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463 results on '"Weightman, A J"'

1. Traffic smoothing using explicit local controllers

Author

Hayat, Amaury, Alanqary, Arwa, Bhadani, Rahul, Denaro, Christopher, Weightman, Ryan J., Xiang, Shengquan, Lee, Jonathan W., Bunting, Matthew, Gollakota, Anish, Nice, Matthew W., Gloudemans, Derek, Zachar, Gergely, Davis, Jon F., Monache, Maria Laura Delle, Seibold, Benjamin, Bayen, Alexandre M., Sprinkle, Jonathan, Work, Daniel B., and Piccoli, Benedetto

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, 93D15, 93D21, 93-05, 34H05, H.2.2
Abstract

The dissipation of stop-and-go waves attracted recent attention as a traffic management problem, which can be efficiently addressed by automated driving. As part of the 100 automated vehicles experiment named MegaVanderTest, feedback controls were used to induce strong dissipation via velocity smoothing. More precisely, a single vehicle driving differently in one of the four lanes of I-24 in the Nashville area was able to regularize the velocity profile by reducing oscillations in time and velocity differences among vehicles. Quantitative measures of this effect were possible due to the innovative I-24 MOTION system capable of monitoring the traffic conditions for all vehicles on the roadway. This paper presents the control design, the technological aspects involved in its deployment, and, finally, the results achieved by the experiment., Comment: 21 pages, 1 Table , 9 figures

Published
2023

16. Iron Oxide-Bearing Wastes as Media for Supporting Biodegradation of BTEX.

Author

Al-Obaidi, Safaa A., Srivastava, Pallavee, Webster, Gordon, Weightman, Andrew J., and Sapsford, Devin

Subjects
PERMEABLE reactive barriers, MINE water, CIRCULAR economy, INDUSTRIAL ecology, DRINKING water
Abstract

Two common iron oxide-bearing wastes—a drinking water treatment residual and a passive mine water treatment sludge (MWTS)—were utilised with and without modification as media in microcosm experiments to treat artificial benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX)-contaminated wastewater. In all cases, the removal of BTEX was observed over the 160-day experiments, with benzene being the most recalcitrant. The solubilisation of iron was observed, which, alongside the syntropic relationship between the methanogens and firmicutes, allowed several anaerobic processes to occur, including iron reduction in concert with the biodegradation of BTEX. Nitrogen sparging prior to microcosm establishment, compared to aeration, was seen to lead to the greater subsequent removal of BTEX, indicating that anaerobic conditions favoured removal. The rates of BTEX removal indicated that these iron oxide-bearing wastes, an abundant waste stream, may be an interesting candidate for cost-effective media for BTEX remediation in applications such as permeable reactive barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Phylogeny and physiology of candidate phylum ‘Atribacteria’ (OP9/JS1) inferred from cultivation-independent genomics

Author

Nobu, Masaru K, Dodsworth, Jeremy A, Murugapiran, Senthil K, Rinke, Christian, Gies, Esther A, Webster, Gordon, Schwientek, Patrick, Kille, Peter, Parkes, R John, Sass, Henrik, Jørgensen, Bo B, Weightman, Andrew J, Liu, Wen-Tso, Hallam, Steven J, Tsiamis, George, Woyke, Tanja, and Hedlund, Brian P

Subjects
Microbiology, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Genetics, Human Genome, Bacteria, Genomics, Geologic Sediments, Lakes, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Environmental Sciences, Technology, Biological sciences, Environmental sciences
Abstract

The 'Atribacteria' is a candidate phylum in the Bacteria recently proposed to include members of the OP9 and JS1 lineages. OP9 and JS1 are globally distributed, and in some cases abundant, in anaerobic marine sediments, geothermal environments, anaerobic digesters and reactors and petroleum reservoirs. However, the monophyly of OP9 and JS1 has been questioned and their physiology and ecology remain largely enigmatic due to a lack of cultivated representatives. Here cultivation-independent genomic approaches were used to provide a first comprehensive view of the phylogeny, conserved genomic features and metabolic potential of members of this ubiquitous candidate phylum. Previously available and heretofore unpublished OP9 and JS1 single-cell genomic data sets were used as recruitment platforms for the reconstruction of atribacterial metagenome bins from a terephthalate-degrading reactor biofilm and from the monimolimnion of meromictic Sakinaw Lake. The single-cell genomes and metagenome bins together comprise six species- to genus-level groups that represent most major lineages within OP9 and JS1. Phylogenomic analyses of these combined data sets confirmed the monophyly of the 'Atribacteria' inclusive of OP9 and JS1. Additional conserved features within the 'Atribacteria' were identified, including a gene cluster encoding putative bacterial microcompartments that may be involved in aldehyde and sugar metabolism, energy conservation and carbon storage. Comparative analysis of the metabolic potential inferred from these data sets revealed that members of the 'Atribacteria' are likely to be heterotrophic anaerobes that lack respiratory capacity, with some lineages predicted to specialize in either primary fermentation of carbohydrates or secondary fermentation of organic acids, such as propionate.

Published
2016

19. Comparative assessment of Nanotrap and polyethylene glycol-based virus concentration in wastewater samples

Author

Farkas, Kata, Kevill, Jessica, Williams, Rachel C., Pântea, Igor, Ridding, Nicola, Lambert-Slosarska, Kathryn, Woodhall, Nick, Grimsley, Jasmine M.S., Wade, Matthew J., Singer, Andrew, Weightman, Andrew J., Cross, Gareth, Jones, Davey L., Farkas, Kata, Kevill, Jessica, Williams, Rachel C., Pântea, Igor, Ridding, Nicola, Lambert-Slosarska, Kathryn, Woodhall, Nick, Grimsley, Jasmine M.S., Wade, Matthew J., Singer, Andrew, Weightman, Andrew J., Cross, Gareth, and Jones, Davey L.

Abstract

Wastewater-based epidemiology is now widely used in many countries for the routine monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses at a community level. However, efficient sample processing technologies are still under investigation. In this study, we compared the performance of the novel Nanotrap® Microbiome Particles (NMP) concentration method to the commonly used polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation method for concentrating viruses from wastewater and their subsequent quantification and sequencing. For this, we first spiked wastewater with SARS-CoV-2, influenza and measles viruses and norovirus and found that the NMP method recovered 0.4–21% of them depending on virus type, providing consistent and reproducible results. Using the NMP and PEG methods, we monitored SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B viruses, RSV, enteroviruses and norovirus GI and GII and crAssphage in wastewater using quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based methods and next-generation sequencing. Good viral recoveries were observed for highly abundant viruses using both methods; however, PEG precipitation was more successful in the recovery of low-abundance viruses present in wastewater. Furthermore, samples processed with PEG precipitation were more successfully sequenced for SARS-CoV-2 than those processed with the NMP method. Virus recoveries were enhanced by high sample volumes when PEG precipitation was applied. Overall, our results suggest that the NMP concentration method is a rapid and easy virus concentration method for viral targets that are abundant in wastewater, whereas PEG precipitation may be more suited to the recovery and analysis of low-abundance viruses and for next generation sequencing.

Published
2024

21. Comparative assessment of Nanotrap and polyethylene glycol-based virus concentration in wastewater samples

Author

Farkas, Kata, primary, Kevill, Jessica L, additional, Williams, Rachel C, additional, Pântea, Igor, additional, Ridding, Nicola, additional, Lambert-Slosarska, Kathryn, additional, Woodhall, Nick, additional, Grimsley, Jasmine M S, additional, Wade, Matthew J, additional, Singer, Andrew C, additional, Weightman, Andrew J, additional, Cross, Gareth, additional, and Jones, Davey L, additional

Published
2024
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26. Poor air passenger knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms and behaviour undermines strategies aimed at preventing the import of SARS-CoV-2 into the UK

Author

Jones, David L., Rhymes, Jennifer M., Green, Emma, Rimmer, Charlotte, Kevill, Jessica L., Malham, Shelagh K., Weightman, Andrew J., Farkas, Kata, Jones, David L., Rhymes, Jennifer M., Green, Emma, Rimmer, Charlotte, Kevill, Jessica L., Malham, Shelagh K., Weightman, Andrew J., and Farkas, Kata

Abstract

Air travel mediates transboundary movement of SARS-CoV-2. To prepare for future pandemics, we sought to understand air passenger behaviour and perceived risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study of UK adults (n = 2103) quantified knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms, perceived health risk of contracting COVID-19, likelihood of returning to the UK with COVID-19 symptoms, likelihood to obey self-quarantining guidelines, how safe air travellers felt when flying during the pandemic (n = 305), and perceptions towards face covering effectiveness.Overall knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms was poor. Men and younger age groups (18–44) were less informed than women and older age groups (44 +). A significant proportion (21%) of the population would likely travel back to the UK whilst displaying COVID-19 symptoms with many expressing that they would not fully comply with self-isolation guidelines. Overall, males and younger age groups had a reduced perceived personal risk from contracting COVID-19, posing a higher risk of transporting SARS-CoV-2 back to the UK. Poor passenger knowledge and behaviour undermines government guidelines and policies aimed at preventing SARS-CoV-2 entry into the UK. This supports the need for stricter, clearer and more targeted guidelines with point-of-departure viral testing and stricter quarantining upon arrival.

Published
2023

37. Potential Use of Wastewater from Passenger Ships to Estimate the Import Rate of COVID-19 and Other Viruses Across Maritime International Boundaries

Author

Jones, David L., primary, Bridgman, Mathew, additional, Pellet, Cameron, additional, Li, Yuening, additional, Weightman, Andrew J., additional, Kille, Peter, additional, García Delgado, Álvaro, additional, Cross, Gareth, additional, Cobley, Steve, additional, Howard-Jones, Helen, additional, Chadwick, David R., additional, and Farkas, Kata, additional

Published
2022
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47. Rock‐crushing derived hydrogen directly supports a methanogenic community: significance for the deep biosphere

Author

Parkes, Ronald John, Berlendis, Sabrina, Roussel, Erwan G., Bahruji, Hasliza, Webster, Gordon, Oldroyd, Anthony, Weightman, Andrew J., Bowker, Michael, Davies, Philip R., and Sass, Henrik

Subjects
DNA, Bacterial, Bacteria, Chemical Phenomena, Brief Report, Microbiota, Biodiversity, DNA Restriction Enzymes, Euryarchaeota, Silicon Dioxide, DNA, Archaeal, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Brief Reports, Methane, Phylogeny, Hydrogen, Mechanical Phenomena
Abstract

Summary Microbial populations exist to great depths on Earth, but with apparently insufficient energy supply. Earthquake rock fracturing produces H2 from mechanochemical water splitting, however, microbial utilization of this widespread potential energy source has not been directly demonstrated. Here, we show experimentally that mechanochemically generated H2 from granite can be directly, long‐term, utilized by a CH4 producing microbial community. This is consistent with CH4 formation in subsurface rock fracturing in the environment. Our results not only support water splitting H2 generation as a potential deep biosphere energy source, but as an oxidant must also be produced, they suggest that there is also a respiratory oxidant supply in the subsurface which is independent of photosynthesis. This may explain the widespread distribution of facultative aerobes in subsurface environments. A range of common rocks were shown to produce mechanochemical H2, and hence, this process should be widespread in the subsurface, with the potential for considerable mineral fuelled CH4 production.

Published
2018

48. New screening software shows that most recent large 16S rRNA gene clone libraries contain chimeras

Author

Ashelford, Kevin E., Chuzhanova, Nadia A., Fry, John C., Jones, Antonia J., and Weightman, Andrew J.

Subjects
Ribosomal RNA -- Research, Gene banks -- Analysis, Chimeras (Organisms) -- Research, Genetic research -- Technology application, Technology application, Biological sciences
Abstract

The computer program Mallard can screen whole 16S rRNA gene libraries for chimeras and other artifacts and it enables a graphical approach for visualizing phylogenetic relationships among these gene sequences. An analysis of large libraries of cloned bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences submitted to the public repository during 2005 was undertaken to illustrate the use of Mallard and the study underlined the importance of researchers adequately screening their libraries before submission.

Published
2006

49. At least 1 in 20 16S rRNA sequence records currently held in public repositories is estimated to contain substantial anomalies

Author

Ashelford, Kevin E., Chuzhanova, Nadia A., Fry, John C., Jones, Antonia J., and Weightman, Andrew J.

Subjects
Ribosomal RNA -- Research, Chimeras (Organisms) -- Genetic aspects, Nucleotide sequencing -- Methods, Biological sciences
Abstract

A new method for detecting chimeras and other anomalies within 16S rRNA sequence records is developed. The results support concerns expressed over the quality of the public repositories as a conservative estimate, 1 in every 20 public database records is likely to be corrupt.

Published
2005

50. Deep sub-seafloor prokaryotes stimulated at interfaces over geological time

Author

Parkes, R. John, Webster, Gordon, Cragg, Barry A., Weightman, Andrew J., Newberry, Carole J., Ferdelman, Timothy G., Kallmeyer, Jens, Jorgensen, Bo B., Aiello, Ivano W., and Fry, John C.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): R. John Parkes (corresponding author) [1]; Gordon Webster [1, 2]; Barry A. Cragg [1]; Andrew J. Weightman [2]; Carole J. Newberry [2]; Timothy G. Ferdelman [3]; Jens Kallmeyer [3, [...]

Published
2005
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