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Weijun Wan,1,2,* Yunjing Pan,1,2,* Jinshu Pang,1,2 Xiumei Bai,1,2 Lipeng Li,1,2 Tong Kang,1,2 Jiamin Chen,1,2 Rong Wen,1 Dongyue Wen,1 Hong Yang,1– 3 Yun He1,2 1Department of Medical Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People’s Republic of China; 2Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor/Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China; 3Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical Bioresource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yun He; Hong Yang, Department of Medical Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People’s Republic of China, Email heyun@stu.gxmu.edu.cn; yanghong@gxmu.edu.cnPurpose: The explosive progression of residual hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following incomplete thermal ablation is challenging, and the underlying mechanisms require further exploration. We investigated the mechanism by which Forkhead box P4 (FOXP4) promotes the malignant transformation of residual HCC cells through N-deacetylase and N-sulfotransferase 2 (NDST2) after incomplete thermal ablation.Methods: The clinical significance of FOXP4 and NDST2 in HCC was evaluated using big data analysis. FOXP4 expression was detected in clinical samples of HCC. The gene expression levels in an in vitro heat-stressed HCC cell model were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting. The effects of the genes on heat-stressed HCC cells were investigated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), scratch, Transwell migration, and invasion assays. Additionally, the regulatory relationship between FOXP4 and NDST2 was validated using the Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation (CUT&Tag) experiments and phenotypic assays.Results: High FOXP4 expression was correlated with liver cancer occurrence and development. In the heat-stressed HCC cell model, downregulating FOXP4 inhibited cancer cell progression. Besides, there was a positive association between FOXP4 and NDST2 in liver cancer. Suppressing FOXP4 reduced NDST2 expression in the heat-stressed HCC cells. Furthermore, reducing NDST2 expression weakened the biological behavior of heat-stressed HCC cells.Conclusion: FOXP4 and NDST2 are crucial in the incomplete thermal ablation of residual cancer. FOXP4 might regulate the biological progression of residual HCC after incomplete thermal ablation through NDST2.Keywords: ablation therapy, gene expression regulation, cancer inhibition, hepatocellular carcinoma

Weiju Lai,1,* Jiajian Yu,2,* Diguang Wen3 1Central Laboratory, Chongqing FuLing Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hepatobiliary, Chongqing Fuling Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 3Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Diguang Wen, Email 2018110626@stu.cqmu.edu.cn; 2021140052@stu.cqmu.edu.cnBackground: Liver ischemia-reperfusion is one of the common complications after liver surgery. Uncontrolled liver ischemia-reperfusion will lead to many serious consequences such as surgical failure. It is an urgent clinical problem to search for diagnostic markers and explore its potential pathogenesis.Methods: In this study, we focus on 1411 candidate RNA binding protein. Through several GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) online datasets, we construct a diagnostic model and perform interactive validation. We evaluate the efficacy of the prognostic model. Using bioinformatics methods, we predicted the relevant signaling pathways of liver ischemia-reperfusion and key genes. We also evaluated the association of RNA binding protein with immune cell infiltration. Single cell sequencing datasets were used to explore the expression profiles of key genes at the single cell level. Machine learning algorithm is used to predict key gene RNA binding domains.Results: ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) and DCA (Decision Curve Analysis) curves showed that the above diagnostic model had good and stable diagnostic efficacy and clinical practicability. We identified three key genes (BTG2, CCNL1 and DNAJB1) in liver ischemia-reperfusion. DNAJB1, BTG2 and CCNL1 are mainly expressed in immune cells such as macrophages and T cells, and are closely related to inflammatory pathways such as TNF-α, highlighting their importance in hepatic ischemia reperfusion. We identified RNA-binding domains of the above three genes. We found that the expression of DNAJB1, CCNL1 and BTG2 in the ischemia-reperfusion group were significantly higher than those in the sham operation group.Conclusion: Our study revealed the importance of the candidate RNA binding protein in liver ischemia reperfusion injury and provided new insights into the therapeutic of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.Keywords: RBPs, liver ischemia reperfusion injury, bioinformatics

Jiali Liu,1,&ast; Yuanqiang Zhu,1,&ast; Yingjuan Chang,1,&ast; Ziliang Xu,1 Chen Wang,1 Pengpeng Zhang,1 Shuangxin Li,1 Wenxuan Yang,1 Rui An,1,2 Didi Wen,1 Jian Xu,1,2 Minwen Zheng1 1Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Interventional Surgery Center, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Minwen Zheng, Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127&num; Changle West Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-29-84775421, Fax +86-29-84773732, Email zhengmw2007@163.com Jian Xu, Department of Interventional Surgery Center, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127&num; Changle West Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-29-84775299, Fax +86-29-84775299, Email xujian771939@163.comPurpose: While prior research has highlighted a significant association between sleep characteristics and angina pectoris (AP) incidence, the link between sleep efficiency (SE) and angina remains unexplored. This study seeks to elucidate the relationship between AP and objectively quantified SE.Patients and Methods: We examined a cohort of 2990 participants (1320 males and 1670 females; mean age 63.69 ± 13.2 years) from the Sleep Heart Health Study. The main exposure variable was SE, as determined by baseline home polysomnography, while the primary outcome was the first incidence of angina pectoris (AP) during the period between the baseline polysomnography and the end of follow-up. A multivariate Cox regression model was utilized, controlling for factors such as age, gender, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption habits, diabetes, hypertension, sleep duration, triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, apnea-hypopnea index, nocturnal oxygen saturation, to analyze the relationship between SE and AP.Results: During an average follow-up of 11 years, 284 patients developed AP. The unadjusted Kaplan-Meier analysis identified the 2nd quartile of SE as having the lowest AP risk. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated a higher risk of AP in quartile 1 (HR, 1.679; 95% CI, 1.109– 2.542; P < 0.014) and quartile 3 (HR, 1.503; 95% CI, 1.037– 2.179; P < 0.031), compared to quartile 2 of SE. Upon stratified analysis, this relationship was particularly pronounced in hypertensive individuals.Conclusion: Our results highlight the critical role of optimal sleep efficiency in mitigating the risk of angina pectoris, especially among hypertensive individuals.Keywords: sleep efficiency, angina pectoris, polysomnography, cardiovascular risk, sleep heart health study, hypertension

Sijian Chen,1,2 Honghe Li,1 Deliang Wen1 1Institute for International Health Professions Education and Research, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Deliang Wen, Institute for International Health Professions Education and Research, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People’s Republic of China, Email dlwen@cmu.edu.cnBackground: Sleep problems have become a serious threat to public health worldwide. Daytime sleepiness is an important indicator of many sleep problems, which have a significant impact on academic performance, physical and mental health, and wellbeing among medical students. We aimed to explore the factors associated with daytime sleepiness among medical students.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 466 medical students recruited via convenience sampling. Self-rated psychometric scales, including the Social Support Rate Scale, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Chinese version of the UCLA loneliness scale, and the Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI), were utilized to evaluate social support, daytime sleepiness, loneliness, and problematic smartphone use. A sequential mediation model was constructed with daytime sleepiness as the dependent variable, social support as the independent variable, and loneliness and problematic smartphone use as mediating variables. Age, gender, and grade were taken as covariates.Results: Social support among medical students was negatively associated with loneliness, problematic smartphone use, and daytime sleepiness (p < 0.01). A sequential mediation analysis showed that loneliness (the first mediator) and problematic smartphone use (the second mediator) sequentially mediated the path from social support to daytime sleepiness among medical students (β = − 0.008; 95% CI = − 0.016, − 0.002). Moreover, there were also significant mediating roles observed in the relationship between social support and daytime sleepiness via loneliness only (β = − 0.037; 95% CI = − 0.062, − 0.015) and problematic smartphone use only (β = − 0.022; 95% CI = − 0.041, − 0.008).Conclusion: Social support, loneliness, and problematic smartphone use among medical students influenced their daytime sleepiness. Interventions targeting medical student loneliness and problematic smartphone use behaviors might attenuate the effects from low levels of social support and further improve daytime sleepiness.Keywords: social support, daytime sleepiness, loneliness, problematic smartphone use

Sijian Chen,1,2 Honghe Li,1 Lihong Pang,3 Deliang Wen1 1Institute for International Health Professions Education and Research, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Nursing, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Deliang Wen, Institute for International Health Professions Education and Research, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People’s Republic of China, Email dlwen@cmu.edu.cnObjective: This study aimed to examine the mediating role of fear of missing out (FoMO) and the moderating role of resilience in the association between social media use and negative emotions among medical college students in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.Participants and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted, medical college students from Qiqihar Medical University, China participated in the study. A total of 470 medical college students were recruited voluntarily to complete questionnaires on social media use, FoMO, resilience, and negative emotions.Results: Social media use was positively associated with FoMO and negative emotions among medical students (p < 0.01). The total effect of social media use on negative emotions was significant (β = 1.101, SE = 0.079, p < 0.001). Social media use had no significant direct effect on negative emotions (β = 0.168, SE = 0.096, p > 0.05), but it had an indirect effect on negative emotions via mediation of FoMO (β = 0.933, SE = 0.106, 95% CI: 0.731 to 1.149). Moreover, resilience had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between FoMO and negative emotions (β = − 0.021, SE = 0.005, 95% CI: − 0.032 to − 0.012). FoMO had a significant positive predictive effect on negative emotions at both levels of resilience (low resilience individuals: β = 1.079, SE = 0.076, p < 0.001; high resilience individuals: β = 0.212, SE = 0.094, p < 0.05).Conclusion: Social media use and FoMO may be risk factors for increased negative emotions, and resilience should be considered in prevention and intervention strategies designed to mitigate negative emotions among medical college students.Keywords: social media use, negative emotions, fear of missing out, resilience, COVID-19

Qirong Lu,1,&ast; Wantong Han,1,&ast; Defeng Wen,1,&ast; Pu Guo,1 Yu Liu,1 Zhongyuan Wu,1 Shulin Fu,1 Chun Ye,1 Xu Wang,2 Yinsheng Qiu1 1Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China; 2National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Pu Guo; Yinsheng Qiu, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430023, People’s Republic of China, Email guopu@whpu.edu.cn; qiuyinsheng6405@whpu.edu.cnBackground: At present, the treatment and prevention of Pasteurella multocida infections in pigs mainly rely on antibiotics and vaccines, but inflammatory injury cannot be eliminated. The compound 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. root (liquorice) and with a chemical structure similar to that of steroidal hormones, has become a research focus because of its anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effects, but its potential for the treatment of vascular endothelial inflammatory injury by P. multocida infections has not been evaluated. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of GA intervention in the treatment of vascular endothelial inflammatory injury by P. multocida infections.Materials and Methods: Putative targets of GA intervention in the treatment of vascular endothelial inflammatory injury by P. multocida infections were identified using network pharmacological screening and molecular docking simulation. The cell viability of PIEC cells was investigated via the CCK-8 assay. The mechanism of GA intervention in the treatment of vascular endothelial inflammatory injury by P. multocida infections were investigated using cell transfection and western blot.Results: Through network pharmacological screening and molecular docking simulation, this study found that PARP1 may be a core target for GA to exert anti-inflammatory effects. Mechanistically, GA alleviates P. multocida-induced vascular endothelial inflammation by PARP1-mediated NF-κB and HMGB1 signalling suppression.Conclusion: These findings, for the first time, demonstrate the potential therapeutic relationship among GA, PARP1 and inflammatory injury, providing a candidate drug, therapeutic targets and explanation for treating vascular endothelial inflammatory injury caused by P. multocida infection.Keywords: network pharmacology, GA, PARP1, inflammatory injury, P. multocida infection

Jie Wang,1,2 Lina Yang,2 Jialing You,2 Dada Wen,2 Bo Yang,2 Canhua Jiang1 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Canhua JiangDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-731-89753046Email wj0988@csu.edu.cnObjective: To explore the effect of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) on oral mucosal fibroblast autophagy and further elucidate the molecular mechanism by which PDGF-BB regulates the biological behavior of oral mucosal fibroblasts by inducing autophagy.Methods: Primary oral mucosal fibroblasts were isolated and cultured by the tissue block and trypsin methods and identified by indirect immunofluorescence vimentin detection. We detected the autophagy marker Beclin-1 and fibrosis marker Col-I of the primary oral mucosal fibroblasts at different time points after stimulating the fibroblasts with different PDGF-BB concentrations by Western blotting and determined the best experimental concentration and stimulation time of PDGF-BB. Then, indirect immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to detect the effect of PDGF-BB on the expression of autophagy-related and fibrotic proteins before and after 3-methyladenine (3-MA) intervention. Additionally, the effect of 3-MA on the proliferation and migration of primary oral mucosal fibroblasts stimulated by PDGF-BB was detected by the MTT method and a scratch experiment. The effect of PDGF-BB on Beclin-1 and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase class 3 (PI3KC3) interaction was detected by co-immunoprecipitation.Results: The results demonstrated that PDGF-BB could induce autophagy of the oral mucosal fibroblasts, showing a certain time and dose correlation. It induced cell autophagy through Beclin-1 and PI3KC3 interaction to promote the proliferation, migration, conversion, and collagen synthesis of the fibroblasts. However, 3-MA inhibited the combination of Beclin-1 and PI3KC3 and weakened the fibroblasts’ proliferation, migration, conversion, and collagen synthesis activities.Conclusion: Overall, PDGF-BB induces autophagy through the Beclin-1 pathway to regulate the biological behavior of oral mucosal fibroblasts.Keywords: PDGF-BB, primary oral mucosal fibroblasts, autophagy, 3-MA, biological behavior, signaling pathway

Yanshuo Han,1,2 Yanan Ma,1,3 Yang Liu,1 Zhongyi Zhao,1 Shihan Zhen,1 Xuelian Yang,1 Zhiyong Xu,4 Deliang Wen11Institute of Health Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China; 3Public Health Department, China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China; 4Educational Research Centre of Huanggu District, Shenyang, People’s Republic of ChinaPurpose: To determine the plasma concentrations of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), also known as pseudocholinesterase, in different weight categories of adolescents, and to explore the possible association between plasma BChE and overweight (OW), obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Chinese adolescents.Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,236 Chinese adolescents (194 obese [OB], 188 OW, 732 normal weight [NW], and 122 underweight [UW]). The biochemical variables and anthropometric variables of the study participants were evaluated. Plasma BChE level was measured by DGKC method.Results: OB was associated with a higher prevalence of upper strata plasma BChE levels when compared with the BChE levels in UW, NW, and OW group. A logistic regression analysis showed that plasma BChE was positively associated with the OB group when compared with the NW group. Boys in the OW group, but not the OB group, had a significantly higher prevalence of upper stratum of BChE levels. Plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and ApoB levels were positively associated with the upper stratum of BChE levels when compared with lower stratum. MetS and most of its components were more prevalent among subjects with upper stratum rather than lower stratum BChE levels. Receiver operating characteristic curves for plasma BChE in subjects with MetS indicated that the AUC was 0.80 (95%CI:0.70–0.90,P

Trajectories of perceived economic hardship are related to clinical levels of mental health issues in mothers and children from low-income families. Cross-sectionally, family hardiness has been found to have a moderating effect on the relationship between stressors and mental health severity. Recent advances in family resilience theory highlight the importance of considering trajectories of family resilience. Trajectories of family hardiness and their moderating effect on the relationship between trajectories of perceived economic hardship and symptoms of depression and anxiety in low-income mothers and children were investigated in 511 mother-child dyads in Singapore. Three trajectories of family hardiness were delineated, namely the high stable, low rapidly increasing and moderate increasing group. The trajectories of family hardiness were found to moderate the relationship between trajectories of perceived economic hardship and symptoms of mental health in low-income mothers and children. The same moderation effect was not found when perceived economic hardship and family hardiness were investigated cross-sectionally. These findings highlight the importance of considering the family's trajectory of hardiness over time when working with low-income families. In addition, given that different trajectories of family hardiness were protective for different aspects of mental health, further studies to understand these relations are necessary., Author(s): D. J. Wen [sup.1] , E. C. L. Goh [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/01tgyzw49, grid.4280.e, 0000 0001 2180 6431, Department of Social Work, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, [...]

Trajectories of poverty influence the mental health of mothers and children. Previous studies utilize objective measures despite the importance of subjective measures of poverty. Furthermore, chronic economic hardship may erode personal resources such as self-esteem which increases vulnerability to mental health issues. Trajectories of perceived family economic hardship and their relationship with common mental health disorders, as mediated by self-esteem, were investigated in 511 mother-child dyads from Singapore. Three distinct groups of economic hardship trajectories were delineated, namely the low stable, high stable and moderate decreasing group. The high stable group was found to be associated with a greater likelihood of mother's depression, mother's anxiety and child's anxiety when compared to the low stable group. The moderate decreasing group was found to be associated with a greater likelihood of mother's anxiety when compared to the low stable group. Mother's self-esteem was found to mediate all the significant relations found. These findings indicate the existence of distinct trajectories of perceived economic hardship within low-income families and their relation with mental health outcomes in mothers and children. The mediation of these relations by mother's self-esteem suggests the importance of enhancing self-esteem in mothers from low-income backgrounds., Author(s): D. J. Wen [sup.1] , E. C. L. Goh [sup.1] , J. De Mol [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.4280.e, 0000 0001 2180 6431, Department of Social Work, Faculty of [...]

We prove that if Xi,i=1,2,…, are Banach spaces that are weak* uniformly rotund, then their lp product space (p>1) is weak* uniformly rotund, and for any weak or weak* uniformly rotund Banach space, its quotient space is also weak or weak* uniformly rotund, respectively.

Objective: To investigate the trimester‐specific associations between maternal total physical activity level vs moderate‐to‐vigorous exercise and fetal growth disorders. Methods: We analyzed 2062 mother–neonate pairs participating in the longitudinal China Medical University Birth Cohort Study. The Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess the physical activity level of women during the three trimesters. A higher level of total physical activity was defined as meeting or exceeding the cohort‐specific 75th percentile, and a higher level of exercise was defined according to the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. Fetal growth disorder was defined as small‐for‐gestational age (SGA) or large‐for‐gestational age (LGA) at birth. Results: Of the neonates included in this study, 7.1% were SGA and 15.5% were LGA. A higher level of total physical activity during the first trimester (adjusted relative risk (aRR), 0.62 (95% CI, 0.42–0.91)) and second trimester (aRR, 0.62 (95% CI, 0.41–0.95)) was associated with a lower risk of SGA, and a higher level of total physical activity during the third trimester was associated with a lower risk of LGA (aRR, 0.73 (95% CI, 0.54–0.97)). When analyzing physical activity by subtype, a higher level of occupational physical activity during the first and second trimesters was associated negatively with SGA risk, and higher levels of occupational and low‐intensity physical activity during the first trimester were associated negatively with LGA risk. No significant association was found between maternal adherence to the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans and risk of fetal growth disorders. Conclusions: A higher total physical activity level during the first and second trimesters was associated with a decreased risk of SGA, whereas a higher total physical activity level in the third trimester was associated with a decreased risk of LGA. Pregnant women should be advised to increase their total physical activity levels instead of focusing on engaging in only moderate‐to‐vigorous exercise. © 2024 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]