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The current study was aimed at exploring (a) the links between perceived parenting styles (i.e., authoritarian parenting and authoritative parenting) and implicit theories of relationships (i.e., destiny belief and growth belief) and (b) the potential differences in such links based on romantic relationship status among emerging adults. A total of 578 participants aged 18–25 from Taiwan were included in the present study. By utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM), results indicated that perceived authoritative parenting linked to growth beliefs about romantic relationships, whereas perceived authoritarian parenting linked to both growth and destiny beliefs about romantic relationships. Additionally, according to the multigroup analysis of SEM, we found the associations between perceived parenting and implicit theories of relationships significantly varied by romantic relationship status. This study identified the critical relation between perceived parenting and youths’ romantic relationship beliefs and further revealed how these relations varied across young people with different relationship statuses.

Past studies have shown that individuals with higher avoidant attachments have satisfying relationships with romantic partners when they outperform their partners. However, these findings have not been examined in other cultural contexts or other intimate relationships (e.g., relationships with best friends). In this study, we investigated whether the relation between avoidance attachment and individuals’ psychological closeness with their romantic partners and best friends would be moderated by social comparison. Sixty-eight Chinese youths in romantic relationships and 120 Chinese youths in close friendships participated in the study. Participants were asked to complete a series of self-report questionnaires regarding avoidance attachment and psychological closeness and to recall experiences about social comparisons in their close relations with romantic partners or best friends using an open-ended form. Results suggested that compared to those lower in avoidance, individuals higher in avoidance had less closeness with their romantic partners after social comparisons. Moreover, these highly avoidant individuals tended to have less closeness with their romantic patterns after an upward comparison than a downward comparison. However, unlike in romantic relationships, highly avoidantly attached participants were not significantly different from those less in avoidance in the closeness with their best friends following social comparisons. Furthermore, although both individuals who are higher and lower in avoidance experienced changes in their closeness with best friends following upward and downward comparisons, these changes were not significant.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a life-threatening hematological malignant disease. Methylation plays a crucial role in the etiology and pathogenesis of AML. The aim of the present study was to identify the aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in AML and determine the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis by conducting integrated bioinformatics analyses. Gene expression profiles (GSE109179, GSE142699, GSE49665 and GSE14772) and a gene methylation profile (GSE42042) were analyzed to identify the aberrantly methylated DEGs. Functional enrichment analyses of identified genes were conducted based on the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases, and protein-protein interaction networks were established. Finally, the DEGs were validated by the reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis of patient samples. A total of seven downregulated hypermethylated genes and eight upregulated hypomethylated genes were validated. The differentially methylated DEGs were enriched in GO biological process terms associated with control of the immune response and the KEGG analysis indicated they were involved in AML, ferroptosis, TGF-β signaling and necroptosis pathways. Additionally, five downregulated hypermethylated genes that were also tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) were identified.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between beliefs about filial piety, implicit theories of romantic relationships, and relational intimacy in romantic relationships among Chinese youth. We surveyed 205 youths in Taiwan who were in romantic relationships to learn their beliefs about filial piety, implicit beliefs about romantic relationships, and relational intimacy. The results of our structural equation modeling showed that beliefs about reciprocal filial piety are positively associated with relational intimacy and beliefs about the growth of romantic relationships are negatively associated with beliefs about destiny. In addition, authoritarian parenting can lessen relational intimacy by instilling stronger beliefs about destiny in romantic relationships. However, beliefs about growth in romantic relationships are not associated with relational intimacy.

In this study, we investigated the relations between family interaction, gratitude, and depressive symptoms among Chinese emerging adults. It also investigated gratitude as a mediator in the relation between family interaction and depression. Data were obtained from 321 college students who completed the online questionnaire about the Family Assessment Instrument, Gratitude Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire, and demographic information. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test hypotheses and bootstrapping with 5,000 resamplings (95% confidence interval) was used to confirm the mediation model. Results showed that gratitude partially mediated the relation between family interaction and depression. In other words, students with healthy family interaction, as indicated by perceived better family communication, mutuality, and harmony with family members, tended to report higher general gratitude, and subsequently diminished depressive symptoms. The practical implications were discussed.

This study investigated variance in the structure, functions and implications of young adults’ dual filial piety beliefs in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan using the dual filial piety model (DFPM). A total of 879 Chinese college students participated in the study, including 424 students in Hong Kong, 155 in Macau and 300 in Taiwan. Information on these young adults’ filial piety beliefs and life satisfaction was collected. The results showed that while measures of filial piety beliefs performed well in general in the three regions, there were some regional differences. Young adults in Taiwan and Macau endorsed stronger reciprocal filial piety beliefs than young adults in Hong Kong, whereas young adults in Macau and Taiwan endorsed stronger authoritarian filial piety beliefs than their peers in Taiwan. In Taiwan, both reciprocal and authoritarian filial piety positively contributed to young adults’ life satisfaction. However, only reciprocal filial piety mattered for life satisfaction in Macau, and only authoritarian filial piety in Hong Kong.

Hypervalent organoiodane reagents are ubiquitous in organic synthesis, both as oxidants and as electrophilic group-transfer agents. In addition to these hallmark applications, a complementary strategy is gaining momentum that exploits the ability of λ-iodanes to undergo iodine-to-arene group transfer, for example, via iodonio-Claisen-type rearrangement processes. This Minireview discusses recent advances in the use of this method to access a variety of the C−H-functionalized iodoarenes. While Section 2 is focused on the ortho C−H propargylation, allylation, and the more unusual para C−H benzylation, Section 3 is devoted to the C-arylation of enol and phenol substrates. The accompanying discussion includes mechanistic considerations and goes into the synthetic applications of the final iodoarene cores. The Minireview concludes with further conceptual extensions of the method, including the use of non-conventional coupling partners (for example, cyanoalkylation), improved access to λ-iodane building blocks, and the development of iterative approaches to polysubstituted iodoarenes., This work was funded by MINECO (CTQ2013‐46705‐R, CTQ2017‐86936‐P) and AGAUR (2017 SGR 1051, 2017 SGR 00294). Financial support from URL (2019‐URL_Proj‐034, doctoral funding for W. W. C.) and IQS‐Obra Social La Caixa (2017‐URL‐Intermac‐010) is also gratefully acknowledged.

Although ample evidence exists that parenting is associated with children’s subjective well-being, researchers have not yet empirically examined the potential mechanism of this relationship. In this study, we consider emotional intelligence and cognitive flexibility as crucial capacities that could mediate the relationships between various parenting strategies (e.g., authoritative and authoritarian parenting) and young adults’ well-being (e.g., a high level of life satisfaction and lower levels of mental disorders). We collected survey data from 439 Taiwanese young adults aged 18 through 24. Via structural equation modeling analysis, we found that (a) authoritative parenting positively relates to young adults’ life satisfaction and negatively relates to their mental disorders, whereas authoritarian parenting positively relates to their mental disorders; (b) emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between authoritative parenting and young adults’ life satisfaction; and (c) cognitive flexibility mediates the relationship between authoritative and authoritarian parenting and young adults’ mental disorders. These results highlight the importance of democratic, warm, and responsive parenting that helps shape young adults’ cognitive flexibility, emotional intelligence, and subjective well-being.

Caenorhabditis elegans serves as a model for understanding adiposity and its connections to aging. Current methodologies do not distinguish between fats serving the energy needs of the parent, akin to mammalian adiposity, from those that are distributed to the progeny, making it difficult to accurately interpret the physiological implications of fat content changes induced by external perturbations. Using spectroscopic coherent Raman imaging, we determine the protein content, chemical profiles and dynamics of lipid particles in live animals. We find fat particles in the adult intestine to be diverse, with most destined for the developing progeny. In contrast, the skin-like epidermis contains fats that are the least heterogeneous, the least dynamic and have high triglyceride content. These attributes are most consistent with stored somatic energy reservoirs. These results challenge the prevailing practice of assessing C. elegans adiposity by measurements that are dominated by the intestinal fat content.

Whether people believe their romantic relationship quality can be improved or not could largely influence the relationship consequences. However, relatively fewer studies have focused on the potential factors that account for the association between such beliefs and romantic relationship satisfaction (RS). In the current research, we aimed to investigate the relation between implicit theories of relationships (ITRs) and RS and the potential moderating role of perceived partner responsiveness (PPR) in such relation. An online survey was administered to 300 Chinese young adults (aged 18–35) who were currently in romantic relationships, measuring their implicit beliefs about romantic relationships, PPR, and RS. Results indicated that (a) growth beliefs of ITRs and PPR were positively associated with RS, respectively; (b) destiny beliefs of ITRs were not significantly associated with RS; and (c) PPR moderated the relation between growth beliefs of ITRs and RS. Growth beliefs were significantly positively correlated with RS in lower PPR conditions but not in higher PPR conditions. We further discussed the theoretical and practical implications of these results.

Supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing (SDD) as a dyeing media not only provides a friendly dyeing environment but also significantly increases polymeric dyeing performances ascribed to strong azo dye affinity. Disperse azo dyes have shown to be highly efficient dyeing agents due to their facile coupling synthesis, side chains position, and length tunability to optimize absorption properties. Herein, we first synthesize two series of disperse red azo dyes via a coupling chemical route. Further, we investigate the position of the electron withdrawing group and alkyl chains length impact onto the absorption and color fastness properties. Upon synthesis, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy were used to characterize our newly synthesized series dye structure. Also, according to spectroscopic characterization, the functional group positions as well as the alkyl chains length have a major impact on the dye series maximum light absorption wavelength and performance. We have performed SDD dyeing of polyethylene terephthalate woven and determined each dye color fastness, we find that a reduced electron withdrawing effect and alkyl chains increase reduce color-fastness performances. Overall, our dyes exhibited a good resistance against detergent water, perspiration, abrasion, and friction.

Numerous applications of machine vision exist in animal husbandry research. In this study, we proposed an effective method for detecting boar nipples. This research began with collecting boar abdominal videos during the monthly breeding competition in July 2020 to build a database and then detecting boar nipples via two various neural networks: single shot detector and faster region-based convolutional neural networks. The comparisons showed that the single shot detector achieved better results than the faster region-based convolutional neural networks.

With increasing recognition of and concern about mental health problems in Chinese young adults, the factors that contribute to mental health in Chinese young adults are receiving growing attention. Prior research has documented that adult attachment styles may be a risk factor for depression and anxiety in Western societies. However, little is known about the relation between adult attachment and mental health problems in China. In addition, research on the underlying mechanism between adult attachment and mental health problems is limited. The present study aimed to examine (1) the relation between adult attachment and young adults’ mental health problems in China and (2) the mediating effect of self-esteem in the relation between adult attachment and young adults’ mental health problems in China. The study was based on a sample of 305 urban Chinese students who completed a questionnaire about their attachment styles, self-esteem, and general mental health. Structural equation modeling was used to test our hypotheses. The results showed that (1) Both anxious and avoidant attachment linked to mental health problems in China through the partial mediating effect of self-esteem; (2) Anxious adult attachment also directly and positively associated with mental health problems, and (3) Avoidant adult attachment directly and negatively associated with mental health problems. The findings are interpreted on the basis of Chinese cultural features.

Researchers in this study aimed to examine the effect of square dance on the subjective well-being of middle-aged and empty-nest women, as well as the potential moderating role of group belongingness in the relationship between family cohesion and subjective well-being. A total of 331 middle-aged and empty-nest Chinese women participated in a survey to measure their family adaptability and cohesion, group belongingness, general well-being, and square-dancing participation information. The results were found as follows: (a) Chinese middle-aged and empty-nest women's family cohesion was positively associated with subjective well-being, and their group belongingness in square dance was positively associated with subjective well-being; (b) participation in square dance can be the moderator the relationship between family cohesion and subjective well-being; (c) group belongingness was found to be a moderator in the relationship between family cohesion and subjective well-being.

We describe a simple approach to dispersion-free optical delay line design that provides very low aberration over an extended delay range. In this approach, we minimize aberrations by directing non-axial beam displacements along a line of symmetry built into the apparatus. We show improved performance and significant reduction of wavefront aberrations by comparing simulation and experimental results with a similar delay line that lacks this line of symmetry. The new design facilitates transform-limited recovery of spectral resolution in Fourier transform coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, and accordingly, we demonstrate 3.5 c m − 1 spectral resolution with a 10 ps delay scan range.

Introduction: Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS) is one of the most cost-effective approaches for TB treatment. However, TB incidence rates remain high in the mountain areas of Taiwan. A lay health advisor (LHA) strategy is integrated into DOTS as an Enhanced-DOTS (E-DOTS) to provide trustworthy, culturally-specific services in mountain areas that consider the characteristics of local ethnic groups. Methodology: We recruited two Taiwanese indigenes as LHAs (one for each county) to screen close contacts in five townships of Hualien and Nantou counties from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013. Incidence and active finding rates of TB during the E-DOTS periods (2011-2013 for Hualien and 2012-2013 for Nantou) were compared with data when traditional DOTS was implemented (2006-2010 for Hualien and 2006-2011 for Nantou) to evaluate the effectiveness of E-DOTS using the before-and-after study design. Results: Incidence rate in Hualien decreased from 393.3 in 2011 to 235.7 in 2013 per 100,000 population and from 338 in 2012 to 235.5 in 2013 in Nantou mountain area. Furthermore, the active case finding rate increased from 15.42% in 2012 to 27.38% in 2013 as compared to an average of 6.5% for CDC, Taiwan, for the specified years. TB treatment success rates were significantly improved from an average of less than 80% to an average of higher than 90% after E-DOTS was implemented. Conclusions: Our findings highlighted that the use of LHAs in E-DOTS is an effective and applicable strategy for controlling tuberculosis in the mountain areas of Taiwan.

Aims This study compared the incidence rates of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and patients without DM with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a national population-based cohort to determine if the patients with DM have an increased risk of adverse outcomes. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study among 92,624 patients with and without DM, who underwent PCI for the first time in 2000–2008. The patients were identified from National Health Insurance Program Database through propensity score matching. Endpoints were the occurrence of PCI adverse outcomes, including myocardial infarction (MI), need for target vessel revascularization by either bypass surgery or repeat PCI, all-cause mortality or 2011/12/31. Incidence rate was calculated and hazard ratios of PCI adverse events were estimated using Cox’s proportional hazard regression model. Results During the mean six-year follow up, the rates of MI (incidence rate 20.96 vs. 15.59 per 1,000 person-years), bypass surgery (incidence rate 8.15 vs. 5.15 per 1,000 person-years), all-cause mortality (incidence rate 6.20 vs. 4.72 per 1,000 person-years), and the composite measure of MI, repeat PCI, bypass surgery, all-cause mortality (incidence rate 37.31 vs. 28.14 per 1,000 person-years) were higher in patients with DM. The corresponding hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were 1.34 (95% CI: 1.29, 1.39), 1.46 (1.38, 1.56), 1.34 (1.25, 1.44), and 1.31 (1.27, 1.35). However, the repeat PCI rate (incidence rate 2.65 vs. 2.70 per 1,000 person-years; with an adjusted HR of 0.97 (0.88, 1.07) was not statistically different. Conclusions This nationwide retrospective cohort study determined a positive correlation between PCI adverse events and DM. As the prevalence of DM and PCI continues to increase, novel treatments and intensified surveillance coronary angiography for high risk patients are needed.

Electric vehicles (EVs) is attracting great attentions worldwide due to its significant effect on reduction of oil dependency and carbon emissions, which are the critical issues faced by conventional vehicles. However, there are also problems for EVs, one of which is range anxiety. In order to alleviate range anxiety of drivers, it is very important to predict the remaining driving range accurately. This paper aims to improve the accuracy of the remaining driving range estimation using Back Propagation Neural Network method. The data used to train the model was collected from six operating vehicles, which can reflect the real-world driving condition. The results show that the established model significantly improved the accuracy of the remaining driving range estimation.

Microarray expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs were investigated in HepG2 cells treated with 20 μg/ml ginsenoside Rh2 as well as in ginsenoside Rh2-untreated cells. Microarray analysis showed 618 upregulated lncRNAs and 161 downregulated lncRNAs in HepG2 cells treated with ginsenoside Rh2 compared with the control group. Moreover, three differentially expressed lncRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). This may be beneficial to patients as an anti-cancer treatment and potentially provide novel targets for HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) therapy.

Reciprocal and authoritarian filial piety beliefs have been shown to have distinct relationships with psychological development and well-being. Such beliefs provide an important foundation for parent–child relationships in Chinese families. However, the literature remains unclear about the mechanism through which filial piety contributes to individuals’ well-being. Because researchers have identified cognitive flexibility as a crucial factor in family contexts and demonstrated that it is associated with individuals’ well-being, the present study aimed to examine the mediating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between filial piety and Chinese young adults’general mental health (i.e., self-esteem, life satisfaction, and mental wellness). A total of 455 college students from Taiwan participated in the survey. Structural equation modeling yielded the following findings: (a) Reciprocal filial piety was positively associated with cognitive flexibility and authoritarian filial piety was negatively associated with cognitive flexibility; (b) cognitive flexibility contributed positively to life satisfaction, self-esteem, and mental wellness; and (c) cognitive flexibility mediated the relationship of the two filial piety beliefs with life satisfaction, self-esteem, and mental wellness. These findings indicate that the two filial piety beliefs, which reflect different parent–child relationship quality nurtured in family contexts, could relate to individuals’ flexible mindsets.

This study investigated the relationships between reciprocal filial piety beliefs, emotional intelligence, and life satisfaction among Taiwanese young adults. A total of 481 college students from Taiwan were recruited for the study. Structural equation modelling was employed to analyze the data. The analysis produced the following results. First, reciprocal filial piety was positively related to all of the four types of emotional intelligence: self-emotional appraisal (SEA), others' emotional appraisal (OEA), regulation of emotion (ROE), and use of emotion (UOE). Second, both ROE and UOE had a positive association with life satisfaction whereas SEA and OEA had a nonsignificant association with life satisfaction. Third, the two types of emotional intelligence, ROE and UOE, mediated the relation between reciprocal filial piety and young adults' life satisfaction. The findings suggest that reciprocal filial piety, representing high-quality interaction between children and parents, can facilitate individuals' ability to control and use their emotions, which in turn improves their life satisfaction.