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04 oktober 2023, Contains fulltext : 296952.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Contains fulltext : 216457pub.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), Literature on climate services presents a large diversity of different services and uses. Many climate services have ‘usability gaps’: the information provided, or the way it is visualized, may be unsuitable for end users to inform decision-making processes in relation to adaptation against climate change impacts or for the development of policies to this end. The aim of this article is to contribute to more informed and efficient decision-making processes in climate adaptation by developing a typology of usability gaps for climate services. To do so, we first present and demonstrate a so-called ‘climate information design’ (CID) template with which to study and potentially improve the visual communicative qualities of climate services. Then, two climates services are selected for a further, qualitative explorative case study of two cases in the north and south of the Netherlands. A combination of focus group sessions and semi-structured interviews are used to collect data from Dutch governmental stakeholders as well as private stakeholders and NGOs. This data is then coded to discover what usability gaps are present. We then present twelve different types of usability gaps that were encountered as a typology. This typology could be used to improve and redesign climate services.

The aim of INSPIRATION is to establish and promote the adoption of a strategic research agenda for land use, land-use changes and soil management in the light of current and future societal challenges. Main objectives are:- Formulate, consult on and revise an end-user oriented strategic research agenda (SRA);- Scope out models for implementing the SRA;- Prepare a network of public and private funding institutions willing to commonly fund the SRA.The proposed methodology is based on a multi-stakeholder, multi-national and interdisciplinary approach that covers the variety of stakeholders (public bodies, business, scientific community citizens and society) and the variety of relevant funders. The vehicle to engage with relevant stakeholders across the Member States is a National Focal Point (NFP) in 17 countries1. Between March 2015 and March 2016 The NFP’s interviewed National Key Stakeholders (NKS), performed a desk study and organized workshops with national stakeholders of funders, end-users and researchers across the various soil and land management disciplines. The goal of these exercises was to gather information and support the main objectives as stated above.The collated results will be structured along four integrative themes: 1) resources demand and efficiency; 2) natural capital stewardship; 3) land management; 4) net impact on global, EU and local scale (see section 1.3) and merging into thematic knowledge needs to satisfy the as yet unmet societal challenges and to ensure that knowledge contributes primarily to enable meeting these challenges. Based on these results, a cross-border and cross-discipline dialogue will subsequently be organized among the relevant user communities, funding bodies and scientific communities in Europe in order to reach a trans-national, prioritized SRA as well as a model for execution of this SRA. Thus a SRA will be produced which will give national funders confidence that for each Euro they spend, they will get multiple Euros

Guides help you do things. You turn to them when you need to find out how to solve a problem. They are a form of knowledge transfer, written by experts but in a way that is accessible and helpful to a wide group of users. This Guide was written by the researchers on the ESPON applied research study of Territorial Approaches to New Governance (TANGO). It aims to help those persons and institutions that are delivering territorial governance across Europe. Who is the guide for? This guide is targeted at three groups of potential users. These are: • Practitioners, i.e. private or public professionals that are engaged in territorial governance activities at different scales and/or cohesion policy programmes or projects in Europe. • Policy makers, i.e. public executives and officials in charge of territorial governance at various administrative levels. They may also have the responsibility to implement cohesion policy at the EU level (e.g. officials of the European Commission) or at national, regional and local levels in the Member States. Plans, programmes and projects are their main means of delivering territorial governance. • Decision?makers who are mostly democratically elected politicians, such as members of the EU Parliament, national parliaments, or regional and municipal councils. However, they may also include persons appointed as representatives to bodies with decision?making powers, e.g. community representatives in partnerships for regional development. They are often in charge of ministerial or departmental roles related to territorial governance and to cohesion policy. Through their democratic mandate or a high?level appointment, they are the ones that can establish rules on territorial governance. However, the essence of governance is that it extends beyond governments, engaging a potentially wide range of stakeholders and non?governmental institutions. We hope the Guide can be useful to them, too. Why is a guide needed? Effective partnership working acros, OTB Research, Architecture and The Built Environment

OTB, Architecture and The Built Environment

OTB, Architecture and The Built Environment

Contains fulltext : 89534.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), Respiratory virus infections are among the primary causes of morbidity and mortality in humans. Influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza (PIV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are major causes of respiratory illness in humans. Especially young children and the elderly are susceptible to infections with these viruses. In this study we aim to gain detailed insight into the molecular pathogenesis of respiratory virus infections by studying the protein expression profiles of infected lung epithelial cells. A549 cells were exposed to a set of respiratory viruses [RSV, hMPV, PIV and Measles virus (MV)] using both live and UV-inactivated virus preparations. Cells were harvested at different time points after infection and processed for proteomics analysis by 2-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis. Samples derived from infected cells were compared to mock-infected cells to identify proteins that are differentially expressed due to infection. We show that RSV, hMPV, PIV3, and MV induced similar core host responses and that mainly proteins involved in defense against ER stress and apoptosis were affected which points towards an induction of apoptosis upon infection. By 2-D DIGE analyses we have gathered information on the induction of apoptosis by respiratory viruses in A549 cells.