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Spatially concentrating and manipulating biotherapeutic agents within the circulatory system is a longstanding challenge in medical applications due to the high velocity of blood flow, which greatly limits drug leakage and retention of the drug in the targeted region. To circumvent the disadvantages of current methods for systemic drug delivery, we propose tornado-inspired acoustic vortex tweezer (AVT) that generates net forces for noninvasive intravascular trapping of lipid-shelled gaseous microbubbles (MBs). MBs are used in a diverse range of medical applications, including as ultrasound contrast agents, for permeabilizing vessels, and as drug/gene carriers. We demonstrate that AVT can be used to successfully trap MBs and increase their local concentration in both static and flow conditions. Furthermore, MBs signals within mouse capillaries could be locally improved 1.7-fold and the location of trapped MBs could still be manipulated during the initiation of AVT. The proposed AVT technique is a compact, easy-to-use, and biocompatible method that enables systemic drug administration with extremely low doses.

Thermal warpage creates during fan-out panel level package (FOPLP) manufacturing process and it may causes challenges on subsequent procedures. To this end, finite element analysis (FEA) with element birth and death techniques were performed in this study to simulate warpages during a typical RDL-first (redistribution layer first) FOPLP process, and effective material property equations were used to simplify the complex RDL structure in an fan-out (FO) packaging. To identify the optimal factorial combinations on design parameters, Taguchi methods with adequate orthogonal array were applied on process warpage simulations. It is concluded from the results that warpage value can be reduces by 90% if the optimized experimental parameters was used for the FOPLP process.

This study investigated the use of sintered Nickel powder as the wick material of Loop heat pipe with flat evaporator (Flat loop heat pipe, FLHP) and its effect on the heat transfer performance. Add the 1-heptanol into water and form Self-rewetting Fluid (SRF), resulting in the Marangoni effect. The colder liquid can be transport to the heating surface, delaying the occurrence of dry-out and increasing the critical heat load. This paper use Surface tension measurements to measure the change of 1-heptanol SRF, then it was apply to nickel wick FLHP as working fluid to investigate its effect on the heat transfer performance. This study successfully established production process of Nickel wick structure. Results of wick structure for the effective pore radius of 2.6 μm, porosity of 62%, permeability of 5.7 × 10-13m2. Results of Surface tension measurements show that 1-heptanol aqueous solution’s surface tension increases with increasing temperature, Results from applying 0.1% 1-heptanol aqueous solution to FLHP as working fluid. For performance testing show that the critical heat load was 240 W and the total thermal resistance was 0.77 ° C/W. Compared with FLHP with pure water, SRF raised the maximum heat flux of 70%, the total thermal resistance of the system reduces 40%, SRF has the potential to enhance the heat transfer performance of FLHP.

This investigation examines the effect of the sintering temperature curve in manufactured copper powder capillary structure (wick) for a loop heat pipe (LHP). The production process of the copper powder capillary structure is composed of chose the type of copper powder, filled in the stainless steel mold, sintering temperature curve set up, Sintering air hydrogen into the mold, release from mold, and the copper structured wick. The sintering temperature curve is composed of a region of increasing temperature; a region of constant temperature and a region of declining temperature. The set up rang of the temperature ramp as best parameter for the sintering temperature curve is 9.8°C /min. The set up unit of the temperature for sintering is 550°C. The minutes of the constant temperature is 30 minutes. The stage of cooling down section is we keep the item cooling by radiation until the temperature dropped to its ambient temperature. The three main parameters that can be measured in the evaluation of a factory made wick are pore radius 8.5μm, porosity 66.8%, and permeability 2.5×10-13m2. The result of experiment test demonstrates that the heat transfer performance is optimal at 120W; the minimal total heat flux is 12W/cm2, thermal resistance is approximately 1.3°C/W.

An optical design for a new white LED motorcycle headlamp is presented. The motorcycle headlamp designed in this study comprises a white LED module, an elliptical reflector, a parabolic reflector, and a toric lens. The light emitted from the white LED module is located at the first focal point of the elliptical reflector and focuses on the second focal point. The second focal point of the elliptical reflector and the focal point of the parabolic reflector are confocal. We use nonsequential rays to improve the optical efficiency of the compound reflectors. The toric spherical lens allows the device to meet the Economic Commission of Europe, regulation no. 113 (ECE R113). Furthermore, good uniformity is obtained by using aspherical surface optimization of the same toric lens. The reflectivity of the reflector is 95%, and the transmittance of each lens surface is 98%. The average deviation of the high beam is 14.17%, and the optical efficiency is 66.45%.

NDST4 is one member of N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase (heparan glucosaminyl) (NDST) family, which are responsible for heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis on a core protein to form heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). The HS chains of HSPGs bind to and regulate their functions of various growth factors, cytokines and chemokines. HSPGs ubiquitously reside on cell surface, inside the cell, and in the extracellular matrix. Importantly, the content and distribution of HSPGs are altered during tumorigenesis. In the study, 30 (57.7%) of 52 primary colorectal carcinomas showed a dramatic reduction in NDST4 RNA transcripts, and genetic loss of NDST4 was significantly associated with poor survival of patients with colorectal cancer. We further generated an Ndst4-knockout mouse strain, which could develop and reproduce normally. Notably, using the dextran sodium sulfate mouse model of acute colitis, Ndst4 deficiency resulted in a significantly higher disease activity index and obviously hyperemic appearance in the cecum. In the development of colitis-associated cancer, the size of colonic tumors induced by azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate was significantly increased in Ndst4-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. Taken together, loss-of-function of NDST4 might impair the modification of HS chains of specific HSPGs leading to tumor-promoting inflammation in the colon. The full spectrum of signaling pathways contributed by NDST4 to colitis and tumor progression remains to be elucidated. Citation Format: Tzu-Ming Jao, Ming-Hong Tsai, Chi-Yen Huang, Sheng-Tai Tzeng, Jing-Xing Lee, Wei-Chen Lo, Che-Wei Chang, Ya-Chien Yang. Acute colitis and colitis-associated cancer are exacerbated in mice deficient N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase-4. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2472. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2472