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Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by numerous complications, complex disease, and high mortality, making its treatment a top priority in the treatment of COVID-19. Integrated traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine played an important role in the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of COVID-19 during the epidemic. However, currently there are no evidence-based guidelines for the integrated treatment of severe COVID-19 with TCM and western medicine. Therefore, it is important to develop an evidence-based guideline on the treatment of severe COVID-19 with integrated TCM and western medicine, in order to provide clinical guidance and decision basis for healthcare professionals, public health personnel, and scientific researchers involved in the diagnosis, treatment, and care of COVID-19 patients. We developed and completed the guideline by referring to the standardization process of the “WHO handbook for guideline development”, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system, and the Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT)., Graphical Abstract ga1

Acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure (ACHBLF) is one severe liver disease with rapid progression and high mortality. Identification of specific markers for the prediction of ACHBLF has important clinical significance. We explored the feasibility of UBE2Q1 gene promoter methylation as an early prediction and prognosis biomarker of ACHBLF. UBE2Q1 promoter methylation frequency was detected in 60 patients with acute-on-chronic hepatitis B pre-liver failure (Pre-ACHBLF), 40 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 20 cases of healthy control (HC). The UBE2Q1 mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The methylation frequency of the UBE2Q1 promoter in pre-ACHBLF patients was 38.33%, which was significantly lower than that in chronic hepatitis B patients (60.00%) and HCs (65.00%). The UBE2Q1 mRNA expression in pre-ACHBLF patients with UBE1Q1 non-methylation was significantly higher than that in patients with UBE1Q1 promoter methylation. Further analysis showed that hypomethylation of the UBE2Q1 promoter was positively correlated with total bilirubin and international normalized ratio levels in patients with pre-ACHBLF, but negatively correlated with PTA level. COX multivariate analysis showed that the model for end-stage liver disease score and UBE2Q1 promoter hypomethylation status were potential early warning factors that can predict the progression of pre-ACHBLF to ACHBLF. The sensitivity and specificity of UBE2Q1 promoter methylation status combined with the model for end-stage liver disease score for early diagnosis of ACHBLF were 92.9% and 75.0%, respectively. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.895. The hypomethylation of UBE2Q1 promoter is associated with severity of Pre-ACHBLF, which could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for pre-ACHBLF.

Silicon nitride (SiN(x)) films containing nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si) were deposited on crystalline silicon substrate by facing-target sputtering technique. Thermal annealing process was performed at 450 degrees C for 50 min in a conventional furnace under FG(10% H2, 90% N2) ambient. The photoluminescece (PL) properties of the SiN(x) films with nc-Si were investigated by steady/transient PL spectra measurements by Fluorescence spectrometer with different temperatures. The PL processes could be attributed to the quantum confinement effect of nc-Si and the defects in the film. The PL peak position exhibits a small blue shift with the increasing of the excitation energy, which indicates that the PL portion of the nc-Si increased with smaller size. In addition, the PL lifetime increases and the PL intensity exhibits exponential increase as a result of the decreased temperature which supressed the nonradiative recombination process and then improved the radiative recombination. The PL lifetime of the film significantly reduces with the decreasing of the detection wavelength, which indicates that the PL process related to the the quantum confinement effect strongly depends on temperature.

The light-thermal sensitive microcapsule is synthesized by interfacial polymerization method. Photoinitiator sensitometric characteristic effecting on the light-thermal sensitive microcapsule is analyzed from light curing and imaging density. The curing property and imaging density of the light-thermal sensitive microcapsule are studied by FT-IR and thermal imaging technique. Results of the infrared spectra show that the free radicals induce the unsaturated-C=CH bond of encapsulated trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA) crosslinking, when the microcapsules are exposed. But curing rate and degree of photopolymer TMPTA induced by photoinitiators is distinctly difference at the same exposure times. The results also show that the light curing has relations with the light absorption ability of photoinitiator and the exposure light. Thermal imaging results show that the developing density of light-thermal sensitive microcapsule gradually decreases with the exposure time prolonging, because photopolymer curing production forms the parcel role for dye precursor and decreases the combination opportunities of dye precursor and developer. The results of thermal imaging are consistent with that of the infrared spectrum. When microcapsule samples are exposed by high pressure mercury lamp light, the initiation efficiency of Irgacure 907 is more than that of Irgacure 184.

To understand the genetic polymorphism of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus in Guangdong province, as well as to explore methods for identifying and tracing the source of these two foodborne pathogens.Using the automated ribotyping system, two foodborne pathogens were tested with either EcoR I or Pvu II restriction enzymes. BioNumerics software was then applied for image analysis, database establishment and other corresponding analysis.Digestion of 32 Salmonella isolates with Pvu II yielded 19 different ribotypes, and digestion of 14 Salmonella isolates with EcoR I yielded 2 different ribotypes. Staphylococcus aureus isolates showed greater genetic diversity, whereas EcoR I digestion of 49 different isolates yielded 31 different ribotypes.Unique Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus isolates could be identified through ribotyping. Although Salmonella serotyping and ribotyping were not strongly correlated, the combination of both restriction enzymes could be used to more effectively identify the genetic relationship among different strains as well as the source of food poisoning. Thus, not only could the genetic relationships amongst the different strains be inferred through ribotyping skills, the source of food poisoning and mode of transmission could also be determined under the use of this method.

The fluorescence characteristic of various free radical photoinitiators was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy. The influence of conjugated structure on fluorescence spectrum was analyzed from the molecular structure. The results show that: the wave length of fluorescence excitation spectrum gradually augments with the conjugative effect enhancement, and so does the peak of fluorescence emission spectrum. The transient fluorescence spectrum of photoinitiator is affected by electron groups and the fluorescence decay of photoinitiators with electron-withdrawing groups is faster than that of photoinitiators with electron-donating groups. The excitation peak of photoinitiator has evident red shift with the polarity of solvent increasing, which shows that transition type is pi-pi* transition, and the fluorescence decay is postponed with the solvent glutinosity changing. When the photoinitiator density is at 10(-2) mol x L(-1), the fluorescence decay is evidently fast because of quenching effect caused by self-absorption and collisions between particles.

To establish molecular typing of Listeria monocytogenes isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for studying the epidemiologic characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from foodstuff in Guangdong province and to build up PFGE typing database of Listeria monocytogenes isolates for identifying the infectious resource of the outbreaks and other epidemiologic investigation."Standardized Protocol for Molecular Subtyping of Listeria monocytogenes by PFGE" was followed. BioNumerics software was applied on image analysis, database establishment, comparative and corresponding analysis.107 Listeria monocytogenes isolates were typed by PFGE, 41 PFGE types were observed among the isolates. The PFGE types were dispersive among these isolates. Listeria monocytogenes isolates were most frequently isolated in raw chicken while the most PFGE types were found in this type of food. The positive rate was relatively high in cold and iced foods. Only 1-2 DNA fragment difference occurred in 26 Listeria monocytogenes isolates by PFGE, so high degree of relatedness remained among these isolates. There were unique PFGE patterns in the regions of Shaoguan and Huizhou. From time to time, a number of isolates remained close relationship.PFGE typing of the 107 Guangdong Listeria monocytogenes isolates demonstrated relative genetic diversity but a number of the isolates showed close relatedness.

The temporal behaviors of free photoelectrons and shallow-trapped electrons were measured in the cubic AgCl emulsion with the microwave absorption and dielectric spectrum detection technique. The results indicate that the chemical sensitization makes the photoelectron decay slower than that of the unsensitized AgCl emulsion, and the decay time is prolonged in the sulfur-plus-gold sensitized emulsion, because the shallow electron trap effect of sulfur-plus-gold sensitization center restrains the recombination of photoelectron and hole. The photoelectron decay is pricked up and the decay time is shorter in sensitized emulsion than that in the unsensitized AgCl emulsion, because the J-aggregates increase the interstice silver ion density in the AgCl microcrystal and accelerate the recombination of interstice silver ions and electrons. The decay time of photoelectron in chemistry-and-spectra sensitized emulsion is also prolonged, and the shallow electron trap effect of chemical sensitization center is more distinct under the condition of spectra sensitization.

The silver chloride microcrystals emulsion which are sensitized by the adsorbed green-sensitive cyanine dye of different concentration, was studied by using the absorption spectrum. The experiments show that when the sensitizing concentration is less than 0.02 mL (5.0 mg x mL(-1))/40 g emulsion, the dye J-aggregate is not formed on the surface of silver chloride microcrystals; when the dye concentration is more than 0.2 mL (5.0 mg x mL(-1)/40 g emulsion, the dye J-aggregate is formed on the surface of silver chloride microcrystals; compare to the M-state of dye, the maximal absorption peak of J-aggregate shifted to a longer wavelength by about 50 nm. It was found, when the J-aggregate is formed, the absorption in the wavelength range of more than 450 nm is increased.

The time-resolved spectra of free photoelectrons and shallow-trapped electrons in the T-grains AgBrI emulsion were simultaneously detected with microwave absorption and dielectric spectrum detection technique. The results indicate that the electron trap effects of sulfur sensitization centers and sulfur-plus-gold sensitization centers are different with equal quantities of Na2S2O3 added. The sulfur sensitization centers acted as a deep electron trap to pick up the electronic decay because of increasing the number of deep trapped electrons, while the sulfur-plus-gold sensitization centers as a shallow electron trap decrease the electronic decay through effectively controlling the recombination between the electrons and the holes. The depth of sulfur-plus-gold sensitization center is shallower than that of sulfur sensitization center after the KAuCl4 is added. The effects of sulfur sensitization center and sulfur-plus-gold sensitization center on the photoelectron decay are different in different sections of decay curves through the change in electron time-resolved spectra.