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Background Left atrial thrombus (LAT) often complicates with atrial fibrillation (AF). The evidence whether fibrin D-dimer levels could be used as a predictive biomarker for LAT is contradictory. This study firstly investigated the relationship between ‘normal range’ D-dimer and prevalent LAT. Second, we explored factors contributing to normal D-dimer levels in the presence of LAT. Methods We studied 244 AF patients with LAT (mean age: 59.9 years, SD:11.7; 53.3% female): of these, 103 (42.2%) had normal D-dimer, 25 (10.2%) had atrial thrombus exclusion score (ATE score) of 0 19 (16.7%) males had CHA2DS2-VASc score of 0, 21(16.2%) females had CHA2DS2-VASc score of 1 and 16 had overlapped ATE score of 0 and CHA2DS2-VASc score of 0 (N = 8 if male) or CHA2DS2-VASc score of 1(N = 8 if female). Using multivariate binary analysis, larger left atrial diameter (LAD; adjusted OR: 1.06, 1.03−1.10, p = 0.001) were associated with increased D-dimer. Patients with high body mass index (BMI), hypertension history and previous anticoagulation were more likely to show normal range D-dimer levels in the presence of LAT. Conclusions A high prevalence (42.2%) of ‘normal range’ D-dimer levels was found in AF patients with LAT, especially in those with hypertension, high BMI and prior anticoagulation. D-dimer levels of those patients with larger LAD were more likely to be increased.

PurposeUniversal germline testing in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) with a multigene panel can detect various hereditary cancer syndromes. This study was performed to understand how to choose a testing panel and whether the result would affect clinical management.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 486 eligible patients with CRC, including all patients with CRC diagnosed under age 70 years and patients with CRC diagnosed over 70 years with hereditary risk features between November 2017 and January 2018. All participants received germline testing for various hereditary cancer syndromes.ResultsThe prevalence of germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in cancer susceptibility genes was 7.8% (38/486), including 25 PVs in genes with high-risk CRC susceptibility (the minimal testing set) and 13 PVs in genes with moderate-risk CRC susceptibility or increased cancer risk other than CRC (the additional testing set). All the clinically relevant PVs were found in patients diagnosed under age 70 years. Among them, 11 patients would not have been diagnosed if testing reserved to present guidelines. Most (36/38) of the patients with PVs benefited from enhanced surveillance and tailored treatment. PVs in genes from the minimal testing set were found in all age groups, while patients carried PVs in genes from the additional testing set were older than 40 years.ConclusionUniversal germline testing for cancer susceptibility genes should be recommended among all patients with CRC diagnosed under age 70 years. A broad panel including genes from the additional testing set might be considered for patients with CRC older than 40 years to clarify inheritance risks.Trial registration numberNCT03365986.

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia, which is closely related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although acupuncture is used in the treatment of AF, the evidence is insufficient. The objective of this pilot trial is to evaluate the feasibility, preliminary efficacy, and safety of acupuncture in reducing AF burden for persistent AF after catheter ablation (CA). Methods and design This will be a multi-center, 3-arm, pilot randomized controlled trial in China. Sixty patients in total will be randomly assigned to the specific acupoints group, the non-specific acupoints group, or the non-acupoints group in a 1:1:1 ratio. The whole study period is 6 months, including a 3-month treatment period and a 3-month follow-up period. All patients will receive 18 sessions of acupuncture over 12 weeks after CA and appropriate post-ablation routine treatment. The primary outcome is AF burden at 6 months after CA measured by electrocardiography patch that can carry out a 7-day continuous ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring. The secondary outcomes include AF burden at 3 months after CA, recurrence of AF, quality of life, etc. The adverse events will also be recorded. Discussion This pilot study will contribute to evaluating the feasibility, preliminary efficacy, and safety of acupuncture in reducing AF burden for persistent AF after CA. The results will be used for the sample size calculation of a subsequent large-scale trial. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000030576. Registered on 7 March 2020.

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen and other approaches for treating the osteoradionecrosis of the jaws (ORNJ) systematically. METHODS: According to the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria, randomized controlled trials and cohort studies on hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of ORNJ were screened, and foreign language databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library were searched via a computer; Chinese databases such as CNKI, VIP, Wanfang data, and CBM were searched from the established database to September 2020. Relevant books were searched manually to collect all literatures on the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen and its related therapies in ORNJ treatment. Two researchers were independent and mutually blind, the papers were selected, data were collected, and the bias risk was evaluated. If any difference was detected, it would be decided by discussion or arbitrated by a third party. The data related to the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen and its related therapy in the treatment of the ORNJ were extracted, and the Revman5.4 software was used for Meta-analysis. In case of large heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis was performed. A funnel chart was used to evaluate possible publication bias qualitatively. RESULTS: Four randomized controlled trials and seven cohort studies were included in Meta-analyses. In ORNJ treatment, no significant differences between the group subjected to hyperbaric oxygen and both surgery and antibiotics and the group that underwent both surgery and antibiotics (RR=1.16, 95%CI: 0.86~1.58, P>0.05); between the group with hyperbaric oxygen and the group with antibiotics (RR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.63~1.09, P>0.05); between the group with hyperbaric oxygen and the group with antifibrotic drugs (RR=0.07, 95%CI: 0.00~155.86, P>0.05); between the group with single or combined use of HBO and the group with other intervention methods (RR=0.89, 95%CI: 0.67~1.19, P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy cannot replace surgery and antibiotic therapy. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is not superior to antibiotics and antifibrotic drugs, but the benefits of antifibrotic drugs should be further explored.

Aims and objectives To assess the effects of three different bowel preparation methods on the incidence of infectious complications in patients who underwent transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsy. Background The standard bowel preparation protocol for prostate biopsy has not been established. Design A retrospective study in a single centre. Methods From January 2013–December 2015, the clinical records of 1,130 patients who underwent prostate biopsy were, respectively, reviewed. All the patients received metronidazole prophylaxis before biopsy. The patients were divided into three groups according to the bowel preparation methods: patients in Group A (n = 402) received only soapy enema; patients in Group B (n = 413) received polyethylene glycol; while patients in Group C (n = 315) received polyethylene glycol plus povidone–iodine enema. Infectious complications were classified as fever (>37.5°C), urinary tract infection and sepsis. The postoperative adverse events were also observed. Results The overall postbiopsy infectious complications were observed in 48 (4.25%) patients of all the cases, including 23 (5.72%) cases in Group A, 20 (4.84%) cases in Group B and five patients (1.59%) in Group C. There was significant difference among the groups (p = .018). In detail, these infectious complications included 22 (1.95%) cases of fever and 26 (2.30%) cases of urinary tract infection. No sepsis was observed among the total patients. The incidence of adverse events was 14.43% (58/402) occurred in Group A, 25.91% (107/413) in Group B and 26.67% (84/315) in Group C. The difference was statistically significant. Conclusions Our study confirmed that combined preparation regimens of polyethylene glycol with povidone–iodine enema could significantly reduce the postbiopsy infection rate. Conventional soapy enema is associated with less adverse events. Relevance to clinical practice Findings of this study provide useful evidence-based information for healthcare professionals. The application of combined preparation regimens of polyethylene glycol with povidone–iodine enema resulted in better improvement in the prevention of postbiopsy infection.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent form of cardiac arrhythmia and major cause of cardiac ischemia. Defective calcium homeostasis due to anomalous expression of ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) or its hyperactivation by phosphorylation by serine threonine kinases has been implicated as a central mechanism of AF pathogenesis. Given the role of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in cardiac function we investigated role of PKC in AF using a rat model. PMA induced global increase in protein synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts isolated from AF rats, but not healthy controls, and the increase was inhibited by PKC inhibition. PMA mediated activation of both PKC and ERK and either inhibition of PKC by Go6983 or ERK by the MEK inhibitor Trametinib attenuated both P-ERK and P-PKC in both cardiac fibroblasts isolated from AF rats or from healthy rats but transduced with PKC-delta. The PKC and ERK mediated induction of global protein synthesis was found to be mediated by increased phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6. Our findings provide a foundation for future testing of PKC and MEK inhibitors to treat AF in pre-clinical models. It also needs to be determined if PKC and MAPK pathway activation is functioning via RyR2 or some yet undefined substrates.

Axonal degeneration is a common pathological change of neurogenical disease which often arises before the neuron death. But it had not found any effective method to protect axon from degeneration. In this study we intended to confirm the protective effect of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), investigate the optimal administration dosage and time of NAD, and identify the relationship between silence signal regulating factor 1 (SIRT1) and axonal degeneration. An axonal degeneration model was established using dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons injured by vincristine to observe the protective effects of NAD to the injured axons. In addition, the potential contribution of the SIRT1 in axonal degeneration was also investigated. Through the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, immunochemistry staining, axons counting and length measuring, transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation, we demonstrated that NAD played an important role in preventing axonal degeneration. Further study revealed that the expression of SIRT1 and phosphorylated Akt1 (p-Akt1) was up-regulated when NAD was added into the culturing medium. Taking together, our results demonstrated that NAD might delay the axonal degeneration through SIRT1/Akt1 pathways.

Resveratrol is originally extracted from huzhang, a Chinese herbal medicine. Recently, resveratrol has attracted a great of attention due to its antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. Although the neuroprotection of resveratrol on neural damages in various models has been well characterized, little is known about the role of resveratrol in methamphetamine (MA) induced neurotoxicity in mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. Dopaminergic neurons were isolated from midbrain of mouse embryos at embryonic day 15 and cultured in the presence of MA and resveratrol. Cell viability was examined by MTT assay and the apoptosis was assessed using Hoechst33342/PI double staining. To evaluate the Oxidative damage, ROS assay was performed. Moreover, the changes of time course of intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca(2+) ]i) were analyzed with Fluo-3/AM tracing. The data showed that MA induced the neurotoxicity of cultured cells in a dose-dependent manner. Resveratrol significantly increased cellular viability and retarded cell apoptosis. Furthermore, resveratrol also attenuated MA induced ROS production and intracellular free calcium overload. Our results suggest that resveratrol protects dopaminergic neurons from MA-induced neuronal cytotoxicity, which, at least partly, is mediated by inhibition of [Ca(2+) ]i and oxidative stress. © 2015 BioFactors 41(4):252-260, 2015.

NaYbF4: Yb3+, Tm3+ nanoparticles (UCNPs) capped with oleic acid (OA) have been synthesized via high-temperature solvent reaction. The optimization sample of NaYb0.96Er0.02Tm0.02F4 nanoparticles possess spectral purity (the Snw value is bigger than 0.7) and intense near infrared to near infrared (NIR-to-NIR) upconversion luminescence (UCL) (the power of laser is as low as 3.8 W), which makes them ideal and promising platforms for high contrast bioimaging.

Multifunctional high-performance La1−xSrxMnO3@Au core–shell nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a modified nanoemulsion method with the assistance of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEO-PPO-PEO). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses confirm the structure and morphology of the nanoparticles. The measurements obtained using ultraviolet-visible light absorbance spectrometry (UV-vis), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and a physical property measurement system (PPMS) demonstrate that the nanoparticles exhibit a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption band around 561 nm from nanostructured Au and a unique magnetic nature at room temperature. Particularly, a sharp, tight phase transition from ferromagnetic to superparamagnetic states is observed in a free-standing La1−xSrxMnO3 nanoparticle system for the first time with a Curie temperature around room temperature. The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was studied for safe biomedical applications using an MTT assay. The results show that the La1−xSrxMnO3@Au core–shell nanoparticles with lower cytotoxicity, well-defined magnetic and optical properties are promising for optical, magnetic, and biomedical application.

This paper analyses the characteristics of large-scale offshore wind farm collection network and the impact of the medium voltage collection system optimization,while from the electrical technology point,it proposes the short circuit current of the collection network computational model and algorithms,based on the principle of equivalent circuit.Taking a wind power coolection system planned for a certain offshore wind farm planning for example, the validity of the model and algorithm is verified.

Intermetallic compound Al3Ti-based IMC coatings were formed on AA6063 aluminum alloy by laser cladding. The microstructure and corrosion characteristics in 3.5% NaCl solution were investigated. The results show that, the laser cladding coating is made up of Al3Ti dendrites, interdendritic α-Al and uniform distribution of TiC which hardly melted during laser irradiation, and shows good bonding to the substrate. The cross distribution of Al3Ti and α-Al helps to avoid the generation of cracks in the coating. The corrosion resistance of the laser cladding coatings is greatly increased as compared with the substrate, which owes mainly to the existence of hard Al3Ti and TiC. And with the increasing of TiC content in the coating, the corrosion resistance is improved simultaneously.

Al3Ti-based intermetallic compound coatings were formed on AA6063 aluminum alloy by laser cladding. The microstructure, wear and corrosion behaviors were investigated. The results showed that, the laser cladding coatings were made up of Al3Ti dendrites, interdendritic α-Al and uniform distribution of TiC particles, and showed good bonding to the substrate. The microhardness, wear and corrosion resistances of the laser cladding coatings greatly increased compared to the substrate. And with the addition of TiC particles to the coating, the superficial properties are improved simultaneously.

A Two-Unit system with connecting and disconnecting effect is studied in this paper. By the method of Functional analysis strong continuous semi-group, the paper analyzes the restriction of essential spectral growth bound of the system operator. The restriction of essential spectral growth bound of the system operator and the change of the essential spectral radius after perturbation is analyzed. The essential spectral radius of the system operator is also discussed before and after perturbation. The results show that under some conditions the dynamic solution of the system is exponential stability and tends to the steady solution of the system. At last, we analyze the reliability of the system.

A catalog of 4231 Galactic H2CO absorption lines ( $\sim 2241$ sources) at 6 cm has been collected from the literature published up to 2014. The distribution of these H2CO absorption lines has been compared with the OH masers at 18 cm in the Milky Way. Most of the OH masers are distributed in the inner Galaxy ( $-75^{\circ} < l < 75^{\circ}$ ) with a higher Galactic latitude than the H2CO sources ( $-5^{\circ} < b < 5^{\circ}$ ). The longitude-velocity distributions of H2CO and OH show that the majority of the objects are located in the molecular ring following the CO molecular gas distribution. The range of velocities of the OH masers is larger and distribution more diffuse than the H2CO sources in the Galactic longitude range $30^{\circ} < l < 90^{\circ}$ . The H2CO sources have been matched with the four ground state transitions of OH and a close associations have been found with H2CO clouds with small velocity differences ( $

A total of 197 relatively isolated high-mass star-forming clumps were selected from the Millimeter Astronomy Legacy Team 90 GHz (MALT90) survey data and their global chemical evolution investigated using four molecular lines, $\mbox{N}_{2}\mbox{H}^{+}\ \mbox{(1--0)}$ , $\mbox{HCO}^{+}\ \mbox{(1--0)}$ , HCN (1–0), and HNC (1–0). The results suggest that the global averaged integrated intensity ratios $I(\mbox{HCO}^{+})/I(\mbox{HNC})$ , $I(\mbox{HCN})/I(\mbox{HNC})$ , $I(\mbox{N}_{2}\mbox{H}^{+})\mbox{/}I(\mbox{HCO}^{+})$ , and $I(\mbox{N}_{2}\mbox{H}^{+})\mbox{/} I(\mbox{HCN})$ are promising tracers for evolution of high-mass star-forming clumps. The global averaged column densities and abundances of $\mbox{N}_{2}\mbox{H}^{+}$ , $\mbox{HCO}^{+}$ , $\mbox{HCN}$ , and $\mbox{HNC}$ increase as clumps evolve. The global averaged abundance ratios $X(\mbox{HCN})\mbox{/}X(\mbox{HNC})$ could be used to trace evolution of high-mass star forming clumps, $X(\mbox{HCO}^{+})\mbox{/}X(\mbox{HNC})$ is more suitable for distinguishing high-mass star-forming clumps in prestellar (stage A) from those in protostellar (stage B) and HII/PDR region (stage C). These results suggest that the global averaged integrated intensity ratios between HCN (1–0), HNC (1–0), $\mbox{HCO}^{+}\ \mbox{(1--0)}$ and $\mbox{N}_{2}\mbox{H}^{+}\ \mbox{(1--0)}$ are more suitable for tracing the evolution of high-mass star forming clumps. We also studied the chemical properties of the target high-mass star-forming clumps in each spiral arm of the Galaxy, and got results very different from those above. This is probably due to the relatively small sample in each spiral arm. For high-mass star-forming clumps in Sagittarius arm and Norma-Outer arm, comparing two groups located on one arm with different Galactocentric distances, the clumps near the Galactic Center appear to be younger than those far from the Galactic center, which may be due to more dense gas concentrated near the Galactic Center, and hence more massive stars being formed there.

Bridge tower, time-varying temperature field, heat transfer analysis, finite element model. Abstract. Long span suspension bridges are subjected to daily, seasonal and yearly environmental thermal effects induced by solar radiation and ambient air temperature. This paper aims to investigate the temperature distribution of a tower of a long span suspension bridge. Two-dimensional heat transfer models are utilized to determine the time-dependent temperature distribution of the bridge tower of the bridge. The solar radiation model is utilized to examine the time-varying temperature distribution. Finite element models are constructed for the bridge tower to compute the temperature distribution. The numerical models can successfully predict the structural temperature field at different time. The methodology employed in the paper can be applied to other long-span bridges as well.

This paper describes mainly about using the technology of DLL to realize merging programming , integrating the visual interface of VB and the wavelet analytical function of Matlab. Design of simulation software shows the implementation approach provides a novel idea for the application of wavelet analysis.

Results of experimental study on fire resistance of four concrete encased steel (CES) columns are presented. The four columns have the same steel section and reinforcements but different load intensity and load eccentricity, which were the key factors for fire resistance of CES columns under fire condition. The tested results are utilized to study the effect of various parameters on thermal and structural response of CES columns. Spalling of CES columns under fire condition are also investigated. Test results show that CES columns under 3-side heating have higher fire resistance than that under 4-side heating. Also, load ratio and load eccentricity have noticeable influence on the fire resistance of CES columns. In addition, spalling of concrete decreases the fire resistance of CES columns.

Hydrodynamic conditions are important factors for planktonic algae growth, through introducing two parameters which express the optimal velocity and the velocity range for planktonic algae growth, a new velocity factor was put forward for the formula of growth rate. Therefore, the two-dimensional unsteady ecological dynamic model for algae growth was established to analyze the effects of hydrodynamic conditions on algae growth in Chongqing Reach of Jialing River in China. The temporal and spatial distribution of Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration was simulated numerically for various water levels, under climate conditions in period of high frequency for algae blooms of Three Gorges Reservoir and nutrition status at present in the research reach. The corresponding locations and areas of likely algae blooms were analyzed and forecasted. The results showed that about 0.04 m s −1 was the optimal velocity for algae growth, and the occurrence of algae blooms in large scale is almost impossible because of relatively high water flow velocity for Jialing River.

To determine the effects of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on the proliferation and expression of related-gene of adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) and its role in chondrogenic differentiation of ADSCs.Rat ADSCs were harvested and cultured, and then induced to osteogenic and adipogenic differentiations, detected with Alizarin red stained and Oil red O stain, respectively. The change of NO during chondrogenic differentiation of ADSCs was tested by NO detection kit. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) was used to detect the proliferation of ADSCs under different concentrations of SNP (0.25 mmol/L, 1.00 mmol/L, 4.00 mmol/L). Gene expression level of transformation growth factor (TGF-beta1) and specific gene of chondrogenic differentiation-signaling protein Smad3 and Collage II alPHA (Col-II alpha1), were detected by Real time- PCR (RT-PCR) method.Positive alizarin red staining and Oil red O staining were found after osteogenic and adipogenic induction of cultured ADSCs. Higher concentrations of NO were found in the supernatant of the experimental group with ADSCs chondrogenic differentiations compared with the controls (P0.05). Low concentrations (0. 25 mmol/L, 1.00 mmol/L) of SNP showed no significant effects on cell proliferations (P0.05), whereas high concentration (4. 00 mmol/L) of SNP inhibited cell proliferation (P0.05). RT-PCR revealed that SNP inhibited the gene expression of TGF-beta1 mRNA and chondrogenic differentiation of specific gene Smad3 mRNA, Col-II alpha1 mRNA.SNP can inhibit chondrogenic differentiations by suppressing the production of TGF-beta1 and inhibiting downstream of TGF-beta1 signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting ADSCs differentiation into chondrocytes.

OBEJECTIVE: To construct miRNA-expressing plasmid vector for interfering the expression of beta-catenin in adipose-derived stem cells from Sprague-Dawley rats.The double strands oligonucleotides of miR-expressing cassette were ligated into plasmid pSWH to generate pSWH-miR. Then the PCR product of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) open reading frame (ORF) fragment was inserted into BamH I and Xbo I digested pSWH-miR to generate pSWH-EGFP-miR. The adipose-derived stemcells from rats (rADSCs) were transfected with pSWH-EGFP-miR respectively. The expression of beta-catenin was determined by Western blot at 72 h post-transfection.Five miRNA-expressing plasmid vectors were constructed (miR-780, miR-796, miR-1467, miR-1948, miR-1960). miR-780 and miR-796 had the best silencing effect on the expression of beta-catenin (P0.05), less did the miR-1960 (P0.05), but not the miR-1467 and the miR-1948 (P0.05).miR-780 and miR-796 could interference the beta-catenin in ADSCs with high efficiency.

This paper presented an overview on the dynamic analysis and control of the transmission tower-line system in the past forty years. The challenges and future developing trends in the dynamic analysis and mitigation of the transmission tower-line system under dynamic excitations are also put forward. It also reviews the analytical models and approaches of the transmission tower, transmission lines, and transmission tower-line systems, respectively, which contain the theoretical model, finite element (FE) model and the equivalent model; shows the advances in wind responses of the transmission tower-line system, which contains the dynamic effects under common wind loading, tornado, downburst, and typhoon; and discusses the dynamic responses under earthquake and ice loads, respectively. The vibration control of the transmission tower-line system is also reviewed, which includes the magnetorheological dampers, friction dampers, tuned mass dampers, and pounding tuned mass dampers.

To investigate the effects of human treated dentin matrix (hTDM) extracellular matrix molecules on odontogenetic and neural differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) with an aim to find an effective method to collect extracellular matrix molecules to contribute to reparation dental-pulp complex with dentin defects.hDPCs were obtained and biological characteristics such as source of cells and multi-differentiation potentials were assessed using immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Fabrication of hTDM extracts and hDPCs was induced with it for 1 week. The odontogenetic differentiation associated genes were tested by qRT-PCR. Results qRT-PCR results showed that cells were higher expression of odontogenetic differentiation associated genes ALP, OPN, OCN, BSP, DMP-1, DSP, beta-III tubulin.The method of extracting extracellular matrix molecules from dentin matrix was effective. The extract liquid provides a suitable microenvironment for odontogenetic and neural differentiation of hDPCs and contributes to reparation dental-pulp complex.

To observe whether fetal bovine serum (FBS) will affect the adipogenic ability of adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) induced by adipose tissue extract (ATE), and to explore the effects of different FBS protein concentrations in ATE on adipogenic ability, cell proliferation and migration of ADSCs.Rat ADSCs were cultured, passaged, and then subjected to osteogenic and neural induction. The adipose explants were cultured in culture medium with or without FBS, then ATE was collected to induce passage four (P4)-ADSCs, which were subsequently detected with oil red staining on the 7th day and the adipogenic ratio was calculated. Different concentrations of ATE without FBS (100 microg/mL, 250 microg/mL and 500 microg/mL) were used to induce P4-ADSCs before the adipogenic events, and the adipogenic ratio of each concentration group was observed. The effect of different protein concentrations on ADSCs proliferation and migration was also observed.Alizarin red staining and NF immunofluorescence staining were positive after the osteogenic and neural induction of cultured ADSCs. Either ATE with or without FBS was able to induce adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs on the 3rd day and there was no significant differences of adipogenic differentiation between ATE with FBS and without FBS on the 7th day. The adipogenic ratio of 500 microg/mL group was higher than that of 100 pg/mL group and 250 microg/mL group (P0.05). After two days of induction, all the three different protein concentrations could inhibit cell proliferation, and different protein concentrations in ATE had no effect on the migration of ADSCs.ATE obtained from culture medium without FBS has no effect on adipogenic capacity of ADSCs in a short period of time. The adipogenic ratio of ADSCs is associated with protein concentration in ATE.

To investigate the impact of combined adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the survival of transplanted fat.The ASCs were isolated and cultured from fat tissues by enzyme digestion; and the PRP was prepared by two-step ultracentrifugation. The grafts of fat granules were divided into test groups (ASCs + PRP + fat granules, PRP + fat granules, ASCs + fat granules) and control groups (PBS + fat granules). The grafts were injected into the left and right dorsal subcutaneous areas of nude mice. General observations, volume measurements and microscope examinations were conducted 10 d, 30 d, 60 d and 90 d after transplantation.The grafts of the mice in the ASCs + PRP group showed soft structure, with light yellow color and closer to normal adipose tissue compared with those in other groups. Greater survival volumes (P0.05) and better histology were also observed in the grafts of the mice in the ASCs + PRP group.The fat grafts consisting of PRP and ASCs constitute an ideal transplant strategy, which could provide a valuable and needed tool in plastic and reconstructive surgery.

Study the role for adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) of secretome by adipose tissue and hoped that makes some contributions for the fat regeneration.Direct adherent culture methods and the flow cytometry (FCM) were used to isolate and identify ADSCs. Collected the medium that had contained secreted proteins as the conditional medium (CM) and was used to induce ADSCs, chemical medium group as the positive control and normal medium group as the negative control. The formation of lipid drops was observed through the cell morphology, and the reliability was verified through Real-time PCR of the mRNA level in vitro. To test the effect of CM on ADSCs in vivo, the absorbable gelatin sponge was used as a scaffold for ADSCs.FCM ensured that the cultured cells were ADSCs. Significant increased lipid drops and related mRNA levels were observed in induced ADSCs cultured for 4 days, which indicated that the CM could promote the ADSCs differentiate into adipocytes after cultured for 4 days in vitro. The secreted proteins could promote ADSCS differentiate into vascularization tissues in vivo.The secreted proteome may contain some growth factors that can promote ADSCs to differentiate into adipocytes and vascularization, which may give new directions for the growth factors that could be applied in the repair of soft tissue.

The single mode laser structure based on etched slots suitable for photonic integration is presented in this paper. The laser is made completely dependent on a group of slots on one side of the laser cavity. The fabricated 750 μm long single section laser exhibits a threshold current and a slope efficiency of about 32 mA and 0.11 mW/mA, respectively. The stable single mode operation has been observed with a side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of around 47 dB at a current injection of 100 mA for the fabricated laser. To solve the yield problem associated with the cleaving of the laser structure, the two-section single mode laser based on slots was further present. By tuning the back section current, stable single mode performance with a SMSR of more than 42 dB is observed over a wide temperature from 15°C to 65°C for the fabricated 750 μm long two-section laser. The presented laser structure just needs a single wafer growth and can be fabricated by standard photolithography and has very strong potential for use in optical communication systems.

By introducing two parameters which express the optimal velocity and the velocity range for alga growth, a new velocity factor was put forward for the formula of alga growth. The 2-D unsteady ecological dynamic model for algae growth was established to analyze the effects of hydrodynamic condition on algae growth in Chongqing reaches of Jialing River. The space-time distribution of concentration for Chl-a was simulated numerically for various water levels under climate condition in the period of high frequency for water blooms in Three Gorges Reservoir and nutrition condition at present. The corresponding location and area of water blooms were forecasted. The results stated that about 0.04 m x s(-1) was the optimal velocity for algae growth.

To investigate the effects of different static compressive stress on the biological characteristics of the mandibular condylar chondrocytes (MCC).The static compressive stress with a magnitude of 12, 24, 36 kPa were exerted on the third passage of MCC for one hour. The MCC was dyed by immunohisto-chemical method. The changes of the expression of collagen type I , II , III and proteoglycan (PG) were evaluated by a pathologic portraits analytic system.The static compressive stress with a magnitude from 12 to 24 kPa can enforce the expression of collagen type I , II, III and PG of MCC. However, the decrease of expression of collagen type I and PG of MCC was detected when exerted by the static compressive stress with a magnitude from 24 kPa to 36 kPa.The static stress of proper magnitude can make MCC more differentiate. However, the static stress of over-magnitude may make the biological characteristics of MCC weaken and express some characteristics of dedifferentiation.

A fabrication technique of component-controllable multi-component ultrathin ceramic films has been developed by a promising LB method. The precursor of Y2O3-doped CeO2 (YDC) ultrathin film was prepared with cerium IV 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-heptanedionate (Ce(tmhd)4) and yttrium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptanedionate (Y(tmRd)3) as "surface ions" on subphase surface instead of traditional "subphase ions". The YDC film was successfully fabricated after ultraviolet/ozone treatment and annealing in oxygen ambience with the precursor. XPS results proved that the surface of the fired film contained mainly Ce, O and Y and that the elemental ratio of Y/Ce was well controlled.

We calculate theoretically the dispersion curves and surface plasmon (SP) density of states (DOS) at the interface between gold and silver nanostructures and a dielectric medium. The SP DOS for the gold nanostructure has two maxima, one at the SP absorption wavelength, and another at a redshifted wavelength from the SP absorption due to scattered SP modes, whereas for the silver nanostructure there is only one maximum at the SP absorption wavelength. When the thickness of the metal increases, the SP DOS at the interface decreases due to the reduced coupling between the top and the bottom metal SP modes, and the electron oscillation damping loss in the thick metal. The incremental change of the SP wave vector and the DOS are also observed with increasing dielectric constant of the material on top metal layer. Previous experimental results on interactions between semiconductor excitons and nanostructured Ag∕Au SPs are considered and explained using such SP DOS.