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Case Presentation: A 41-year-old man presented to the emergency department with five months of progressive monocular vision loss in his right eye, which he described as a gradually descending and enlarging black spot. He had no light perception in his right eye with elevated intraocular pressure and an afferent pupillary defect, while his left eye visual acuity and pupillary exam was normal. Point-of-care ultrasound demonstrated a hyperechoic, pedunculated mass in the posterior chamber of his right eye, consistent with a diagnosis of ocular melanoma. Ophthalmology scheduled the patient for an elective, right eye enucleation the following week, after which a diagnosis of uveal melanoma (UM) was confirmed on histopathology.Discussion: Uveal melanoma is an uncommon diagnosis that requires prompt intervention and surveillance due to the possibility of distant metastases arising in up to 50% of patients. Emergency department diagnosis of UM may be confounded by features of other intraocular pathology, such as increased ocular pressure or the finding of retinal detachment on fundoscopy. When emergency providers encounter glaucoma or retinal detachment on physical exam, point-of-care ultrasonography represents a key adjunct in the timely diagnosis and referral of this potentially vision- and life-threatening malignancy.

We present a case of new-onset bulbar muscle weakness in the setting of therapeutic botulinum injections for spasticity in a teenaged patient with cerebral palsy. Through a careful history, a systemic effect of the local injections was suspected, and the patient’s symptoms improved with a decrease in the dosing of the botulinum injections.

Hematometrocolpos is a rare congenital abnormality of the female urogenital system that leadsto an imperforate hymen and subsequent retrograde menstruation. We present the case of a14-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency department with amenorrhea andabdominal pain, and was found to have an imperforate hymen and hematometrocolpos on transabdominalpoint-of-care ultrasound. It is important for emergency physicians to consider thisdiagnosis in pubescent female patients presenting with abdominal pain, as missed diagnosis canlead to infertility and other complications.

Volvulus is an unusual condition in Western countries, generally isolated to elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. This report describes an unusual case of a very large gangrenous sigmoid volvulus in a young, otherwise healthy 25-year-old female. A review of the diagnosis and management is subsequently described. Without a consideration of the atypical demographics for sigmoid volvulus, the case illustrates the potential morbidity due to a delayed diagnosis. Early identification and management are crucial in treating sigmoid volvulus before the appearance of gangrene and necrosis, thereby avoiding further complications and associated mortality. [West J Emerg Med. 2012; 13(1):100–102.]

The article discusses assessment of a third neonatal lumbar puncture position by ultrasound measurement. It mentions study to investigate whether a diaper change approach may provide an additional option for performing neonatal LPs; and also mentions lateral decubitus and sitting positions had larger average interspinous distances.