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The focus of the report is on understanding the nature and extent of substance use in the military and the resulting negative consequences from that use. Chapter 1 of the report provides a brief introduction and overview of the study and chapter 2 describes relevant past research on civilian and military substance use. Chapter 3 presents conceptual definitions of use, abuse and adverse effects and notes the analytic approach of the study. Chapter 4 discusses the methodology for the survey. Chapter 5 provides analyses that assess the prevalence and correlates of alcohol use, nonmedical drug use, and tobacco use. Chapter 6 describes negative effects attributed to alcohol use and drug use based on measures from prior Worldwide studies and develops new indicators of negative effects. Chapter 7 reports multivariate analyses of problem behaviors, drug and alcohol use, and negative effects of drug and alcohol use. Chapter 8 presents survey findings related to drug and alcohol policies and programs and Chapter 9 considers for the first time in the Worldwide studies the relationship between health practices, illness and substance abuse.