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BackgroundDespite increasing demand for treatment among cannabis users in many countries, most users are not in treatment. Internet-based self-help offers an alternative for those hesitant to seek face-to-face therapy, though low effectiveness and adherence issues often arise. ObjectiveThrough adherence-focused guidance enhancement, we aimed to increase adherence to and the effectiveness of internet-based self-help among cannabis users. MethodsFrom July 2016 to May 2019, cannabis users (n=775; male: 406/575, 70.6%, female: 169/575, 29.4%; age: mean 28.3 years) not in treatment were recruited from the general population and were randomly assigned to (1) an adherence-focused guidance enhancement internet-based self-help intervention with social presence, (2) a similar intervention with an impersonal service team, and (3) access to internet as usual. Controls who were placed on a waiting list for the full intervention after 3 months underwent an assessment and had access to internet as usual. The primary outcome measurement was cannabis-use days over the preceding 30 days. Secondary outcomes included cannabis-dependence severity, changes in common mental disorder symptoms, and intervention adherence. Differences between the study arms in primary and secondary continuous outcome variables at baseline, posttreatment, and follow-up were tested using pooled linear models. ResultsAll groups exhibited reduced cannabis-use days after 3 months (social presence: –8.2 days; service team: –9.8 days; internet as usual: –4.2 days). The participants in the service team group (P=.01, d=.60) reported significantly fewer cannabis-use days than those in the internet as usual group; the reduction of cannabis use in the social presence group was not significant (P=.07, d=.40). There was no significant difference between the 2 intervention groups regarding cannabis-use reduction. The service team group also exhibited superior improvements in cannabis-use disorder, cannabis-dependence severity, and general anxiety symptoms after 3 months to those in the internet as usual group. ConclusionsThe adherence-focused guidance enhancement internet-based self-help intervention with an impersonal service team significantly reduced cannabis use, cannabis-use disorder, dependence severity, and general anxiety symptoms. Trial RegistrationISRCTN Registry ISRCTN11086185; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11086185

Background  A surgical report is the surgeon's postoperative documentation of the procedure undertaken. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the completeness and accuracy of data extracted from surgical reports, using the example of Dupuytren's disease. Material and Methods  Between 1999 and 2007, surgical data were retrospectively collected from all primary Dupuytren's disease procedures performed at an academic department for plastic and reconstructive surgery and analysed for completeness. A surgical report was assessed as complete if data on indication, affected side and finger(s), tourniquet, type of incision and surgical procedure were stated. Surgical reports of residents and consultants were compared with respect to completeness. For the assessment of accuracy, total fasciectomy procedure reports were compared with intra- and postoperative photo-documentation. Results  424 surgical reports of 366 patients were analysed, 275 created by consultants, 149 by residents. Although 49.5 % of all surgical reports were complete, the indication for surgery was omitted in 53 cases. Information on the affected side and finger(s) was missing in 13 and 6 cases, respectively. In 29 reports, no documentation on tourniquet was found, in 5 the surgical method and in 82 reports the type of incision was lacking. A significant difference between surgical reports of residents and consultants was found for documentation of indication and severity of the Dupuytren's disease, as well as the tourniquet, in favour of residents (p < 0.0001). In 37 surgical reports, total fasciectomy was performed, 26 with intra- or postoperative photodocumentation. By comparison, in 11 of 26 cases (42 %), total fasciectomy could not have been performed. Conclusion  Surgical reports are sometimes incomplete and imprecise, independently of whether they were created by residents or consultants. Although they are intended as documentation for doctors and not for forensic reasons, it should be in the surgeon's interest to create complete and exact reports. As surgical reports are part of the patient's chart, surgical associations should develop guidlines with information that should manditorily included in surgical reports., Competing Interests: Interessenkonflikt: Die Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)