Search

Una nueva avispa social invasora, conocida como “Avispón Oriental”, fue detectada recientemente en el centro de Chile (Región Metropolitana). Si bien este hallazgo no implica necesariamente que llegue a la Argentina, estar alerta, conocer sus hábitos y características distintivas, nos puede ayudar a detectarla de forma temprana en nuestro territorio y evitar su establecimiento. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche Fil: Masciocchi, Maite. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Area Forestal. Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Abertman, Marina Paula. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente; Argentina Fil: Buteler, Micaela. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente; Argentina Fil: Morales, Carolina Laura. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente; Argentina Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente; Argentina

Harmonia axyridis, llamada comúnmente vaquita asiática multicolor (VAM) o vaquita arlequín, pertenece a la familia de los coccinélidos, conocidos en Argentina como vaquitas de San Antonio o mariquitas. Los coccinélidos se encuentran dentro del grupo de los coleópteros, al cual pertenecen también los escarabajos,saltapericos,gorgojos y luciérnagas, entre muchos otros, y cuya característica común es que presentan un par de alas duras modificadas llamadas "élitros" que protegen un par de alas blandas que generalmente se utilizan para volar. En estado adulto los coccinélidos son de forma redondeada u ovalada y tienen un tamaño promedio de entre 2 mm y 6 mm (aunque su tamaño puede variar entre menos de 1mm y más de 18 mm). En Argentina existen más de 160 especies de coccinélidos. Varias especies presentan colores llamativos y son las que comúnmente reconocemos como vaquitas de San Antonio, pero además existen muchas otras especies pequeñas que usualmente pasan desapercibidas, pero que también cumplen roles ecológicos importantes. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Área de Recursos Forestales. Grupo de Ecología de Pobalciones de Insectos Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Laboratorio ECOTONO; Argentina

Changes in the environmental conditions experienced by naturally occurring populations are frequently accompanied by changes in adaptive traits allowing the organism to cope with environmental unpredictability. Phenotypic plasticity is a major aspect of adaptation and it has been involved in population dynamics of interacting species. In this study, phenotypic plasticity (i.e., environmental sensitivity) of morphological adaptive traits were analyzed in the cactophilic species Drosophila buzzatii and Drosophila koepferae (Diptera: Drosophilidae) considering the effect of crowding conditions (low and high density), type of competition (intraspecific and interspecific competition) and cacti hosts (Opuntia and Columnar cacti). All traits (wing length, wing width, thorax length, wing loading and wing aspect) showed significant variation for each environmental factor considered in both Drosophila species. The phenotypic plasticity pattern observed for each trait was different within and between these cactophilic Drosophila species depending on the environmental factor analyzed suggesting that body size-related traits respond almost independently to environmental heterogeneity. The effects of ecological factors analyzed in this study are discussed in order to elucidate the causal factors investigated (type of competition, crowding conditions and alternative host) affecting the election of the breeding site and/or the range of distribution of these cactophilic species. Fil: Fanara, Juan Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina

Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET - Patagonia Norte; Argentina Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Argentina Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Universidad Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Pirk, Gabriela I. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Pirk, Gabriela I. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina Fil: Pirk, Gabriela I. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Pirk, Gabriela I. Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Argentina Fil: Pirk, Gabriela I. Universidad de Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Lescano, María N. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Lescano, María N. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina Fil: Lescano, María N. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Lescano, María N. Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Argentina Fil: Lescano, María N. Universidad de Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Benclowicz, José D. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Benclowicz, José D. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina Fil: Benclowicz, José D. Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio; Argentina Fil: Benclowicz, José D. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro; Argentina Fil: Elizalde, Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Elizalde, Luciana. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina Fil: Elizalde, Luciana. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Elizalde, Luciana. Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Argentina Fil: Elizalde, Luciana. Universidad de Bariloche; Argentina Firewood can act as a long-distance dispersal vector for wood-infesting insects both within and among countries. Recently, we have detected the alien carpenter ant Camponotus mus in firewood transported from central Argentina to Patagonia. This species generates significant economic losses in its native range and has invader potential. Moreover, global warming and the increasing anthropogenic disturbance in Patagonia make this region highly susceptible to insect invasions. This is especially alarming considering the current lack of sanitary controls of incoming goods. To prevent insect introductions via firewood it is crucial to implement a joint effort among the scientific community, control organisms, government, and end user. La leña puede actuar como vector de dispersión de insectos a larga distancia, tanto dentro como entre países. Recientemente encontramos en Patagonia a la hormiga carpintera exótica Camponotus mus en leña transportada desde el centro de la Argentina. Esta especie tiene potencial invasor, y en su rango nativo genera pérdidas económicas signifcativas. Además, el calentamiento global y el incremento de los disturbios antrópicos en los ecosistemas Patagónicos los vuelven muy susceptible a las invasiones de insectos. Esto es especialmente alarmante dada la falta de controles sanitarios en el transporte de bienes hacia la región. Para prevenir introducciones de insectos a través de la leña es necesario un esfuerzo conjunto de la comunidad científica, los organismos de control, el gobierno y los usuarios finales.

Coptoprepes laudani, new species Figs 1–2 Coptoprepes ecotono Werenkraut & Ramírez 2009: 9 (only female paratype, MACN-Ar 20320, misidentification, examined). Note. The female paratype of Coptoprepes ecotono (MACN-Ar 20320, from Lago Espejo, Argentina) was collected from a locality about 54 km apart from the type locality of that species (Bariloche). The dual cladistic analysis of the split matrix resulted in a tree in which the Lago Espejo female and an undescribed male from Nahuelbuta National Park in Chile (unfortunately not well preserved for DNA extraction) arise together in a polytomy with Coptoprepes bellavista (Fig. 6 B). Males and females of this last species can be considered as adequately matched, as they were abundantly collected in pitfall traps near Bellavista, a low elevation locality at the north shore of Lake Villarrica. Despite of intensive sampling by entomologists Alfred Newton, Margaret Thayer, Stewart Blaine Peck and Jarmila Kukalova-Peck, only C. bellavista was found there. After this result we decided to match tentatively the undescribed male and the female once regarded as belonging to C. ecotono, as the new species C. laudani; we do this with some hesitation, as they were collected in localities separated by 400 km, but other Coptoprepes species also show wide distributions. Type material. Holotype. Male from Chile, Región IX (Araucanía), Prov. Malleco, Nahuelbuta National Park, S37.78464°, W72.95329°, March 2001, J.E. Barriga, pitfall trap (MHNS, ex MACN-Ar 31144, temporary preparations MLB 0 4086, MLB 00578). Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition, dedicated to M. Barone’s parents; “ laudani ” is a combination of their first names, Laura and Daniel. Diagnosis. Females are similar to those of C. valdiviensis Ramírez by having a flat unsclerotized median field (Werenkraut & Ramírez 2009: fig. 7G) but differs in the first portion of the copulatory ducts, which are longitudinally orientated (Werenkraut & Ramírez 2009: figs 24A–C). Males are distinguished from those of C. valdiviensis by having a median apophysis with wide base and two processes, one conic and short and the other long, curved and thin, less sclerotized (Figs 1 C–D, 2). Description. Male (holotype). Total length 4.52 (including pedicel, stretched). Carapace length 1.83, width 1.23. Tibia of the palp shorter than patella, width/length 1.00. Length of tibia/metatarsus I—1.27/1.10; II—0.93/ 0.83; III—0.70/missing; IV—1.05/1.30. Chelicerae with four (left) or five (right) promarginal teeth and six (left) or five (right) retromarginal teeth. Sternum length 0.97, width 0.75. Abdomen length 2.20, width 1.13. Tracheal spiracle 0.30 from spinnerets, 1.23 from epigastric furrow. Spines: leg I—femur d 1-1-1, p d1ap; patella d 1 bristle bas, r d1; tibia v 2-2 -p1 (all displaced to prolateral side); metatarsus v 2 bas. II = I, except tibia d (r1-0-1) bristles, v r1-r1-2. III—femur d 1-1-1, p and r 0-d1-d1; patella d 1bas bristle, r d1; tibia d r1bas, p and r 1-d1-1-0, v p1-p1-2; metatarsus missing (right legs II and III missing). IV—femur d 1-1-1, p 0-d1-d1, r d1ap; patella d 1bas bristle, r d1; tibia d r1bas, p and r 1-d1-1-0, v p1-2-2; metatarsus d 0-p1-2, p and r d1-1-1, v 2-2 -comb. Color in ethanol: dark brown, carapace reddish brown, sternum and legs lighter than carapace. Abdomen brown, with small light spots. Ventral abdomen lighter than dorsal, with lighter lateral lines (Figs 1 A–B). RTA slightly curved, with truncated tip. Embolus with basal process ample, flattened. Primary conductor with canal where embolus fits, apical tip rounded, unsclerotized. Apical end of secondary conductor straight and laminar, with apical edge thicker and more sclerotized. Median apophysis with wide base and two medium sized processes, one conic and shorter and the other long, curved and lightly sclerotized (Figs 1 C–D, 2). Female (Paratype of Coptoprepes ecotono). Described in Werenkraut & Ramírez (2009: 14, figs 6, 7G–H, 22A, 24A–C). Distribution. Known from Nahuelbuta National Park in Región IX (Araucanía) in Chile, and Río Negro and Neuquén provinces in Argentina. Other material examined. ARGENTINA: Río Negro: Bariloche: Nahuel Huapi Natl. Park, Bariloche, S41.15415º W71.29899º, March 1947, A.G. Giai, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 2227). Neuquén: Los Lagos: Nahuel Huapi Natl. Park, Lago Espejo, S40.61322° W71.74867°, 21.I.1985, M.J. Ramírez 1♀ (MACN-Ar 20320, paratype of Coptoprepes ecotono).

Coptoprepes campanensis Ram��rez, 2003 Figs 7 C���D Diagnosis. Werenkraut & Ram��rez (2009: 14) Description. Ram��rez (2003: 87) Natural History. Most specimens were collected manually or with pitfall traps, on relict forests (Figs 7 C���D). New records. CHILE: Regi��n VII (Maule): Curic��: Ruta J-55, 30 km W de Los Que��es, 1406 m (Figs 7 C��� D), S35.06316�� W70.51248��, 08.II.2012, M.J. Ram��rez, M.A. Izquierdo, P. Michalik, C. Wirknler & K. Huckstorf, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 29165). Regi��n V (Valpara��so): Quillota: La Campana Natl. Park, Palma de Ocoa, 500 m, S32.96404�� W71.08176��, 17.II.2005, M.J. Ram��rez & F.M. Labarque, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 28847). Genetic barcoding. The only specimen sequenced for COI (MACN-Ar 28847) (Table 1) was established by BOLD as the founder of an operational taxonomic unit (BIN) (Fig. 5), and diverge 6.34% from the sequence of the nearest neighbor, the only male of C. ecotono sequenced (CASENT 9029781)., Published as part of Barone, Mariana L., Werenkraut, Victoria & Ram��rez, Mart��n J., 2016, New species and phylogenetic relationships of the spider genus Coptoprepes using morphological and sequence data (Araneae: Anyphaenidae), pp. 436-448 in Zootaxa 4175 (5) on page 443, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4175.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/272482, {"references":["Werenkraut, V. & Ramirez, M. J. (2009) A revision and phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Coptoprepes Simon (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Amaurobioidinae). Zootaxa, 2212, 1 - 40."]}

Coptoprepes ecotono, Werenkraut & Ramírez Figs 3–4 Coptoprepes ecotono Werenkraut & Ramírez 2009: 9 (male holotype MACN-Ar 2218, female paratype excluded). Note. Our analysis of the COI barcoding sequence indicates that a male with the characteristics of Coptoprepes ecotono (CASENT 9029781) share identical sequences with a still undescribed female. Both specimens were collected in the same locality in Chiloé, southern Chile, and have similar somatic morphology. Thus we consider them as conspecific. In comparison, the minimum distance we found between Coptoprepes species is 5.3%, between C. flavopilosus and C. bellavista. The female originally described as C. ecotono is here identified as C. laudani n. sp. Emended diagnosis. Males are similar to those of C. campanensis by virtually lacking RTA, but can be distinguished by having the median apophysis smaller, not bifid (Werenkraut & Ramírez 2009: figs 7A–F, 23A–C). Females are easily distinguished from those of all other Coptoprepes by having two small superficial pouches close to the epigastric furrow and spherical, contiguous spermathecae, with the copulatory ducts posterior to them (Fig. 4). Coptoprepes casablanca has roughly spherical spermathecae, but with the copulatory ducts lateral to them (see Werenkraut and Ramírez 2009: figs 24G–H). Description. Male (holotype). Described in Werenkraut & Ramírez (2009: 9, figs 5, 7A–F, 23A–C). Female (MACN-Ar 19397). Total length 5.19. Carapace length 2.39, width 1.60. Length of tibia/metatarsus I—1.00/0.87; II—0.93/0.87; III—0.80/0.93; IV—1.30/1.40. Palpal tarsus length 0.63. Chelicerae with three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. Sternum length 1.30, width 0.93. Abdomen length 2.87, width 1.47. Tracheal spiracle 0.23 from spinnerets, 1.50 from epigastric furrow. Spines: leg I—femur d 1-1-1, p d2ap; metatarsus v 2 bas. II—femur d 1-1-1, p d1ap; metatarsus v 2 bas. III—femur d 1-1-1, p 0-d1-d1, r d1ap; patella r d1; tibia p 1-d1-1-0, r 0-d1-1-0, v p1-2-2; metatarsus d 0-p1-2, p and r d1-1-1, v 2 -0-(2+thick setae). IV—femur d 1-1-1, p 0-d1-d1, r d1ap; patella r d1; tibia p and r 1-d1-1-0, v 2-2 -2; metatarsus d 0-2-2, p and r d1-1-1, v 2-2 - (2+thick setae). Color in ethanol: Carapace and sternum reddish brown, legs lighter than prosoma. Dorsal abdomen light brown with symmetrical pattern of dark brown patches, ventral abdomen light brown. Sternum reddish brown, darker than legs (Figs 3 A–B). Epigyne with two superficial pouches close to epigastrium, spermathecae spherical, contiguous to each other (Figs 3 C, 4). Copulatory openings close to epigastrium (Figs 3 D, 4), accessory bulbs oriented posteriorly, connection with copulatory ducts apparently close to the beginning of the latter. Copulatory ducts describing a loop from dorsal to ventral at base of spermathecae. First portion of fertilization duct emerging from the base of spermathecae, running posteriorly (Fig. 4). Variability. Rarely five teeth on promargin of chelicerae. Spines slightly variable between right-left sides. Ventral spines of metatarsus in females absent or r 1bas. Leg III—femur r 0-d1-d1; tibia r 1-d1-1-0; metatarsus d 0- 2-2, v x-2 -x or x-p 1-x. IV—femur p d1ap or none; tibia v p1-2-2. Frequently dorsal side of patella and tibia with long apical and basal bristles. Distribution. Known from Nahuelbuta Natl. Park in Chile, Región IX (Araucanía) and Chiloé Island in Region X (Los Lagos), also in Río Negro province in Argentina. Other material examined. ARGENTINA: Río Negro: Bariloche: El Bolsón, Reserva Forestal Loma del Medio-Río Azul, S41.97726° W71.55416°, Malaise trap, April 2002, P. Sackmann, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 19397, temporary preparations MLB 0 4167, VIW-00007, MLB 00902). CHILE: Región IX (Araucanía): Malleco: Nahuelbuta Natl. Park, S37.78464° W72.95329°, elev. 1200 m, fogging Nothofagus dombeyi, 12.II.2005, J.E. Barriga, 3♀ (MACN-Ar 31360, MACN-Ar 31361, MACN-Ar 31359). Región X (Los Lagos): Chiloé: Isla Chiloé, Chinquén, S42.61830° W74.10970°, elev. 60 m, fogging Nothofagus nitida and Amomyrtus luma, 04.III.2008, Arias et. al., 1♀ 1♂ (CASENT 9 0 29781, temporary preparations MLB 0 4087, MLB 04088); fogging Nothofagus nitida and Lonicera sempervirens 1♀ (CASENT 9034099); elev. 31 m, fogging Nothofagus nitida, 01.III.2008, 1♀ (CASENT 9034041). Genetic barcoding. The COI sequence of a male (CASENT 9029781) is identical as one of the females (CASENT 9034099), and diverge 0.8% with the other female sequenced (CASENT 9034041). This group of sequences diverge 6.1% with the nearest neighbor, the only record of C. campanensis (MACN-Ar 28847).

Coptoprepes Simon, 1884 Coptoprepes Simon, 1884: 130, 136 (type species Coptoprepes flavopilosus Simon, 1884); Ram��rez, 2003: 79; Werenkraut & Ram��rez, 2009: 4., Published as part of Barone, Mariana L., Werenkraut, Victoria & Ram��rez, Mart��n J., 2016, New species and phylogenetic relationships of the spider genus Coptoprepes using morphological and sequence data (Araneae: Anyphaenidae), pp. 436-448 in Zootaxa 4175 (5) on page 438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4175.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/272482, {"references":["Werenkraut, V. & Ramirez, M. J. (2009) A revision and phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Coptoprepes Simon (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Amaurobioidinae). Zootaxa, 2212, 1 - 40."]}

Coptoprepes flavopilosus Simon, 1884 Figs 7A���B, E���F Diagnosis. Werenkraut & Ram��rez (2009: 4) Description. Ram��rez (2003: 81) Natural History. This species constructs retreats under logs in very humid localities (Figs 7 A, E, F). New records. ARGENTINA: Tierra del Fuego: Ushuaia: Laguna sobre Ruta Complementaria J, camino a Moat, 71 km E de Ushuaia, 35 m, S54.88383�� W67.21405�� (Fig. 7 E), 05.XII.2012, M.J. Ram��rez, C.J. Grismado, A. Ojanguren & E.M. Soto, 5♀ (MACN-Ar 29569, temporary preparation MLB 04096; MACN-Ar 29545, MACN-Ar 31145); Ruta Complementaria J camino a Moat, paraje Poste Fierro al pie del Cerro No Top, 75 km E de Ushuaia, 1 m, S54.89321�� W67.15962��, 05.XII.2012, M.J. Ram��rez, C.J. Grismado, A. Ojanguren & E.M. Soto, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 29603); Tierra del Fuego Natl. Park, castorera SW de Laguna Negra, 17 km WSW de Ushuaia, 9 m (Fig. 7 F), S54.85033�� W68.59602��, 03���11.XII.2012, M.J. Ram��rez, C.J. Grismado, A. Ojanguren & E.M. Soto, 4♀ [plus 1 imm] (MACN-Ar 29643, temporary preparation MLB 04097; MACN-Ar 29647, MACN-Ar 31146; MACN-Ar 29646, temporary preparation MLB 04094); turbal sobre Ruta Nacional N�� 3, 13 km WSW de Ushuaia, 89 m, S54.83991�� W68.51438��, 09.XII.2012, M.J. Ram��rez, C.J. Grismado, A. Ojanguren & E.M. Soto, 1♀ (MACN-Ar 29808); turbal SW de Laguna Negra, 17 km WSW de Ushuaia, 8 m, S54.84814�� W68.59558��, pitfall trap, 03���11.XII.2012, M.J. Ram��rez, C.J. Grismado, A. Ojanguren & E.M. Soto, 1♀ 2♂ [plus 1 imm] (MACN-Ar 29620, temporary preparation MLB 0 4098 and MLB 04099; MACN-Ar 31147; MACN-Ar 34387 temporary preparation MLB 04090). Genetic barcoding. All the C. flavopilosus sequences are included in a single BIN (Fig. 5). The average distance between the sequences is 0.49%, and the distance from the nearest neighbor, the only record of C. bellavista (CASENT 9028167), is 5.3%., Published as part of Barone, Mariana L., Werenkraut, Victoria & Ram��rez, Mart��n J., 2016, New species and phylogenetic relationships of the spider genus Coptoprepes using morphological and sequence data (Araneae: Anyphaenidae), pp. 436-448 in Zootaxa 4175 (5) on pages 445-446, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4175.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/272482, {"references":["Werenkraut, V. & Ramirez, M. J. (2009) A revision and phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Coptoprepes Simon (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Amaurobioidinae). Zootaxa, 2212, 1 - 40."]}

Coptoprepes bellavista Werenkraut & Ram��rez, 2009 Diagnosis and description. Werenkraut & Ram��rez (2009: 14) New records. CHILE: Regi��n IX (Araucan��a): Caut��n: Villarrica Natl. Park, 8.45 km S Puc��n, 780 m, S39.35000�� W71.97900��, 18.III.2008, H. Wood, 1♀ (CASENT 9028167). Genetic barcoding. The only specimen sequenced for COI (CASENT 9028167) (Table 1) was established by BOLD as the founder of an operational taxonomic unit (BIN) (Fig. 5), and diverge 5.78% from the sequence of the nearest neighbor, a C. flavopilosus female (MACN-Ar 29569)., Published as part of Barone, Mariana L., Werenkraut, Victoria & Ram��rez, Mart��n J., 2016, New species and phylogenetic relationships of the spider genus Coptoprepes using morphological and sequence data (Araneae: Anyphaenidae), pp. 436-448 in Zootaxa 4175 (5) on page 443, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4175.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/272482, {"references":["Werenkraut, V. & Ramirez, M. J. (2009) A revision and phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Coptoprepes Simon (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Amaurobioidinae). Zootaxa, 2212, 1 - 40."]}

Coptoprepes valdiviensis Ram��rez, 2003 Diagnosis. Werenkraut & Ram��rez (2009: 9) Description. Ram��rez (2003: 90) New records. ARGENTINA: Tierra del Fuego: Ushuaia: Tierra del Fuego Natl. Park, turbal SW de Laguna Negra, 17 km WSW de Ushuaia, 8 m, S54.84814�� W68.59558��, pitfall trap, 03���11.XII.2012, M.J. Ram��rez, C.J. Grismado, A. Ojanguren & E.M. Soto, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 29882 temporary preparation MLB 04089). CHILE: Regi��n X (Los Lagos): Llanquihue: Alerce Andino Natl. Park, 25.31 km E Puerto Montt, 120 m, S41.46700�� W72.65000��, 15.III.2008, H. Wood & C. Griswold, 1♀ (CASENT 9027973). Genetic barcoding. We were able to sequence specimens of both sexes (male MACN-Ar 29882, female CASENT 9027973); they have identical sequences, even when they come from distant localities (Fig. 5, Table 1). The divergence from the nearest neighbor, a female of C. flavopilosus (MACN-Ar 29569), is 5.94%. This result supports the matching of the sexes assigned in Ram��rez (2003) for this species., Published as part of Barone, Mariana L., Werenkraut, Victoria & Ram��rez, Mart��n J., 2016, New species and phylogenetic relationships of the spider genus Coptoprepes using morphological and sequence data (Araneae: Anyphaenidae), pp. 436-448 in Zootaxa 4175 (5) on page 446, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4175.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/272482, {"references":["Werenkraut, V. & Ramirez, M. J. (2009) A revision and phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Coptoprepes Simon (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Amaurobioidinae). Zootaxa, 2212, 1 - 40."]}

1. Leaf-cutting ants (LCAs) are considered as one of the most important agents of soil disturbances that affect vegetation patterns, but these assertions are based on isolated studies or anecdotal data. In this study, meta-analysis techniques were used to quantitatively analyse the generality of these effects and determine some of their sources of variation. 2. The results reveal the following: (i) LCA nest sites showed higher levels of soil fertility than control sites, but the key source of these nutrients is the refuse material rather than the nest soil itself; (ii) refuse material from external piles tended to be richer in nutrient content than refuse material from internal refuse chambers; (iii) nest sites from temperate habitats showed higher cation content than those located in tropical/subtropical habitats; and (iv) nest sites showed higher plant growth than adjacent non-nest sites (especially if plants have access to the refuse) but similar plant density and plant richness. 3. As LCAs improve nutrient availability in nest sites through the accumulation of refuse material, the location of the refuse will have a relevant role affecting vegetation. LCA species with external refuse dumps could benefit herbs, early vegetation stages and short-living plants, whereas those with internal refuse chambers could benefit long-living, large trees. However, the positive effect on individual plants does not extend to population and community levels. The foraging preferences of ants and the changes in microclimatic conditions around nests could act as selective ecological filters. 4. As refuse material from external piles and nest sites in temperate habitats tend to show higher fertility than refuse material from internal nest chambers and nest sites in tropical/subtropical habitats, LCA species with external refuse dumps in temperate regions could be of particular relevance for nutrient cycling and vegetation patterns. Fil: Farji Brener, Alejandro Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigación En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Laboratorio de Ecotono; Argentina Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigación En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Laboratorio de Ecotono; Argentina

Los organismos que sobreviven a una erupción volcánica son parte fundamental del legado biológico determinante de la subsecuente sucesión y desarrollo del ecosistema. En enero 2012, en el verano inmediato a la erupción del complejo volcánico Puyehue- Cordón Caulle, evaluamos la respuesta a corto plazo de la abundancia de coleópteros epigeos al depósito de ceniza. Estudiamos tres montañas (La Mona, Bayo, Challhuaco) en el noroeste de la Patagonia (Argentina), afectadas diferencialmente por el depósito de ceniza. Re-establecimos 32 sitios de muestreo con nueve trampas de caída distribuidas en 100 m2, ubicados cada 100 m de altitud desde la base a la cima de cada montaña, y muestreados previamente (enero 2005, 2006). Comparamos la forma pre- y post- eruptiva de la relación abundancia-elevación (AER). Determinamos la importancia relativa de predictores ambientales de AER (energía ambiental, cobertura de la vegetación, riqueza de especies de plantas, y atributos de suelo) pre- y post- erupción. La Mona y Bayo fueron más afectados por el depósito de ceniza; Challhuaco fue menos afectado. Los niveles de abundancia fluctuaron significativamente en Bayo, se mantuvieron constantes en La Mona y aumentaron levemente en Challhuaco. Luego de la erupción, la forma de AER cambió significativamente en Bayo, se apartó débilmente de la tendencia promedio en La Mona, y no cambió en Challhuaco. El porcentaje de gravas y la cobertura del dosel arbóreo fueron los predictores más importantes de AER pre-eruptivo; solamente la cobertura del dosel arbóreo permaneció como importante luego de la erupción. Los efectos a corto plazo del depósito de ceniza sobre la abundancia de coleópteros epigeos fueron sutiles y sugieren que la presencia de un gradiente en el depósito de ceniza puede conducir a patrones asociados en los legados biológicos. Un monitoreo a largo plazo será indispensable para comprender la recuperación estructural y funcional de estos ecosistemas montanos. Organisms that survive a volcanic eruption are part of the biological legacies that are fundamental to subsequent succession and ecosystem development. In January 2012, the summer immediately after the eruption of the Puyehue-Cordón Caulle volcanic complex, we evaluated the short-term response of epigaeic beetle abundance to ash deposition. We focused on three mountains (La Mona, Bayo, Challhuaco) in northwestern Patagonia (Argentina) that were differentially affected by ash deposition. We re-established 32, 100 m2 sampling plots of nine pitfall traps, every 100 m of altitude from the base to the summit of each peak, which we had previously sampled in January 2005 and 2006. We compared the shape of pre- and post- eruptive abundance-elevation relationship (AER), and assessed whether the relative importance of environmental predictors of AER (ambient energy, vegetation cover, plant species richness and soil attributes) changed after the eruption. La Mona and Bayo were most affected by ash deposition; Challhuaco was considerable less affected. Yearly fluctuations in abundance levels were significant in Bayo; here, the shape of AER changed significantly after the eruption. In La Mona, abundance was similar among sampled years, and the shape of AER departed weakly from the overall trend after the eruption. In Challhuaco, abundance tended to increase weakly with time, and the shape of AER did not change after the eruption. Gravel percentage and tree canopy cover were the two most important predictors of pre-eruptive AER, but only tree canopy cover remained as important after the eruption. We conclude that short-term effects of ash deposition on epigaeic mountain beetles were subtle and suggest that the presence of a gradient of ash deposition may lead to associated patterns in biological legacies. Long-term monitoring is essential to fully understand the structural and functional recovery of these mountain ecosystems.

Fil: Benclowicz, José D. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro; Argentina. Fil: Benclowicz, José D. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Benclowicz, José D. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte; Argentina Fil: Benclowicz, José D. Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio; Argentina Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte; Argentina Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Instituto de Investigación En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Argentina No pude identificar el lugar de desarrollo This paper presents a qualitative and quantitative perspective for the analysis of the representations of social struggles in the media, based on the contributions of Critical Discourse Analysis. At the same time, on the basis of the proposed methodology, we present the results of the analysis of a specific case: the roadblock – popular revolt of the communities of Tartagal and Mosconi in the province of Salta, Argentina, carried out in May 2000. We consider first the context of the media speeches, and thereafter we address a comprehensive review of articles relating to the subject, published in major national and provincial newspapers. Thus, we obtain an approximation to the representations of the protesters and their actions taken by each newspaper, which includes consideration of the trends and developments in the conflict. En este trabajo se plantea una perspectiva cualitativa y cuantitativa específica para el análisis de las representaciones de las luchas sociales en los medios masivos partiendo de los aportes del Análisis Crítico del Discurso. Al mismo tiempo, sobre la base de la metodología planteada, presento los resultados del análisis de un caso específico: las representaciones sobre el corte de ruta-pueblada de Tartagal y Mosconi (provincia de Salta) en mayo de 2000. Se atiende en primer lugar al contexto en que se despliegan los discursos que serán objeto de análisis específico, y a partir de ahí se aborda un examen exhaustivo de los artículos informativos referidos al tema, publicados en los principales diarios a nivel nacional y provincial. De este modo, se obtiene una aproximación a las representaciones sobre los manifestantes y sus acciones desplegadas por cada periódico, que incluye el examen de las tendencias predominantes y su evolución durante el conflicto.

1. Altitudinal gradients offer a unique scenario to elucidate how the increase in harsh climatic conditions towards the top of the mountain interacts with other environmental factors at regional and local scale to influence the spatial variation in local species composition and biodiversity maintenance. We analysed the altitudinal variation in the taxonomic composition of epigaeic beetle assemblages across five mountains in north-western Patagonia (Argentina) to address whether substantial change in species composition was associated (i) at regional spatial scale, with changes in vegetation types, and the presence of dry and moist mountains, and (ii) at local spatial scale, with variation in temperature, plant cover and richness and several soil characteristics. 2. We collected beetles using 486 pitfall traps arranged in fifty-four 100-m2 grid plots of nine traps settled at about 100 m of altitude apart from each other, from the base to the summit of each mountain. We used multivariate analyses to identify beetle assemblages and to evaluate their association with environment. 3. We identified different beetle assemblages, associated more with vegetation types rather than with mountains; indicator species showed higher degree of fidelity and specificity to vegetation types rather than to mountains. Local variation in temperature, plant cover and richness, and soil characteristics influence the variation in species composition. 4. Our study suggests the existence of a regional beetle fauna that is shared across these mountains. Major regional changes in vegetation types and local variation in environment drive the variation in the species composition of beetle assemblages at these latitudes. Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigación En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina Fil: Ruggiero, Adriana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigación En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; Argentina

Se estudió la influencia de factores metodológicos y biológicos sobre los patrones altitudinales en la diversidad de artrópodos, con énfasis en coleópteros y hormigas. A escala global, un meta-análisis de 109 gradientes publicados mostró que el patrón altitudinal en la riqueza de especies de artrópodos tiene múltiples formas, aunque la percepción del patrón puede estar influida por el método empleado para identificar la forma y la calidad de los datos. A escala local, un estudio de campo realizado en cinco montañas, en el noroeste de la Patagonia argentina, mostró cambios altitudinales en la composición de ensambles de especies de coleópteros y hormigas asociados a distintas variables ambientales y una subdivisión fina de los ambientes. Los patrones altitudinales en la riqueza de especies y abundancia de individuos difirieron sustancialmente entre coleópteros y hormigas. Se confirmó la alta diversidad de coleópteros, y la baja diversidad de hormigas. Ambos taxa mostraron la dominancia de pocas especies muy abundantes y muchas especies raras. Distintos factores ambientales explicaron variaciones locales en la diversidad en distintos ambientes del gradiente altitudinal, y afectaron de manera diferencial a coleópteros y hormigas. This study analysed the influence of methodological and biological factors on the altitudinal diversity patterns in arthropods, with emphasis in beetles and ants. At global scale, a meta-analysis of 109 published gradients showed that the altitudinal pattern in arthropod richness has multiple forms, although the perception of the pattern can be influenced by the method used to identify the form and the quality of basic data. At local scale, a field-study developed in five mountains, in north-western Patagonia, Argentina, showed altitudinal changes in the composition of beetle’s and ant’s species assemblages, associated with different environmental variables, and a fine subdivision of environments. The altitudinal patterns in the species richness and abundance of individuals differed substantially between beetles and ants. The high diversity of beetles and the low diversity of ants were confirmed. Both taxa showed the dominance of a few, very abundant species, and a lot of rare species. Different environmental factors accounted for local variations in diversity in different environments along the altitudinal gradient, and differentially affected beetles and ants. Fil: Werenkraut, Victoria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.