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Faba bean is an important pulse. It provides proteins for the human diet and is used in industrial foodstuffs, such as flours. Drought stress severely reduces the yield of faba bean, and this can be efficiently overcome through the identification and application of key genes in response to drought. In this study, PacBio and Illumina RNA sequencing techniques were used to identify the key pathways and candidate genes involved in drought stress response. During seed germination, a total of 17,927 full-length transcripts and 12,760 protein-coding genes were obtained. There were 1676 and 811 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the varieties E1 and C105 at 16 h and 64 h under drought stress, respectively. Six and nine KEGG pathways were significantly enriched at 16 h and 64 h under drought stress, which produced 40 and 184 nodes through protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis, respectively. The DEGs of the PPI nodes were involved in the ABA (abscisic acid) and MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathways, N-glycosylation, sulfur metabolism, and sugar metabolism. Furthermore, the ectopic overexpression of a key gene, AAT, encoding aspartate aminotransferase (AAT), in tobacco, enhanced drought tolerance. The activities of AAT and peroxidase (POD), the contents of cysteine and isoleucine, were increased, and the contents of malonaldehyde (MDA) and water loss decreased in the overexpressed plants. This study provides a novel insight into genetic response to drought stress and some candidate genes for drought tolerance genetic improvements in this plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the current situation of 1+X certificate system and the new changes of talent cultivation in the mode of independent colleges, this paper creatively puts forward the innovative design of “1+X+Y+Z” talent cultivation mode, and at the end of the article, puts forward the implementation strategy to ensure the orderly promotion of “1+X” certificate system of independent colleges. Independent college professional talent training propulsion strategy to “1 + X” certification system as a guide, based on course contests, students internalize the practice as the criterion, in the team, led by continuously deepening the reform of personnel training mode, the teaching combination, in order to promote learning, eventually produce different from the characteristic of vocational colleges and normal universities and colleges of undergraduate course, Finally, it embodies the duality of applied undergraduate skill education and research education.

Objective To investigate the effects of Danggui Buxue Tang (DGBX, angelica sinensis blood-tonifying decoction) on human endothelial cells in a steady flow shear stress (FSS). Methods Cells were incubated on a parallel plate flow chamber at a steady FSS of 0, 0.12, 1.2, and 2.4 Pa for 6 hours. Cells exposed to different FSS were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group perfused with M199 culture medium, simvastatin group (0.1 µmol/L simvastatin), and DGBX groups {3 g/L DGBX decoction: Chinese angelica (Danggui, Radix Angelica Sinensis, AS) and astragalus root (Huangqi, Radix Astragali, RA) at the dose ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5}. After 12 hours, the cellular proliferation, levels of nitric oxide (NO), expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) mRNAs and proteins were measured. Results In control group, eNOS and VEGFR2 levels in the endothelial cells exposed to FSS at 1.2 and 2.4 Pa were significantly higher than those of cells exposed to FSS at 0 and 0.12 Pa(P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, DGBX decoction up-regulated the cellular proliferation and expression of eNOS and VEGFR2, and NO levels at FSS of 0 and 0.12 Pa (P <0.05). And DGBX decoction (AS-RA at 1:3, 1:5) up-regulated the expressions of eNOS and VEGFR2, cellular proliferation and NO level at FSS of 1.2, 2.4 Pa (P <0.05). Conclusion FSS seems to play an important role in the effects of DGBX decoction on endothelial cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]