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38 results on '"Wentzell, Jeremy J. B."'

2. Total organic carbon measurements reveal major gaps in petrochemical emissions reporting

Author

He, Megan, primary, Ditto, Jenna C., additional, Gardner, Lexie, additional, Machesky, Jo, additional, Hass-Mitchell, Tori N., additional, Chen, Christina, additional, Khare, Peeyush, additional, Sahin, Bugra, additional, Fortner, John D., additional, Plata, Desiree L., additional, Drollette, Brian D., additional, Hayden, Katherine L., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Mittermeier, Richard L., additional, Leithead, Amy, additional, Lee, Patrick, additional, Darlington, Andrea, additional, Wren, Sumi N., additional, Zhang, Junhua, additional, Wolde, Mengistu, additional, Moussa, Samar G., additional, Li, Shao-Meng, additional, Liggio, John, additional, and Gentner, Drew R., additional

Published
2024
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4. Differences between measured and reported volatile organic compound emissions from oil sands facilities in Alberta, Canada

Author

Li, Shao-Meng, Leithead, Amy, Moussa, Samar G., Liggio, John, Moran, Michael D., Wang, Daniel, Hayden, Katherine, Darlington, Andrea, Gordon, Mark, Staebler, Ralf, Makar, Paul A., Stroud, Craig A., McLaren, Robert, Liu, Peter S. K., O’Brien, Jason, Mittermeier, Richard L., Zhang, Junhua, Marson, George, Cober, Stewart G., Wolde, Mengistu, and Wentzell, Jeremy J. B.

Published
2017

5. Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles

Author

DeMott, Paul J., Hill, Thomas C. J., McCluskey, Christina S., Prather, Kimberly A., Collins, Douglas B., Sullivan, Ryan C., Ruppel, Matthew J., Mason, Ryan H., Irish, Victoria E., Lee, Taehyoung, Hwang, Chung Yeon, Rhee, Tae Siek, Snider, Jefferson R., McMeeking, Gavin R., Dhaniyala, Suresh, Lewis, Ernie R., Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., Abbatt, Jonathan, Lee, Christopher, Sultana, Camille M., Ault, Andrew P., Axson, Jessica L., Martinez, Myrelis Diaz, Venero, Ingrid, Santos-Figueroa, Gilmarie, Stokes, M. Dale, Deane, Grant B., Mayol-Bracero, Olga L., Grassian, Vicki H., Bertram, Timothy H., Bertram, Allan K., Moffett, Bruce F., and Franc, Gary D.

Published
2016

6. Reconciling the total carbon budget for boreal forest wildfire emissions using airborne observations

Author

Hayden, Katherine L., primary, Li, Shao-Meng, additional, Liggio, John, additional, Wheeler, Michael J., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Leithead, Amy, additional, Brickell, Peter, additional, Mittermeier, Richard L., additional, Oldham, Zachary, additional, Mihele, Cristian M., additional, Staebler, Ralf M., additional, Moussa, Samar G., additional, Darlington, Andrea, additional, Wolde, Mengistu, additional, Thompson, Daniel, additional, Chen, Jack, additional, Griffin, Debora, additional, Eckert, Ellen, additional, Ditto, Jenna C., additional, He, Megan, additional, and Gentner, Drew R., additional

Published
2022
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7. Chloramines as an important photochemical source of chlorine atoms in the urban atmosphere.

Author

Chen Wang, Liggio, John, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., Jorga, Spiro, Folkerson, Andrew, and Abbatt, Jonathan P. D.

Subjects
CHLORAMINES, ATMOSPHERE, CHLORINE, BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics), ATOMS
Abstract

Monochloramine, dichloramine and trichloramine (NH2Cl, NHCl2, NCl3) are measured in the ambient atmosphere, in downtown Toronto in summer (median 39, 15 and 2.8 ppt) and winter (median 11, 7.3 and 0.7 ppt). NCl3 and NHCl2 were also measured in summer (median 1.3 and 14 ppt) from a suburban Toronto location. Measurements at two locations demonstrate prevalence of chloramines in an urban atmosphere. At both sites, NCl3 exhibits a strong diel pattern with maximum values during the night, and photolytic loss with sunrise. At the downtown site, a strong positive correlation between NH2Cl and NHCl2 in the summer night indicates a common source, with daily average peak mixing ratios approaching 500 and 250 ppt, respectively. As a previously unidentified source of chlorine (Cl) atoms, we demonstrate that NCl3 photolysis contributes 49 to 82% of the total local summertime Cl production rate at different times during the day with an average noontime peak of 3.8 × 105 atoms/cm³/s, with smaller contributions from ClNO2 and Cl2. Photolysis of NH2Cl and NHCl2 may augment this Cl production rate. Our measurements also demonstrate a daytime enhancement of chloroacetone in both the summer and winter, demonstrating the importance of Cl photochemistry. The results suggest that chloramines are an important source of Cl atoms in urban areas, with potential impacts on the abundance of organic compounds, ozone, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. Future studies should explore the vertical gradients of chloramines and their contribution to Cl production throughout the boundary layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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9. Atmospheric evolution of emissions from a boreal forest fire: the formation of highly functionalized oxygen-, nitrogen-, and sulfur-containing organic compounds

Author

Ditto, Jenna C., primary, He, Megan, additional, Hass-Mitchell, Tori N., additional, Moussa, Samar G., additional, Hayden, Katherine, additional, Li, Shao-Meng, additional, Liggio, John, additional, Leithead, Amy, additional, Lee, Patrick, additional, Wheeler, Michael J., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, and Gentner, Drew R., additional

Published
2021
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11. Overview paper: New insights into aerosol and climate in the Arctic

Author

Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., Leaitch, W. Richard, Aliabadi, Amir A., Bertram, Allan K., Blanchet, Jean-Pierre, Boivin-Rioux, Aude, Bozem, Heiko, Burkart, Julia, Chang, Rachel Y. W., Charette, Joannie, Chaubey, Jai P., Christensen, Robert J., Cirisan, Ana, Collins, Douglas B., Croft, Betty, Dionne, Joelle, Evans, Greg J., Fletcher, Christopher G., Galí, Martí, Ghahremaninezhad, Roghayeh, Girard, Eric, Gong, Wanmin, Gosselin, Michel, Gourdal, Margaux, Hanna, Sarah J., Hayashida, Hakase, Herber, Andreas B., Hesaraki, Sareh, Hoor, Peter, Huang, Lin, Hussherr, Rachel, Irish, Victoria E., Keita, Setigui A., Kodros, John K., Köllner, Franziska, Kolonjari, Felicia, Kunkel, Daniel, Ladino, Luis A., Law, Kathy, Levasseur, Maurice, Libois, Quentin, Liggio, John, Lizotte, Martine, Macdonald, Katrina M., Mahmood, Rashed, Martin, Randall V., Mason, Ryan H., Miller, Lisa A., Moravek, Alexander, Mortenson, Eric, Mungall, Emma L., Murphy, Jennifer G., Namazi, Maryam, Norman, Ann-Lise, O'Neill, Norman T., Pierce, Jeffrey R., Russell, Lynn M., Schneider, Johannes, Schulz, Hannes, Sharma, Sangeeta, Si, Meng, Staebler, Ralf M., Steiner, Nadja S., Thomas, Jennie L., von Salzen, Knut, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., Willis, Megan D., Wentworth, Gregory R., Xu, Jun-Wei, Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D., Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., Leaitch, W. Richard, Aliabadi, Amir A., Bertram, Allan K., Blanchet, Jean-Pierre, Boivin-Rioux, Aude, Bozem, Heiko, Burkart, Julia, Chang, Rachel Y. W., Charette, Joannie, Chaubey, Jai P., Christensen, Robert J., Cirisan, Ana, Collins, Douglas B., Croft, Betty, Dionne, Joelle, Evans, Greg J., Fletcher, Christopher G., Galí, Martí, Ghahremaninezhad, Roghayeh, Girard, Eric, Gong, Wanmin, Gosselin, Michel, Gourdal, Margaux, Hanna, Sarah J., Hayashida, Hakase, Herber, Andreas B., Hesaraki, Sareh, Hoor, Peter, Huang, Lin, Hussherr, Rachel, Irish, Victoria E., Keita, Setigui A., Kodros, John K., Köllner, Franziska, Kolonjari, Felicia, Kunkel, Daniel, Ladino, Luis A., Law, Kathy, Levasseur, Maurice, Libois, Quentin, Liggio, John, Lizotte, Martine, Macdonald, Katrina M., Mahmood, Rashed, Martin, Randall V., Mason, Ryan H., Miller, Lisa A., Moravek, Alexander, Mortenson, Eric, Mungall, Emma L., Murphy, Jennifer G., Namazi, Maryam, Norman, Ann-Lise, O'Neill, Norman T., Pierce, Jeffrey R., Russell, Lynn M., Schneider, Johannes, Schulz, Hannes, Sharma, Sangeeta, Si, Meng, Staebler, Ralf M., Steiner, Nadja S., Thomas, Jennie L., von Salzen, Knut, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., Willis, Megan D., Wentworth, Gregory R., Xu, Jun-Wei, and Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D.

Abstract

Motivated by the need to predict how the Arctic atmosphere will change in a warming world, this article summarizes recent advances made by the research consortium NETCARE (Network on Climate and Aerosols: Addressing Key Uncertainties in Remote Canadian Environments) that contribute to our fundamental understanding of Arctic aerosol particles as they relate to climate forcing. The overall goal of NETCARE research has been to use an interdisciplinary approach encompassing extensive field observations and a range of chemical transport, earth system, and biogeochemical models. Several major findings and advances have emerged from NETCARE since its formation in 2013. (1) Unexpectedly high summertime dimethyl sulfide (DMS) levels were identified in ocean water (up to 75 nM) and the overlying atmosphere (up to 1 ppbv) in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA). Furthermore, melt ponds, which are widely prevalent, were identified as an important DMS source (with DMS concentrations of up to 6 nM and a potential contribution to atmospheric DMS of 20 % in the study area). (2) Evidence of widespread particle nucleation and growth in the marine boundary layer was found in the CAA in the summertime, with these events observed on 41 % of days in a 2016 cruise. As well, at Alert, Nunavut, particles that are newly formed and grown under conditions of minimal anthropogenic influence during the months of July and August are estimated to contribute 20 % to 80 % of the 30–50 nm particle number density. DMS-oxidation-driven nucleation is facilitated by the presence of atmospheric ammonia arising from seabird-colony emissions, and potentially also from coastal regions, tundra, and biomass burning. Via accumulation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), a significant fraction of the new particles grow to sizes that are active in cloud droplet formation. Although the gaseous precursors to Arctic marine SOA remain poorly defined, the measured levels of common continental SOA precursors (isoprene

Published
2019

13. New insights into aerosol and climate in the Arctic

Author

Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., Leaitch, W. Richard, Aliabadi, Amir A., Bertram, Alan K., Blanchet, Jean-Pierre, Boivin-Rioux, Aude, Bozem, Heiko, Burkart, Julia, Chang, Rachel Y. W., Charette, Joannie, Chaubey, Jai P., Christensen, Robert J., Cirisan, Ana, Collins, Douglas B., Croft, Betty, Dionne, Joelle, Evans, Greg J., Fletcher, Christopher G., Ghahremaninezhad, Roghayeh, Girard, Eric, Gong, Wanmin, Gosselin, Michel, Gourdal, Margaux, Hanna, Sarah J., Hayashida, Hakase, Herber, Andreas B., Hesaraki, Sareh, Hoor, Peter, Huang, Lin, Hussherr, Rachel, Irish, Victoria E., Keita, Setigui A., Kodros, John K., Köllner, Franziska, Kolonjari, Felicia, Kunkel, Daniel, Ladino, Luis A., Law, Kathy S., Levasseur, Maurice, Libois, Quentin, Liggio, John, Lizotte, Martine, Macdonald, Katrina M., Mahmood, Rashed, Martin, Randall V., Mason, Ryan H., Miller, Lisa A., Moravek, Alexander, Mortenson, Eric, Mungall, Emma L., Murphy, Jennifer G., Namazi, Maryam, Norman, Ann-Lise, O'Neill, Norman T., Pierce, Jeffrey R., Russell, Lynn M., Schneider, Johannes, Schulz, Hannes, Sharma, Sangeeta, Si, Meng, Staebler, Ralf M., Steiner, Nadja S., Gali, Marti, Thomas, Jennie L., von Salzen, Knut, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., Willis, Megan D., Wentworth, Gregory R., Xu, Jun-Wei, Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D., Department of Chemistry [University of Toronto], University of Toronto, Environment and Climate Change Canada, School of Engineering [Guelph], University of Guelph, Department of Chemistry [Vancouver] (UBC Chemistry), University of British Columbia (UBC), Département des sciences de la terre et de l'atmosphère [Montréal] (SCTA), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Institut des Sciences de la MER de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Institute for Atmospheric Physics [Mainz] (IPA), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Aerosol Physics and Environmental Physics [Vienna], University of Vienna [Vienna], Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Department of Chemistry [Lewisburg], Bucknell University, Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry (CHEM ENG), Department of Geography and Environmental Management [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Departement de Biologie [Québec], Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), School of Earth and Ocean Sciences [Victoria] (SEOS), University of Victoria [Canada] (UVIC), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Centre d'Applications et de Recherches en TELédétection (CARTEL), Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke], Department of Atmospheric Science [Fort Collins], Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Particle Chemistry Department [Mainz], Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera [Mexico], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Department of Biology [Québec], Air Quality Processes Research Section, Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma), Institute of Ocean Sciences [Sidney] (IOS), Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Department of Mathematics [Isfahan], University of Isfahan, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Calgary], University of Calgary, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), and National Research Council of Canada (NRC)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology
Abstract

International audience; Motivated by the need to predict how the Arctic atmosphere will change in a warming world, this article summarizes recent advances made by the research consortium NETCARE (Network on Climate and Aerosols: Addressing Key Uncertainties in Remote Canadian Environments) that contribute to our fundamental understanding of Arctic aerosol particles as they relate to climate forcing. The overall goal of NETCARE research has been to use an interdisciplinary approach encompassing extensive field observations and a range of chemical transport, earth system, and biogeochemical models. Several major findings and advances have emerged from NETCARE since its formation in 2013 . (1) Unexpectedly high summertime dimethyl sulfide (DMS) levels were identified in ocean water and the overlying atmosphere in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA). Furthermore, melt ponds, which are widely prevalent, were identified as an important DMS source. (2) Evidence was found of widespread particle nucleation and growth in the marine boundary layer in the CAA in the summertime. DMS-oxidation-driven nucleation is facilitated by the presence of atmospheric ammonia arising from sea bird colony emissions, and potentially also from coastal regions, tundra, and biomass burning. Via accumulation of secondary organic material (SOA), a significant fraction of the new particles grow to sizes that are active in cloud droplet formation. Although the gaseous precursors to Arctic marine SOA remain poorly defined, the measured levels of common continental SOA precursors (isoprene and monoterpenes) were low, whereas elevated mixing ratios of oxygenated volatile organic compounds were inferred to arise via processes involving the sea surface microlayer. (3) The variability in the vertical distribution of black carbon (BC) under both springtime Arctic haze and more pristine summertime aerosol conditions was observed. Measured particle size distributions and mixing states were used to constrain, for the first time, calculations of aerosol–climate interactions under Arctic conditions. Aircraft- and ground-based measurements were used to better establish the BC source regions that supply the Arctic via long-range transport mechanisms. (4) Measurements of ice nucleating particles (INPs) in the Arctic indicate that a major source of these particles is mineral dust, likely derived from local sources in the summer and long-range transport in the spring. In addition, INPs are abundant in the sea surface microlayer in the Arctic, and possibly play a role in ice nucleation in the atmosphere when mineral dust concentrations are low. (5) Amongst multiple aerosol components, BC was observed to have the smallest effective deposition velocities to high Arctic snow.

Published
2018

14. Overview paper: New insights into aerosol and climate in the Arctic

Author

Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., primary, Leaitch, W. Richard, additional, Aliabadi, Amir A., additional, Bertram, Allan K., additional, Blanchet, Jean-Pierre, additional, Boivin-Rioux, Aude, additional, Bozem, Heiko, additional, Burkart, Julia, additional, Chang, Rachel Y. W., additional, Charette, Joannie, additional, Chaubey, Jai P., additional, Christensen, Robert J., additional, Cirisan, Ana, additional, Collins, Douglas B., additional, Croft, Betty, additional, Dionne, Joelle, additional, Evans, Greg J., additional, Fletcher, Christopher G., additional, Galí, Martí, additional, Ghahreman, Roya, additional, Girard, Eric, additional, Gong, Wanmin, additional, Gosselin, Michel, additional, Gourdal, Margaux, additional, Hanna, Sarah J., additional, Hayashida, Hakase, additional, Herber, Andreas B., additional, Hesaraki, Sareh, additional, Hoor, Peter, additional, Huang, Lin, additional, Hussherr, Rachel, additional, Irish, Victoria E., additional, Keita, Setigui A., additional, Kodros, John K., additional, Köllner, Franziska, additional, Kolonjari, Felicia, additional, Kunkel, Daniel, additional, Ladino, Luis A., additional, Law, Kathy, additional, Levasseur, Maurice, additional, Libois, Quentin, additional, Liggio, John, additional, Lizotte, Martine, additional, Macdonald, Katrina M., additional, Mahmood, Rashed, additional, Martin, Randall V., additional, Mason, Ryan H., additional, Miller, Lisa A., additional, Moravek, Alexander, additional, Mortenson, Eric, additional, Mungall, Emma L., additional, Murphy, Jennifer G., additional, Namazi, Maryam, additional, Norman, Ann-Lise, additional, O'Neill, Norman T., additional, Pierce, Jeffrey R., additional, Russell, Lynn M., additional, Schneider, Johannes, additional, Schulz, Hannes, additional, Sharma, Sangeeta, additional, Si, Meng, additional, Staebler, Ralf M., additional, Steiner, Nadja S., additional, Thomas, Jennie L., additional, von Salzen, Knut, additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Willis, Megan D., additional, Wentworth, Gregory R., additional, Xu, Jun-Wei, additional, and Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D., additional

Published
2019
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15. Ice nucleating particles in the marine boundary layer in the Canadian Arctic during summer 2014

Author

Irish, Victoria E., primary, Hanna, Sarah J., additional, Willis, Megan D., additional, China, Swarup, additional, Thomas, Jennie L., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Cirisan, Ana, additional, Si, Meng, additional, Leaitch, W. Richard, additional, Murphy, Jennifer G., additional, Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., additional, Laskin, Alexander, additional, Girard, Eric, additional, and Bertram, Allan K., additional

Published
2019
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16. Elucidating real-world vehicle emission factors from mobile measurements over a large metropolitan region: a focus on isocyanic acid, hydrogen cyanide, and black carbon

Author

Wren, Sumi N., primary, Liggio, John, additional, Han, Yuemei, additional, Hayden, Katherine, additional, Lu, Gang, additional, Mihele, Cris M., additional, Mittermeier, Richard L., additional, Stroud, Craig, additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, and Brook, Jeffrey R., additional

Published
2018
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17. Ice-nucleating ability of aerosol particles and possible sources at three coastal marine sites

Author

Si, Meng, primary, Irish, Victoria E., additional, Mason, Ryan H., additional, Vergara-Temprado, Jesús, additional, Hanna, Sarah J., additional, Ladino, Luis A., additional, Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D., additional, Schiller, Corinne L., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., additional, Carslaw, Ken S., additional, Murray, Benjamin J., additional, and Bertram, Allan K., additional

Published
2018
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18. Supplementary material to "New insights into aerosol and climate in the Arctic"

Author

Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., primary, Leaitch, W. Richard, additional, Aliabadi, Amir A., additional, Bertram, Alan K., additional, Blanchet, Jean-Pierre, additional, Boivin-Rioux, Aude, additional, Bozem, Heiko, additional, Burkart, Julia, additional, Chang, Rachel Y. W., additional, Charette, Joannie, additional, Chaubey, Jai P., additional, Christensen, Robert J., additional, Cirisan, Ana, additional, Collins, Douglas B., additional, Croft, Betty, additional, Dionne, Joelle, additional, Evans, Greg J., additional, Fletcher, Christopher G., additional, Ghahreman, Roya, additional, Girard, Eric, additional, Gong, Wanmin, additional, Gosselin, Michel, additional, Gourdal, Margaux, additional, Hanna, Sarah J., additional, Hayashida, Hakase, additional, Herber, Andreas B., additional, Hesaraki, Sareh, additional, Hoor, Peter, additional, Huang, Lin, additional, Hussherr, Rachel, additional, Irish, Victoria E., additional, Keita, Setigui A., additional, Kodros, John K., additional, Köllner, Franziska, additional, Kolonjari, Felicia, additional, Kunkel, Daniel, additional, Ladino, Luis A., additional, Law, Kathy, additional, Levasseur, Maurice, additional, Libois, Quentin, additional, Liggio, John, additional, Lizotte, Martine, additional, Macdonald, Katrina M., additional, Mahmood, Rashed, additional, Martin, Randall V., additional, Mason, Ryan H., additional, Miller, Lisa A., additional, Moravek, Alexander, additional, Mortenson, Eric, additional, Mungall, Emma L., additional, Murphy, Jennifer G., additional, Namazi, Maryam, additional, Norman, Ann-Lise, additional, O'Neill, Norman T., additional, Pierce, Jeffrey R., additional, Russell, Lynn M., additional, Schneider, Johannes, additional, Schulz, Hannes, additional, Sharma, Sangeeta, additional, Si, Meng, additional, Staebler, Ralf M., additional, Steiner, Nadja S., additional, Galí, Martí, additional, Thomas, Jennie L., additional, von Salzen, Knut, additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Willis, Megan D., additional, Wentworth, Gregory R., additional, Xu, Jun-Wei, additional, and Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D., additional

Published
2018
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19. New insights into aerosol and climate in the Arctic

Author

Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., primary, Leaitch, W. Richard, additional, Aliabadi, Amir A., additional, Bertram, Alan K., additional, Blanchet, Jean-Pierre, additional, Boivin-Rioux, Aude, additional, Bozem, Heiko, additional, Burkart, Julia, additional, Chang, Rachel Y. W., additional, Charette, Joannie, additional, Chaubey, Jai P., additional, Christensen, Robert J., additional, Cirisan, Ana, additional, Collins, Douglas B., additional, Croft, Betty, additional, Dionne, Joelle, additional, Evans, Greg J., additional, Fletcher, Christopher G., additional, Ghahreman, Roya, additional, Girard, Eric, additional, Gong, Wanmin, additional, Gosselin, Michel, additional, Gourdal, Margaux, additional, Hanna, Sarah J., additional, Hayashida, Hakase, additional, Herber, Andreas B., additional, Hesaraki, Sareh, additional, Hoor, Peter, additional, Huang, Lin, additional, Hussherr, Rachel, additional, Irish, Victoria E., additional, Keita, Setigui A., additional, Kodros, John K., additional, Köllner, Franziska, additional, Kolonjari, Felicia, additional, Kunkel, Daniel, additional, Ladino, Luis A., additional, Law, Kathy, additional, Levasseur, Maurice, additional, Libois, Quentin, additional, Liggio, John, additional, Lizotte, Martine, additional, Macdonald, Katrina M., additional, Mahmood, Rashed, additional, Martin, Randall V., additional, Mason, Ryan H., additional, Miller, Lisa A., additional, Moravek, Alexander, additional, Mortenson, Eric, additional, Mungall, Emma L., additional, Murphy, Jennifer G., additional, Namazi, Maryam, additional, Norman, Ann-Lise, additional, O'Neill, Norman T., additional, Pierce, Jeffrey R., additional, Russell, Lynn M., additional, Schneider, Johannes, additional, Schulz, Hannes, additional, Sharma, Sangeeta, additional, Si, Meng, additional, Staebler, Ralf M., additional, Steiner, Nadja S., additional, Galí, Martí, additional, Thomas, Jennie L., additional, von Salzen, Knut, additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Willis, Megan D., additional, Wentworth, Gregory R., additional, Xu, Jun-Wei, additional, and Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D., additional

Published
2018
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20. Supplementary material to "Ice nucleating particles in the marine boundary layer in the Canadian Arctic during summer 2014"

Author

Irish, Victoria E., primary, Hanna, Sarah J., additional, Willis, Megan D., additional, China, Swarup, additional, Thomas, Jennie L., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Cirisan, Ana, additional, Si, Meng, additional, Leaitch, W. Richard, additional, Murphy, Jennifer G., additional, Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., additional, Laskin, Alexander, additional, Girard, Eric, additional, and Bertram, Allan K., additional

Published
2018
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21. Ice nucleating particles in the marine boundary layer in the Canadian Arctic during summer 2014

Author

Irish, Victoria E., primary, Hanna, Sarah J., additional, Willis, Megan D., additional, China, Swarup, additional, Thomas, Jennie L., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Cirisan, Ana, additional, Si, Meng, additional, Leaitch, W. Richard, additional, Murphy, Jennifer G., additional, Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., additional, Laskin, Alexander, additional, Girard, Eric, additional, and Bertram, Allan K., additional

Published
2018
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22. High gas-phase mixing ratios of formic and acetic acid in the High Arctic

Author

Mungall, Emma L., primary, Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Wentworth, Gregory R., additional, Murphy, Jennifer G., additional, Kunkel, Daniel, additional, Gute, Ellen, additional, Tarasick, David W., additional, Sharma, Sangeeta, additional, Cox, Christopher J., additional, Uttal, Taneil, additional, and Liggio, John, additional

Published
2018
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23. Supplementary material to "Elucidating real-world vehicle emission factors from mobile measurements over a large metropolitan region: a focus on isocyanic acid, hydrogen cyanide, and black carbon"

Author

Wren, Sumi N., primary, Liggio, John, additional, Han, Yuemei, additional, Hayden, Katherine, additional, Lu, Gang, additional, Mihele, Cris M., additional, Mittermeier, Richard L., additional, Stroud, Craig, additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, and Brook, Jeffrey R., additional

Published
2018
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24. Ice-nucleating efficiency of aerosol particles and possible sources at three coastal marine sites

Author

Si, Meng, primary, Irish, Victoria E., additional, Mason, Ryan H., additional, Vergara-Temprado, Jesús, additional, Hanna, Sarah, additional, Ladino, Luis A., additional, Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D., additional, Schiller, Corinne L., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., additional, Carslaw, Ken S., additional, Murray, Benjamin J., additional, and Bertram, Allan K., additional

Published
2018
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25. Supplementary material to "Ice-nucleating efficiency of aerosol particles and possible sources at three coastal marine sites"

Author

Si, Meng, primary, Irish, Victoria E., additional, Mason, Ryan H., additional, Vergara-Temprado, Jesús, additional, Hanna, Sarah, additional, Ladino, Luis A., additional, Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D., additional, Schiller, Corinne L., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., additional, Carslaw, Ken S., additional, Murray, Benjamin J., additional, and Bertram, Allan K., additional

Published
2018
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26. Supplementary material to "High gas-phase mixing ratios of formic and acetic acid in the High Arctic"

Author

Mungall, Emma L., primary, Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Wentworth, Gregory R., additional, Murphy, Jennifer G., additional, Kunkel, Daniel, additional, Gute, Ellen, additional, Tarasick, David W., additional, Sharma, Sangeeta, additional, Cox, Christopher J., additional, Uttal, Taneil, additional, and Liggio, John, additional

Published
2018
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27. Quantifying the Primary Emissions and Photochemical Formation of Isocyanic Acid Downwind of Oil Sands Operations

Author

Liggio, John, primary, Stroud, Craig A., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Zhang, Junhua, additional, Sommers, Jacob, additional, Darlington, Andrea, additional, Liu, Peter S. K., additional, Moussa, Samar G., additional, Leithead, Amy, additional, Hayden, Katherine, additional, Mittermeier, Richard L., additional, Staebler, Ralf, additional, Wolde, Mengistu, additional, and Li, Shao-Meng, additional

Published
2017
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28. Organic Condensation and Particle Growth to CCN Sizes in the Summertime Marine Arctic Is Driven by Materials More Semivolatile Than at Continental Sites

Author

Burkart, Julia, primary, Hodshire, Anna L., additional, Mungall, Emma L., additional, Pierce, Jeffrey R., additional, Collins, Douglas B., additional, Ladino, Luis A., additional, Lee, Alex K. Y., additional, Irish, Victoria, additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Liggio, John, additional, Papakyriakou, Tim, additional, Murphy, Jennifer, additional, and Abbatt, Jonathan, additional

Published
2017
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31. Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles

Author

DeMott, Paul J., primary, Hill, Thomas C. J., additional, McCluskey, Christina S., additional, Prather, Kimberly A., additional, Collins, Douglas B., additional, Sullivan, Ryan C., additional, Ruppel, Matthew J., additional, Mason, Ryan H., additional, Irish, Victoria E., additional, Lee, Taehyoung, additional, Hwang, Chung Yeon, additional, Rhee, Tae Siek, additional, Snider, Jefferson R., additional, McMeeking, Gavin R., additional, Dhaniyala, Suresh, additional, Lewis, Ernie R., additional, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., additional, Abbatt, Jonathan, additional, Lee, Christopher, additional, Sultana, Camille M., additional, Ault, Andrew P., additional, Axson, Jessica L., additional, Diaz Martinez, Myrelis, additional, Venero, Ingrid, additional, Santos-Figueroa, Gilmarie, additional, Stokes, M. Dale, additional, Deane, Grant B., additional, Mayol-Bracero, Olga L., additional, Grassian, Vicki H., additional, Bertram, Timothy H., additional, Bertram, Allan K., additional, Moffett, Bruce F., additional, and Franc, Gary D., additional

Published
2015
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32. Ice nucleating particles in the marine boundary layer in the Canadian Arctic during summer 2014.

Author

Irish, Victoria E., Hanna, Sarah J., Willis, Megan D., China, Swarup, Thomas, Jennie L., Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., Cirisan, Ana, Si, Meng, Leaitch, W. Richard, Murphy, Jennifer G., Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., Laskin, Alexander, Girard, Eric, and Bertram, Allan K.

Abstract

Ice nucleating particles (INPs) in the Arctic can influence climate and precipitation in the region; yet our understanding of the concentrations and sources of INPs in this region remain uncertain. In the following we (1) measured concentrations of INPs in the Canadian Arctic marine boundary layer during summer 2014 on board the CCGS Amundsen, (2) determined ratios of surface areas of mineral dust aerosol to sea spray aerosol, and (3) investigated the source region of the INPs using particle dispersion modelling. Average concentrations of INPs at -15, -20 and -25 °C were 0.005, 0.044, and 0.154 L-1, respectively. These concentrations fall within the range of INP concentrations measured in other marine environments. For the samples investigated the ratio of mineral dust surface area to sea spray surface area ranged from 0.03 to 0.09. Based on these ratios and the ice active surface site densities of mineral dust and sea spray aerosol determined in previous laboratory studies, our results suggest that mineral dust is a more important contributor to the INP population than sea spray aerosol for the samples analysed. Based on particle dispersion modelling, the highest concentrations of INPs were often associated with lower latitude source regions such as the Hudson Bay area, eastern Greenland, or northwestern continental Canada. On the other hand, the lowest concentrations were often associated with regions further north of the sampling sites and over Baffin Bay. A weak correlation was observed between INP concentrations and the time the air mass spent over bare land, and a weak negative correlation was observed between INP concentrations and the time the air mass spent over ice and open water. These combined results suggest that mineral dust from local sources is an important contributor to the INP population in the Canadian Arctic marine boundary layer during summer 2014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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33. Ice-nucleating efficiency of aerosol particles and possible sources at three coastal marine sites.

Author

Meng Si, Irish, Victoria E., Mason, Ryan H., Vergara-Temprado, Jesús, Hanna, Sarah, Ladino, Luis A., Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D., Schiller, Corinne L., Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., Carslaw, Ken S., Murray, Benjamin J., and Bertram, Allan K.

Abstract

Despite the importance of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) for climate and precipitation, our understanding of these particles is far from complete. Here, we investigated INPs at three coastal marine sites in Canada, two at mid-latitude (Amphitrite Point and Labrador Sea), and one in the Arctic (Lancaster Sound). At all three sites, the ice-nucleating efficiency on a per number basis (expressed as the fraction of aerosol particles acting as an INP) was strongly dependent on the size. For example, at diameters of around 0.2 µm, approximately 1 in 106 particles acted as an INP at −25 ºC, while at diameters of around 8 µm, approximately 1 in 10 particles acted as an INP at −25 ºC. The ice-nucleating efficiency on a per surface area basis (expressed as the surface active site density, ns) was also dependent on the size, with larger particles being more efficient at nucleating ice. The ns values of supermicron particles at Amphitrite Point and Labrador Sea were larger than previously measured ns values of sea spray aerosol, suggesting that sea spray aerosol was not a major contributor to the supermicron INP population at these two sites. Consistent with this observation, a global model of INP concentrations under-predicted the INP concentrations when assuming only marine organics as INPs. On the other hand, assuming only K-feldspar as INPs, the same model was able to reproduce the measurements at a freezing temperature of −25 ºC, but under-predicted INP concentrations at −15 ºC, suggesting that the model is missing a source of INPs active at a freezing temperature of −15 ºC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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34. Differences between measured and reported volatile organic compound emissions from oil sands facilities in Alberta, Canada.

Author

Shao-Meng Li, Leithead, Amy, Moussa, Samar G., Liggio, John, Moran, Michael D., Hayden, Katherine, Darlington, Andrea, Staebler, Ralf, Makar, Paul A., Stroud, Craig A., Liu, Peter S. K., O'Brien, Jason, Mittermeier, Richard L., Junhua Zhang, Marson, George, Cober, Stewart G., Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., Wang, Daniel, Gordon, Mark, and McLaren, Robert

Subjects
VOLATILE organic compounds, PETROLEUM, AIR pollution, OIL sands, OIL sands -- Environmental aspects, ENVIRONMENTAL management
Abstract

Large-scale oil production from oil sands deposits in Alberta, Canada has raised concerns about environmental impacts, such as the magnitude of air pollution emissions. This paper reports compound emission rates (E) for 69–89 nonbiogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for each of four surface mining facilities, determined with a top-down approach using aircraft measurements in the summer of 2013. The aggregate emission rate (aE) of the nonbiogenic VOCs ranged from 50 ± 14 to 70 ± 22 t/d depending on the facility. In comparison, equivalent VOC emission rates reported to the Canadian National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) using accepted estimation methods were lower than the aE values by factors of 2.0 ± 0.6, 3.1 ± 1.1, 4.5 ± 1.5, and 4.1 ± 1.6 for the four facilities, indicating underestimation in the reported VOC emissions. For 11 of the combined 93 VOC species reported by all four facilities, the reported emission rate and E were similar; but for the other 82 species, the reported emission rate was lower than E. The median ratio of E to that reported for all species by a facility ranged from 4.5 to 375 depending on the facility. Moreover, between 9 and 53 VOCs, for which there are existing reporting requirements to the NPRI, were not included in the facility emission reports. The comparisons between the emission reports and measurement-based emission rates indicate that improvements to VOC emission estimation methods would enhance the accuracy and completeness of emission estimates and their applicability to environmental impact assessments of oil sands developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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36. Overview paper: New insights into aerosol and climate in the Arctic

Author

Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., Leaitch, W. Richard, Aliabadi, Amir A., Bertram, Allan K., Blanchet, Jean-Pierre, Boivin-Rioux, Aude, Bozem, Heiko, Burkart, Julia, Chang, Rachel Y. W., Charette, Joannie, Chaubey, Jai P., Christensen, Robert J., Cirisan, Ana, Collins, Douglas B., Croft, Betty, Dionne, Joelle, Evans, Greg J., Fletcher, Christopher G., Galí, Martí, Ghahremaninezhad, Roghayeh, Girard, Eric, Gong, Wanmin, Gosselin, Michel, Gourdal, Margaux, Hanna, Sarah J., Hayashida, Hakase, Herber, Andreas B., Hesaraki, Sareh, Hoor, Peter, Huang, Lin, Hussherr, Rachel, Irish, Victoria E., Keita, Setigui A., Kodros, John K., Köllner, Franziska, Kolonjari, Felicia, Kunkel, Daniel, Ladino, Luis A., Law, Kathy, Levasseur, Maurice, Libois, Quentin, Liggio, John, Lizotte, Martine, Macdonald, Katrina M., Mahmood, Rashed, Martin, Randall V., Mason, Ryan H., Miller, Lisa A., Moravek, Alexander, Mortenson, Eric, Mungall, Emma L., Murphy, Jennifer G., Namazi, Maryam, Norman, Ann-Lise, O'Neill, Norman T., Pierce, Jeffrey R., Russell, Lynn M., Schneider, Johannes, Schulz, Hannes, Sharma, Sangeeta, Si, Meng, Staebler, Ralf M., Steiner, Nadja S., Thomas, Jennie L., von Salzen, Knut, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., Willis, Megan D., Wentworth, Gregory R., Xu, Jun-Wei, Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D., Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., Leaitch, W. Richard, Aliabadi, Amir A., Bertram, Allan K., Blanchet, Jean-Pierre, Boivin-Rioux, Aude, Bozem, Heiko, Burkart, Julia, Chang, Rachel Y. W., Charette, Joannie, Chaubey, Jai P., Christensen, Robert J., Cirisan, Ana, Collins, Douglas B., Croft, Betty, Dionne, Joelle, Evans, Greg J., Fletcher, Christopher G., Galí, Martí, Ghahremaninezhad, Roghayeh, Girard, Eric, Gong, Wanmin, Gosselin, Michel, Gourdal, Margaux, Hanna, Sarah J., Hayashida, Hakase, Herber, Andreas B., Hesaraki, Sareh, Hoor, Peter, Huang, Lin, Hussherr, Rachel, Irish, Victoria E., Keita, Setigui A., Kodros, John K., Köllner, Franziska, Kolonjari, Felicia, Kunkel, Daniel, Ladino, Luis A., Law, Kathy, Levasseur, Maurice, Libois, Quentin, Liggio, John, Lizotte, Martine, Macdonald, Katrina M., Mahmood, Rashed, Martin, Randall V., Mason, Ryan H., Miller, Lisa A., Moravek, Alexander, Mortenson, Eric, Mungall, Emma L., Murphy, Jennifer G., Namazi, Maryam, Norman, Ann-Lise, O'Neill, Norman T., Pierce, Jeffrey R., Russell, Lynn M., Schneider, Johannes, Schulz, Hannes, Sharma, Sangeeta, Si, Meng, Staebler, Ralf M., Steiner, Nadja S., Thomas, Jennie L., von Salzen, Knut, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., Willis, Megan D., Wentworth, Gregory R., Xu, Jun-Wei, and Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D.

Abstract

Motivated by the need to predict how the Arctic atmosphere will change in a warming world, this article summarizes recent advances made by the research consortium NETCARE (Network on Climate and Aerosols: Addressing Key Uncertainties in Remote Canadian Environments) that contribute to our fundamental understanding of Arctic aerosol particles as they relate to climate forcing. The overall goal of NETCARE research has been to use an interdisciplinary approach encompassing extensive field observations and a range of chemical transport, earth system, and biogeochemical models. Several major findings and advances have emerged from NETCARE since its formation in 2013. (1) Unexpectedly high summertime dimethyl sulfide (DMS) levels were identified in ocean water (up to 75 nM) and the overlying atmosphere (up to 1 ppbv) in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA). Furthermore, melt ponds, which are widely prevalent, were identified as an important DMS source (with DMS concentrations of up to 6 nM and a potential contribution to atmospheric DMS of 20 % in the study area). (2) Evidence of widespread particle nucleation and growth in the marine boundary layer was found in the CAA in the summertime, with these events observed on 41 % of days in a 2016 cruise. As well, at Alert, Nunavut, particles that are newly formed and grown under conditions of minimal anthropogenic influence during the months of July and August are estimated to contribute 20 % to 80 % of the 30–50 nm particle number density. DMS-oxidation-driven nucleation is facilitated by the presence of atmospheric ammonia arising from seabird-colony emissions, and potentially also from coastal regions, tundra, and biomass burning. Via accumulation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), a significant fraction of the new particles grow to sizes that are active in cloud droplet formation. Although the gaseous precursors to Arctic marine SOA remain poorly defined, the measured levels of common continental SOA precursors (isoprene

37. Overview paper: New insights into aerosol and climate in the Arctic

Author

Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., Leaitch, W. Richard, Aliabadi, Amir A., Bertram, Allan K., Blanchet, Jean-Pierre, Boivin-Rioux, Aude, Bozem, Heiko, Burkart, Julia, Chang, Rachel Y. W., Charette, Joannie, Chaubey, Jai P., Christensen, Robert J., Cirisan, Ana, Collins, Douglas B., Croft, Betty, Dionne, Joelle, Evans, Greg J., Fletcher, Christopher G., Galí, Martí, Ghahremaninezhad, Roghayeh, Girard, Eric, Gong, Wanmin, Gosselin, Michel, Gourdal, Margaux, Hanna, Sarah J., Hayashida, Hakase, Herber, Andreas B., Hesaraki, Sareh, Hoor, Peter, Huang, Lin, Hussherr, Rachel, Irish, Victoria E., Keita, Setigui A., Kodros, John K., Köllner, Franziska, Kolonjari, Felicia, Kunkel, Daniel, Ladino, Luis A., Law, Kathy, Levasseur, Maurice, Libois, Quentin, Liggio, John, Lizotte, Martine, Macdonald, Katrina M., Mahmood, Rashed, Martin, Randall V., Mason, Ryan H., Miller, Lisa A., Moravek, Alexander, Mortenson, Eric, Mungall, Emma L., Murphy, Jennifer G., Namazi, Maryam, Norman, Ann-Lise, O'Neill, Norman T., Pierce, Jeffrey R., Russell, Lynn M., Schneider, Johannes, Schulz, Hannes, Sharma, Sangeeta, Si, Meng, Staebler, Ralf M., Steiner, Nadja S., Thomas, Jennie L., von Salzen, Knut, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., Willis, Megan D., Wentworth, Gregory R., Xu, Jun-Wei, Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D., Abbatt, Jonathan P. D., Leaitch, W. Richard, Aliabadi, Amir A., Bertram, Allan K., Blanchet, Jean-Pierre, Boivin-Rioux, Aude, Bozem, Heiko, Burkart, Julia, Chang, Rachel Y. W., Charette, Joannie, Chaubey, Jai P., Christensen, Robert J., Cirisan, Ana, Collins, Douglas B., Croft, Betty, Dionne, Joelle, Evans, Greg J., Fletcher, Christopher G., Galí, Martí, Ghahremaninezhad, Roghayeh, Girard, Eric, Gong, Wanmin, Gosselin, Michel, Gourdal, Margaux, Hanna, Sarah J., Hayashida, Hakase, Herber, Andreas B., Hesaraki, Sareh, Hoor, Peter, Huang, Lin, Hussherr, Rachel, Irish, Victoria E., Keita, Setigui A., Kodros, John K., Köllner, Franziska, Kolonjari, Felicia, Kunkel, Daniel, Ladino, Luis A., Law, Kathy, Levasseur, Maurice, Libois, Quentin, Liggio, John, Lizotte, Martine, Macdonald, Katrina M., Mahmood, Rashed, Martin, Randall V., Mason, Ryan H., Miller, Lisa A., Moravek, Alexander, Mortenson, Eric, Mungall, Emma L., Murphy, Jennifer G., Namazi, Maryam, Norman, Ann-Lise, O'Neill, Norman T., Pierce, Jeffrey R., Russell, Lynn M., Schneider, Johannes, Schulz, Hannes, Sharma, Sangeeta, Si, Meng, Staebler, Ralf M., Steiner, Nadja S., Thomas, Jennie L., von Salzen, Knut, Wentzell, Jeremy J. B., Willis, Megan D., Wentworth, Gregory R., Xu, Jun-Wei, and Yakobi-Hancock, Jacqueline D.

Abstract

Motivated by the need to predict how the Arctic atmosphere will change in a warming world, this article summarizes recent advances made by the research consortium NETCARE (Network on Climate and Aerosols: Addressing Key Uncertainties in Remote Canadian Environments) that contribute to our fundamental understanding of Arctic aerosol particles as they relate to climate forcing. The overall goal of NETCARE research has been to use an interdisciplinary approach encompassing extensive field observations and a range of chemical transport, earth system, and biogeochemical models. Several major findings and advances have emerged from NETCARE since its formation in 2013. (1) Unexpectedly high summertime dimethyl sulfide (DMS) levels were identified in ocean water (up to 75 nM) and the overlying atmosphere (up to 1 ppbv) in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA). Furthermore, melt ponds, which are widely prevalent, were identified as an important DMS source (with DMS concentrations of up to 6 nM and a potential contribution to atmospheric DMS of 20 % in the study area). (2) Evidence of widespread particle nucleation and growth in the marine boundary layer was found in the CAA in the summertime, with these events observed on 41 % of days in a 2016 cruise. As well, at Alert, Nunavut, particles that are newly formed and grown under conditions of minimal anthropogenic influence during the months of July and August are estimated to contribute 20 % to 80 % of the 30–50 nm particle number density. DMS-oxidation-driven nucleation is facilitated by the presence of atmospheric ammonia arising from seabird-colony emissions, and potentially also from coastal regions, tundra, and biomass burning. Via accumulation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), a significant fraction of the new particles grow to sizes that are active in cloud droplet formation. Although the gaseous precursors to Arctic marine SOA remain poorly defined, the measured levels of common continental SOA precursors (isoprene

38. Chloramines as an important photochemical source of chlorine atoms in the urban atmosphere.

Author

Wang C, Liggio J, Wentzell JJB, Jorga S, Folkerson A, and Abbatt JPD

Abstract

Monochloramine, dichloramine and trichloramine (NH 2 Cl, NHCl 2 , NCl 3 ) are measured in the ambient atmosphere, in downtown Toronto in summer (median 39, 15 and 2.8 ppt) and winter (median 11, 7.3 and 0.7 ppt). NCl 3 and NHCl 2 were also measured in summer (median 1.3 and 14 ppt) from a suburban Toronto location. Measurements at two locations demonstrate prevalence of chloramines in an urban atmosphere. At both sites, NCl 3 exhibits a strong diel pattern with maximum values during the night, and photolytic loss with sunrise. At the downtown site, a strong positive correlation between NH 2 Cl and NHCl 2 in the summer night indicates a common source, with daily average peak mixing ratios approaching 500 and 250 ppt, respectively. As a previously unidentified source of chlorine (Cl) atoms, we demonstrate that NCl 3 photolysis contributes 49 to 82% of the total local summertime Cl production rate at different times during the day with an average noontime peak of 3.8 × 10 5 atoms/cm 3 /s, with smaller contributions from ClNO 2 and Cl 2 . Photolysis of NH 2 Cl and NHCl 2 may augment this Cl production rate. Our measurements also demonstrate a daytime enhancement of chloroacetone in both the summer and winter, demonstrating the importance of Cl photochemistry. The results suggest that chloramines are an important source of Cl atoms in urban areas, with potential impacts on the abundance of organic compounds, ozone, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. Future studies should explore the vertical gradients of chloramines and their contribution to Cl production throughout the boundary layer.

Published
2023
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