, Vaibhav, El-nahas, Walaa, Dawe, Edward, Oladeji, Emmanuel, Federer, Simon, Trompeter, Alex, Pritchard, Anna, Shurovi, Badrun, Jordan, Chris, Little, Max, Sivaloganathan, Sivanshankar, Shaunak, Shalin, Watters, Hazel, Luck, Joshua, Zbaeda, Mohamed, Frasquet-Garcia, Antonio, Warner, Christian, Telford, Jeremy, Rooney, Joanna, Attwood, Joseph, Wilson, Faye, Panagiotopoulos, Andreas, Keane, Conal, Scott, Helen, Mazel, Rebecca, Maggs, Joanna, Skinner, Edward, McMunn, Finlay, Lau, Joshua, Ravikumar, Kasetti, Thakker, Dev, Gill, Moneet, McCarthy, Phillip, Fossey, Gavin, Shah, Sohaib, McAlinden, Gavan, McGoldrick, Peter, O'Brien, Scarlett, Patil, Sunit, Millington, Antonia, Umar, Hamza, Sehdev, Simran, Dyer-Hill, Thomas, Yu Kwan, Tsun, Tanagho, Andy, Hagnasir, Ahmed, White, Thomas, Bano, Christopher, Kissin, Eleanor, Ghani, Rafia, Thomas, Philip S W, McMullan, Mark, Walmsley, Matthew, Elgendy, Mohamed, Winstanley, Robert, Round, Joanne, Baxter, Mark, Thompson, Emett, Hogan, Kathryn, Youssef, Khaled, Fetouh, Sherif, Hopper, Graeme P, Simpson, Cameron, Warren, Craig, Waugh, Dominic, Nair, Gopikrishnan, Ballantyne, Andy, Blacklock, Calum, O'Connell, Ciara, Toland, Gemma, McIntyre, Joshua, Ross, Lauren, Badge, Ravindra, Loganathan, Deeraj, Turner, Ian, Ball, Matthew, Maqsood, Saad, Deierl, Krisztian, Beer, Alexander, Tan, Arthur Chen Wun, Mackinnon, Thomas, Gade, Venkat, Gill, James, Yu San, Kay, Archunan, Maheswaran Warren, Shaikh, Mariyam, Ugbah, Onyinye, Uwaoma, Sade, Pillai, Anand, Nath, Upamanyu, Rohan, Farhan-Alanie, M. M., Dixon, J., Irvine, S., Walker, R., and Eardley, W. G. P.

Published
2024
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18. Towards an integrated platform for characterizing laser-driven, isochorically-heated plasmas with 1-$\mu$m spatial resolution

Author

Allen, Cameron H, Oliver, Matthew, Divol, Laurent, Landen, Otto L, Ping, Yuan, Schoelmerich, Markus, Wallace, Russell, Earley, Robert, Theobald, Wolfgang, White, Thomas G, and Doeppner, Tilo

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Warm dense matter is a region of phase space that is of high interest to multiple scientific communities ranging from astrophysics to inertial confinement fusion. Further understanding of the conditions and properties of this complex state of matter necessitates experimental benchmarking of the current theoretical models. Benchmarking of transport properties like conductivity and diffusivity has been scarce because they are small and slow processes that require micron-level resolution to see. We discuss development of a radiography platform designed to allow for measurement of these properties at large laser facilities such as the OMEGA Laser. \c{opyright} 2022 Optica Publishing Group. Users may use, reuse, and build upon the article, or use the article for text or data mining, so long as such uses are for non-commercial purposes and appropriate attribution is maintained. All other rights are reserved., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures

Published
2021
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19. An initiative to assess and improve the resources and patient care processes used among Chest Wall Injury Society collaborative centers study (CWIS-CC2)

Author

Eriksson, Evert A., Waite, Amanda, Whitbeck, SarahAnn S., Bach, John A., Bauman, Zachary M., Cavlovic, Lindsey, Dale, Kate, DeVoe, William B., Doben, Andrew R., Edwards, John G., Forrester, Joseph D., Kaye, Adam J., Green, John M., Hsu, Jeremy, Hufford, Andrea, Janowak, Christopher F., Kartiko, Susan, Moore, Ernest E., Patel, Bhavik, Pieracci, Fredric, Sarani, Babak, Schubl, Sebastian D., Semon, Gregory, Thomas, Bradley W., Tung, Jamie, Van Lieshout, Esther M.M., White, Thomas W., Wijffels, Mathieu M.E., and Wullschleger, Martin E.

Published
2024
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20. The impact of anticoagulant medications on fragility femur fracture care: The hip and femoral fracture anticoagulation surgical timing evaluation (HASTE) study

Author

Smith, Matthew, Yoong, Andrel, Lim, Jun Wei, Yousef, Omar, McDonald, Stephen, Chileshe, Chinga, Ramus, Camilla, Clements, Christopher, Barrett, Liam, Rockall, Oliver, Geetala, Rahul, Islam, Saif Ul, Nasar, Ahmad, Almond, Kieran, Hassan, Ladan Fatima Yusuf, Shah, Sohan, Brand, Robert Bruce, Yawar, Bakhat, Gilmore, Catherine, McAuley, Daryl, Khan, Waleed, Subramanian, Padmanabhan, Ahluwalia, Aashish, Ozbek, Leyla, Awasthi, Prashant, Sheikh, Hassaan, Barkley, Sarah, Ardolino, Toni, Denning, Alexander, Thiruchandran, Gaj, Fraig, Hossam, Salim, Omar, Iqbal, Rabia, Guy, Stephen, Hogg, Jack, Bagshaw, Oliver, Asmar, Samir, Mitchell, Stephen, Quek, Fang, Fletcher, James, French, Jonathan, Graham, Selina, Sloper, Philip, Sadique, Hammad, Matera, Valentina, Sohail, Zain, Leong, Justin Wei, Issa, Fares, Greasley, Lauren, Marsden, Samuel, Parry, Lucy, Mannan, Syed, Zaheen, Humayoon, Moriarty, Peter, Manning, William, Morris, Timothy, Brockbanks, Carole, Ward, Peter, Pearce, Kim, McMenemy, Louise, Mahmoud, Mohamed, Kieffer, Will, Lal, Aayush, Collis, Justin, Chandrasekaran, Karthik, Foxall-Smith, Michael, Raad, Marjan, Kempshall, Peter, Cheuk, Jocelyn, Leckey, Sam, Gupta, Rishav, Engelke, Daniel, Kemp, Mark, Venkatesan, Aakaash, Hussain, Adnan, Simons, Michiel, Raghavendra, Ram Mohan, Rohra, Satish, Deo, Sunny, Vasarhelyi, Ferenc, Thelwall, Claire, Cullen, Krista, Al-Obaidi, Bilal, Fell, Adam, Thaumeen, Ahmad, Dadabhoy, Maria, Ali, Mira, Ijaz, Sameer, Lin, David, Khan, Basharat, Alsonbaty, Mohamed, Lebe, Moritz, Millan, Ravi Kant, Imam, Sam, Theobald, Emma, Cormack, Jonathan, Sharoff, Lokesh, Eаrdley, Will, Jeyapalan, Rathan, Alcock, Liam, Clayton, Julia, Bates, Natalie, Mahmoud, Yousif, Osborne, Alex, Ralhan, Shvaita, Carpenter, Catriona, Ahmad, Mahmood, Ravi, Sanjeev Musuvathy, Konbaz, Tarek, Lloyd, Thomas, Sheikh, Nomaan, Swealem, Ahmed, Soroya, Emma, Rayan, Faizal, Ward, Thomas, Vasireddy, Aswinkumar, Clarke, Ellisiv, Sikdar, Oishi, Smart, Yat Wing, Windley, Joseph, Ilagan, Belen, Brophy, Edel, Joseph, Sarah, Lowery, Kathryn, Jamjoom, Ammer, Ismayl, Ghiath, Aujla, Randeep, Sambhwani, Sharan, Ramasamy, Arul, Khalaf, Ahmed, Ponugoti, Nikhil, Teng, Wai Huang, Masud, Saqib, Otoibhili, Eghe, Clarkson, Martin, Nafea, Mohamed, Sarhan, Mohamed, Hanna, Shady, Kelly, Andrew, Curtis, Alex, Gourbault, Lysander, Tarhini, Mariam, Platt, Nicholas, Fleming, Thomas, Pemmaraju, Gopalakrishna, Choudri, Mohammed Junaid, Burahee, Abdus, Hassan, Labiba, Hamid, Laveeza, Loveday, David, Edres, Kareem, Schankat, Kerstin, Granger, Luke, Goodbun, Matthew, Parikh, Sunny, Johnson-Lynn, Sarah, Griffiths, Alexandra, Rai, Avinash, Chandler, Henry, Guiot, Luke, Appleyard, Thomas, Robinson, Karen, Fong, Angus, Watts, Anna, Stedman, Tobias, Walton, Victoria, Inman, Dominic, Liaw, Frank, Hadfield, James, McGovern, Julia, Baldock, Thomas, White, Jonathan, Seah, Matthew, Jacob, Neville, Ali, Zaid Haj, Goff, Thomas, Sanalla, Ahmed, Gomati, Ayoub, Nordin, Louise, Hassan, Eslam, Ramadan, Omar, Teoh, Kar Hao, Baskaran, Dinnish, Ngwayi, James, Abbakr, Lina, Blackmore, Noah, Mansukhani, Sameer, Guryel, Enis, Harper, Adam, Cashman, Emily, Brooker, Joanne, Pack, Louise, Regan, Nora, Wagner, Wilhelm, Selim, Amr, Archer, Debbie, McConaghie, Gregory, Patel, Ravi, Gibson, William, Pasapula, Chandra S, Youssef, Hesham, Aziz, Md Abdul, Subhash, Sadhin, Banaszkiewicz, Paul, Elzawahry, Ahmed, Neo, Chryssa, Wei, Nicholas, Bhaskaran, Arun, Sharma, Abhishek, Factor, Danielle, Shahin, Fatma, Shields, David, Ferreira, Catarina Dores Fernandes, Jeyakumar, Gowsikan, Liao, Quintin, Sinnerton, Robert, Ashwood, Neil, Sarhan, Islam, Ker, Andrew, Phelan, Sean, Paxton, James, McAuley, Joseph, Moulton, Lawrence, Mohamed, Ahmed, Dias, Ana, Ho, Beatrice, Francis, Daniel, Miller, Sarah, Phillips, Jon, Jones, Robin, Arthur, Calum, Oag, Erlend, Thutoetsile, Kamogelo, Bell, Katrina, Milne, Kirsty, Whitefield, Reiss, Patel, Kuntal, Singh, Abhimanyu, Morris, Geraint, Parkinson, Dawn, Patil, Amogh, Hamid, Hassan, Syam, Kevin, Singh, Rohit, Menon, Deepak, Crooks, Sophie, Borland, Steven, Rohman, Adam, Nicholson, Alys, Smith, Ben, Hafiz, Nauman, Kolhe, Shivam, Waites, Matthew, Piper, Dani, Westacott, David, Grimshaw, Jessica, Bott, Alasdair, Berry, Alexander, Battle, Joseph, Flannery, Oliver, Iyengar, Karthikeyan P, Thakur, Abdul Wadood, Yousef, Mina, Bansod, Vaibhav, El-nahas, Walaa, Dawe, Edward, Oladeji, Emmanuel, Federer, Simon, Trompeter, Alex, Pritchard, Anna, Shurovi, Badrun, Jordan, Chris, Little, Max, Sivaloganathan, Sivanshankar, Shaunak, Shalin, Watters, Hazel, Luck, Joshua, Zbaeda, Mohamed, Frasquet-Garcia, Antonio, Warner, Christian, Telford, Jeremy, Rooney, Joanna, Attwood, Joseph, Wilson, Faye, Panagiotopoulos, Andreas, Keane, Conal, Scott, Helen, Mazel, Rebecca, Maggs, Joanna, Skinner, Edward, McMunn, Finlay, Lau, Joshua, Ravikumar, Kasetti, Thakker, Dev, Gill, Moneet, McCarthy, Phillip, Fossey, Gavin, Shah, Sohaib, McAlinden, Gavan, McGoldrick, Peter, O'Brien, Scarlett, Patil, Sunit, Millington, Antonia, Umar, Hamza, Sehdev, Simran, Dyer-Hill, Thomas, Yu Kwan, Tsun, Tanagho, Andy, Hagnasir, Ahmed, White, Thomas, Bano, Christopher, Kissin, Eleanor, Ghani, Rafia, Thomas, Philip S W, McMullan, Mark, Walmsley, Matthew, Elgendy, Mohamed, Winstanley, Robert, Round, Joanne, Baxter, Mark, Thompson, Emett, Hogan, Kathryn, Youssef, Khaled, Fetouh, Sherif, Hopper, Graeme P, Simpson, Cameron, Warren, Craig, Waugh, Dominic, Nair, Gopikrishnan, Ballantyne, Andy, Blacklock, Calum, O'Connell, Ciara, Toland, Gemma, McIntyre, Joshua, Ross, Lauren, Badge, Ravindra, Loganathan, Deeraj, Turner, Ian, Ball, Matthew, Maqsood, Saad, Deierl, Krisztian, Beer, Alexander, Tan, Arthur Chen Wun, Mackinnon, Thomas, Gade, Venkat, Gill, James, Yu San, Kay, Archunan, Maheswaran Warren, Shaikh, Mariyam, Ugbah, Onyinye, Uwaoma, Sade, Pillai, Anand, Nath, Upamanyu, Rohan, Farhan-Alanie, M.M., Chinweze, R., Walker, R., and Eardley, W.G.P.

Published
2024
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22. Editorializing ICWA: 40 Years of Colonial Commentary

Author

Deer, Sarah, Higgins, Elise, and White, Thomas

Abstract

"Sacrificing Indian Childrens' Rights""Paleface Paternalism""Justice Massacred""Ethnic Errancy""Rose Parade Indian-givers""Slaves to the tribe""Tribal bigotry""Kids pay the price for tribes"The phrases listed above are published titles of newspaper editorials and op-ed essays challenging the legitimacy of the federal Indian Child Welfare Act ("ICWA") in the last 40 years. ICWA is a federal law originally passed in 1978 to address the high rate of removal (and subsequent adoption) of Indian children by state authorities. In passing the law, Congress found "there is no resource that is more vital to the continued existence and integrity of Indian tribes than their children." While there was no significant controversy about the law when it was drafted and passed with unanimous consent in 1978, the application of the law over the past 40 years, the law has come under sustained attack from scholars, attorneys, legislators, think tanks, adoption agencies, and judges. Moreover, while most child custody cases impacted by ICWA are so conventional that they don't warrant any particular attention, almost all national news coverage of ICWA emanates from a few specific high-profile cases in which mainstream news outlets usually characterize ICWA as cultivating unfair battles between Tribal Nations and prospective adoptive parents. Editorials, though, often go further than that, using words like "sacrificing", "massacre", and "slaves" to describe both tribal citizens and tribal nations. This article focuses on how these high-profile cases are characterized in newspaper editorials and op-eds; namely how these authors explicate their colonial views about ICWA, Indian identity, tribal sovereignity, and the virtues of adoption.

Published
2022

24. An investigation into the approximations used in wave packet molecular dynamics for the study of warm dense matter

Author

Angermeier, William A. and White, Thomas G.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

Wave packet molecular dynamics (WPMD) has recently received a lot of attention as a computationally fast tool to study dynamical processes in warm dense matter beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. These techniques, typically, employ many approximations to achieve computational efficiency while implementing semi-empirical scaling parameters to retain accuracy. We investigate three of the main approximations ubiquitous to WPMD: a restricted basis set, approximations to exchange, and the lack of correlation. We examine each of these approximations in atomic and molecular hydrogen in addition to a dense hydrogen plasma. We find that the biggest improvement to WPMD comes from combining a two Gaussian basis with a semi-empirical correction based on the valence-bond wave function. A single parameter scales this correction to match experimental pressures of dense hydrogen. Ultimately, we find that semi-empirical scaling parameters are necessary to correct for the main approximations in WPMD. However, reducing the scaling parameters for more ab-initio terms gives more accurate results and displays the underlying physics more readily.

Published
2021

27. Fluorinated polymer additives in Spiro-OMeTAD to improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells

Author

Tabi, Grace Dansoa, Nguyen, Dang-Thuan, Liang, Wensheng, Ji, Wenzhong, Lu, Teng, Trần-Phú, Thành, Lem, Olivier Lee Cheong, Mayon, Azul Osorio, Huang, Keqing, Chang, Li-Chun, Zhan, Hualin, Ahmad, Viqar, Mahmud, Arafat, Hou, Yihui, Wang, Wei, Bui, Anh Dinh, Nguyen, Hieu, Liu, Yun, Shen, Heping, Catchpole, Kylie R., Weber, Klaus J., White, Thomas P., Walter, Daniel, and Duong, The

Published
2024
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29. Ion Modes in Dense Ionized Plasmas through Non-Adiabatic Molecular Dynamics

Author

Davis, Ryan A., Angermeier, W. A., Hermsmeier, R., and White, Thomas G.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

We perform nonadiabatic simulations of warm dense aluminum based on the electron-force field (EFF) variant of wave-packet molecular dynamics. Comparison of the static ion-ion structure factor with density functional theory (DFT) is used to validate the technique across a range of temperatures and densities spanning the warm dense matter regime. Focusing on a specific temperature and density (3.5 eV, 5.2 g/cm3), we report on differences in the dynamic structure factor and dispersion relation across a variety of adiabatic and nonadiabatic techniques. We find the dispersion relation produced with EFF is in close agreement with the more robust and adiabatic Kohn-Sham DFT., Comment: 7 pages and 5 figures in the main manuscript; typos corrected; final version of publication

Published
2020
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31. Using DNA to reunify separated migrant families

Author

Barnert, Elizabeth, Katsanis, Sara H, Mishori, Ranit, Wagner, Jennifer K, Selden, Richard F, Madden, Diana, Berger, Dan, Erlich, Henry, Hampton, Kathryn, Kleiser, Andreas, La Vaccara, Alessandra, Parsons, Thomas J, Peccerelli, Fredy A, Piñero, Mariana Herrera, Stebbins, Michael J, Vásquez, Patricia, Warf, Curren W, White, Thomas J, Stover, Eric, and Svetaz, M Veronica

Subjects
Human Society, Law and Legal Studies, Demography, Pediatric, Genetics, Behavioral and Social Science, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Clinical Research, Generic health relevance, Decent Work and Economic Growth, Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, Databases, Nucleic Acid, Emigrants and Immigrants, Family, Family Separation, Humans, Microsatellite Repeats, Organizations, Undocumented Immigrants, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Perceived lack of tools, and fears of the sensitivity of DNA data, should not be obstacles

Published
2021

34. The Mandatory Ethics and Governance Courses in Fiji's Universities: Institutional Ecologies, Teaching Philosophies and the (Ethical) Future of Tertiary Education in the Pacific

Author

White, Thomas A. J. and Mua, Makereta

Abstract

For the last 15 years and across Fiji's three universities, over 40,000 students have completed mandatory courses in Ethics and Governance. Emerging from growing perceptions of graduate misconduct, Fiji's 2006 'clean-up' military coup and corporate scandals from Enron to the Fiji National Bank, these courses explore personal, political and corporate governance and topics ranging from religion, human rights, cultural relativism and gender, to the environment, business ethics, personal integrity and the meaning of work. This article reports on intra-university contests regarding the merits, costs, values and efficacy of these courses. Frequently mischaracterised as moral instruction, and ineffective at producing the 'good employee', some courses have been replaced with program-specific professional ethics courses. The andragogic philosophy of these courses, however, targets moral autonomy and ethical literacy, skills aimed more for the 'good citizen'. Whether the remaining mandatory, holistic Ethics courses continue may depend on what student outcomes Fiji's universities prioritise most.

Published
2022
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39. The Coronavirus Standards Working Group’s roadmap for improved population testing

Author

Mercer, Tim, Almond, Neil, Crone, Michael A., Chain, Patrick S. G., Deshpande, Alina, Eveleigh, Deepa, Freemont, Paul, Fuchs, Sebastien, Garlick, Russell, Huggett, Jim, Kammel, Martin, Li, Po-E, Milavec, Mojca, Marlowe, Elizabeth M., O’Sullivan, Denise M., Page, Mark, Pestano, Gary A., Suliman, Sara, Simen, Birgitte, Sninsky, John J., Sopchak, Lynne, Tato, Cristina M., Vallone, Peter M., Vandesompele, Jo, White, Thomas J., Zeichhardt, Heinz, and Salit, Marc

Published
2022
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41. What Does 'Below Basic' Mean on NAEP Reading?

Author

White, Thomas G., Sabatini, John P., and White, Sheida

Abstract

The fourth-grade 2019 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) Reading assessment shows that 34% of the nation's students perform below the "NAEP Basic" level. However, because there is no achievement-level description for below Basic, educators and policymakers lack information on the nature of the reading difficulties that these students face. To help fill this gap, we analyze data from the 2018 NAEP Oral Reading Fluency study. We find that, compared with students who perform at the "NAEP Basic" level and above, students who perform below "NAEP Basic" level are much more likely to have poor oral reading fluency and word reading skills.

Published
2021
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45. Time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography at the European XFEL

Author

Pandey, Suraj, Bean, Richard, Sato, Tokushi, Poudyal, Ishwor, Bielecki, Johan, Cruz Villarreal, Jorvani, Yefanov, Oleksandr, Mariani, Valerio, White, Thomas A, Kupitz, Christopher, Hunter, Mark, Abdellatif, Mohamed H, Bajt, Saša, Bondar, Valerii, Echelmeier, Austin, Doppler, Diandra, Emons, Moritz, Frank, Matthias, Fromme, Raimund, Gevorkov, Yaroslav, Giovanetti, Gabriele, Jiang, Man, Kim, Daihyun, Kim, Yoonhee, Kirkwood, Henry, Klimovskaia, Anna, Knoska, Juraj, Koua, Faisal HM, Letrun, Romain, Lisova, Stella, Maia, Luis, Mazalova, Victoria, Meza, Domingo, Michelat, Thomas, Ourmazd, Abbas, Palmer, Guido, Ramilli, Marco, Schubert, Robin, Schwander, Peter, Silenzi, Alessandro, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jolanta, Tolstikova, Alexandra, Chapman, Henry N, Ros, Alexandra, Barty, Anton, Fromme, Petra, Mancuso, Adrian P, and Schmidt, Marius

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biological Sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Crystallography, X-Ray, Light, Models, Molecular, Photoreceptors, Microbial, Protein Conformation, Time Factors, Technology, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences
Abstract

The European XFEL (EuXFEL) is a 3.4-km long X-ray source, which produces femtosecond, ultrabrilliant and spatially coherent X-ray pulses at megahertz (MHz) repetition rates. This X-ray source has been designed to enable the observation of ultrafast processes with near-atomic spatial resolution. Time-resolved crystallographic investigations on biological macromolecules belong to an important class of experiments that explore fundamental and functional structural displacements in these molecules. Due to the unusual MHz X-ray pulse structure at the EuXFEL, these experiments are challenging. Here, we demonstrate how a biological reaction can be followed on ultrafast timescales at the EuXFEL. We investigate the picosecond time range in the photocycle of photoactive yellow protein (PYP) with MHz X-ray pulse rates. We show that difference electron density maps of excellent quality can be obtained. The results connect the previously explored femtosecond PYP dynamics to timescales accessible at synchrotrons. This opens the door to a wide range of time-resolved studies at the EuXFEL.

Published
2020

46. Author Correction: Membrane protein megahertz crystallography at the European XFEL

Author

Gisriel, Chris, Coe, Jesse, Letrun, Romain, Yefanov, Oleksandr M, Luna-Chavez, Cesar, Stander, Natasha E, Lisova, Stella, Mariani, Valerio, Kuhn, Manuela, Aplin, Steve, Grant, Thomas D, Dörner, Katerina, Sato, Tokushi, Echelmeier, Austin, Villarreal, Jorvani Cruz, Hunter, Mark S, Wiedorn, Max O, Knoska, Juraj, Mazalova, Victoria, Roy-Chowdhury, Shatabdi, Yang, Jay-How, Jones, Alex, Bean, Richard, Bielecki, Johan, Kim, Yoonhee, Mills, Grant, Weinhausen, Britta, Meza, Jose D, Al-Qudami, Nasser, Bajt, Saša, Brehm, Gerrit, Botha, Sabine, Boukhelef, Djelloul, Brockhauser, Sandor, Bruce, Barry D, Coleman, Matthew A, Danilevski, Cyril, Discianno, Erin, Dobson, Zachary, Fangohr, Hans, Martin-Garcia, Jose M, Gevorkov, Yaroslav, Hauf, Steffen, Hosseinizadeh, Ahmad, Januschek, Friederike, Ketawala, Gihan K, Kupitz, Christopher, Maia, Luis, Manetti, Maurizio, Messerschmidt, Marc, Michelat, Thomas, Mondal, Jyotirmoy, Ourmazd, Abbas, Previtali, Gianpietro, Sarrou, Iosifina, Schön, Silvan, Schwander, Peter, Shelby, Megan L, Silenzi, Alessandro, Sztuk-Dambietz, Jolanta, Szuba, Janusz, Turcato, Monica, White, Thomas A, Wrona, Krzysztof, Xu, Chen, Abdellatif, Mohamed H, Zook, James D, Spence, John CH, Chapman, Henry N, Barty, Anton, Kirian, Richard A, Frank, Matthias, Ros, Alexandra, Schmidt, Marius, Fromme, Raimund, Mancuso, Adrian P, Fromme, Petra, and Zatsepin, Nadia A

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biological Sciences
Abstract

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Published
2020

47. Fast Non-Adiabatic Dynamics of Many-Body Quantum Systems

Author

Larder, Brett, Gericke, Dirk, Richardson, Scott, Mabey, Paul, White, Thomas, and Gregori, Gianluca

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

Modeling many-body quantum systems with strong interactions is one of the core challenges of modern physics. A range of methods has been developed to approach this task, each with its own idiosyncrasies, approximations, and realm of applicability. Perhaps the most successful and ubiquitous of these approaches is density functional theory (DFT). Its Kohn-Sham formulation has been the basis for many fundamental physical insights, and it has been successfully applied to fields as diverse as quantum chemistry, condensed matter and dense plasmas. Despite the progress made by DFT and related schemes, however, there remain many problems that are intractable for existing methods. In particular, many approaches face a huge computational barrier when modeling large numbers of coupled electrons and ions at finite temperature. Here, we address this shortfall with a new approach to modeling many-body quantum systems. Based on the Bohmian trajectories formalism, our new method treats the full particle dynamics with a considerable increase in computational speed. As a result, we are able to perform large-scale simulations of coupled electron-ion systems without employing the adiabatic Born-Oppenheimer approximation.

Published
2018

48. Sternal Fracture Repair

Author

Bauman, Zachary M., Eriksson, Evert A., White, Thomas W., Shiroff, Adam M., editor, Seamon, Mark J., editor, and Kaplan, Lewis J., editor

Published
2022
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