1. Prevalence of nevirapine-associated resistance mutations after single dose prophylactic treatment among antenatal clinic attendees in north rift Kenya.
- Author
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Kiptoo M, Ichimura H, Wembe RL, Ng'Ang'a Z, Mueke J, Kinyua J, Lagat N, Okoth F, and Songok EM
- Subjects
- DNA, Viral chemistry, DNA, Viral genetics, Female, HIV-1 drug effects, HIV-1 isolation & purification, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical prevention & control, Kenya, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Missense, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Proviruses genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sequence Homology, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, Chemoprevention methods, Drug Resistance, Viral, HIV Infections prevention & control, HIV Infections virology, HIV Reverse Transcriptase genetics, HIV-1 genetics, Nevirapine therapeutic use
- Abstract
The use of single dose nevirapine to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV has been reported to induce drug-resistant mutations and reduce options for antiretroviral treatment for HIV-infected mothers and their children. To explore the status of nevirapine-resistant HIV genotypes in rural hospitals in the North Rift Valley Province of Kenya, samples collected 3 months after single dose nevirapine from 36 mothers and their children were analyzed. Resistance mutations were genotypically evaluated through proviral DNA amplification, cloning, and sequencing. Ten mothers (27.8%) had antiretroviral-associated resistance mutations of whom four (11.1%) had specific nevirapine (NNRTI) resistance-associated mutations. Three mothers (8.3%) transmitted the infection to their infants. This presence of nevirapine mutations in rural antenatal clinic attendees confirms the importance of integrating antiretroviral resistance monitoring as a key component in programs geared to prevention of HIV mother-to-child transmission.
- Published
- 2008
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