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To navigate our complex social world, it is crucial for people to deploy multiple learning strategies, such as learning from directly experiencing the outcomes of one’s actions – experiential learning (EL) – as well as learning from observing the behavior of other people – observational learning (OL). Despite the prevalence of EL and OL in humans and other social animals, two fundamental questions remain unaddressed: how is control over behavior assigned to one strategy over the other depending on the environment? And how do individuals vary in their strategy use? Here, we describe an arbitration mechanism in which the prediction errors associated with each learning strategy influence their weight over behavior. We designed an online behavioral task to test our computational model, in which the uncertainty of each strategy is manipulated, resulting in dynamic variations in prediction errors. Model comparisons revealed that a substantial proportion of participants rely on our proposed arbitration mechanism, but we also found some meaningful heterogeneity in how people solve this task, with four other groups identified: those who use a fixed mixture between the two strategies, those who rely on a single strategy (EL or OL) and non-learners who perform an irrelevant strategy. Furthermore, the groups were found to differ on key behavioral signatures, and on transdiagnostic symptom dimensions relevant to psychopathology, in particular autism traits and anxiety. Together, these results demonstrate the benefits of leveraging large heterogeneous datasets using computational methods to better characterize individual differences and pave the way toward individualized diagnoses and treatment.

A new type of composite insulated concrete sandwich (ICS) wall is proposed. The wall consists of a three-dimensional spatial steel wire mesh skeleton, insulating core material and inner and outer c...

In recent years, global warming and sea level rise have further aggravated the risk of coastal erosion. Coastal vegetation plays an important role in resisting storm surges and alleviating coastal erosion. Therefore, screening plant species for the purpose of constructing ecological seawalls to protect or repair damaged coastal zones has become a hot issue. In this paper, a field survey was conducted to investigate the vegetation in Chengcun Bay surrounding areas of Yangjiang City by combining a line survey and sample plot survey. By understanding the vegetation types, distribution and community structure in the bay’s surrounding areas and analyzing the restricting environmental factors of those plants, we put forward some countermeasures for coastal vegetation restoration in difficult site conditions from the aspects of plant species selection, vegetation configuration and restoration technology, so as to provide reference for ecological vegetation restoration in similar locations.

Decisions to avoid or escape predators occur at different spatiotemporal scales, resulting in different computations and neural circuits. At their extremes, surprising or proximal threats will reduce decision and state space and utilize model-free architectures, while distant threats allow increased information processing supported by model-based operations. Model-free and model-based computations, however, are often intertwined. Furthermore, under conditions of safety the foundations for effective reactive execution in the future can be laid through model-based instruction of model-free control. Prospective planning can also be enabled. Together, these computations reflect distinct population codes embedded within a distributed defensive circuitry whose goal is to determine and realize the best policy. Naturalistic observations show that decisions to avoid or escape predators occur at different spatiotemporal scales and that they are supported by different computations and neural circuits. At their extremes, proximal threats are addressed by a limited repertoire of reflexive and myopic actions, reflecting reduced decision and state spaces and model-free (MF) architectures. Conversely, distal threats allow increased information processing supported by model-based (MB) operations, including affective prospection, replay, and planning. However, MF and MB computations are often intertwined, and under conditions of safety the foundations for future effective reactive execution can be laid through MB instruction of MF control. Together, these computations are associated with distinct population codes embedded within a distributed defensive circuitry whose goal is to determine and realize the best policy.

This paper presents a new type of prefabricated concrete structure system and the corresponding shear wall structure. The finite element analysis of the prefabricated wall base on OpenSees is carried out to analyze its mechanical properties. The rationality and correctness of the finite element analysis are obtained by comparing it with the test hysteresis curve.

This paper presents a new type of prefabricated concrete structure system and the corresponding shear wall structure. The development status of the new shear wall system in various countries is described, and the advantages and disadvantages of the new shear wall as well as the research status are analyzed.

In this paper, a new type of prefabricated concrete structure system is put forward, and a new type of bi-directional multi-ribbed floor is put forward in combination with this system.Finite element analysis is carried out on the floor, and its mechanical properties are analyzed, and compared with the test hysteresis curve, the rationality and correctness of the finite element analysis are obtained.

This paper proposes a new type of assembled concrete box structure system, and proposes the relevant shear wall structure and floor structure. The finite element analysis of prefabricated wall is carried out to analyze its mechanical performance and mechanical characteristics, which can provide theoretical basis for further experimental research.

Beijing lake yanxi ecological development demonstration project, a total of 60 square meters, consists of eight 50 tower and garage, tower, a total of seven family, layer number ranged from 8 to 15 layers, structure with shear wall structure, garage mainly adopts frame structure, through the choice of different structure and introduction, the structure system is analyzed.