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1. Developing a neural implant to enable controlled alterations to brain architecture

Author

Weir, N. J.

Subjects
612.8
Abstract

Neuroscientific research frequently utilises loss of function experiments to attribute function to a brain region. Gain of function experiments via cortical re-wiring would aid in validation of these studies and could allow the repair of damaged neural circuitry or the creation of novel neural structures. Research into neuronal re-wiring within the central nervous system demonstrates insufficient neurite extension upon implantation and highlights the need for similarity between exogenous and endogenous neurons. An aligned poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) nanofibre scaffold was developed that induced the three dimensional aggregation of primary cortical neurons into a physiological structure of clustered soma and aligned, fasciculated neurites in a controlled way. Due to the self-assembling and physiological architecture of these 3D structures and subsequent detection of electrophysiological activities, these 3D structures were classified as “organoids”. Cerebral cortical organoids generated using the nanofibre based methodology were demonstrated to be more developmentally advanced than their two-dimensional counterparts and mechanisms were elucidated for the aggregation of the neurons and the development that occurred post-aggregation. Analysis of gene expression suggested that the organoids were also undergoing advanced developmental processes and proposed a mechanism by which this occurs. Optogenetic depolarisation of the implanted neurons and detection of downstream electrophysiological activity was selected as the means of confirming integration of exogenous neurons into endogenous circuitry post-implantation. Methods were optimised to facilitate efficient viral transfection of the optogenetic protein (Channelrhodopsin-2). Aligned PLLA nanofibres were found to significantly enhance transfection rates relative to the 2D control and the process by which this occurs was investigated. The work presented within suggests that aligned PLLA nanofibres may be used to generate a cerebral cortical organoid that is suited to implantation and cortical re-wiring and may have additional in vitro applications within diverse fields such as high throughput pharmacology, computational neuroscience and bioengineering.

Published
2019

3. HST Observations of Globular Clusters in M31.I:Surface Photometry of 13 Objects

Author

Pecci, F. Fusi, Battistini, P., Bendinelli, O., Bònoli, F., Cacciari, C., Djorgovski, S., Federici, L., Ferraro, F. R., Parmeggiani, G., Weir, N., and Zavatti, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the initial results of a study of globular clusters in M31, using the Faint Object Camera (FOC) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The sample of objects consists of 13 clusters spanning a range of properties. Three inde- pendent image deconvolution techniques were used in order to compensate for the optical problems of the HST, leading to mutually fully consistent results. We present detailed tests and comparisons to determine the reliability and limits of these deconvolution methods, and conclude that high-quality surface photome- try of M31 globulars is possible with the HST data. Surface brightness profiles have been extracted, and core radii, half-light radii, and central surface brightness values have been measured for all of the clusters in the sample. Their comparison with the values derived from ground-based observations indi- cates the later to be systematically and strongly biased by the seeing effects, as it may be expected. A comparison of the structural parameters with those of the Galactic globulars shows that the structural properties of the M31 globu- lars are very similar to those of their Galactic counterparts. A candidate for a post-core-collapse cluster, Bo 343 = G 105, has been already identified from these data; this is the first such detection in the M31 g. c. system., Comment: A&A TeX, tables and figures upon request, BAP n. 10-1993-031-OAB

Published
1993

8. Aligned poly-L-lactic acid nanofibers induce self-assembly of primary cortical neurons into 3D cell clusters

Author

Weir, N, Stevens, B, Wagner, S, Miles, A, Ball, G, Howard, C, Chemmarappally, J, McGinnity, M, Hargreaves, AJ, and Tinsley, C

Subjects
Biomaterials, Neurons, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Tissue Scaffolds, Polyesters, Biomedical Engineering, Nanofibers, Animals, Rats
Abstract

Relative to two-dimensional (2D) culture, three-dimensional (3D) culture of primary neurons has yielded increasingly physiological responses from cells. Electrospun nanofiber scaffolds are frequently used as a 3D biomaterial support for primary neurons in neural tissue engineering, while hydrophobic surfaces typically induce aggregation of cells. Poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) was electrospun as aligned PLLA nanofiber scaffolds to generate a structure with both qualities. Primary cortical neurons from E18 Sprague-Dawley rats cultured on aligned PLLA nanofibers generated 3D clusters of cells that extended highly aligned, fasciculated neurite bundles within 10 days. These clusters were viable for 28 days and responsive to AMPA and GABA. Relative to the 2D culture, the 3D cultures exhibited a more developed profile; mass spectrometry demonstrated an upregulation of proteins involved in cortical lamination, polarization, and axon fasciculation and a downregulation of immature neuronal markers. The use of artificial neural network inference suggests that the increased formation of synapses may drive the increase in development that is observed for the 3D cell clusters. This research suggests that aligned PLLA nanofibers may be highly useful for generating advanced 3D cell cultures for high-throughput systems.

Published
2022

18. The History of Myringotomy and Grommets.

Author

Weir N., Rimmer J., Giddings C.E., Weir N., Rimmer J., and Giddings C.E.

Abstract

The first recorded myringotomy was in 1649. Astley Cooper presented 2 papers to the Royal Society in 1801, based on his observations that myringotomy could improve hearing. Widespread inappropriate use of the procedure followed, with no benefit to patients; this led to it falling from favor for many decades. Hermann Schwartze reintroduced myringotomy later in the 19th century. It had been realized earlier that the tympanic membrane heals spontaneously, and much experimentation took place in attempting to keep the perforation open. The first described grommet was made of gold foil. Other materials were tried, including Politzer's attempts with rubber. Armstrong's vinyl tube effectively reintroduced grommets into current practice last century. There have been many eponymous variants, but the underlying principle of creating a perforation and maintaining it with a ventilation tube has remained unchanged. Recent studies have cast doubt over the long-term benefits of grommet insertion; is this the end of the third era?Copyright © The Author(s) 2020.

Published
2021

35. Production of antibody-based fusion proteins

Author

Adair, J., primary, Armour, K., additional, Carr, F., additional, Fernie, M., additional, Forster, S., additional, Hamilton, A., additional, Harris, W., additional, King, D., additional, King, S., additional, McGregor, D., additional, Moss, M., additional, Steven, J., additional, Tempest, P., additional, Turner, A., additional, Wallace, T.P., additional, Weir, N., additional, and White, P., additional

Published
1996
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36. Reconstruction of antibodies

Author

Adair, J., primary, Armour, K., additional, Carr, F., additional, Fernie, M., additional, Forster, S., additional, Hamilton, A., additional, Harris, W., additional, King, D., additional, King, S., additional, McGregor, D., additional, Moss, M., additional, Steven, J., additional, Tempest, P., additional, Turner, A., additional, Wallace, T.P., additional, Weir, N., additional, and White, P., additional

Published
1996
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37. General protocols

Author

Adair, J., primary, Armour, K., additional, Carr, F., additional, Fernie, M., additional, Forster, S., additional, Hamilton, A., additional, Harris, W., additional, King, D., additional, King, S., additional, McGregor, D., additional, Moss, M., additional, Steven, J., additional, Tempest, P., additional, Turner, A., additional, Wallace, T.P., additional, Weir, N., additional, and White, P., additional

Published
1996
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38. Production of antibody fragments

Author

Adair, J., primary, Armour, K., additional, Carr, F., additional, Fernie, M., additional, Forster, S., additional, Hamilton, A., additional, Harris, W., additional, King, D., additional, King, S., additional, McGregor, D., additional, Moss, M., additional, Steven, J., additional, Tempest, P., additional, Turner, A., additional, Wallace, T.P., additional, Weir, N., additional, and White, P., additional

Published
1996
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39. Isolation of antibody variable region sequences

Author

Adair, J., primary, Armour, K., additional, Carr, F., additional, Fernie, M., additional, Forster, S., additional, Hamilton, A., additional, Harris, W., additional, King, D., additional, King, S., additional, McGregor, D., additional, Moss, M., additional, Steven, J., additional, Tempest, P., additional, Turner, A., additional, Wallace, T.P., additional, Weir, N., additional, and White, P., additional

Published
1996
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40. Substantial metabolic activity of human brown adipose tissue during warm conditions and cold-induced lipolysis of local triglycerides

Author

Weir, G, Ramage, L, Akyol, M, Rhodes, J, Kyle, C, Fletcher, A, Craven, T, Wakelin, S, Drake, A, Gregoriades, M, Ashton, C, Weir, N, van Beek, E, Karpe, F, Walker, B, and Stimson, R

Subjects
Adult, Glycerol, Male, Adolescent, PET/CT, microdialysis, Adipose Tissue, White, Lipolysis, cold exposure, THERMOGENESIS, Glutamic Acid, substrate utilization, ADULT HUMANS, Article, ACTIVATION, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Humans, EXPOSURE, Lactic Acid, human, IN-VIVO, Cells, Cultured, Triglycerides, Aged, 133xenon, BLOOD-FLOW, MICRODIALYSIS, ENERGY-EXPENDITURE, Thermogenesis, brown adipose tissue, Middle Aged, tracer, Thyroid Diseases, Cold Temperature, Glucose, physiology, SKELETAL-MUSCLE, Female, FATTY-ACIDS
Abstract

Summary Current understanding of in vivo human brown adipose tissue (BAT) physiology is limited by a reliance on positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scanning, which has measured exogenous glucose and fatty acid uptake but not quantified endogenous substrate utilization by BAT. Six lean, healthy men underwent 18fluorodeoxyglucose-PET/CT scanning to localize BAT so microdialysis catheters could be inserted in supraclavicular BAT under CT guidance and in abdominal subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT). Arterial and dialysate samples were collected during warm (∼25°C) and cold exposure (∼17°C), and blood flow was measured by 133xenon washout. During warm conditions, there was increased glucose uptake and lactate release and decreased glycerol release by BAT compared with WAT. Cold exposure increased blood flow, glycerol release, and glucose and glutamate uptake only by BAT. This novel use of microdialysis reveals that human BAT is metabolically active during warm conditions. BAT activation substantially increases local lipolysis but also utilization of other substrates such as glutamate., Graphical Abstract, Highlights • Human BAT shows substantial glucose uptake and lactate release during warm conditions • Glycerol recycling occurs in human BAT, and cold exposure activates BAT lipolysis • BAT uses substrates other than just glucose or fatty acids during cold activation • Microdialysis is a novel technique to measure in vivo human BAT physiology, Weir et al., using microdialysis, have shown that human brown adipose tissue (BAT) is metabolically active in warm conditions, with higher glucose uptake and lactate release than white AT. Cold activation increased glucose and glutamate uptake and glycerol release by BAT, quantifying substrate utilization and hydrolysis of BAT triglycerides during thermogenesis.

Published
2018

43. Intensive blood pressure reduction with intravenous thrombolysis therapy for acute ischaemic stroke (ENCHANTED): an international, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint, phase 3 trial

Author

Anderson, Craig S, primary, Huang, Yining, additional, Lindley, Richard I, additional, Chen, Xiaoying, additional, Arima, Hisatomi, additional, Chen, Guofang, additional, Li, Qiang, additional, Billot, Laurent, additional, Delcourt, Candice, additional, Bath, Philip M, additional, Broderick, Joseph P, additional, Demchuk, Andrew M, additional, Donnan, Geoffrey A, additional, Durham, Alice C, additional, Lavados, Pablo M, additional, Lee, Tsong-Hai, additional, Levi, Christopher, additional, Martins, Sheila O, additional, Olavarria, Veronica V, additional, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, additional, Parsons, Mark W, additional, Pontes-Neto, Octavio M, additional, Ricci, Stefano, additional, Sato, Shoichiro, additional, Sharma, Vijay K, additional, Silva, Federico, additional, Song, Lili, additional, Thang, Nguyen H, additional, Wardlaw, Joanna M, additional, Wang, Ji-Guang, additional, Wang, Xia, additional, Woodward, Mark, additional, Chalmers, John, additional, Robinson, Thompson G, additional, Anderson, Craig S., additional, Lindley, Richard I., additional, Bath, Philip M., additional, Broderick, Joseph P., additional, Demchuk, Andrew M., additional, Donnan, Geoffrey A., additional, Durham, Alice C., additional, Lavados, Pablo M., additional, Martins, Sheila O., additional, Olavarria, Veronica V., additional, Pandian, Jeyaraj D., additional, Parsons, Mark W., additional, Pontes-Neto, Octavio M., additional, Sharma, Vijay K., additional, Thang, Nguyen H., additional, Wardlaw, Joanna M., additional, Robinson, Thompson G., additional, Kim, Jong S., additional, Stapf, Christian, additional, Simes, R. John, additional, Hankey, Graeme J., additional, Sandercock, Peter, additional, Bousser, Marie-Germaine, additional, Wong, K.S. Lawrence, additional, Scaria, Anish, additional, Hirakawa, Yoichiro, additional, Moullaali, Tom J., additional, Carcel, Cheryl, additional, Gordon, Penny, additional, Fuentes-Patarroyo, Sully X., additional, Benito, Dino, additional, Chen, Ruiqi, additional, Cao, Yongjun, additional, Kunchok, Amy, additional, Winters, Stephen, additional, Coutts, Shelagh, additional, Yoshimura, Sohei, additional, You, Shoujiang, additional, Yang, Jie, additional, Wu, Guojun, additional, Zhang, Shihong, additional, Manning, Lisa, additional, Mistri, Amit, additional, Haunton, Victoria, additional, Minhas, Jatinder, additional, Malavera, Alejandra, additional, Lim, Joyce, additional, Liu, Leibo, additional, Kumar, Namrata N., additional, Tay, Nicole, additional, Jenson, Kerry, additional, Richtering, Sarah, additional, Tucker, Sharon, additional, Knight, Elizabeth, additional, Ivanova, Elizaveta, additional, Thembani, Emma, additional, Odgers, Elizabeth, additional, Sanders, Elizabeth, additional, Small, Sabrina, additional, Vaghasiya, Ruchita, additional, Armenis, Manuela, additional, Donnelly, Paul, additional, Baig, Merza A., additional, Blacklock, Nick, additional, Naidu, Bala, additional, Monaghan, Helen, additional, Smith, Phillipa, additional, Glass, Parisa, additional, Bai, Xuejie, additional, Li, Qiancheng, additional, Zhu, Pingping, additional, Kong, Liang, additional, He, Ruihong, additional, Zhao, He, additional, Lv, Jiajie, additional, Jia, Haijing, additional, Xi, Zhen, additional, Cong, Yuhan, additional, Cui, Buliang, additional, Deng, Hua, additional, Guo, Ying, additional, He, Lingyu, additional, Jia, Ruolan, additional, Li, Nan, additional, Li, Wei, additional, Liu, Mengxiao, additional, Zhang, Meng, additional, Xu, Ziwei, additional, Zhang, Ting, additional, Zhao, Yan, additional, Gregory, Philip, additional, In, Yunjeong, additional, Kim, Su J., additional, Ahn, Jung E., additional, Kim, Sul H., additional, Hong, Young L., additional, González-McCawley, Francisca, additional, Martins, Magda C.O., additional, Portales, Bernardita, additional, Wang, Ching-Yi, additional, Ryu, Shan-Jen, additional, Aujla, Hardeep, additional, Lewin, Sue, additional, Kumar, Tracy, additional, Barrows, Sara, additional, Ebraimo, Ahtasam, additional, Uyen, Hong H., additional, Giang, Nguyen A., additional, Linh, Le T.M., additional, An, Le T.T., additional, Phuong, Do M., additional, Ngoc, Pham V.B., additional, Hang, Nguyen M., additional, Tran, Nguyen T.B., additional, Hien, Ha T.T., additional, Yen, Mai B., additional, Tram, Ngo T.B., additional, Truc, Tran T.T., additional, Hoa, Nguyen A., additional, Thuan, Nguyen T.B., additional, Oanh, Ha T.K., additional, Arora, Deepti, additional, Verma, Shweta J., additional, Krause, M., additional, Priglinger, M., additional, Day, S., additional, Jala, S., additional, Davies, L., additional, Ray, E., additional, Celestino, S., additional, Law, L.Y., additional, Wijeratne, T., additional, Ng, G., additional, Nagao, K., additional, Weiss, G., additional, Titton, N., additional, Batista, C., additional, Zãn, D., additional, Carbonera, L., additional, Ferreira, K., additional, Castro, R., additional, Martins Filho, R.K., additional, Carvalho, M., additional, Libardi, M., additional, Martins, G., additional, Fagundes, D., additional, Baron, G., additional, Boehringer, A., additional, Barbosa, J., additional, Bazan, R., additional, Braga, G., additional, Luvizutto, G., additional, Ribeiro, P., additional, Winckler, F., additional, Moro, C., additional, Longo, A., additional, Liberato, R., additional, Barbosa, R., additional, Magalhães, P., additional, Portal, M., additional, Martin, K., additional, Souza, A., additional, Cuervo, D., additional, Perin, D., additional, Marques, L., additional, Oliveira, F., additional, Battaglini, M., additional, Lourenço, F., additional, Silva, G., additional, Duarte, L., additional, Alves, M., additional, Sousa, J., additional, Uhehara, M., additional, Brunser, A., additional, Mazzón, E., additional, Spencer, M., additional, Acosta, I., additional, Rojo, A., additional, Rivas, R., additional, Klapp, C., additional, Carvallo, L., additional, Carvallo, P., additional, Mansilla, E., additional, Flores, J., additional, Alvarado, M., additional, Herrera, A., additional, Reyes, C., additional, Jurado, F., additional, Bustamante, G., additional, Bravo, L., additional, Matamala, J.M., additional, Guerrero, R., additional, Zhou, S., additional, Ping, L., additional, Liu, W., additional, Liu, L., additional, Tian, Y., additional, Xu, H., additional, Wang, J., additional, Wang, L., additional, Zhen, Z., additional, Zhang, J., additional, Yan, M., additional, Zhang, Q., additional, Tao, X., additional, Liu, C., additional, Shi, J., additional, Zhang, X., additional, Tai, L., additional, Xu, L., additional, Lu, H., additional, Nie, H., additional, Li, X., additional, Zhou, J., additional, Liu, Y., additional, Gong, P., additional, Zhao, H., additional, Li, R., additional, Wang, X., additional, Chen, Q., additional, Li, Y., additional, Wu, L., additional, Jia, L., additional, Guo, X., additional, Chen, G., additional, Lin, B., additional, Zhu, W., additional, Yang, K., additional, Zhang, Z., additional, Xie, C., additional, Wu, D., additional, Wang, Y., additional, Liu, D., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Liang, L., additional, Cao, Q., additional, Xia, J., additional, Weng, Y., additional, Li, J., additional, Xu, T., additional, Geng, D., additional, Yan, X., additional, Wang, D., additional, Zhao, N., additional, Tang, Z., additional, Yin, W., additional, Wang, S., additional, Huang, W., additional, Yang, Y., additional, Song, A., additional, Hao, Y., additional, Zhang, A., additional, Qiao, B., additional, Yang, J., additional, Yan, H., additional, Wei, X., additional, Tao, Z., additional, Liu, H., additional, Lv, Y., additional, Yang, H., additional, Han, L., additional, Mao, X., additional, Ge, L., additional, Zhang, Y., additional, He, S., additional, Jiang, J., additional, Wu, W., additional, Wang, H., additional, Yang, L., additional, Tang, Y., additional, Sun, H., additional, Li, F., additional, Li, G., additional, Sun, Y., additional, Zhang, H., additional, Wu, Y., additional, Huang, L., additional, Geng, C., additional, Jin, Z., additional, Zhu, J., additional, Zhang, F., additional, Zheng, R., additional, Shen, H., additional, Liu, F., additional, Chen, C., additional, Chen, S., additional, Zhou, L., additional, Hu, B., additional, Zou, Z., additional, Liu, J., additional, Chang, X., additional, Zhang, S., additional, Huang, Q., additional, Liu, X., additional, Liu, S., additional, He, W., additional, Feng, J., additional, Li, L., additional, Chen, X., additional, Zhuang, X., additional, Zheng, W., additional, Lai, Y., additional, Zhou, Y., additional, Duan, H., additional, Yang, Q., additional, Du, J., additional, Lin, Q, additional, Xu, E., additional, Zhan, L., additional, Wu, J., additional, Feng, X., additional, Wei, C., additional, He, J., additional, Wang, B., additional, Li, W, additional, Chen, P, additional, Guo, F, additional, Dai, H, additional, Dai, M, additional, Zeng, X., additional, Chen, B., additional, Long, F., additional, Su, Q., additional, Bao, B., additional, Wu, T., additional, Wu, X., additional, Shao, Y., additional, Li, S., additional, Xu, Y., additional, Castellanos, J.A., additional, Muñoz-Collazos, M., additional, Solano, E., additional, Leung, W.H.T., additional, Sureshbabu, S., additional, Sharma, S.N., additional, George, S., additional, Shekhar, S., additional, Singla, S., additional, Saini, L., additional, Sunita, -, additional, Kate, M., additional, Sarvotham, R., additional, William, A.G., additional, Deepak, A., additional, BK, M., additional, Benny, R., additional, Bolegave, V., additional, Basle, M., additional, Gore, S., additional, George, P., additional, Kumaravelu, S., additional, Rahamath, S., additional, Raj, P.G., additional, Devi, A.R., additional, Sharma, A., additional, Prajapati, J., additional, Parmar, M., additional, Patel, D., additional, Panchal, T., additional, Gorthi, S.P., additional, Prabhu, V., additional, Prabhu, A., additional, Chandran, V., additional, Chatterjee, A., additional, Nair, R., additional, Nambiar, V.K., additional, TS, D., additional, TP, S., additional, Ajai, V., additional, Paul, S., additional, Natarajan, P.C., additional, Chittibabu, D., additional, Borah, N.C., additional, Ghose, M., additional, Choudhury, N., additional, Gohain, P., additional, Kalita, K., additional, Duberkar, D., additional, Pawar, N., additional, Bhaviskar, R., additional, Caterbi, E., additional, Cenciarelli, S., additional, Condurso, R., additional, Gallinella, E., additional, Greco, L., additional, Marando, C., additional, Mastrocola, S., additional, Mattioni, A., additional, Sacchini, E., additional, Sicilia, I., additional, Gallina, A., additional, Giannandrea, D., additional, Marsili, E., additional, Mazzoli, T., additional, Padiglioni, C., additional, Corea, F., additional, Guidubaldi, A., additional, Micheli, S., additional, Barbi, M., additional, Kim, J., additional, Song, H.J., additional, Jeong, H.S., additional, Lim, J.G., additional, Park, S.M., additional, Lee, K.B., additional, Hwang, H.W., additional, Kwon, S.U., additional, Kang, D.W., additional, Kim, Y.J., additional, Kim, B.J., additional, Park, J.M., additional, Kang, K., additional, Kim, B., additional, Kwon, O., additional, Kim, Y.W., additional, Lee, J.J., additional, Hwang, Y.H., additional, Kwon, H.S., additional, Koo, J., additional, Lee, K., additional, Kim, T., additional, Ahn, A., additional, Rha, J.H., additional, Park, H.K., additional, Yoon, C.W., additional, Chan, B., additional, Teoh, H.L., additional, Paliwal, P., additional, Wong, L.Y.J., additional, Chen, J.T., additional, De Silva, D.A., additional, Chang, H.M., additional, Fabiaña, N., additional, Marti, J., additional, Delgado, R., additional, Martínez, A., additional, Prats, L., additional, Camps, P., additional, Liou, C.W., additional, Tan, T.Y., additional, Liu, C.F., additional, Cheng, H.H., additional, Po, H.L., additional, Lin, Y.J., additional, Chou, C.L., additional, Lin, C.H., additional, Yen, C.C., additional, Chang, Y.T., additional, Hsu, Y.T., additional, Lee, J.D., additional, Lee, M., additional, Huang, Y.C., additional, Wu, C.Y., additional, Suwanwela, N.C., additional, Chutinet, A., additional, Likitjaroen, Y., additional, Roongpiboonsopit, D., additional, Charnwut, S., additional, Dyker, A., additional, Hossain, M., additional, Muddegowda, G.K., additional, Sanyal, R., additional, Roffe, C., additional, Natarajan, I., additional, Finney, K., additional, Sztriha, L., additional, Teo, J., additional, Chan, F.K., additional, Lim, J., additional, Chitando, B., additional, Clarke, B., additional, Patel, B., additional, Khan, U., additional, Ghatala, R., additional, Trippier, S., additional, Kalra, L., additional, Manawadu, D., additional, Sikondari, N., additional, Aeron-Thomas, J., additional, Sunman, W., additional, Wilkes, G., additional, Richardson, C., additional, Buch, A., additional, Jackson, B., additional, Halse, O., additional, Mashate, S., additional, Wilding, P., additional, Nguyen, V., additional, Qadiri, M.R., additional, Rashed, K., additional, Board, S., additional, Buckley, C., additional, Smith, C., additional, James, M., additional, Keenan, S., additional, Bouring, A., additional, England, T., additional, Donnelly, R., additional, Scott, J., additional, Maddula, M., additional, Beavan, J., additional, Perry, R., additional, Francia, N., additional, Watchhurst, C., additional, Banaras, A., additional, Ashton, A., additional, Mistri, A., additional, Musarrat, K., additional, Eveson, D., additional, Kallingal, J., additional, Perez, J., additional, Harrison, L., additional, Marsden, T., additional, Furnace, J., additional, Clarke, R., additional, Reid, J., additional, Warburton, E., additional, Macleod, M.J., additional, Mitchell, J., additional, Day, D., additional, Church, N., additional, Amis, E., additional, Price, C., additional, Rodgers, H., additional, Whiting, R., additional, Hussain, M., additional, Harvey, M., additional, Brown, S., additional, Foot, J., additional, Tryambake, D., additional, Broughton, D., additional, Bergin, A., additional, Annamalai, A., additional, Dixon, L., additional, Weir, N., additional, Blank, C., additional, Harkness, K., additional, Ali, A., additional, Richards, E., additional, Stocks, K., additional, Bruce, D.W., additional, Wani, M., additional, Anjum, T., additional, Krishnan, M., additional, Nguyen Huy, T., additional, Le Tuan, A. Truong, additional, Cam, L. Dam Thi, additional, Kim, T. Ngo Thi, additional, Nguyen, B. Pham, additional, Dat, A. Nguyen, additional, Van, C. Nguyen, additional, Duy, T. Mai, additional, Viet, P. Dao, additional, Tien, D. Nguyen, additional, Van, T. Vo, additional, Le Kim, K., additional, Ngoc, T. Bui, additional, Le Thanh, T. Tran, additional, Hoanh, S. Nguyen, additional, Phuoc, S. Pham, additional, Van, T. Tran, additional, Thi, B. Doan, additional, Thu, H. Nguyen Thi, additional, Duy, M. Nguyen, additional, and Van, D. Ngo, additional

Published
2019
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46. Help-seeking behaviour for pelvic floor dysfunction in women over 55: drivers and barriers

Author

Tinetti, A., Weir, N., Tangyotkajohn, U., Jacques, Angela, Thompson, Judith, Briffa, K., Tinetti, A., Weir, N., Tangyotkajohn, U., Jacques, Angela, Thompson, Judith, and Briffa, K.

Abstract

Objective: Our aim was to identify drivers of and barriers to help-seeking behaviour of older women with pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) living independently in Australia . Methods: Women aged =55 years were recruited to this cross-sectional study during July and August 2016. Bladder, bowel, pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and sexual dysfunction were assessed with the Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire (APFQ). Drivers and barriers were based on the Barriers to Incontinence Care Seeking Questionnaire. Univariate analyses were used to assess any significant relationships between PFD, age, education level, self-reported PFD, barriers and drivers. Results: Of the 376 study participants [mean, standard deviation (SD) age 68.6 (10.5) years], 67% reported symptoms of PFD and 98.7% scored > 0 on the APFQ. Women were more likely to seek help if they scored higher on the APFQ (p < 0.001). The main barrier to seeking help was the perception that PFD was a normal part of ageing (22.4%). Of those who did seek help (50%), the main factor was increased level of symptom bother (51.4%). There was no difference in age or education level between women who did and did not seek help. Conclusion: Women are more likely to seek help for PFD if scoring higher on the APFQ or symptoms are becoming more bothersome. They are less likely to seek help if they view their symptoms as normal. Future direction should be taken to raise awareness of normal pelvic floor function as well as the availability of help for PFD.

Published
2018

47. A search for the optical counterpart of the Einstein ring PKS 1830-211

Author

Djorgovski, S., Meylan, G., Thompson, D., Weir, N., Swarup, G., Rao, P., Subrahmanyan, R., Smette, A., Araki, H., editor, Brézin, E., editor, Ehlers, J., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Kippenhahn, R., editor, Weidenmüller, H. A., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Kayser, Rainer, editor, Schramm, Thomas, editor, and Nieser, Lars, editor

Published
1992
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48. HST observations of globular clusters in M 31. 1: Surface photometry of 13 objects

Author

Pecci, F. Fusi, Battistini, P, Bendinelli, O, Bonoli, F, Cacciari, C, Djorgovski, S, Federici, L, Ferraro, F. R, Parmeggiani, G, and Weir, N

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

We present the initial results of a study of globular clusters in M 31, using the Faint Object Camera (FOC) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The sample of objects consists of 13 clusters spanning a range of properties. Three independent image deconvolution techniques were used in order to compensate for the optical problems of the HST, leading to mutually fully consistent results. We present detailed tests and comparisons to determine the reliability and limits of these deconvolution methods, and conclude that high-quality surface photometry of M 31 globulars is possible with the HST data. Surface brightness profiles have been extracted, and core radii, half-light radii, and central surface brightness values have been measured for all of the clusters in the sample. Their comparison with the values from ground-based observations indicates the later to be systematically and strongly biased by the seeing effects, as it may be expected. A comparison of the structural parameters with those of the Galactic globulars shows that the structural properties of the M 31 globulars are very similar to those of their Galactic counterparts. A candidate for a post-core-collapse cluster, Bo 343 = G 105, has been already identified from these data; this is the first such detection in the M 31 globular cluster system.

Published
1994

49. Assessing the practice of palliative care doctors: what driving advice do they give patients with advanced disease?

Author

Weir, N, Fischer, A, and Good, P

Subjects
Male, Automobile Driving, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Physician-Patient Relations, Terminal Care, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, 1103 Clinical Sciences, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, Palliative Care, Australia, Middle Aged, Patient Education as Topic, General & Internal Medicine, Physicians, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Female, Aged, New Zealand
Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is little research and no clear guidelines for clinicians to follow when instructing patients with advanced disease about driving. AIMS: To investigate current practice in providing advice to patients with advanced disease and identify areas of consensus or variation with the Australian driving guidelines. METHODS: An online survey was distributed to Australian members of the Australian and New Zealand Society of Palliative Medicine. Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: The survey was distributed to 322 Australian and New Zealand Society of Palliative Medicine members and received 92 responses (29% response rate). Most respondents were aware of the driving guidelines (76%) and about half of the respondents had read the driving guidelines (55%). The majority of respondents had been asked to provide advice about driving to their patient or patient's caregiver (91%). Most respondents had asked a patient to stop driving (94%), but only 27% had reported a patient to the Driver Licensing Authority. Only 14% of respondents were in consensus with the guidelines in providing driving advice to a patient with asymptomatic brain metastases. Most doctors (64%) advise patients to refrain temporarily from driving post-short-acting oral morphine, with 4 h (36%) being the most common time period for not driving. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first survey investigating the practice of Australian doctors in assessing fitness to drive of patients with advanced disease. The survey found wide variability in practice and substantial discordance with current driving guidelines.

Published
2017

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