145 results on '"Wenyu Fu"'
Search Results
2. Progranulin deficiency associates with postmenopausal osteoporosis via increasing ubiquitination of estrogen receptor α
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Guangfei Li, Aifei Wang, Wei Tang, Wenyu Fu, Qingyun Tian, Jinlong Jian, Michal Lata, Aubryanna Hettinghouse, Yuanjing Ding, Jianlu Wei, Xiangli Zhao, Mingyong Wang, Qirong Dong, Chuanju Liu, and Youjia Xu
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Estrogen receptor α ,Osteoclastogenesis ,Postmenopausal osteoporosis ,Progranulin ,Ubiquitination ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Estrogen deficiency is considered the most important cause of postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, the underlying mechanism is still not completely understood. In this study, progranulin (PGRN) was isolated as a key regulator of bone mineral density in postmenopausal women through high throughput proteomics screening. In addition, PGRN-deficient mice exhibited significantly lower bone mass than their littermates in an ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis model. Furthermore, estrogen-mediated inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption as well as its protection against ovariectomy-induced bone loss largely depended on PGRN. Mechanistic studies revealed the existence of a positive feedback regulatory loop between PGRN and estrogen signaling. In addition, loss of PGRN led to the reduction of estrogen receptor α, the important estrogen receptor involved in estrogen regulation of osteoporosis, through enhancing its degradation via K48-linked ubiquitination. These findings not only provide a previously unrecognized interplay between PGRN and estrogen signaling in regulating osteoclastogenesis and osteoporosis but may also present a new therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis by targeting PGRN/estrogen receptor α.
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- 2025
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3. Tau deficiency inhibits classically activated macrophage polarization and protects against collagen-induced arthritis in mice
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Meng Chen, Wenyu Fu, Huiyun Xu, and Chuan-ju Liu
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Tau ,Collagen-induced arthritis ,Macrophage polarization ,Inflammation ,Autoimmune diseases ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Abstract Background Tau protein serves a pro-inflammatory function in neuroinflammation. However, the role of tau in other inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is less explored. This study is to investigate the role of endogenous tau and the potential mechanisms in the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis. Methods We established collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model in wild-type and Tau-/- mice to compare the clinical score and arthritis incidence. Micro-CT analysis was used to evaluate bone erosion of ankle joints. Histological analysis was performed to assess inflammatory cell infiltration, cartilage damage, and osteoclast activity in the ankle joints. Serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA. The expression levels of macrophage markers were determined by immunohistochemistry staining and quantitative real-time PCR. Results Tau expression was upregulated in joints under inflammatory condition. Tau deletion in mice exhibited milder inflammation and protected against the progression of CIA, evidenced by reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and attenuated bone loss, inflammatory cell infiltration, cartilage damage, and osteoclast activity in the ankle joints. Furthermore, tau deficiency led to the inhibition of classically activated type 1 (M1) macrophage polarization in the synovium. Conclusion Tau is a previously unrecognized critical regulator in the pathogenesis of RA and may provide a potential therapeutic target for autoimmune and inflammatory joint diseases.
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- 2023
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4. Vector Partially Coherent Beams With Twisted Sinc-Correlation Structure and Their Statistical Properties
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Xianyan Yang and Wenyu Fu
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Coherence ,vector partially coherent beams ,sinc-correlated structure ,statistics properties ,turbulent atmosphere ,Applied optics. Photonics ,TA1501-1820 ,Optics. Light ,QC350-467 - Abstract
We define a new kind of radially polarized twisted sinc-correlation Schell-model (RPTSCSM) source and establish the source parameter conditions necessary to produce a physical beam. With the help of the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral, Several typical numerical examples are provided to study the influence of the source parameter and turbulent parameter on the statistical properties of such beams on propagation. It is shown that the intensity profiles of such beams always exhibit rotation and self-splitting on propagation, which is caused by the twisted phase of the beams. Moreover, the light intensity splits into an array and maintains its array distribution in free space. While the array gradually evolves to a hollow distribution with a dark core in a turbulence medium, indicating that the light beam may automatically restore the radial polarized light intensity distribution in atmospheric turbulence after a certain distance of propagation. Compared with the intensity, the impact of the twisted factor on the degree of polarization is to produce noticeable distortion around its distribution centre. When propagating in a turbulent atmosphere, the degree of polarization of such beams exhibits well-turbulent resistance. The degree of coherence would also experience self-splitting and rotation caused by the twisted factor, and a turbulent atmosphere has an important influence on the degree of coherence. Our results will benefit multi-particle manipulation and free-space optical communication.
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- 2023
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5. The relationship between inflammatory response markers and the prognosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and the development of a nomogram model
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Xinping Yi, Jiangchuan Pi, Chuan Liu, Yongjiang Xiong, Jiaji Liu, Wenyu Fu, Lanxi Wang, and Tao Zhao
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inflammatory factors ,prognostic risk factors ,tumor recurrence ,Kaplan-Meier survival ,intravesical instillation ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
PurposePatients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) have a high possibility of recurrence after surgery. We aimed to assess the factors associated with tumor recurrence and to construct a nomogram model that can contribute to personalized treatment plans of each patient.Methods496 patients with primary bladder cancer (BC) from 2 centers were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and traditional clinical parameters were collected, then using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis to find out the independent risk factors associated with tumor recurrence among them, and then these independent factors were incorporated into the nomogram model. The internal calibration curves and the external calibration curves were used to verify their usefulness.ResultsIn the training cohort, 150 patients (43.1%) experienced recurrence. After Cox regression analysis, the independent risk factors affecting recurrence-free survival (RFS) were tumor grade, immediate postoperative instillation therapy (IPPIT), NLR, and SII. These factors were used to construct a model to predict RFS 1, 2, 3, and 5 years of NMIBC patients after surgery. And then, we found that the constructed model outperforms the conventional model in terms of accuracy and predictability, the results were verified by statistical tests.ConclusionPreoperative inflammatory response markers have a predictive value for postoperative recurrence in patients with NMIBC. The constructed nomogram model can be helpful in guiding personalized clinical evaluation and subsequent treatment.
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- 2023
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6. Unraveling the mechanisms behind joint damage
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Wenyu Fu and Chuan-ju Liu
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toll-like receptor 2 ,sialylation ,osteoclast ,fusion ,rheumatoid arthritis ,Medicine ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
A subtype of myeloid monocyte mediates the transition from autoimmunity to joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis.
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- 2023
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7. A Nomogram Model to Predict Recurrence of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma After Resection Based on Clinical Parameters and Immunohistochemical Markers
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Jiangchuan Pi, Yongjiang Xiong, Chuan Liu, Juan Liao, Jiaji Liu, Chuan Li, Wenyu Fu, and Tao Zhao
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non-muscle invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma ,traditional clinical parameters ,immunohistochemical markers ,nomogram model ,recurrence ,prognosis ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Objective This study aims to establish a nomogram model by combining traditional clinical parameters with immunohistochemical markers to predict the recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma (NMIBUC) after resection. Methods In total, 504 patients were included in this study. Of these patients, 353 underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) in the Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and were identified as a training cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors associated with recurrence in the training cohort and to establish a nomogram model. A total of 151 patients who were hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (validation cohort) were used for further validation. The calibration curve was generated for internal and external model validation. The clinical practicability of this model was further verified by comparing the consistency index (C-index) among various models. Results The mean follow-up time of the training cohort was 45.6 months (range 4–90). In total, 146 patients relapsed in training cohort. After univariate analysis, multivariate analysis further confirmed tumor grade (p=.034), immediate postoperative instillation therapy (p=.025), Ki67 (p=.047), P53 (p=.038) and CK20 (p=.049) as independent risk factors for recurrence, and these factors were included in the nomogram model. The model more accurately predicted recurrence compared with other models based on the highest C-index of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.78–0.86) in the training cohort and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.77–0.83) in the validation cohort. Conclusions This proposed nomogram model based on traditional clinical parameters and immunohistochemical markers can more accurately predict postoperative recurrence in patients with NMIBUC.
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- 2022
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8. Roles and Mechanisms of Irisin in Attenuating Pathological Features of Osteoarthritis
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Xiangfen Li, Xiaofang Zhu, Hongle Wu, Thomas E. Van Dyke, Xiaoyang Xu, Elise F. Morgan, Wenyu Fu, Chuanju Liu, Qisheng Tu, Dingming Huang, and Jake Chen
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irisin ,osteoarthritis ,cartilage ,gene knockout ,transgenics ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
To investigate the effects and mechanisms of irisin, a newly discovered myokine, in cartilage development, osteoarthritis (OA) pathophysiology and its therapeutic potential for treating OA we applied the following five strategical analyses using (1) murine joint tissues at different developmental stages; (2) human normal and OA pathological tissue samples; (3) experimental OA mouse model; (4) irisin gene knockout (KO) and knock in (KI) mouse lines and their cartilage cells; (5) in vitro mechanistic experiments. We found that Irisin was involved in all stages of cartilage development. Both human and mouse OA tissues showed a decreased expression of irisin. Intra-articular injection of irisin attenuated ACLT-induced OA progression. Irisin knockout mice developed severe OA while irisin overexpression in both irisin KI mice and intraarticular injection of irisin protein attenuated OA progression. Irisin inhibited inflammation and promoted anabolism in chondrogenic ADTC5 cells. Proliferative potential of primary chondrocytes from KI mice was found to be enhanced, while KO mice showed an inhibition under normal or inflammatory conditions. The primary chondrocytes from irisin KI mice showed reduced expression of inflammatory factors and the chondrocytes isolated from KO mice showed an opposite pattern. In conclusion, it is the first time to show that irisin is involved in cartilage development and OA pathogenesis. Irisin has the potential to ameliorate OA progression by decreasing cartilage degradation and inhibiting inflammation, which could lead to the development of a novel therapeutic target for treating bone and cartilage disorders including osteoarthritis.
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- 2021
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9. p204 Is Required for Canonical Lipopolysaccharide-induced TLR4 Signaling in Mice
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Young-Su Yi, Jinlong Jian, Elena Gonzalez-Gugel, Yong-Xiang Shi, Qingyun Tian, Wenyu Fu, Aubryanna Hettinghouse, Wenhao Song, Ronghan Liu, Michun He, Huabing Qi, Jing Yang, Xiaolan Du, GuoZhi Xiao, Lin Chen, and Chuan-ju Liu
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Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
p204, a murine member of an interferon-inducible p200 family, was reported to recognize intracellular viral and bacterial DNAs, however, its role in the innate immunity in vivo remains unknown due to the lack of p204-deficient animal models. In this study we first generated the p204−/− mice. Unexpectedly, p204 deficiency led to significant defect in extracellular LPS signaling in macrophages, as demonstrated by dramatic reductions of LPS-mediated IFN-β and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The serum levels of IFN-β and pro-inflammatory cytokines were also significantly reduced in p204−/− mice following LPS challenge. In addition, p204−/− mice were resistant to LPS-induced shock. LPS-activated NF-ĸB and IRF-3 pathways were all defective in p204-deficient macrophages. p204 binds to TLR4 through its Pyrin domain, and it is required for the dimerization of TLR4 following LPS-challenge. Collectively, p204 is a critical component of canonical LPS-TLR4 signaling pathway, and these studies also suggest that p204 could be a potential target to prevent and treat inflammatory and infectious diseases. Keywords: p204, LPS, TLR4, IFN-β, Inflammatory responses, Macrophages
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- 2018
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10. Chitinase-3-like Protein 1: A Progranulin Downstream Molecule and Potential Biomarker for Gaucher Disease
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Jinlong Jian, Yuehong Chen, Rossella Liberti, Wenyu Fu, Wenhuo Hu, Rachel Saunders-Pullman, Gregory M. Pastores, Ying Chen, Ying Sun, Gregory A. Grabowski, and Chuan-ju Liu
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Progranulin ,Gaucher disease ,Chitinase-3-like-1 ,Lysosomal storage diseases ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
We recently reported that progranulin (PGRN) is a novel regulator of glucocerebrosidase and its deficiency associates with Gaucher Diseases (GD) (Jian et al., 2016a; Jian et al., 2018). To isolate the relevant downstream molecules, we performed a whole genome microarray and mass spectrometry analysis, which led to the isolation of Chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1) as one of the up-regulated genes in PGRN null mice. Elevated levels of CHI3L1 were confirmed by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. In contrast, treatment with recombinant Pcgin, a derivative of PGRN, as well as imigluerase, significantly reduced the expressions of CHI3L1 in both PGRN null GD model and the fibroblasts from GD patients. Serum levels of CHIT1, a clinical biomarker for GD, were significantly higher in GD patients than healthy controls (51.16 ± 2.824 ng/ml vs 35.07 ± 2.099 ng/ml, p
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- 2018
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11. Progranulin derivative Atsttrin protects against early osteoarthritis in mouse and rat models
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Jian-lu Wei, Wenyu Fu, Yuan-jing Ding, Aubryanna Hettinghouse, Matin Lendhey, Ran Schwarzkopf, Oran D. Kennedy, and Chuan-ju Liu
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Atsttrin ,Progranulin ,TNFα ,TNFR2 ,TNFR1 ,Osteoarthritis ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Abstract Background Atsttrin, an engineered protein composed of three tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-binding fragments of progranulin (PGRN), shows therapeutic effect in multiple murine models of inflammatory arthritis . Additionally, intra-articular delivery of PGRN protects against osteoarthritis (OA) progression. The purpose of this study is to determine whether Atsttrin also has therapeutic effects in OA and the molecular mechanisms involved. Methods Surgically induced and noninvasive rupture OA models were established in mouse and rat, respectively. Cartilage degradation and OA were evaluated using Safranin O staining, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. Additionally, expressions of pain-related markers, degenerative factors, and anabolic and catabolic markers known to be involved in OA were analyzed. Furthermore, the anabolic and anti-catabolic effects and underlying mechanisms of Atsttrin were determined using in-vitro assays with primary chondrocytes. Results Herein, we found Atsttrin effectively prevented the accelerated OA phenotype associated with PGRN deficiency. Additionally, Atsttrin exhibited a preventative effect in OA by protecting articular cartilage and reducing OA-associated pain in both nonsurgically induced rat and surgically induced murine OA models. Mechanistic studies revealed that Atsttrin stimulated TNFR2-Akt-Erk1/2-dependent chondrocyte anabolism, while inhibiting TNFα/TNFR1-mediated inflammatory catabolism. Conclusions These findings not only provide new insights into the role of PGRN and its derived engineered protein Atsttrin in cartilage homeostasis as well as OA in vivo, but may also lead to new therapeutic alternatives for OA as well as other relative degenerative joint diseases.
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- 2017
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12. Interaction between Flow Diverter and Parent Artery of Intracranial Aneurysm: A Computational Study
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Wenyu Fu and Qixiao Xia
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Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
To evaluate the influence of deployment strategy on the mechanical interaction between braided stent and parent artery of intracranial aneurysm (the elasticity of the arterial wall is considered), finite-element analyses are carried out by referring to computational models of flow-diverter device and arterial wall. Two implantation strategies are used to virtually implant the braided stent into the ideal intracranial aneurysm model. One is the noncompacted implantation method, and the other is the implantation method of using push-pull technique. During the process of the implantation, the changes of the arterial shape around the aneurysm and the changes of the wall pressure at the contact area between the braided stent and the inner wall of the artery are analyzed. The results indicate that the average contact pressure in the area of low porosity is 57 mmHg using the push-pull technique, and the average contact pressure of the parent artery is 10.45 mmHg using the non-push-pull technique. The diameter of the parent artery at the aneurismal orifice increased about 0.2 mm when using the push-pull technique, so the elasticity of the vessel should be considered in the mechanical analysis of interaction between stent and vessel.
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- 2017
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13. Parallel Computing Based Dynamic Programming Algorithm of Track-before-Detect
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Qiang Guo, Zhenwu Li, Wenming Song, and Wenyu Fu
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parallel computing ,track-before-detect ,dynamic programming ,weak target ,computational complexity ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
The conventional dynamic programming-based track-before-detect (DP-TBD) methods are usually intractable in multi-target scenarios. The adjacent targets may interfere with each other, and the computational complexity is increased with the number of targets. In this paper, a DP-TBD method using parallel computing (PC-DP-TBD) is proposed to solve the above problems. The search region of the proposed PC-DP-TBD is divided into several parts according to the possible target movement direction. The energy integration is carried out independently and parallel in each part. This contributes to reducing the computational complexity in each part, since the divided search region is smaller than the whole one. In addition, the target energy can only be integrated adequately in the part in which the search direction matches the target movement. This is beneficial to improve the ability to detect the targets with various movement directions in different parts with different search directions. The solution to the problem of the adjacent targets interfering with each other is discussed. The procedure of the parallel computing in the proposed PC-DP-TBD is presented in detail. Simulations are conducted to verify the superiority of the proposed PC-DP-TBD in terms of detection probability and computational complexity.
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- 2018
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14. Pathogenic mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis
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Meng Chen, Wenyu Fu, Huiyun Xu, and Chuan-ju Liu
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Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Immunology ,Immunology and Allergy ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - Published
- 2023
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15. Prediction of Fracture Initiation Pressure for Slotting-Directional Hydraulic Fracturing Based on the Anisotropy of Coal
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Jingwei, Zheng, primary, Zhaolong, Ge, additional, Yiyu, Lu, additional, Zhe, Zhou, additional, Jing, Zhou, additional, and Wenyu, Fu, additional
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- 2023
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16. Research on the Financial Support Performance Evaluation of Big Data Industry Development
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Wenyu Fu, Jingfeng Zhao, Changming Wang, and Xiaobin Zhou
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Article Subject ,General Mathematics ,General Engineering - Abstract
In order to solve the problem that the traditional information systems have such as slow running responses and cannot meet the expected requirements of users, a performance evaluation method of financial support for the development of the big data industry is proposed. According to the characteristics of financial support, this paper uses the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation principle to establish a specific evaluation index system for the performance evaluation of financial support in the big data industry and select a suitable index group. In order to reflect the financial support performance, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to calculate the weight of various performance evaluation indicators, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to combine qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis to evaluate and calculate the big data industry scientifically, objectively, fairly, and accurately. In financial support performance, experiments show that the proposed method not only has a fast response time but also can ensure that the actual results after the system runs are in line with the expectations of the system users.
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- 2022
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17. Twisted electromagnetic sinc Schell-model beam and its transmission in a turbulent atmosphere.
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CHANGYOU ZHANG and WENYU FU
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RADIANT intensity , *ATMOSPHERIC turbulence , *OPTICAL communications , *WAREHOUSES , *ATMOSPHERE , *INTEGRALS - Abstract
We present the twisted electromagnetic sinc-correlation Schell-model (EM TSSM) beam as an extension of the cylindrical sinc Schell-model beam and analyze the necessary source parameter conditions to generate a physically viable beam. Furthermore, we thoroughly investigate the propagation properties of the EM TSSM beam in atmospheric turbulence using the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral, explicitly focusing on spectral intensity, degree of polarization (DOP), and degree of coherence (DOC). It shows that the twisted phase has a noticeable impact on the intensity profiles of these beams, causing them to exhibit rotation and self-splitting while still maintaining their shape in free space. Moreover, during propagation through a turbulent atmosphere, it exhibits self-combining properties over a long range and recovers the plat-topped distribution. Compared with the sinc Schell-model beam without the twisted phase, the DOP distribution of such a beam can rotate around its distribution center. As these beams propagate through turbulent atmospheres, they can self-heal their DOP distribution within specific ranges affected by atmospheric turbulence. A twist factor causes non-unidirectional rotation of the DOC distribution in free space. The DOC gradually transforms from multi-strip profiles into a Gaussian-like distribution. Furthermore, the beam parameters play a crucial role in shaping the DOC. The results will be useful in optical trapping and optical communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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18. A Nomogram Model to Predict Recurrence of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma After Resection Based on Clinical Parameters and Immunohistochemical Markers
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Jiangchuan, Pi, Yongjiang, Xiong, Chuan, Liu, Juan, Liao, Jiaji, Liu, Chuan, Li, Wenyu, Fu, and Tao, Zhao
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Male ,Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ,Nomograms ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Urinary Bladder ,Humans ,Female ,Surgery ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
This study aims to establish a nomogram model by combining traditional clinical parameters with immunohistochemical markers to predict the recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma (NMIBUC) after resection.In total, 504 patients were included in this study. Of these patients, 353 underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) in the Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and were identified as a training cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors associated with recurrence in the training cohort and to establish a nomogram model. A total of 151 patients who were hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (validation cohort) were used for further validation. The calibration curve was generated for internal and external model validation. The clinical practicability of this model was further verified by comparing the consistency index (C-index) among various models.The mean follow-up time of the training cohort was 45.6 months (range 4-90). In total, 146 patients relapsed in training cohort. After univariate analysis, multivariate analysis further confirmed tumor grade (This proposed nomogram model based on traditional clinical parameters and immunohistochemical markers can more accurately predict postoperative recurrence in patients with NMIBUC.
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- 2021
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19. PGRN deficiency exacerbates, whereas a brain penetrant PGRN derivative protects, GBA1 mutation-associated pathologies and diseases
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Xiangli Zhao, Yi Lin, Benjamin Liou, Wenyu Fu, Jinlong Jian, Venette Fannin, Wujuan Zhang, Kenneth D. R. Setchell, Gregory A. Grabowski, Ying Sun, and Chuan-ju Liu
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Multidisciplinary - Abstract
Mutations in GBA1 , encoding glucocerebrosidase (GCase), cause Gaucher disease (GD) and are also genetic risks in developing Parkinson’s disease (PD). Currently, the approved therapies are only effective for directly treating visceral symptoms, but not for primary neuronopathic involvement in GD (nGD). Progranulin (PGRN), encoded by GRN , is a novel modifier of GCase, but the impact of PGRN in GBA1 mutation-associated pathologies in vivo remains unknown. Herein, Grn −/− mice crossed into Gba 9v/9v mice, a Gba1 mutant line homozygous for the Gba1 D409V mutation, generating Grn −/− Gba 9v/9v (PG9V) mice. PG9V mice exhibited neurobehavioral deficits, early onset, and more severe GD phenotypes compared to Grn −/− and Gba 9v/9v mice. Moreover, PG9V mice also displayed PD-like phenotype. Mechanistic analysis revealed that PGRN deficiency caused severe neuroinflammation with microgliosis and astrogliosis, along with impaired autophagy associated with the Gba1 mutation. A PGRN-derived peptide, termed ND7, ameliorated the disease phenotype in GD patient fibroblasts ex vivo . Unexpectedly, ND7 penetrated the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and effectively ameliorated the nGD manifestations and PD pathology in Gba 9v/null and PG9V mice. Collectively, this study not only provides the first line of in vivo but also ex vivo evidence demonstrating the crucial role of PGRN in GBA1/Gba1 mutation-related pathologies, as well as a clinically relevant mouse model for mechanistic and potential therapeutics studies for nGD and PD. Importantly, a BBB penetrant PGRN-derived biologic was developed that may provide treatment for rare lysosomal storage diseases and common neurodegenerative disorders, particularly nGD and PD.
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- 2022
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20. Multiscale Study on Hemodynamics in Patient-Specific Thoracic Aortic Coarctation.
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Xi Zhao, Youjun Liu, Jinlin Ding, Mingzi Zhang, Wenyu Fu, Fan Bai, Xiaochen Ren, and Aike Qiao
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- 2013
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21. Study on Hemodynamics in Patient-Specific Thoracic Aortic Coarctation Model.
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Wenyu Fu and Aike Qiao
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- 2012
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22. Analysis of Fluid Structure Interaction based on patient-specific internal carotid aneurysm model.
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Wenyu Fu and Aike Qiao
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- 2011
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23. The comparison between contrast-enhanced ultrasound and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosing bladder urothelial carcinoma
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Wenyu Fu, Dan Liu, Yongjiang Xiong, Chuan Liu, Jiaji Liu, Xinping Yi, and Tao Zhao
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Nephrology ,Urology - Abstract
The surgical treatment of bladder urothelial carcinoma depends on whether the tumor has invaded the bladder muscular layer. Normal ultrasound and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (contrast-enhanced MRI) are widely used in patients bear bladder tumors; the latter is also widely used in estimating the muscularis invasion of bladder cancer (BC). However, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is rarely used in this aspect. As the gold standard in diagnosing muscularis invasion remains being pathological examination, this study was set to find out whether there are differences between CEUS and contrast-enhanced MRI in diagnosing bladder malignant tumors and in diagnosing the muscularis invasion of the bladder urothelial carcinoma under the guide of the pathological results.160 patients from Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were recruited from July 1st, 2021, to June 30th, 2022. Patients are arranged to undergo CEUS, contrast-enhanced MRI and then take a surgery. After surgery, we compare the results of CEUS, MRI and the pathological results, using software to run the statistical examinations.The accuracies of CEUS and contrast-enhanced MRI in diagnosing malignant bladder tumors were 85.90 and 84.62%, and they had no differences (P 0.05). While the accuracies of CEUS and contrast-enhanced MRI in diagnosing the muscularis invasion were 84.62 and 76.92%, in which CEUS had a better sensitivity (P 0.05).We found that CEUS and contrast-enhanced MRI had no differences in diagnosing the different pathological types (benign or malignant) of BC, but CEUS holds a better sensitivity in diagnosing muscularis invasions of bladder urothelial carcinoma than the contrast-enhanced MRI.
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- 2022
24. Boundary Identification and Triangulation of STL Model.
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Wenyu Fu, Aike Qiao, and Pengbin Fu
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- 2008
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25. Progranulin associates with Rab2 and is involved in autophagosome-lysosome fusion in Gaucher disease
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Ying Sun, Wenyu Fu, Aubryanna Hettinghouse, Jinlong Jian, Rossella Liberti, Xiangli Zhao, and Chuan-ju Liu
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Mice, Knockout ,Gaucher Disease ,Ovalbumin ,Chemistry ,Autophagy ,Autophagosomes ,Regulator ,Context (language use) ,Disease ,Allergens ,Molecular medicine ,Article ,Cell biology ,rab2 GTP-Binding Protein ,Progranulins ,Animal model ,Mediator ,Drug Discovery ,Autophagosome lysosome fusion ,Animals ,Humans ,Molecular Medicine ,Lysosomes ,Cells, Cultured ,Genetics (clinical) - Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN) is a key regulator of lysosomes, and its deficiency has been linked to various lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), including Gaucher disease (GD), one of the most common LSD. Here, we report that PGRN plays a previously unrecognized role in autophagy within the context of GD. PGRN deficiency is associated with the accumulation of LC3-II and p62 in autophagosomes of GD animal model and patient fibroblasts, resulting from the impaired fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. PGRN physically interacted with Rab2, a critical molecule in autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Additionally, a fragment of PGRN containing the Grn E domain was required and sufficient for binding to Rab2. Furthermore, this fragment significantly ameliorated PGRN deficiency-associated impairment of autophagosome-lysosome fusion and autophagic flux. These findings not only demonstrate that PGRN is a crucial mediator of autophagosome-lysosome fusion but also provide new evidence indicating PGRN's candidacy as a molecular target for modulating autophagy in GD and other LSDs in general. KEY MESSAGES : PGRN acts as a crucial factor involved in autophagosome-lysosome fusion in GD. PGRN physically interacts with Rab2, a molecule in autophagosome-lysosome fusion. A 15-kDa C-terminal fragment of PGRN is required and sufficient for binding to Rab2. This PGRN derivative ameliorates PGRN deficiency-associated impairment of autophagy. This study provides new insights into autophagy and may develop novel therapy for GD.
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- 2021
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26. Self‐healing and chemical resistance polyurethane elastomers based on 2‐ureido‐4[ <scp>1</scp> H ]pyrimidinone
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Wenyu Fu, Huifeng Mei, Zhijia Zhang, Qiang Wang, Rui Li, Songsong Zhang, Guojun Wang, Hao Wei, Chenyuan Zhang, Cunguo Lin, and Lei Wang
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Polymers and Plastics ,Materials Chemistry ,General Chemistry ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films - Published
- 2022
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27. Kaemperfol Protects Dopaminergic Neurons by Promoting mTOR-Mediated Autophagy in Parkinson's Disease Models
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Zhan Liu, Wenxin Zhuang, Meiyun Cai, E. Lv, Yanqiang Wang, Zhengyan Wu, Hongyu Wang, and Wenyu Fu
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Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry - Abstract
We previously showed that kaempferol (KAE) could exert neuroprotective effects against PD. It has been demonstrated that abnormal autophagy plays a key role in the development of PD. Mitochondrial dysfunction, involved in the development of PD, can damage dopaminergic neurons. Whether the protective effects of KAE were exerted via regulating autophagy remains largely undefined, however. This study aimed to investigate whether KAE could protect dopaminergic neurons via autophagy and the underlying mechanisms using a MPTP/MPP
- Published
- 2022
28. Propagation of radially polarized beams with a Hermite non-uniformly correlated array in free space and turbulent atmosphere
- Author
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Xianyan Yang and Wenyu Fu
- Subjects
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics - Abstract
We introduce what we believe to be a novel class of radially polarized partially coherent beams in which the correlation function possesses a Hermite non-uniformly correlated array. The source parameter conditions required to generate a physical beam are derived. The statistical properties of such beam propagating in free space and turbulent atmosphere are thoroughly examined using the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle. It is shown that the intensity profile of such beams presents a controllable periodic grid distribution due to its multi-self-focusing propagation property and can keep the shape in free space while propagating in turbulent atmosphere, it exhibits self-combining properties over a long-ranges. Owing to the interaction between the non-uniform correlation structure and the non-uniform polarization, this beam can locally self-recover the polarization state after propagating a long distance in a turbulent atmosphere. Furthermore, the source parameters play essential roles in determining the distribution of spectral intensity, the state of polarization, and the degree of polarization of the RPHNUCA beam. Our results may benefit multi-particle manipulation and free-space optical communication applications.
- Published
- 2023
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29. Propagation properties of radially polarized Gaussian Schell-model array beams
- Author
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xiangyang yang and wenyu fu
- Abstract
We introduce a new class of vector array beams named radially polarized Gaussian Schell-model array (RPGSMA) beams for producing far fields with controllable optical lattice average intensity patterns, and derive the realizability conditions for a RPGSMA source and the beam condition for radiation produced by this source based on the unified theory of coherence and polarization, Moreover, the statistical properties of such beam propagating in free space are investigated in detail. It is found that, the statistical properties of the RPGSMA beams on propagation are closely related to source parameters of the beam. with an appropriate choice of the source parameters, the average intensity will produce far fields with controllable optical lattice average intensity patterns, and the degree of coherence (DOC) from the lattice distribution on the original plane evolves into a Gaussian profile in the far field, Furthermore, the degree of polarization (DOP) appears a periodical grid-like distribution on propagation. These results may be useful in optical trapping and free-space optical communications.
- Published
- 2022
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30. Propagation properties of partially coherent array beams with a non-uniform polarization.
- Author
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XIANYANG YANG and WENYU FU
- Subjects
- *
OPTICAL lattices , *COHERENCE (Optics) , *PERIODICAL circulation , *FREE-space optical technology - Abstract
We study a new class of partially coherent array beams with a non-uniform polarization, named radially polarized Gaussian Schell-model array (RPGSMA) beams and analyze the reliability conditions for the array beams based on the unified theory of coherence and polarization, Moreover, the statistical properties of such beam propagating in free space are investigated in detail. It is found that, the propagation properties of the RPGSMA beams are closely related to initial beam parameters. With an appropriate choice of the beam parameters, the average intensity will evolve into optical lattice patterns, and the degree of coherence (DOC) from the lattice distribution on the original plane evolves into a Gaussian profile in the far field, and the degree of polarization (DOP) appears a periodical grid-like distribution on propagation. These results may be beneficial to particle trapping and free-space optical communications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Properties of the Rotation and Mergence of Twisted Gaussian Schell Model Array Beams Propagating in Turbulent Biological Tissues
- Author
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Xianyang, Yang, primary and Wenyu, Fu, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Properties of an electromagnetic twisted Gaussian Schell-model array beam propagating in anisotropic atmosphere turbulence
- Author
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null Xianyang Yang, null Wenyu Fu, null Xuehua Hu, and null Xue Li
- Subjects
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Abstract
The effect of anisotropic atmosphere turbulence on propagation characteristics of an electromagnetic twisted Gaussian Schell-model array (EM TGSMA) beam is investigated. An analytical expression for the cross-spectral density function of such beam propagating through anisotropic turbulent atmosphere is derived and used to explore the evolutionary behavior of the spectral intensity, degree of polarization (DOP) and degree of coherence (DOC). An example illustrates the fact that twisted strength and anisotropic turbulent factors have an important impact on the behavior of spectral density, DOC and DOP, in particular. The rotation angle of the array beams can also be controlled by adjusting twisted strength. Furthermore, strong anisotropic turbulence was also found to cause significant mergence of the array beams. Our results might be beneficial for free-space communications of the partially coherent beams endowed with twist.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. PGRN deficiency exacerbates, whereas a brain penetrant PGRN derivative protects, GBA1 mutation-associated pathologies and diseases.
- Author
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Xiangli Zhao, Yi Lin, Benjamin Liou, Wenyu Fu, Jinlong Jian, Fannie, Venette, Wujuan Zhang, Setchell, Kenneth D. R., Grabowski, Gregory A., Ying Sun, and Chuan-ju Liu
- Subjects
PATHOLOGY ,LYSOSOMAL storage diseases ,PARKINSON'S disease ,GAUCHER'S disease ,BLOOD-brain barrier - Abstract
Mutations in GBA1, encoding glucocerebrosidase (GCase), cause Gaucher disease (GD) and are also genetic risks in developing Parkinson's disease (PD). Currently, the approved therapies are only effective for directly treating visceral symptoms, but not for primary neuronopathic involvement in GD (nGD). Progranulin (PGRN), encoded by GRN, is a novel modifier of GCase, but the impact of PGRN in GBA1 mutation-associated pathologies in vivo remains unknown. Herein, Grn-/- mice crossed into Gba9v/9v mice, a Gba1 mutant line homozygous for the Gba1 D409V mutation, generating Grn-/-Gba9v/9v (PG9V) mice. PG9V mice exhibited neurobehavioral deficits, early onset, and more severe GD phenotypes compared to Grn-/- and Gba9v/9v mice. Moreover, PG9V mice also displayed PD-like phenotype. Mechanistic analysis revealed that PGRN deficiency caused severe neuroinflammation with microgliosis and astrogliosis, along with impaired autophagy associated with the Gba1 mutation. A PGRN-derived peptide, termed ND7, ameliorated the disease phenotype in GD patient fibroblasts ex vivo. Unexpectedly, ND7 penetrated the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and effectively ameliorated the nGD manifestations and PD pathology in Gba9v/null and PG9V mice. Collectively, this study not only provides the first line of in vivo but also ex vivo evidence demonstrating the crucial role of PGRN in GBA1/Gba1 mutation-related pathologies, as well as a clinically relevant mouse model for mechanistic and potential therapeutics studies for nGD and PD. Importantly, a BBB penetrant PGRN-derived biologic was developed that may provide treatment for rare lysosomal storage diseases and common neurodegenerative disorders, particularly nGD and PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Influence of anisotropic turbulence on the Second-order statistics of a general-type partially coherent beam in the ocean
- Author
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Xingrong Zheng and Wenyu Fu
- Subjects
Gaussian ,02 engineering and technology ,Type (model theory) ,01 natural sciences ,Measure (mathematics) ,010309 optics ,symbols.namesake ,Optics ,0103 physical sciences ,Wigner distribution function ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Anisotropy ,Physics ,business.industry ,Turbulence ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Computational physics ,symbols ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Underwater acoustic communication ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
We investigate detailedly evolution properties of the angular spread and propagation factor ( M 2 -factor) of a general-type partially coherent beam with Schell-model correlator in anisotropic oceanic turbulence. According to the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle, analytical expressions for the second-order moments of Wigner distribution function (WDF) in anisotropic oceanic turbulence are derived. In order to measure the resistance of a general partially coherent beam to effects of anisotropic oceanic turbulence, we introduce deviation percentage of the normalized angular spread and M 2 -factor respectively between the general-type partially coherent beam and conventional Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) beam. Numerical results show that influence of anisotropy on the angular spread and M 2 -factor is less for a general-type partially coherent beam than a conventional GSM beam in oceanic turbulence. Besides, the initial beam parameters have a significant effect on the angular spread and M 2 -factor of a general-type partially coherent beam. Our results may be useful for underwater communication.
- Published
- 2019
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35. Association of Progranulin and Rab2 is required for autophagosome-lysosome fusion
- Author
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Chuan-ju Liu, Rossella Liberti, Jinlong Jian, Xiangli Zhao, Aubryanna Hettinghouse, Ying Sun, and Wenyu Fu
- Subjects
Association (object-oriented programming) ,Autophagosome lysosome fusion ,Biology ,Cell biology - Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN) is a key regulator of lysosome and its deficiency has been linked to various lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), including Gaucher disease (GD), one of the most common LSD. Here, we report that PGRN plays a previously unrecognized role in autophagy within the context of GD. PGRN deficiency associated with accumulation of LC3-II and p62 in autophagosomes of GD animal model and patient fibroblasts, resulting from impaired fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. PGRN physically interacted with Rab2, a critical molecule in autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Additionally, a fragment of PGRN containing the Grn E domain was required and sufficient for binding to Rab2. Further, this fragment significantly ameliorated PGRN-deficiency associated impairment of autophagosome-lysosome fusion and autophagic flux. These findings not only demonstrate that PGRN is a crucial mediator of autophagosome-lysosome fusion, but also provide new evidence indicating PGRN’s candidacy as a molecular target for modulating autophagy in GD and other LSDs in general.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Properties of an electromagnetic twisted Gaussian Schell-model array beam propagating in anisotropic atmosphere turbulence.
- Author
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XIANYANG YANG, WENYU FU, XUEHUA HU, and XUE LI
- Subjects
- *
TURBULENCE , *ATMOSPHERIC turbulence , *ELECTROMAGNETIC pulses , *RADIANT intensity , *ATMOSPHERE , *SPECTRAL energy distribution - Abstract
The effect of anisotropic atmosphere turbulence on propagation characteristics of an electromagnetic twisted Gaussian Schell-model array (EM TGSMA) beam is investigated. An analytical expression for the cross-spectral density function of such beam propagating through anisotropic turbulent atmosphere is derived and used to explore the evolutionary behavior of the spectral intensity, degree of polarization (DOP) and degree of coherence (DOC). An example illustrates the fact that twisted strength and anisotropic turbulent factors have an important impact on the behavior of spectral density, DOC and DOP, in particular. The rotation angle of the array beams can also be controlled by adjusting twisted strength. Furthermore, strong anisotropic turbulence was also found to cause significant mergence of the array beams. Our results might be beneficial for free-space communications of the partially coherent beams endowed with twist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Haemodynamic Analysis of Single And Double Bare-metal Stents For Coronary Artery Aneurysm
- Author
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Jiansong Yuan, Wenyu Fu, Jingang Cui, Yang Zhuoxuan, Aike Qiao, and Shubin Qiao
- Subjects
Coronary artery aneurysm ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Cardiology ,medicine ,Hemodynamics ,Bare metal ,cardiovascular diseases ,medicine.disease ,business - Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate a novel method to treat coronary artery aneurysms(CAAs).Methods Three CAAs patients who underwent single or double bare-metal stent implantation were recruited. The CAAs and parent artery diameters were measured for model construction. Single- and double-stent implantation were simulated, and the changes in the CAAs haemodynamics after stenting were analysed. Results In Case 1, the flow velocity in the single-stent model was significantly lower than that in the double-stent model (0.0046±0.013 vs 0.0050±0.011, pConclusion Application of the single or double bare-metal stent technique, according to the neck diameter of the coronary artery aneurysms, can effectively change the flow in vessels and aneurysm haemodynamics to achieve occlusion.Trail registration: Clinicaltrails, NCT04265989. Registered 12 February 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04265989?term=NCT04265989&draw=2&rank=1
- Published
- 2021
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38. In vitro physical and functional interaction assays to examine the binding of progranulin derivative Atsttrin to TNFR2 and its anti-TNFα activity
- Author
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Wenyu Fu, Aubryanna Hettinghouse, and Chuan-ju Liu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cell ,Arthritis ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Article ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,0302 clinical medicine ,Progranulins ,Osteogenesis ,Protein Interaction Mapping ,medicine ,Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II ,Cells, Cultured ,biology ,Chemistry ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Acid phosphatase ,Physical inhibition ,medicine.disease ,In vitro ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Direct binding ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Protein Binding - Abstract
TNFα/TNFR signaling plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and anti-TNFα therapies have been accepted as the effective approaches for treating several autoimmune diseases. Progranulin (PGRN), a multi-faced growth factor-like molecule, directly binds to TNFR1 and TNFR2, particularly to the latter with higher affinity than TNFα. PGRN derivative Atsttrin is composed of three TNFR-binding domain of PGRN and exhibits even better therapeutic effects than PGRN in several inflammatory disease models, including collagen-induced arthritis. Herein we describe the detailed methodology of using (1) ELISA-based solid phase protein-protein interaction assay to demonstrate the direct binding of Atsttrin to TNFR2 and its inhibition of TNFα/TNFR2 interaction; and (2) tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining of in vitro osteoclastogenesis to reveal the cell-based anti-TNFα activity of Atsttrin. Using the protocol described here, the investigators should be able to reproducibly detect the physical inhibition of TNFα binding to TNFR and the functional inhibition of TNFα activity by Atsttrin and various kinds of TNF inhibitors.
- Published
- 2021
39. Modeling by disruption and a selected‐for partner for the nude locus
- Author
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Anne M Whalen, Jian Li, Wenyu Fu, Lorin Weiner, Mario Clemente Estable, Laurel A. Raftery, Yun-Kyoung Lee, Janice L. Brissette, and Kristin White
- Subjects
flash‐forward genetics ,skin ,Mice, Nude ,Locus (genetics) ,Thymus Gland ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Transcription (biology) ,multimolecular positive selection ,Gene expression ,Genetics ,Transcriptional regulation ,Animals ,News & Views ,transcriptional regulation ,Molecular Biology ,Transcription factor ,Gene ,developmental mechanisms ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,integumentary system ,fungi ,FOXN1 ,Forkhead Transcription Factors ,Articles ,Phenotype ,Biological Evolution ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Development & Differentiation ,Hair Follicle ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
A long‐standing problem in biology is how to dissect traits for which no tractable model exists. Here, we screen for genes like the nude locus (Foxn1)—genes central to mammalian hair and thymus development—using animals that never evolved hair, thymi, or Foxn1. Fruit flies are morphologically disrupted by the FOXN1 transcription factor and rescued by weak reductions in fly gene function, revealing molecules that potently synergize with FOXN1 to effect dramatic, chaotic change. Strong synergy/effectivity in flies is expected to reflect strong selection/functionality (purpose) in mammals; the more disruptive a molecular interaction is in alien contexts (flies), the more beneficial it will be in its natural, formative contexts (mammals). The approach identifies Aff4 as the first nude‐like locus, as murine AFF4 and FOXN1 cooperatively induce similar cutaneous/thymic phenotypes, similar gene expression programs, and the same step of transcription, pre‐initiation complex formation. These AFF4 functions are unexpected, as AFF4 also serves as a scaffold in common transcriptional‐elongation complexes. Most likely, the approach works because an interaction's power to disrupt is the inevitable consequence of its selected‐for power to benefit., A genetic screen in Drosophila for genes that synergize with mammalian FOXN1 identifies Aff4 as a nude‐like locus. AFF4 cooperates with FOXN1 in mammalian hair and thymus development.
- Published
- 2020
40. Self-sealing polyurethane coatings containing high oil-absorption resin for storage facility and fuel pipelines
- Author
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Guojing Chen, Wenyu Fu, Zhiqiang Liu, Hao Wei, Zhijia Zhang, Guojun Wang, Songsong Zhang, Qiang Wang, Rui Li, and Xiao Ouyang
- Subjects
General Chemical Engineering ,Organic Chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Repurposing FDA-approved drugs for SARS-CoV-2 through an ELISA-based screening for the inhibition of RBD/ACE2 interaction
- Author
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Zi Ning Lei, Wenyu Fu, Zhe-Sheng Chen, Kaidi Wang, Yujianan Chen, Jing Quan Wang, Chuan-ju Liu, Wenhuo Hu, Aubryanna Hettinghouse, and Kenneth A. Stapleford
- Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ,Cell Biology ,Virology ,Biochemistry ,Human genetics ,Drug repositioning ,Drug Discovery ,Medicine ,Stem cell ,business ,Repurposing ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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42. TNFR2/14-3-3ε signaling complex instructs macrophage plasticity in inflammation and autoimmunity
- Author
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Aubryanna Hettinghouse, Yufei Bi, Wenyu Fu, Jody Liu, David B. Solit, Guozhi Xiao, Kazuhito Toyo-oka, Guodong Sun, P'ng Loke, Wen-jun He, Lei Zhang, Chuan-ju Liu, Wenhuo Hu, Guanmin Gao, and Young-Su Yi
- Subjects
Receptor complex ,Macrophage polarization ,Arthritis ,Inflammation ,Autoimmunity ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Mice ,Progranulins ,medicine ,Macrophage ,Animals ,Humans ,Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II ,Protein kinase B ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Mice, Knockout ,Macrophages ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Arthritis, Experimental ,Cell biology ,RAW 264.7 Cells ,14-3-3 Proteins ,Multiprotein Complexes ,medicine.symptom ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
TNFR1 and TNFR2 have received prominent attention because of their dominance in the pathogenesis of inflammation and autoimmunity. TNFR1 has been extensively studied and primarily mediates inflammation. TNFR2 remains far less studied, although emerging evidences demonstrate that TNFR2 plays an anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory role in various conditions and diseases. Herein, we report that TNFR2 regulates macrophage polarization, a highly dynamic process controlled by largely unidentified intracellular regulators. Using biochemical co-purification and mass spectrometry approaches, we isolated the signaling molecule 14-3-3e as a component of TNFR2 complexes in response to progranulin stimulation in macrophages. In addition, 14-3-3e was essential for TNFR2 signaling-mediated regulation of macrophage polarization and switch. Both global and myeloid-specific deletion of 14-3-3e resulted in exacerbated inflammatory arthritis and counteracted the protective effects of progranulin-mediated TNFR2 activation against inflammation and autoimmunity. TNFR2/14-3-3e signaled through PI3K/Akt/mTOR to restrict NF-κB activation while simultaneously stimulating C/EBPβ activation, thereby instructing macrophage plasticity. Collectively, this study identifies 14-3-3e as a previously-unrecognized vital component of the TNFR2 receptor complex and provides new insights into the TNFR2 signaling, particularly its role in macrophage polarization with therapeutic implications for various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases with activation of the TNFR2/14-3-3e anti-inflammatory pathway.
- Published
- 2020
43. [Kaempferol attenuates 6-OHDA-induced inflammatory damage in PC12 cells via inhibting p38 MAPK signaling pathway]
- Author
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Meiyun, Cai, Wenxin, Zhuang, E, Lyu, and Wenyu, Fu
- Subjects
MAP Kinase Signaling System ,NF-kappa B ,Animals ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ,Kaempferols ,Oxidopamine ,PC12 Cells ,p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ,Rats - Abstract
Objective To investigate the protective effects of kaempferol (KAE) on PC12 cells against neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced inflammatory damage and explore whether it is related to the inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signaling pathway. Methods After being cultured for 24 hours, PC12 cells were divided into 4 groups: control, 6-OHDA (100 μmol/L), 6-OHDA combined with (20, 40, 60, 80, 100) μmol/L KAE and KAE groups. The morphological features of PC12 cells were observed under an inverted microscope, and the cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay. In the case of the optimal effective dose of KAE, the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factors (NF)-κB were evaluated by immunocytochemical staining and Western blot analysis. To explore the mechanism underlying the protective role of KAE, KAE and SB203580 (p38 MAPK pathway inhibitor) (10 μmol/L) were separately added into 6-OHDA culture medium of PC12 cells. The protein levels of iNOS, COX2, NF-κB, p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK were tested by Western blotting. Results Compared with the control group, the number of cells in the 6-OHDA group was significantly reduced, with most cell bodies shrunk and aggregated into clumps. Compared with the 6-OHDA group, the number of cells increased and the morphology was effectively improved in the 6-OHDA combined with KAE (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 μmol/L) group. KAE at 80 μmol/L was demonstrated the best protective effects in the present work. In the 6-OHDA group, the expression of COX2, iNOS, NF-κB significantly increased. Compared with the 6-OHDA group, the expression of the above molecules decreased markedly in the 6-OHDA combined with 80 μmol/L KAE group. The protein expression levels of COX2, iNOS, NF-κB, p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK went up significantly in the 6-OHDA group as compared with the control group, while they were down-regulated obviously by both KAE and SB203580. Conclusion KAE exerts neuroprotective effects on PC12 cells against the damage induced by 6-OHDA probably through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
- Published
- 2020
44. Polyphenols from Toona sinensiss Seeds Alleviate Neuroinflammation Induced by 6-Hydroxydopamine Through Suppressing p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease
- Author
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Wenyu Fu, Li Wanzhong, Meiyun Cai, Chao Chen, Wenxin Zhuang, Yanqiang Wang, and E Lv
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,MAP Kinase Signaling System ,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry ,PC12 Cells ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Western blot ,In vivo ,medicine ,Animals ,Viability assay ,Parkinson Disease, Secondary ,Oxidopamine ,Neuroinflammation ,Inflammation ,Hydroxydopamine ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Dopaminergic Neurons ,Dopaminergic ,Polyphenols ,General Medicine ,Rats ,Nitric oxide synthase ,Substantia Nigra ,030104 developmental biology ,Cyclooxygenase 2 ,Astrocytes ,Seeds ,biology.protein ,Microglia ,Toona ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Polyphenols from Toona sinensis seeds (PTSS) have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in various diseases, while the anti-neuroinflammatory effects still remain to be investigated. We aimed to investigate the effects of PTSS on Parkinson's disease and underlying mechanisms using a rat model. We employed 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and PC12 cells to construct the in vivo and vitro models of PD and dopaminergic (DA) neuron injury, respectively. Cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and protein levels of inflammatory mediators and some p38 MAPK pathway molecules were investigated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses. The results showed that 6-OHDA significantly increased protein levels of inflammatory mediators, such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), which could be reversed by PTSS through suppressing the p38 MAPK pathway. The anti-inflammatory effects of PTSS were significantly enhanced by the specific p38 inhibitor of SB203580 in vitro. The present work suggests that PTSS can exert anti-inflammatory effects on PD models, which may be attributed to the suppression of p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
- Published
- 2020
45. Effect of anisotropy on the radius of curvature and Rayleigh range of a general-type partially coherent beam in oceanic turbulence
- Author
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Wenyu Fu and Xingrong Zheng
- Subjects
Physics ,Turbulence ,Rayleigh length ,Anisotropy ,Radius of curvature (optics) ,Computational physics - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Kaemperfol alleviates pyroptosis and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease via inhibiting p38MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway
- Author
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Wenxin Zhuang, Wenyi Zhang, Meiyun Cai, Yanqiang Wang, E Lv, Wenyu Fu, and Zhan Liu
- Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides ,Male ,MAP Kinase Signaling System ,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ,Neuroprotection ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Pyroptosis ,medicine ,Animals ,Oxidopamine ,Protein kinase A ,Neuroinflammation ,Microglia ,biology ,Chemistry ,NF-kappa B ,Parkinson Disease ,Cell Biology ,Cell biology ,Nitric oxide synthase ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neuroinflammatory Diseases ,biology.protein ,Signal transduction ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
The study aims to investigate whether kaemperfol (KAE) inhibits microglia pyroptosis and subsequent neuroinflammatory response to exert neuroprotective effects, along with the underlying mechanisms. The results showed KAE could ameliorate the behavioral deficits of Parkinson's disease (PD) rats, inhibit the activation of microglia and astrocytes, reduce the loss of TH-positive neurons, down-regulate levels of pyroptosis-related NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), GasderminD-N Term (GSDMD-NT), caspase1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18, and decrease the levels of inflammatory molecules (inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-kappaB (p38MAPK/NF-κB) signaling pathway molecules (p38MAPK, p-p38MAPK, NF-κB, and p-NF-κB) in the substantia nigra of PD rats. Further in vitro study indicated that KAE reversed the activation of BV2 cells and down-regulated the expressions of pyrolytic proteins, inflammatory mediators and key molecules in p38MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Collectively, KAE inhibits the microglia pyroptosis and subsequent neuroinflammatory response to exert neuroprotective effects on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD rats and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 inflammatory cells through inhibiting p38MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
- Published
- 2022
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47. The second–order moment statistics of a twisted electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model propagating in a uniaxial crystal
- Author
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Pengfei Cao, Qian Sun, and Wenyu Fu
- Subjects
Physics ,Diffraction ,Condensed matter physics ,Uniaxial crystal ,Gaussian ,Physics::Optics ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Curvature ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,010309 optics ,symbols.namesake ,0103 physical sciences ,Rayleigh length ,symbols ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,Wigner distribution function ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Anisotropy ,Coherence (physics) - Abstract
Under the help of extended Huygens–Fresnel integral, we acquire the analytic expressions of second-order moments of the Wigner distribution function (WDF) for a twisted electromagnetic Gaussian Schell-model (TEGSM) beam propagating in a uniaxial crystal. Moreover, we obtain the formulae for propagation factor, the effective radius of curvature and Rayleigh range in which we studied the properties of the TEGSM beam numerically. It is found that the initial beam parameters and the uniaxial crystal parameters play a decisive role in the TEGSM beam propagating in a uniaxial crystal. The TEGSM beam with smaller absolute deviation of coherence width δxx and δyy is less affected by anisotropic diffraction in a uniaxial crystal, which is much different from the evolution properties of an EGSM beam in a uniaxial crystal. The Rayleigh range will decreases while the crystal parameter e increases. Thus, the propagation properties of a TEGSM beam could be controlled in a uniaxial crystal by changing the initial beam parameters and the uniaxial crystal parameters where it is necessary.
- Published
- 2018
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48. p204 Is Required for Canonical Lipopolysaccharide-induced TLR4 Signaling in Mice
- Author
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Huabing Qi, Chuan-ju Liu, Guozhi Xiao, Aubryanna Hettinghouse, Xiaolan Du, Jinlong Jian, Wenyu Fu, Michun He, Qingyun Tian, Ronghan Liu, Elena Gonzalez-Gugel, Yongxiang Shi, Wenhao Song, Jing Yang, Lin Chen, and Young-Su Yi
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Innate immune system ,Lipopolysaccharide ,Chemistry ,lcsh:R ,lcsh:Medicine ,General Medicine ,NFKB1 ,Pyrin domain ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,3. Good health ,Cell biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,TLR4 ,Extracellular ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Signal transduction ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Intracellular - Abstract
p204, a murine member of an interferon-inducible p200 family, was reported to recognize intracellular viral and bacterial DNAs, however, its role in the innate immunity in vivo remains unknown due to the lack of p204-deficient animal models. In this study we first generated the p204−/− mice. Unexpectedly, p204 deficiency led to significant defect in extracellular LPS signaling in macrophages, as demonstrated by dramatic reductions of LPS-mediated IFN-β and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The serum levels of IFN-β and pro-inflammatory cytokines were also significantly reduced in p204−/− mice following LPS challenge. In addition, p204−/− mice were resistant to LPS-induced shock. LPS-activated NF-ĸB and IRF-3 pathways were all defective in p204-deficient macrophages. p204 binds to TLR4 through its Pyrin domain, and it is required for the dimerization of TLR4 following LPS-challenge. Collectively, p204 is a critical component of canonical LPS-TLR4 signaling pathway, and these studies also suggest that p204 could be a potential target to prevent and treat inflammatory and infectious diseases. Keywords: p204, LPS, TLR4, IFN-β, Inflammatory responses, Macrophages
- Published
- 2018
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49. Real-World Variability in the Prediction of Intracranial Aneurysm Wall Shear Stress: The 2015 International Aneurysm CFD Challenge
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Philipp Berg, Kristian Valen-Sendstad, Alistair G. Brown, Stephen P. Broderick, Leonid Goubergrits, David A. Steinman, Nicolas Aristokleous, G. Albert Einstein, Kent-Andre Mardal, Masanori Tsuji, Satoshi Koizumi, Yuji Shimogonya, Neil Ashton, Masaaki Shojima, Alistair Revell, Simona Hodis, Salvatore Cito, Fujimaro Ishida, Kerem Pekkan, A. J. Geers, Prahlad G. Menon, Jordi Pallares, Charles B. L. M. Majoie, Bart M. W. Cornelissen, Wenyu Fu, Hernán G. Morales, Senol Piskin, Justin Tran, Yahia M. Al-Smadi, Kartik Jain, Shawn C. Shadden, Sreeja Vaippummadhom, Jan Bruening, Aike Qiao, Michael Barbour, Adam Updegrove, Sylvia Saalfield, M. Owais Khan, Shin Ichiro Sugiyama, Sabine Roller, Kuniyasu Niizuma, Ignacio Larrabide, Sherif Rashad, Thierry Lefevre, Aslak W. Bergersen, Alison L. Marsden, Kristian Debus, Viorel Mihalef, Alberto Aliseda, Leonard D. Browne, J. Graeme Houston, Saikiran Rapaka, Thomas Spirka, Ramji Kamakoti, Kenichi Kono, Graduate School, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, ACS - Microcirculation, ANS - Neurovascular Disorders, and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
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Patient-Specific Modeling ,Middle Cerebral Artery ,Computer science ,02 engineering and technology ,Inflow ,Wall shear stress ,0302 clinical medicine ,Statistics ,Rupture risk ,UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION ,Uncertainty quantification ,Models, Cardiovascular ,Solver ,Prognosis ,Cerebrovascular Circulation ,cardiovascular system ,Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ,PATIENT-SPECIFIC MODELLING ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,Blood Flow Velocity ,Patient-specific modelling ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Computational fluid dynamics ,RUPTURE RISK ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Imaging, Three-Dimensional ,Aneurysm ,Predictive Value of Tests ,WALL SHEAR STRESS ,Shear stress ,medicine ,Humans ,INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM ,business.industry ,Hemodynamics ,Reproducibility of Results ,Intracranial Aneurysm ,medicine.disease ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Cerebral Angiography ,Regional Blood Flow ,3d rotational angiography ,Ciencias de la Computación e Información ,Stress, Mechanical ,business ,Ciencias de la Información y Bioinformática ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Purpose—Image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is widely used to predict intracranial aneurysm wall shear stress (WSS), particularly with the goal of improving rupture risk assessment. Nevertheless, concern has been expressed over the variability of predicted WSS and inconsistent associations with rupture. Previous challenges, and studies from individual groups, have focused on individual aspects of the image-based CFD pipeline. The aim of this Challenge was to quantify the total variability of the whole pipeline. Methods—3D rotational angiography image volumes of five middle cerebral artery aneurysms were provided to participants, who were free to choose their segmentation methods boundary conditions, and CFD solver and settings. Participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire about their solution strategies and experience with aneurysm CFD, and provide surface distributions of WSS magnitude, from which we objectively derived a variety of hemodynamic parameters. Results—A total of 28 datasets were submitted, from 26 teams with varying levels of self-assessed experience. Wide variability of segmentations, CFD model extents, and inflow rates resulted in interquartile ranges of sac average WSS up to 56%, which reduced to < 30% after normalizing by parent artery WSS. Sac-maximum WSS and low shear area were more variable, while rank-ordering of cases by low or high shear showed only modest consensus among teams. Experience was not a significant predictor of variability. Conclusions—Wide variability exists in the prediction of intracranial aneurysm WSS. While segmentation and CFD solver techniques may be difficult to standardize across groups, our findings suggest that some of the variability in image-based CFD could be reduced by establishing guidelines for model extents, inflow rates, and blood properties, and by encouraging the reporting of normalized hemodynamic parameters. Fil: Valen-Sendstad, Kristian. Simula Research Laboratory and Center for Cardiological Innovation; Noruega Fil: Bergersen, Aslak W.. University of Oslo; Noruega Fil: Shimogonya, Yuji. Nihon University; Japón Fil: Goubergrits, Leonid. Charite´ – Universita¨tsmedizin Berlin; Alemania Fil: Bruening, Jan. Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Alemania Fil: Pallares, Jordi. Universitat Rovira I Virgili; España Fil: Cito, Salvatore. Universitat Rovira I Virgili; España Fil: Piskin, Senol. University Of Texas At San Antonio.; Estados Unidos Fil: Pekkan, Kerem. Koc University; Turquía Fil: Geers, Arjan J.. Universitat Pompeu Fabra; España Fil: Larrabide, Ignacio. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Grupo de Plasmas Densos Magnetizados. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Grupo de Plasmas Densos Magnetizados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Rapaka, Saikiran. Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc; Estados Unidos Fil: Mihalef, Viorel. Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc; Estados Unidos Fil: Fu, Wenyu. Beijing Union University; China Fil: Qiao, Aike. Beijing University of Technology; China Fil: Jain, Kartik. Simula Research Laboratory and Center for Cardiological Innovation; Noruega. University of Siegen; Alemania. University of Zürich; Suiza Fil: Roller, Sabine. University of Siegen; Alemania Fil: Mardal, Kent-Andre. Simula Research Laboratory and Center for Cardiological Innovation; Noruega. University of Oslo; Noruega Fil: Kamakoti, Ramji. Dassault Systemes; Francia Fil: Spirka, Thomas. Simpleware Software Solutions; Reino Unido Fil: Ashton, Neil. University of Oxford; Reino Unido Fil: Revell, Alistair. University of Manchester; Reino Unido Fil: Aristokleous, Nicolas. University of Limerick; Irlanda Fil: Houston, J. Graeme. University of Dundee; Reino Unido Fil: Tsuji, Masanori. Mie Chuo Medical Center; Japón Fil: Ishida, Fujimaro. Mie Chuo Medical Center; Japón Fil: Menon, Prahlad G.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados Unidos Fil: Browne, Leonard D.. University of Limerick; Irlanda Fil: Broderick, Stephen. University of Limerick; Irlanda Fil: Shojima, Masaaki. University of Tokyo; Japón Fil: Koizumi, Satoshi. University of Tokyo; Japón Fil: Barbour, Michael. University of Washington; Estados Unidos Fil: Aliseda, Alberto. University of Washington; Estados Unidos Fil: Morales, Hernán G.. Medisys - Philips Research Paris; Francia Fil: Lefèvre, Thierry. Medisys - Philips Research Paris; Francia Fil: Hodis, Simona. Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Estados Unidos Fil: Al-Smadi, Yahia M.. Jordan University of Science and Technology; Jordania Fil: Tran, Justin S.. Stanford University; Estados Unidos Fil: Marsden, Alison L.. Stanford University; Estados Unidos Fil: Vaippummadhom, Sreeja. EinNel Technlogies; India Fil: Einstein, G. Albert. EinNel Technlogies; India Fil: Brown, Alistair G.. Siemens PLM Software; Estados Unidos Fil: Debus, Kristian. Siemens PLM Software; Estados Unidos Fil: Niizuma, Kuniyasu. Tohoku University; Japón Fil: Rashad, Sherif. Tohoku University; Japón Fil: Sugiyama, Shin-ichiro. Kohnan Hospital; Japón Fil: Owais Khan, M.. University of Toronto; Canadá Fil: Updegrove, Adam R.. University of California at Berkeley; Estados Unidos Fil: Shadden, Shawn C.. University of California at Berkeley; Estados Unidos Fil: Cornelissen, Bart M. W.. Academic Medical Center; Países Bajos Fil: Majoie, Charles B. L. M.. Academic Medical Center; Países Bajos Fil: Berg, Philipp. University of Magdeburg; Alemania Fil: Saalfield, Sylvia. University of Magdeburg; Alemania Fil: Kono, Kenichi. Wakayama Rosai Hospital; Japón Fil: Steinman, David A.. University of Toronto; Canadá
- Published
- 2018
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50. Twist phase-induced characteristic changes of a radially polarized partially coherent beam in a uniaxial crystal
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Wenyu Fu and Hanmou Zhang
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Density matrix ,Physics ,Condensed matter physics ,Uniaxial crystal ,business.industry ,Physics::Optics ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Polarization (waves) ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,010309 optics ,Optical axis ,Optics ,0103 physical sciences ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Twist ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Anisotropy ,Refractive index ,Coherence (physics) - Abstract
We derived analytical formula for the cross-spectral density matrix of a radially polarized partially coherent twist (RPPCT) beam in a uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis with the help of the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral formula and unified theory of coherence and polarization. Furthermore, we explore the evolution properties of a RPPCT beam in a uniaxial crystal. It is found that the RPPCT beam becomes an anisotropic RPPCT beam and the beam is rotating with beam propagation in uniaxial crystal. Its evolution properties change with twist factor and the ratio of extraordinary index to ordinary refractive index. The twist factor affects their rotation orientation angles, and the ratio of extraordinary index to ordinary refractive index has an effect on their twisted levels.
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- 2017
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