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The digitization of standards is increasingly becoming a core trend in both international and domestic development. To achieve transformation and upgrading, enterprises need to scientifically analyze and evaluate their capabilities in standard digitization. Current research has primarily focused on two areas: the maturity model for enterprise digital transformation and the general model for standard digitization capability levels. However, there is still a lack of research on the maturity evaluation model for standard digitization capabilities specifically tailored to the practical business operations of specific industries or companies. By drawing on the concept of capability maturity model (CMM), combining the full life cycle management of standards and the implementation of technical standards in power grid enterprises, and carrying out expert interviews, a well-structured standard digitization capability maturity model was constructed, which consisted of two major dimensions, namely, five standard digitization capability domains and seven standard digitization process domains. Taking the business expanding scenario of a certain company of the State Grid as an example, a two-dimensional table evaluation method was used to get the standard digitization capability of the company in this business scenario to reach the L2 exploratory level, which verifies the practical application effect of the model.

Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a sulphur‐containing compound isolated from the medicinal food plant garlic, has been previously reported to attenuate experimental colitis induced by either dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) or 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) in mice; however, the underlying mechanism remains to be identified. In this study, we deciphered the key mechanism by which DATS alleviates ulcerative colitis (UC). We showed that oral administration of DATS for 10 consecutive days greatly restrained the infiltration of macrophages and the pathological changes in colonic tissues of mice with DSS‐induced colitis. DATS treatment notably dampened the content of IL‐1β and IL‐18 and suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation in colon. Mechanistically, DATS effectively diminished the generation of ROS in macrophages. The suppressive effect of DATS on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and downregulation of IL‐18 and IL‐1β levels was blunted by xanthine oxidase. Further studies revealed that DATS inhibited NF‐κB pathway activation by suppressing the expression of Trx‐1, thereby inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Trx‐1 overexpression and interference in macrophages promoted and diminished NLRP3 inflammasome activation, respectively. In summary, garlic and its main active ingredient DATS have potentials to prevent and treat UC, and DATS functions by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via Trx‐1/ROS pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the key elements, such as object, resources, activities, and other equipment, as same as system, data, environmental and other aspects of demand, the public infrastructure system and security policy between physical space and cyberspace were taken as a basic point. A scientific system of public infrastructure in cyberspace was constructed. From the perspective of dual authentication of management authentication and application authentication, some corresponding safety policies and implementation suggestions were given from the aspects of user/device management and identity authentication.

Several aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists have been reported to promote the generation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells), and the action mechanisms need to be identified. In this study, we addressed the underlying mechanism of AhR activation to induce the generation of Treg cells in the view of cellular metabolism. Naïve CD4+ T cells were purified with mouse CD4+ CD62L+ T Cells Isolation Kits. The proportions of Treg cells were detected by flow cytometry. The value of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of CD4+ T cells was detected by the Seahorse XFe 96 analyzer. The activation of fatty acid oxidation (FAO)‐related metabolic pathways was detected by Western blotting. Intracellular localization of Lkb1 was detected by immunofluorescence. The Strad‐Mo25‐Lkb1 complex formation and K63 chain ubiquitination modification of Lkb1 were detected by co‐immunoprecipitation. The binding of AhR to the Skp2 promoter was detected by constructing luciferase reporter gene. AhR or carnitine palmitoyltransferases 1 was knockdown in dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis or collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) mice by infecting mice with adeno‐associated virus via the tail vein injection. Compared to the control group, exogenous and endogenous AhR agonists 3,3′‐diindolylmethane (DIM) and 2‐(1′H‐indole‐3′‐carbonyl)‐thiazole‐4‐carboxylic acid methyl ester (ITE) were shown to preferentially upregulate the mRNA expression of FAO‐related enzymes and the value of OCR. Consistently, pharmacological or genetic inhibition of FAO markedly diminished the induction of DIM and ITE on the differentiation of Treg cells. DIM and ITE functioned mainly through activating the liver kinase B1 (Lkb1)‐AMPK pathway via promotion of Lkb1‐Strad‐Mo25 complex formation and Lkb1 K63 ubiquitination. DIM and ITE were also shown to upregulate the mRNA expression of Skp2, a ubiquitination‐related enzyme, and facilitate the binding of AhR to the xenobiotic responsive element of Skp2 promoter region by luciferase reporter gene assay. Furthermore, the contribution of Skp2/K63 ubiquitination/Lkb1/FAO axis was verified in (DSS)‐induced colitis or CIA mice. In summary, these findings indicate that AhR activation promotes Treg cell generation by enhancing Lkb1‐mediated FAO via the Skp2/K63‐ubiquitination pathway, and AhR agonists may be used as inducers of Treg cells to prevent and treat autoimmune diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]