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Introduction Fatigue is a common symptom observed in post-cancer treatment, yet its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Acupuncture has been employed to alleviate cancer-related fatigue (CRF); however, its effectiveness in addressing associated comorbidities that may influence fatigue is also poorly understood. This study represents the first investigation to use acupuncture as an intervention for fatigue in breast cancer survivors within a Norwegian cohort. The study will employ questionnaires to evaluate various facets of fatigue. As a pragmatic trial, it statistically assesses its clinical relevance, documents adverse events and evaluates the cost-effectiveness of the acupuncture treatment.Methods and analysis This assessor-blinded, pragmatic, randomised, mixed method, controlled trial with two parallel arms aims to evaluate the effectiveness, safety and cost-effectiveness of acupuncture. It will recruit 250 participants presented with CRF for 6 months or longer. Patients will be randomly allocated either to acupuncture and usual care (n=125) or to usual care alone (n=125). Acupuncture treatments (12 in total) are to be given within 12 weeks. The statistician who will analyse the data will be blinded to group allocation. The primary outcome will be changes in CRF measured by the Chalder fatigue scale. Measurements will be taken 12 weeks and 6 months after randomisation. The secondary outcomes include patient-reported outcomes of pain, anxiety, depression, hot flashes, insomnia and sleepiness. Health-related quality of life and economic evaluation will also be conducted 12 weeks and 6 months after randomisation. Nested within this randomised controlled trial are two qualitative studies and one sub-study measuring biomarkers (C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and aPL in addition to the current genotype genes TNF-308 and IL-6–174) from blood samples (n=80). Such biomarkers can potentially address changes in CRF.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval of this study has been granted by the Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics (REC southeast ID number: 112285). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The outcomes of the trial will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration number NCT04418115.

This study investigated the mechanical behaviour of Dou-Gong brackets with different structural forms, including Jixinzao and Touxinzao. Scaled Dou-Gong models were designed and fabricated at a 1:3.4 geometrical ratio. Vertical load tests were conducted to determine the failure modes, load-displacement response, stiffness degradation, and deformation capacity of the Dou-Gong models. Under vertical load, the primary failure modes of the Dou-Gong models were observed at the Lu-Dou, Nidao-Gong, and Hua-Gong component. The specimens demonstrated excellent load-bearing capacity and high deformation resistance. The Jixinzao Dou-Gong model exhibited a 15.0% higher ultimate load-carrying capacity than the Touxinzao Dou-Gong due to the presence of transverse arches. The number of transverse arches in the Dou-Gong models positively correlated with the compression stiffness, while their presence had a negligible effect on stiffness degradation rates. The Touxinzao Dou-Gong model exhibited superior ductility, characterized by a ductility coefficient 8.57% higher than that of the Jixinzao Dou-Gong model. Although the regular layering of the Dou-Gong models was disrupted by Ang component, the models remained stable in both the vertical and horizontal directions. The bi-linear model can effectively simulate the deformation behaviour of the Dou-Gong model under vertical load.

As resources become increasingly scarce and environmental demands grow, the recycling of products at the end of their lifecycle becomes crucial. Disassembly, as a key stage in the recycling process, plays a decisive role in the sustainability of the entire operation. Advances in automation technology and the integration of Industry 5.0 principles make the balance of human–robot collaborative disassembly lines an important research topic. This study uses disassembly-precedence graphs to clarify disassembly-task information and converts it into a task-precedence matrix. This matrix includes both symmetry and asymmetry, reflecting the dependencies and independencies among disassembly tasks. Based on this, we develop a multiobjective optimisation model that integrates disassembly-task allocation, operation mode selection, and the use of collaborative robots. The objectives are to minimise the number of workstations, the idle rate of the disassembly line, and the energy consumption. Given the asymmetry in disassembly-task attributes, such as the time differences required for disassembling various components and the diverse operation modes, this study employs an evolutionary algorithm to address potential asymmetric optimisation problems. Specifically, we introduce an advanced multi-objective discrete bee algorithm and validate its effectiveness and superiority for solving the disassembly-line balancing problem through a comparative analysis with other algorithms. This research not only provides innovative optimisation strategies for the product-recycling field but also offers valuable experience and reference for the further development of industrial automation and human–robot collaboration.

Acupuncture is an integrative therapy with strong evidence to support its use in the oncology setting, yet barriers exist for implementation into conventional medical clinics. Though acupuncture is recommended in clinical practice guidelines for oncology, there is little data in the literature showing how acupuncture and other related therapies, including herbal medicine are successfully implemented in some oncology clinics, while others experience barriers to care. To characterize the current use of acupuncture (ACU) and herbal medicine (HM) in oncology clinics, we collected general demographic and usage data from 5 example clinics. In addition, to better understand the barriers faced by ACU and HM clinics in implementing acupuncture as a treatment modality, a survey was deployed to 2320 members of the Society for Integrative Oncology. This article examines the characteristics of oncology settings around the world, and shares data from the survey on the use of these therapies in the field of oncology. The primary barrier to acupuncture care, as reported by providers, was cost. With just under 70% of the oncologists reporting it as the most important obstacle. Additional barriers to implementation included concerns about competency and training, accessibility and safety of herbal medicine during treatment. Though acupuncture is being incorporated into more conventional oncology settings, organized strategies for implementation involving payers and policymakers is needed.

Workers' unsafe behavior is a primary cause leading to falling accidents on construction sites. This study aimed to explore how to utilize psychophysiological characteristics to predict consciously unsafe behaviors of construction workers. In this paper, a psychological questionnaire was compiled to measure risky psychology, and wireless wearable physiological recorders were employed to real-timely measure the physiological signals of subjects. The psychological and physiological characteristics were identified by correlation analysis and significance test, which were then utilized to develop unsafe behavior prediction models based on multiple linear regression and decision tree regressor. It was revealed that unsafe behavior performance was negatively correlated with task-related risk perception, while positively correlated with hazardous attitude. Subjects experienced remarkable increases in skin conductivity, while notable decreases in the inter-beat interval and skin temperature during consciously unsafe behavior. Both models developed for predicting unsafe behavior were reliably and well-fitted with coefficients of determination higher than 0.8. Whereas, each model exhibited its unique advantages in terms of prediction accuracy and interpretability. Not only could study results contribute to the body of knowledge on intrinsic mechanisms of unsafe behavior, but also provide a theoretical basis for the automatic identification of workers’ unsafe behavior.

Abstract Background In 2019, investigators from China, South Korea and the United States of America initiated a coordinated multinational trial. The trial included three parallel randomized studies with a planned pooled analysis of individual patient data, to test the effectiveness of acupuncture on hot flash-related symptoms in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients prescribed adjuvant endocrine therapy. Given the study's approach, there was no central coordinating center or data monitoring committee for the study, so a site performance self-monitoring toolkit was developed and implemented to support study teams in collecting and maintaining high-quality regulatory information, and consistent review of study data and documentation. Methods The site performance self-monitoring toolkit was created based on best practices related to post-approval quality assurance/quality improvement (QA/QI) procedures that support data quality. The toolkit included: (1) a binder of essential study management documents and related monitoring logs for sites to complete and maintain (herein called regulator binder), (2) a study start-up checklist, (3) a self-assessment study conduct and oversight checklist to be completed regularly, and (4) a study close-out checklist. In addition, a process of regular virtual meetings to discuss documentation progress coupled with periodic external remote review of completed logs and checklists provided accountability checks. Results Over the course of the study, the sites in China and South Korea completed the entirety of the site performance self-monitoring toolkit, and successfully submitted their completed materials for review. The process of implementing a self-monitoring toolkit in a multinational integrative medicine study is described qualitatively. Periodic external review of the completed toolkit materials revealed categories of findings. Written follow-up reports were provided to sites and discussion of the documents occurred via separate virtual meetings. Conclusions Site study team self-monitoring provides a feasible, consistent, and effective way to review the collection and maintenance of data and regulatory documentation for quality assessment in minimal risk clinical research studies and can augment formal study monitoring activities in higher risk studies. Iterative feedback and support appeared to drive a disciplined approach to maintaining regulatory document compliance and helped sustain investigator and study team engagement in the process. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03783546 (21/12/2018).

This paper comprehensively investigates the moment-rotation relationship of straight mortise-tenon joints commonly used in Chinese antique timber buildings, focusing on analyzing the local compression mechanism at the tenon end-mortise and the tenon neck-mortise contact areas. Different compression tests were performed, and the experimental compressive stress-strain curves displayed a typical bi-linear response comprising an elastic increasing response followed by a plastic stage. The specimens subjected to middle local compression tests exhibited higher yield stress, elastic modulus, and plastic modulus than the others. Cyclic loading tests were conducted on twelve mortise-tenon joints with varying lengths, widths, and heights of the tenon to investigate the rotational behavior of the joints under alternating loading directions. The hysteresis curves of the tested specimens generally showed a “Z” shaped pinching effect, indicating limited energy dissipation of the joints during cyclic loading. The length and width of the tenon were observed to have a significant influence on the joint rotational behavior. Finally, a theoretical model was proposed to predict the moment-rotation relationship of the mortise-tenon joint, considering the proposed bilinear stress-strain relationship for wood under compression perpendicular to the grain. The predicted results obtained by the proposed theoretical model were generally validated by the experimental results.

Different types of buildings in different climate zones have their own design specifications and specific user populations. Generally speaking, these populations have similar sensory feedbacks in their perception of environmental thermal comfort. Existing thermal comfort models do not incorporate personal thermal comfort models for specific populations. In terms of an algorithm, the existing work constructs machine learning models based on an established human thermal comfort database with variables such as indoor temperature, clothing insulation, et al., and has achieved satisfactory classification results. More importantly, such thermal comfort models often lack scientific interpretability. Therefore, this study selected a specific population as the research object, adopted the 0-order Takagi–Sugeno–Kang (TSK) fuzzy classifier as the base training unit, and constructed a shared feature-guided new TSK fuzzy classification algorithm with extra feature compensation (SFG-TFC) to explore the perception features of the population in the thermal environment of buildings and to improve the classification performance and interpretability of the model. First, the shared features of subdatasets collected in different time periods were extracted. Second, the extra features of each subdataset were independently trained, and the rule outputs corresponding to the key shared features were reprojected into the corresponding fuzzy classifiers. This strategy not only highlights the guiding role of shared features but also considers the important compensation effect of extra features; thereby, improving the classification performance of the entire classification model. Finally, the least learning machine (LLM) was used to solve the parameters of the “then” part of each basic training unit, and these output weights were integrated to enhance the generalization performance of the model. The experimental results demonstrate that SFG-TFC has better classification performance and interpretability than the classic nonfuzzy algorithms support vector machine (SVM) and deep belief network (DBN), the 0-order TSK, and the multilevel optimization and fuzzy approximation algorithm QI-TSK.

We are grateful for the relevant comments by Hu et al. [...]

Compared with traditional timber boards, timber–concrete composite (TCC) boards demonstrate a higher rigidity and bearing capacity, improved vibration, and better behavior under seismic conditions. However, they become charred when exposed to fire due the combustibility of timber, and the fire safety of this material is considered essential. In this research, 60 min fire exposure tests and residual load-carrying capacity tests following fire exposure were carried out on three full-scale composite boards, two of which were covered with an innovative form of gypsum board protection. The effect of the innovative protection on the temperature field and fire resistance of the TCC boards was studied in detail. The test results indicate that the fire resistance of the TCC boards was effectively improved by using the innovative protection. If the coverage ratio is identical, a wider single gypsum board can demonstrate a slight increase in residual carrying capacity. Finite element models of TCC boards were established to investigate the temperature field during fire exposure and the residual load-carrying capacity of the TCC boards after fire exposure, demonstrating high applicability and accuracy. The conclusions in this paper can provide reference for fire design in engineering.

Abstract In underground mining operations, the overlying strata move, deform, and crack as the underground working face advances due to strata breakage, failure, and subsidence, forming a “vertical three zone” over the mined out area. The permeability of strata under mining changes differently in different zones. Therefore, studying the distribution of strata permeability is very important to obtain knowledge of gas migration pattern in the overlying strata in order to increase the gas extraction efficiency. In this study, a series of numerical models are developed to describe the overlying strata movement for three different zones. In detail, models for calculating the strata subsidence for fracture and bending zones and analyzing strata collapsing development for the caving zone are proposed based on the influence function method and mechanical analyses. In addition, on the basis of such models, a new comprehensive model to describe the strain‐porosity‐permeability of strata is developed. In the case study of applying such models in an underground mine, the reliability of the strata movement model is verified and the permeability change is also calculated, which gives a good guidance to design the location of gas drainage roadway practices in the future. The field engineering practice shows its good application.

The personal thermal comfort model is used to design and control the thermal environment and predict the thermal comfort responses of individuals rather than reflect the average response of the population. Previous individual thermal comfort models were mainly focused on a single material environment. However, the channels for individual thermal comfort were various in real life. Therefore, a new personal thermal comfort evaluation method is constructed by means of a reliable decision-based fuzzy classification model from two views. In this study, a two-view thermal comfort fuzzy classification model was constructed using the interpretable zero-order Takagi–Sugeno–Kang (TSK) fuzzy classifier as the basic training subblock, and it is the first time an optimized machine learning algorithm to study the interpretable thermal comfort model is used. The relevant information (including basic information, sampling conditions, physiological parameters, physical environment, environmental perception, and self-assessment parameters) was obtained from 157 subjects in experimental chambers with two different materials. This proposed method has the following features: (1) The training samples in the input layer contain the feature data under experimental conditions with two different materials. The training models constructed from the training samples under these two conditions complement and restrict each other and improve the accuracy of the whole model training. (2) In the rule layer of the training unit, interpretable fuzzy rules are designed to solve the existing layers with the design of short rules. The output of the intermediate layer of the fuzzy classifier and the fuzzy rules are difficult to explain, which is problematic. (3) Better decision-making knowledge information is obtained in both the rule layer of the single-view training model and in the two-view fusion model. In addition, the feature mapping space is generated according to the degree of contribution of the decision-making information from the two single training views, which not only preserves the feature information of the source training samples to a large extent but also improves the training accuracy of the model and enhances the generalization performance of the training model. Experimental results indicated that TMV-TSK-FC has better classification performance and generalization performance than several related state-of-the-art non-fuzzy classifiers applied in this study. Significantly, compared with the single view fuzzy classifier, the training accuracies and testing accuracies of TMV-TSK-FC are improved by 3–11% and 2–9%, respectively. In addition, the experimental results also showed good semantic interpretability of TMV-TSK-FC.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and is a serious threat to women’s health. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a distressing symptom in BC patients during and after chemotherapy or radiation therapy that severely affects quality of life (QoL). AT is widely used for fatigue management. However, the effect of AT on CRF is still uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of AT in the management of CRF in patients with BC. Eleven databases were searched through June 2022. Two researchers independently performed the database search, study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. Study selection was performed based on predefined Participants, Intervention, Comparators, Outcomes, Study design (PICOS) criteria, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed when reporting the results. A meta-analysis was performed according to the Cochrane systematic review method using RevMan 5.3. A total of 12 studies including a total of 1084 participants were included. The results showed that AT had a beneficial effect compared with sham AT (n = 256, SMD = −0.26, 95% CI [−0.51, −0.01], p = 0.04, I2 = 0%) and a long-term effect on fatigue score (n = 209, MD = −0.32, 95% CI [–0.59, −0.04], p = 0.02, I2 = 0%). Meta-analysis showed that AT had a beneficial effect compared with usual care (UC) on fatigue scores (n = 238, SMD = −0.39, 95% CI [−0.66 to −0.12], p = 0.005, I2 = 0%). Of the 12 articles, 3 articles were judged as having a low risk of bias in all domains and hence were of high quality. No serious adverse effects were identified. AT is an effective and safe treatment for CRF, and AT is more effective than sham AT or UC or wait-list control (WLC). Nevertheless, the methodological quality of most of these studies was low, and the included studies/sample sizes were small, so the ability to derive decisive implications was limited. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.

Fast-growing poplar with low wood density has been generally regarded as a low-grade wood species and cannot be used as a building material due to its poor fire resistance. As the fire resistance of wood materials is positively correlated with density, combined treatment using resin impregnation, which imparts thermal resistance, and compression, which improves density, appeared to be a route toward improved combustion performance. Fast-growing poplar wood was modified with a combination of borate-containing phenol–formaldehyde resin impregnation and compression in a transverse direction at varying intensities. The effects of the combined treatment on fire resistance were then examined and discussed. Char residue morphology analysis and microscopic observations were conducted to reveal the effects and mechanism of the combined treatment on fire resistance improvement. The test results showed that fire resistance was greatly improved, including the static and dynamic bending performance at elevated and high temperatures, as well as the combustion performance. The higher the compression ratio was, the better the fire resistance of the modified wood.

Background. Few studies on the clinicopathological features and prognosis of DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) gastric cancer (GC) have been reported, and no clear conclusions have been drawn about the factors affecting the prognosis of dMMR GC. The aim of this study was to explore the clinicopathological characteristics and prognoses of dMMR GC patients. Methods. From May 2011 to November 2020, GC patients who underwent surgery with dMMR confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) at the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were selected. The patients’ clinical and pathological data were collected. The recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates of the patients were determined through follow-up. SPSS 26.0 was used to analyze the patients’ clinicopathological features and prognoses. Results. A total of 162 dMMR GC patients met the inclusion criteria, and the median age was 63.5 years (32–89 years). dMMR GC was more common in males (65% vs. 35%), and most of the cases were stage II (the prevalence of stage I was 22%, that of stage II was 43%, that of stage III was 30%, and that of stage IV was 5%). Most of the lesions were located in the antrum (49%), followed by the cardia (25%). PMS2 and MLH1 (57%) deficiency was most common. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that factors related to OS were family history (P=0.048), number of lymph node (LN) metastases (P6 LN metastases had a high recurrence rate and poor survival outcome.

The flexural behavior of CLT panels was experimentally studied. The effects of number of layers, thickness and wood combination on the failure modes, ultimate bearing capacity, stiffness, and ductility of the specimen were analyzed. The test results showed that the flexural strength of the hybrid CLT specimens was basically unchanged, but the stiffness increased by 8% to 22% compared with the CLT specimens of all poplar wood. Compared with the CLT of the whole Douglas fir, the failure mode of the hybrid specimens changes from brittle shear failure to ductile bending failure. Furthermore, the calculation formula of the bending bearing capacity under various failure modes was proposed. The analytical results agreed well with the test results.

Fast-growing poplar wood was modified with low molecular weight urea-formaldehyde resin (UF) at 41.5% concentration or phenol-formaldehyde (PF) at concentrations of 15, 25, and 40%. The physical and mechanical properties were measured, and creep behavior tests were carried out under ambient indoor conditions. The specimens were subjected to 30 and 50% of their maximum bending load. The density, modulus of elasticity, and modulus of rupture of UF-wood increased by 37.16, 45.86, and 28.36%, respectively, and the corresponding increases in 15% PF-specimen were 39.41, 31.80, and 27.74%, respectively. The wood modified with resins exhibited less creep deflection. The relative creep deflections of modified wood were about 0.22, 0.53, 1.22, and 0.32 times those of the untreated specimen at 30% of stress level after 15% PF, 25% PF, 40% PF, and UF were added, respectively. At the lower loading level, the relative creep deflection of the 15% PF specimen was 63.94% that of the 41.5% UF-specimen. Specimens treated with UF at 30 and 50% loading were broken within 120 d and 80 d respectively, whereas the untreated specimen was broken within one month at 50% loading.

The plate of a pultruded fiber-reinforced polymer or fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) profile produced via a pultrusion process is likely to undergo local buckling and cracking along the fiber direction under an external load. In this study, we constructed a pultruded glass-fiber-reinforced polymer-light wood composite (PGWC) profile to explore its mechanical performance. A rectangular cross-sectional PGWC profile was fabricated with a paulownia wood core, alkali-free glass fiber filaments, and unsaturated phthalate resin. Three-point bending and short column axial compression tests were conducted. Then, the stress calculation for the PGWC profile in the bending and axial compression tests was performed using the Timoshenko beam theory and the composite component analysis method to derive the flexural and axial compression rigidity of the profile during the elastic stress stage. The flexural capacity for this type of PGWC profile is 3.3-fold the sum of the flexural capacities of the wood core and the glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) shell. The equivalent flexural rigidity is 1.5-fold the summed flexural rigidity of the wood core and GFRP shell. The maximum axial compressive bearing capacity for this type of PGWC profile can reach 1.79-fold the sum of those of the wood core and GFRP shell, and its elastic flexural rigidity is 1.2-fold the sum of their rigidities. These results indicate that in PGWC profiles, GFRP and wood materials have a positive combined effect. This study produced a pultruded composite material product with excellent mechanical performance for application in structures that require a large bearing capacity.

Background : To describe the current landscape of non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT) services in China’s mainland, and analyze information obtained from a private NEMT company in Shanghai. Methods: With regards to the NEMT environment in China’s mainland, we collected relevant NEMT policies from the websites of local Health Commissions, and collected business operating data from a Chinese enterprise information query tool, Qichacha. With regards to NEMT service in Shanghai, we analyzed operating data from 3426 trips by a professional NEMT company. Descriptive statistics were used to explain the characteristics of NEMT trips, and log-linear analyses were performed to compare the trips inside Shanghai with trips to/from other areas. Results: Of the 3426 trips in this study, there were 2962 trips inside Shanghai (86.5%) and 464 trips to/from other areas (13.5%), and the number of trips to/from each province was related to the distance to Shanghai. When comparing transportation types between trips inside Shanghai and to/from other areas, there was a significant difference (χ 2=144.87, p Discussion and Conclusion: To lower the NEMT service costs and bring benefit to patients with a broader spectrum of diseases, medical insurance could completely or partially cover NEMT services, and companies could initiate rideshare services. Shanghai is an attractive place for patients, with the highest level of healthcare resources. Transportation combining high-speed trains and NEMT vehicles ensures patients who live further away can access health care in Shanghai.

Background : To describe the current landscape of non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT) services in China’s mainland, and analyze information obtained from a private NEMT company in Shanghai. Methods: With regards to the NEMT environment in China’s mainland, we collected relevant NEMT policies from the websites of local Health Commissions, and collected business operating data from a Chinese enterprise information query tool, Qichacha. With regards to NEMT service in Shanghai, we analyzed operating data from 3426 trips by a professional NEMT company. Descriptive statistics were used to explain the characteristics of NEMT trips, and log-linear analyses were performed to compare the trips inside Shanghai with trips to/from other areas. Results: Of the 3426 trips in this study, there were 2962 trips inside Shanghai (86.5%) and 464 trips to/from other areas (13.5%), and the number of trips to/from each province was related to the distance to Shanghai. When comparing transportation types between trips inside Shanghai and to/from other areas, there was a significant difference (χ 2=144.87, p Discussion and Conclusion: To lower the NEMT service costs and bring benefit to patients with a broader spectrum of diseases, medical insurance could completely or partially cover NEMT services, and companies could initiate rideshare services. Shanghai is an attractive place for patients, with the highest level of healthcare resources. Transportation combining high-speed trains and NEMT vehicles ensures patients who live further away can access health care in Shanghai.

Inorganic clays modified magnetic chitosan adsorbent (ICMMCA) was successfully prepared and systematically characterized in chemical structure and morphology. Effect of variables including initial pH and concentration of Cr(VI) in the solution, adsorption time, adsorption temperature and coexisting ions on the performance of ICMMCA in Cr(VI) removal from water were evaluated. Furthermore, the kinetic and thermodynamic studies were conducted to elucidate the adsorption mechanisms and thermodynamic characteristics of the adsorption process. The results demonstrated that the maximum Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of 94.67 mg/g could be achieved when the adsorbent loading was 1 g/L, the initial concentration of Cr(VI) was 100 mg/L, the adsorption time was 60 min and solution pH was at 5. The adsorption data could be well fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The adsorption process could be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultivation of microalgae using wastewater as nutrient resource is a promising strategy to reduce the microalgae biodiesel production cost and increase nutrient recovery in one step. However, the inhibitive effect of indigenous bacteria on microalgae could negatively affect microalgal growth. Thus, in this study, the effect of wastewater disinfection methods on the growth and biochemical composition of Chlorella sp. and the nutrient removal efficiency in cafeteria wastewater was evaluated. Results showed a significant increase in the microalgal density and a reduction in bacterial abundance in the disinfected wastewater. Moreover, chemical oxygen demand removal ranging from 83.53%-87.16% was achieved in 15-d incubation and complete removal of total nitrogen and total phosphorus was achieved after 6 d of incubation. The total carbohydrate, protein and fatty acid contents in the harvested biomass were 128.49-139.33, 43.24-56.14 and 17.34-23.58 mg·g-1 on dry weight basis, respectively. Palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid accounted for more than 90% of the total fatty acids in the biomass, indicating great potential as an alternative feedstock for biodiesel production. This study provides a simple and efficient disinfection strategy to enhance Chlorella sp. growth and biomass production for biodiesel production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]