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A peculiar habitat type found in the savannas of Central Cuba, Villa Clara province, and characterized by the presence of a surface gravel layer of “perdigones”, an assemblage of small ferralitic concretions, upon the “mocarrero” soil prevailing in the area, is described. On sterile gravel patches only one species grows: Elytraria serpens, a new species decribed and named here. It is noteworthy for possessing long and wide creeping, stoloniform subterranean peduncles with apical gemmae developing into rooting leaf rosettes enabling vegetative propagation. The new species is close to E. shaferi and considered to derive from the latter by adaptive evolution enabling it to survive in its hostile habitat, sheltered from the competition of other plant species. Small soil insects, e.g. ants, are believed to act as pollinators.

The group of Centaurea (sect. Acrolophus) cineraria (Compositae) in Sicily includes four currently accepted species plus four taxa that have been considered, with some doubt, as subspecies of one of them (C. panormitana). In total, discounting recombinations and replacement names, 11 names (seven specific, three varietal, one of a forma), all based on Sicilian material, were published by past authors for these eight taxa. Two of the names had their holotype indicated upon publication; two have been lectotypified previously; six (C. busambarensis var. obtusiloba, C. cineraria var. soluntina, C. cineraria var. umbrosa, C. todaroi, C. todaroi f. seguenzae and C. ucriae) are lectotypified here; and C. panormitana is neotypified. The whole group is extremely variable and the delimitation of most taxa is still uncertain. Pending further study, including the sampling of wild populations, no taxonomic reassessment is therefore attempted here, with one exception: the merger of C. panormitana subsp. ucriae with C. panormitana subsp. panormitana.

The seven species currently placed in the genus Nashia are revised, based on the near totality of the (scant) material found in the world's herbaria. A morphological analysis of, in particular, the calyx and fruit reveals the heterogeneity of that genus. As a result, Nashia is reduced to its single original species, N. inaguensis, described from Great Inagua, Bahamas (where it is here considered to have been introduced by man), and recently found on Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (St Croix). Nashia spinifera, of Hispaniola, is placed in Isidroa, a monotypic new genus. The five Cuban endemics, plus two newly described here, make up the new genus Diphyllocalyx, formerly Lippia sect. Diphyllocalyx of Grisebach. The formal treatment of all nine taxa comprises synonymy, type citation, detailed descriptions, specimen citation, distribution maps, and a key for identification. Possible evolutionary scenarios as well as conservation status are discussed. Citation: Greuter W. & Rankin Rodriguez R. 201...

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RESUMEN Se revisan los datos de la literatura sobre la distribución de Enicostema verticillatum, el único representante del género en el Nuevo Mundo. Se descartan las antiguas indicaciones de su presencia en Cuba, Jamaica, La Española y Florida, mientras que se confirma que crece en la República Dominicana como planta introducida posiblemente naturalizada. Nuevas recolectas demuestran además su naturalización, quizás reciente, en la provincia de Cienfuegos, Cuba central. Se ofrece un tratamiento del género y de la especie en el formato de la Flora de la República de Cuba, para servir de complemento al fascículo Gentianaceae de aquella obra. Palabras claves: Enicostema verticillatum, corología, fitogeografía, nomenclatura, tipificación, Flora de la República de Cuba, Cienfuegos, Florida, Jamaica, La Española, Puerto Rico ABSTRACT Literature data on the distribution of Enicostema verticillatum, the sole New-World species of the genus, are reviewed. Old records for Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and Florida are dismissed, the occurrence in the Dominican Republic (as a possibly naturalised alien) is confirmed. New gatherings demonstrate the probably fairly recent naturalisation of the species in Cienfuegos Province, Central Cuba. A treatment of the genus and species in the format of the Flora de la República de Cuba is supplied, to serve as a complement to the Gentianaceae treatment in that Flora. Keywords: Enicostema verticillatum, chorology, phytogeography, nomenclature, typification, Flora de la República de Cuba, Cienfuegos, Florida, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico Recibido: 20 de agosto 2015 Aceptado: 25 de septiembre 2015

Ferrer-Gallego P. P., Greuter W., Egido F. del & Mateo G.: Typification of the Linnaean name Hieracium cerinthoides (Compositae). — Willdenowia 45: 385–389. 2015. — Version of record first published online on 1 October 2015 ahead of inclusion in December 2015 issue; ISSN 1868-6397; © 2015 BGBM Berlin. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3372/wi.45.45302 The typification of the Linnaean name Hieracium cerinthoides (Compositae) is discussed. Original material conserved in LINN is designated as the lectotype. An epitype is also designated here in order to avoid any ambiguity in the interpretation of the type specimen.

The three Isoetes species recorded from Thessalia (Thessaly) in N Greece by Haussknecht, in 1899, under the names I. setacea, I. heldreichii, and I. phrygia, were reassessed using megaspore and microspore ornamentation in addition to macromorphological features. “Isoetes setacea” is not the SW European I. delilei to which the name I. setacea was generally misapplied, nor “I. echinospora” as it has been called due to a misunderstanding, but a so far undescribed species here named I. haussknechtii; it has not been found again in Haussknecht’s locality but has recently turned up in Peloponnisos and the E Aegean Islands. I. heldreichii, described from Haussknecht’s gathering, is apparently extinct. The record of I. phrygia was based on misidentified I. gymnocarpa. Even so, contrary to prevailing opinion, Haussknecht was justified in raising Boissier’s I. histrix var. phrygia to specific rank; genuine I. phrygia has recently been discovered in Kriti (Crete). The inventory of Greek Isoetes now comprises seven species, of which I. phrygia and I. todaroana are newly recorded here. Greek specimens studied are cited for all of them, and a key for their identification is presented. The names I. heldreichii and I. phrygia are typified.

The name Isoetes setacea has been applied to two different species, causing nomenclatural and taxonomic confusion. Some authors have rejected it on that account, yet it is currently used in a sense that is incompatible with its type. That type represents one of two similar species, I. echinospora and I. lacustris, which still today grow together at the type locality. An epitype is designated here, ensuring that I. setacea is sunk in synonymy under I. lacustris. A second name potentially threatening I. echinospora is I. tenella. It is currently regarded as a synonym of I. lacustris, but its type, a plate in Flora Danica, cannot be confidently identified, nor are there any specimens associated with it. Again, an epitype is designated to cement the current disposition of I. tenella and remove that second threat from I. echinospora. The correct name of the species generally misnamed I. setacea is I. delilei, here lectotypified.

An inventory is presented of all names so far validly published in Cynoglossum sensu lato and its segregate genera: Adelocaryum, Afrotysonia, Kuschakewiczia, Lindelofia, Mattiastrum, Paracaryum, Rindera, Solenanthus, Trachelanthus, and their synonyms. Names and designations that were not validly published in the cited place, and later isonyms, are accounted for when they have been included in the International Plant Name Index (IPNI). Problems with IPNI entries, including errors and omissions, are discussed, and the hope is expressed that the present inventory may be of use for fixing them. The inventory, generated from a list of structured data, is presented in two Supplements, as a searchable HTML document comprising a sequence of entries with internal cross-links and links to external sources, in particular to protologues accessible online or, copyright restrictions permitting, made available as scanned documents via DOIs, and as machine-readible file. With minor exceptions, all names have been verified in their original place of publication, and all were nomenclaturally assessed. Colour coding is used to distinguish between names (in green) pertaining to Cynoglossum sensu lato, for which complete synonymies are provided; and names (in orange) pertaining to other genera but published under Cynoglossum or its segregates. They are listed together with their basionym and the corresponding correct name (if it exists), but without complete synonymy. Acceptable, potentially correct names appear in bold-face type, both under a broadly defined Cynoglossum (for which purpose validation of 81 new combinations and the name of 1 new species was necessary) and under one or more of its segregates. When a name was published for a new taxon, original material is indicated, usually by direct quotation from the protologue. New type designations are exceptional (two cases), whereas former type designations are cited whenever known. Furthermore, types and original specimens, especially when their digital images are available online, are mentioned with their locations and accession numbers. Comments are added whenever appropriate, especially to explain nomenclatural assessments that are not self-evident.

The Melbourne Congress of 2011 authorized a Special Committee on Registration of Algal and Plant Names (including fossils), which was established the following year (Wilson in Taxon 61: 878–879. 2012). Its explicit mandate was “to consider what would be involved in registering algal and plant names (including fossils), using a procedure analogous to that for fungal names agreed upon in Melbourne and included in the Code as Art. 42”, but expectations at the Nomenclature Section in Melbourne went farther than that. There was the hope that registration systems for at least some of the main groups would soon be set up, to be used and tested on a voluntary basis and, if found to be generally accepted, would persuade the subsequent Congress in Shenzhen, in 2017, to declare registration of new names an additional requirement for valid publication. The Melbourne Congress also approved mandatory registration of nomenclatural novelties in fungi, starting on 1 Jan 2013. The new Art. 42 of the Code (McNeill & al. in Regnum Veg. 154. 2012) requires authors to register any fungal nomenclatural novelty, prior to publication, with a recognized repository, whereupon they are provided with a unique identifier for each name, to be included in the protologue along with other Code-mandated information. Years before registration became mandatory, mycologists had been encouraged, often prompted by journal editors, to register their nomenclatural novelties prior to publication. Most complied. Consequently, when mandatory registration was proposed, it had strong support from the mycological community. There are currently three recognized repositories for fungal names. They vary somewhat in how they operate, but they share records of their registered novelties as soon as publication has been effected. One consequence of implementing mandatory registration is that locating new fungal names and combinations and associated protologue information is much simpler now than it was before. This makes it easier to incorporate the information into taxonomic studies and to update taxonomic treatments, inventories, and indices. A corollary is that, no matter what publication outlet an author chooses, the name cannot fail to be noticed. The positive experience in mycology makes extension of the registration concept to plants and algae a compelling idea. That experience shows that the best way to make mandatory registration of nomenclatural novelties palatable to botanists and phycologists is the establishment of trial registration at repositories with a history of involvement in and commitment to the indexing of names. Trial registration enables users to acquaint themselves with registration procedures, make suggestions on how they might be improved, and appreciate, by personal experience, the benefits of registration. Unfortunately, the task of establishing such repositories proved to be more complex and time-consuming than had been foreseen. Substantial progress has been made in the establishment of such centres (Barkworth & al., in this issue, pp. 670–672) but the Committee is not in a position to make firm proposals to regulate registration procedures, even less to make registration mandatory from a concrete future date. Nevertheless, the Committee sees it as imperative that the Shenzhen Congress be offered the opportunity to move forward with registration without having to wait six more years. In this spirit, we offer the proposals below. Proposal (276) would declare registration an ongoing concern of the botanical, mycological, and phycological community and provide the basic structure for making it possible. Proposal (277) and Prop. (278) would, in addition, define a flexible framework within which a system of voluntary registration could be developed for various categories of organisms. Proposal (279) would provide for future mandatory registration in a way that does not depend on the six-year intervals between International Botanical Congresses. Presentation of each proposal is followed by a summary of the support received from members of the Committee. Fil: Barkworth, Mary E.. State University of Utah; Estados Unidos Fil: Watson, Mark. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Barrie, Fred R.. Missouri Botanical Garden; Estados Unidos. Field Museum Of Natural History; Estados Unidos Fil: Belyaeva, Irina V.. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Chung, Richard C. K.. Forest Research Institute ; Malasia Fil: Dasková, Jirina. Národní Muzeum; República Checa Fil: Davidse, Gerrit. Missouri Botanical Garden; Estados Unidos Fil: Dönmez, Ali A.. Hacettepe Üniversitesi; Turquía Fil: Doweld, Alexander B.. National Institute Of Carpology; Rusia Fil: Dressler, Stefan. Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut Und Naturmuseum; Alemania Fil: Flann, Christina. Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Países Bajos Fil: Gandhi, Kanchi. Harvard University; Estados Unidos Fil: Geltman, Dmitry. Russian Academy of Science; Rusia Fil: Glen, Hugh F.. Forest Hills; Sudáfrica Fil: Greuter, Werner. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Head, Martin J.. Brock University; Canadá Fil: Jahn, Regine. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Janarthanam, Malapati K.. Goa University; India Fil: Katinas, Liliana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División de Plantas Vasculares; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina Fil: Kirk, Paul M.. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Klazenga, Niels. Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria; Australia Fil: Kusber, Wolf-Henning. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Kvacek, Jirí. Národní Muzeum; República Checa Fil: Malécot, Valéry. Universite D'angers; Francia Fil: Mann, David G.. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Marhold, Karol. Charles University; República Checa Fil: Nagamasu, Hidetoshi. Kyoto University; Japón Fil: Nicolson, Nicky. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Paton, Alan. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Patterson, David J.. The University Of Sydney; Australia Fil: Price, Michelle J.. Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève; Suiza Fil: van Reine, Willem F Prud' Homme. Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Países Bajos Fil: Schneider, Craig W.. Trinity College Hartford; Estados Unidos Fil: Sennikov, Alexander. Russian Academy Of Sciences; Rusia Fil: Smith, Gideon F.. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; Sudáfrica. Universidad de Coimbra; Portugal Fil: Stevens, Peter F.. Missouri Botanical Garden; Estados Unidos. University of Missouri; Estados Unidos Fil: Yang, Zhu-Liang. Kunming Institute Of Botany Chinese Academy Of Sciences; China Fil: Zhang, Xian-Chun. Chinese Academy of Sciences; República de China Fil: Zuccarello, Giuseppe C.. Victoria University Of Wellington; Nueva Zelanda

The Special Committee on Registration of Algal and Plant Names (including fossils) was established at the XVIII International Botanical Congress (IBC) in Melbourne in 2011, its mandate being to consider what would be involved in registering algal and plant names (including fossils), using a procedure analogous to that for fungal names agreed upon in Melbourne and included as Art. 42 in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. Because experience with voluntary registration was key to persuading mycologists of the advantages of mandatory registration, we began by asking institutions with a history of nomenclatural indexing to develop mechanisms that would permit registration. The task proved more difficult than anticipated, but considerable progress has been made, as is described in this report. It also became evident that the Nomenclature Section needs a structure that will allow ongoing discussion of registration and associated issues. Simultaneously with this report we are submitting four proposals that would provide such a structure. Fil: Barkworth, Mary E.. State University of Utah; Estados Unidos Fil: Watson, Mark. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Barrie, Fred R.. Field Museum of National History; Estados Unidos Fil: Belyaeva, Irina V.. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Chung, Richard C. K.. Forest Research Institute Malaysia; Malasia Fil: Dašková, Jiřina. National Museum; República Checa Fil: Davidse, Gerrit. Missouri Botanical Garden; Estados Unidos Fil: Dönmez, Ali A.. Hacettepe Üniversitesi; Turquía Fil: Alexander B. Doweld. National Institute of Carpology; Rusia Fil: Dressler, Stefan. Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum; Alemania Fil: Flann, Christina. Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Países Bajos Fil: Gandhi, Kanchi. Harvard University; Estados Unidos Fil: Geltman, Dmitry. Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Rusia Fil: Glen, Hugh F.. Forest Hills; Sudáfrica Fil: Greuter, Werner. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Head, Martin J.. Brock University; Canadá Fil: Jahn, Regine. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Janarthanam, Malapati K.. Goa University; India Fil: Katinas, Liliana. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División de Plantas Vasculares; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Kirk, Paul M.. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Klazenga, Niels. Royal Botanic Gardens; Australia Fil: Kusber, Wolf Henning. Freie Universität Berlin; Alemania Fil: Kvaček, Jiří. National Museum; República Checa Fil: Malécot, Valéry. Université d’Angers; Francia Fil: Mann, David G.. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido. Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology; España Fil: Marhold, Karol. Charles University; República Checa Fil: Nagamasu, Hidetoshi. Kyoto University; Japón Fil: Nicolson, Nicky. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Paton, Alan. Royal Botanic Gardens; Reino Unido Fil: Patterson, David J.. University of Sydney; Australia Fil: Price, Michelle J.. Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève; Italia Fil: Prud'homme van Reine, Willem F.. Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Países Bajos Fil: Schneider, Craig W.. Trinity College; Estados Unidos Fil: Sennikov, Alexander. University of Helsinski; Finlandia Fil: Smith, Gideon F.. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; Sudáfrica Fil: Stevens, Peter F.. Missouri Botanical Garden; Estados Unidos. University of Missouri-St; Estados Unidos Fil: Yang, Zhu-Liang. Chinese Academy of Sciences; República de China Fil: Zhang, Xian-Chun. Chinese Academy of Sciences; República de China Fil: Zuccarello, Giuseppe C.. Victoria University of Wellington; Nueva Zelanda

The work on the Isoetaceae account for the Critical Flora of Italy has resulted in a new, synonymic inventory of Italian Isoetes taxa, based on herbarium studies, observation by scanning electron microscopy and critical re-examination of the previously published works. Ten species are listed. The names I. longissima and I. gymnocarpa are restored as correct, to replace I. velata and I. subinermis, respectively. Eighteen lectotypes, one epitype and one neotype are designated. A dichotomous key to Italian taxa is provided.

Names of 20 presumed taxa in Draba sect. Aizopsis, all based on material from Italy, are considered. Full synonymies are provided, and types are designated (for 14 names) or indicated. Most of the taxa are currently considered unworthy of recognition, of which 16 belong to D. aspera sensu lato. However, the question of whether the Sicilian populations might be distinct from the peninsular populations is still unsettled.

Greuter W. & Raus Th. (ed.): Med-Checklist Notulae, 31. — Willdenowia 42: 287–295. December 2012. — Online ISSN 1868-6397; © 2012 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. Stable URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3372/wi.42.42215 Continuing a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to the Med-Checklist project are presented, this instalment deals with the families Cupressaceae; Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Crassulaceae, Labiatae, Leguminosae, Linaceae, Portulacaceae, Primulaceae, Rosaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Umbelliferae; Cyperaceae, Gramineae, Hydrocharitaceae, Iridaceae and Liliaceae. It includes new country and area records, taxonomic and distributional considerations. A new species is described in Poa; new combinations are proposed in Calamintha, Noaea, Oenanthe, Ornithogalum, Pilosella and Trifolium.

Greuter W. & Raus Th. (ed.): Med-Checklist Notulae, 30. — Willdenowia 41: 311–328. December 2011. — Online ISSN 1868-6397; © BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. Stable URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3372/wi.41.41213 Continuing a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to the Med-Checklist project are presented, this instalment deals with the families Bignoniaceae, Boraginaceae, Callitrichaceae, Capparaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Euphorbiaceae, Fagaceae, Leguminosae, Malvaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Orobanchaceae, Plantaginaceae, Ranunculaceae, Resedaceae, Rosaceae, Scrophulariaceae; Commelinaceae, Cyperaceae and Gramineae. It includes new country and area records, taxonomic and distributional considerations. New taxa are described in Capparis, Eragrostis, Plantago and Ventenata; new combinations and names at new rank are proposed in Aegonychon, Alcea, Amelanchier, Anemonastrum, Centaurea, Cerinthe, Chamaecytisus, Cytisus, Digitalis, Iranecio, Malva, Mattiastr...

Greuter W. & Raab-Straube E. von (ed.): Euro+Med Notulae, 5 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes 27], — Willdenowia 41: 129–138. — Online ISSN 1868-6397; © 2011 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. doi: 10.3372/wi.41.41117 (available via http://dx.doi.org/) This is the fifth of a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to the Euro+Med (or Sisyphus) Project are presented. This instalment deals with the families Betulaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Leguminosae, Plumbaginaceae, Portulacaceae, Ranunculaceae, Salicaceae and Gramineae, including new country and area records for taxa of Avena, Chamaecytisus (Cytisus), Dichanthium, Eragrostis, Festuca, Holcus, Poa and Portulaca, and the validation of names in the genera Alnus, Anemonastrum, Dactylis, Homalotrichon, Limonium, Salix and Salsola.

Preamble1. Biology requires a precise, coherent and simple system for the naming of organisms used internationally,dealing both with the nomenclatural terms and with the scientific names that are applied to the individualtaxonomic groups of organisms (taxa, singular taxon).

Prepared and edited by W. Greuter, G. Garrity, D.L. Hawksworth, R. Jahn, P. Kirk, S. Knapp, J. McNeill, E. Michel, D.J. Patterson, R. Pyle & B.J. Tindall on behalf of the IUBS/IUMS International Committee for Bionomenclature (ICB). Herbarium Mediterraneum, c/o Orto Botanico, Via Lincoln 2/A, I-90123 Palermo, Italy; and Botanischer Garten & Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Free University of Berlin, Konigin-Luise-Str. 6–8, D-14195 Berlin, Germany (e-mail: w.greuter@bgbm.org) 6162 Biomedical & Physical Sciences Bldg., Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824–4320, U.S.A. (e-mail: garrity@msu.edu) Departamento de Biologia Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramon y Cajal, Madrid 28040, Spain and Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD,U.K. (e-mail: d.hawksworth@nhm.ac.uk) Botanischer Garten & Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Free University of Berlin, Konigin-Luise-Str. 6–8, D-14195 Berlin, Germany (e-mail: r.jahn@bgbm.org) CAB International, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, U.K. (e-mail: p.kirk@cabi.org) Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, U.K. (e-mail: s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk) Royal Botanic Garden, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, Scotland, U.K. (e-mail: j.mcneill@rbge.ac.uk) ICZN Secretariat, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, U.K. (e-mail: iczn-em@nhm.ac.uk) Biodiversity Informatics, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, U.S.A. (e-mail: dpatterson@mbl.edu) Department of Natural Sciences, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice St., Honolulu, HI 96817, U.S.A. (e-mail: deepreef@bishopmuseum.org) Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany (e-mail: bti@dsmz.de)