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A new amide, pipertaiwanamide (1), has been isolated from the aerial part of Piper taiwanense, together with four known compounds, taiwanamide A (2), taiwanamide B (3), 1-cinnamoylpyrrolidine (4), and N-cinnamoyltyramine (5). The structure of the new compound 1 was determined through spectroscopic and MS analyses. Pipertaiwanamide (1) and N-cinnamoyltyramine (5) exhibited free radical scavenging activity, with IC0.200 values of 12.6 ± 1.4 and 8.5 ± 0.8 𝜇M, respectively, in the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) decoloration assay.

A new xanthone, garcisubellone (1), has been isolated from the roots of Garcinia subelliptica, together with three known compounds, subelliptenone E (2), 1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (3), and 1,4,5-trihydroxyxanthone (4). The structure of the new compound 1 was determined through spectroscopic and MS analyses. Garcisubellone (1) and 1,4,5-trihydroxyxanthone (4) exhibited potent inhibition, with IC50 values of 18.3 ± 2.2 and 15.6 ± 2.8 μM, respectively, against formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-Lphenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide anion (O2·–) generation.

A new 2H-pyran-2-one derivative, 4-hydroxy-6-(4-methoxyphenethyl)-2H-pyran-2-one (1), together with four known compounds, 5,6-dehydrokawain (2), dihydro-5,6-dehydrokawain (3), (E)-labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (4), and quercetin (5) were isolated from the rhizomes of Alpinia zerumbet. (E)-Labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (4) and quercetin (5) exhibited potent inhibition, with IC50 values of 3.18 ± 1.13 and 1.17 ± 0.13 μg/mL, respectively, against formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide anion (O 2 − ) generation.

A new labdane-type diterpenoid, hedychiumin (1), has been isolated from the aerial part of Hedychium coronarium, together with five known compounds, (+)-coronarin A (2), (E)-15,16-bisnorlabda-8(17),11-dien-13-one (3), calcaratarin A (4), β-sitostenone (5), and stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (6). The structure of the new compound 1 was determined through spectroscopic and MS analyses. Among the isolates, hedychiumin (1) exhibited cytotoxicity, with IC50 value of 4.74 μg/mL, against P388D1 cell line.

A new benzenoid, propyl 7-methoxybenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5-carboxylate (1), has been isolated from the stems of Capparis acutifolia, together with five known compounds, rutin (2), 3β-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one (3), 6β-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one (4), sitosterol trans-ferulate (5), and sitosterol cis-ferulate (6). The structure of the new compound 1 was determined through spectroscopic and MS analyses. Rutin (2) exhibited potent inhibition, with IC50 value of 1.26 ± 0.15 μg/mL, against formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide anion (O2 ·–) generation.

A new aporphine alkaloid, (+)-(6aR,7R)-7-hydroxy-N-butyrylcaaverine ( 1 ), has been isolated from the roots of Illigera luzonensis. The structure of the new compound 1 was determined through spectroscopic and MS analyses.

A new taxoid, taxusumatrin (1), has been isolated from the stem bark of Taxus sumatrana, together with six known compounds, taxinine J (2), baccatin VI (3), 2α,5α,7β,10β-tetraacetoxy-taxa-4(20),11-diene (4), β-sitosterol (5), β-sitostenone (6), and 6β-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one (7). The structure of new compound 1 was determined through spectroscopic and MS analyses.

A new amide, beilschamide (1), has been isolated from the stem of Beilschmiedia erythrophloia, together with seven known compounds, N-trans-feruloyltyramine (2), N-trans-feruloyloctopamine (3), vanillin (4), α-tocopheryl quinone (5), β-sitostenone (6), β-sitosterol (7), and 6α-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one (8). The structure of the new compound 1 was determined through spectroscopic and MS analyses. N-trans-Feruloyloctopamine (3) and beilschamide (1) exhibited cytotoxic effects with IC50 values of 10.3 and 21.2 μg/mL, respectively, against CCRF-CEM cell line.

A new dihydroagarofuran-based sesquiterpene, microjaponin (1), was isolated from the stem of Microtropis japonica. Its structure was determined by in-depth spectroscopic and mass-spectrometric analyses. Microjaponin (1) exhibited potent in vitro antituberculosis activity, with an MIC value of 12.5 μg/ml against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 Rv.

A new benzo[c]phenanthridine, oxynorchelerythrine (1), and two new benzenoid derivatives, methyl 4-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3-methyl-4-oxobutoxy)benzoate (2) and (E)-methyl 4-(4-((Z)-3-methoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl)phenoxy)-2-methylbut-2-enoate (3), have been isolated from the twigs of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, together with 11 known compounds (4–14). The structures of these new compounds were determined through spectroscopic and MS analyses. Among the isolated compounds, decarine (4), (−)-syringaresinol (6), (+)-episesamin (8), glaberide I (9), (−)-dihydrocubebin (10), and xanthyletin (11) exhibited potent inhibition (IC50 values ≤ 4.79 µg/mL) of superoxide anion generation by human nutrophils in response to N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB). Compounds 4, 8, and 11 also inhibited fMLP/CB-induced elastase release with IC50 values ≤ 5.48 µg/mL.

A new phosphorus-containing polycyclic bismaleimide resin (BMPI) was prepared by the reaction of bis(3-maleimidophenyl) methylphosphine oxide (BAMP) with benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTD) and maleic anhydride (MA). BMPI was confirmed by infrared (IR), 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopies. Its thermal properties were carried out by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) that revealed that the polymers have excellent thermal properties in the high temperature region and a high char yield of up to 53∼65%. Furthermore, three conventional bismaleimide resins were prepared from different phosphorus-free bismaleimides for comparison, e.g. 4,4′-bismaleimidodiphenylmethane (BDM), 4,4′-bismaleimidodiphenylether (BDE), 4,4′-bismaleimidodiphenylsulfone (BDS).

A new limonoid, swietemacrophin (1), was isolated from the seeds of Swietenia macrophylla, together with five known compounds 2–6. The structure of 1 was determined through extensive 1D/2D-NMR and mass-spectrometric analyses. Swietemacrophin (1), humilinolide F (2), 3,6-O,O-diacetylswietenolide (3), 3-O-tigloylswietenolide (4), and swietemahonin E (5) exhibited inhibition (IC50 values ≤ 45.44 μM) of superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP). Compounds 1, 4, 5, and swietenine (6) showed potent inhibition with IC50 values ≤ 36.32 μM, against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) generation.

Six aporphine alkaloids, (+)-( S )- N -butyrylcaaverine ( 1 ), (+)-( S )- N -propionylcaaverine ( 2 ), (+)-( S )- N -acetylcaaverine ( 3 ), (+)-(6a R ,7 R )- N -butyrylnorushinsunine ( 4 ), (+)-(6a R ,7 R,E )- N -(but-2-enoyl)norushinsunine ( 5 ), and N -formyldehydrocaaverine ( 6 ) were isolated from the roots of Illigera luzonensis , together with 16 known compounds. Their structures were determined through spectroscopic and MS analyses. Among the isolates, (−)-deoxypodophyllotoxin ( 13 ) was the most cytotoxic, with IC 50 values of 0.0057, 0.0067, 0.00004, and 0.0035 μg/mL, respectively, against DLD-1, CCRF-CEM, HL-60, and IMR-32 cell lines. In addition, (−)-yatein ( 12 ) exhibited cytotoxic effects, with IC 50 values of 0.81, 0.20, and 0.59 μg/mL, respectively, against DLD-1, CCRF-CEM, and HL-60 cell lines.

Chemical investigation on the rhizoma of Liparis nakaharai resulted in the isolation of a new phenanthrene, 7-hydroxy-2,3,4-trimethoxyphenanthrene (1), and three new prenylated benzoic acids, liparacids A (2), B (3), and C (4), together with four known compounds, moscatin, nudol, batatasin III, and 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis.

isolation, structure elucidation and cytotoxic activities of two new thymol derivatives, (I) and (II), along with six known compounds

Muntingia calabura (Tiliaceae) is commercially used in healthcare for the improvement of hypertension, myocardial infarction, spasm, and inflammatory conditions. Its fruits can be processed into jam and the leaves can be used for making tea. In the work reported herein a new biflavan, (M),(2S),(2''S)-,(P),(2S),(2''S)-7,8,3',4',5',7'',8'',3''',4''',5'''-decamethoxy-5,5'' biflavan (1), a new flavone, 4'-hydroxy-7,8,3',5'-tetramethoxyflavone (2), and a new dihydrochalcone, (R)-2',β-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxydihydrochalcone (3), have been isolated from the stem wood of M. calabura, together with 12 known compounds (4–15). The structures of these new compounds were elucidated by the interpretations of extensive spectroscopic data. Among the isolated compounds, 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (5), quercetin (6), and (2S)-7-hydroxyflavanone (10) exhibited potent inhibition of fMLP-induced superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils, with IC50 values of 1.77 ± 0.70, 3.82 ± 0.46, and 4.92 ± 1.71 μM, respectively.

Two new biphenyl-type neolignan derivatives, 2-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-4-(prop-2-en-1-yl)phenol (1) and 2'-ethoxy-5,5'-di(prop-2-en-1-yl)biphenyl-2-ol (2), were isolated from the twigs of Magnolia denudata, together with six known compounds (3-8). The structures of 1 and 2 were determined through extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR and mass-spectrometric analyses. Magnolol (6) and honokiol (7) exhibited potent inhibition (IC50 values=4.4±0.2 and 0.71±0.13 μg/ml, resp.) of O$\rm{{_{2}^{{^\cdot} -}}}$ generation by human nutrophils in response to N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB). In addition, 2-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1-benzofuran-5-yl]-4-(prop-2-en-1-yl)phenol (1), 2'-ethoxy-5,5'-di(prop-2-en-1-yl)biphenyl-2-ol (2), magnolol (6), and vanillic acid (8) inhibited fMLP/CB-induced elastase release with IC50 values=6.4±1.5, 2.4±0.4, 1.5±0.2, and 4.8±0.5 μg/ml, respectively.

Two new thymol ( ¼ 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)phenol) derivatives, 8,10-didehydro-9-(3-methylbu- tanoyl)thymol 3-O-tiglate (1) and 9-O-angeloyl-8-methoxythymol 3-O-isobutyrate (2), were isolated from the root of Eupatorium cannabinum ssp. asiaticum, together with six known compounds, 3 - 8 .T he structures of 1 and 2 were determined through extensive 1D/2D-NMR and MS analyses. Among the isolates, 9-acetoxy-8,10-epoxythymol 3-O-tiglate (3) was the most cytotoxic, with IC50 values of 0.02 � 0.01, 1.02 � 0.07, and 1.36 � 0.12 mg/ml, respectively, against DLD-1, CCRF-CEM, and HL-60 cell lines. In addition, 10-acetoxy-9-O-angeloyl-8-hydroxythymol (4) and eupatobenzofuran (6) exhibited cytotox- icities, with IC50 values of 1.14 � 0.16 and 2.63 � 0.22, and 7.63 � 0.94 and 2.31 � 0.14 mg/ml, respectively, against DLD-1 and CCRF-CEM cell lines.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and granule proteases produced by human neutrophils contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. The MeOH extract of the stem bark of Magnolia officinalis showed potent inhibitory effects on superoxide anion generation and elastase release by human neutrophils in response to formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB). Five biphenyl-type neolignan derivatives, 5-allyl-5′-(1″-hydroxyallyloxy)biphenyl-2,2′-diol, 5,5′-diallyl-2′-(allyloxy)biphenyl-2-ol, 5,5′-diallyl-2′-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)biphenyl-2-ol, ( E )-5-allyl-3′-(prop-1-enyl)biphenyl-2,4′-diol, and 4-allyl-2-(2′-methylbenzofuran-5′-yl)phenol, have been isolated from the stem bark of M. officinalis , together with 12 known compounds. Several exhibited inhibition (IC 50 values ⩽ 10.7 μM) of superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to fMLP/CB. Others inhibited fMLP/CB-induced elastase release with IC 50 values ⩽ 8.76 μM.