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Jia Jun Weng,*,1 Li Hua Wang,*,1 Hao Zhu,2 Wen Rong Xu,1 Yu Mei Wei,1 Zhi Yang Wang,1 Wen Juan Yu,1 Hua Fang Li1,3–41Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workObjective: Some lines of evidence show that D2/D3 receptor partial agonist pramipexole may be effective in the treatment of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia. Therefore, we analyzed whether a low dose of pramipexole (0.375–0.75 mg/day) has efficacy on EPS and symptoms of schizophrenia while maintaining tolerability.Methods: Ten subjects with EPS [including drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) and akathisia] were recruited in a stage-1, open-label pilot study. All the subjects were treated with a low dose of pramipexole. The evaluations were performed at baseline, day 3, week 1, week 2, week 4, week 6, and week 8. The ratings of SAS, BARS, PANSS, CDSS, and CGI-S and adverse effects (AE) were recorded in every visit.Results: SAS total scores decreased significantly during the study in patients with DIP (P

Electricity consumption increases rapidly with the rapid development of China. The environmental damage costs of electricity generation are very important for both policy analysis and the proper management of the environment. A method was developed in this work to estimate gross environmental damage costs according to emission inventory and environmental cost factors, and to extend the costs from provincial to national level with population density. In this paper, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter less than 10 µm in diameter (PM10), and carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil fired power plants over 6000 kW were selected as index pollutants to quantify the environmental costs of damages on human health and global warming. With the new developed method, environmental damage costs, caused by 3 types of fired power plants in 30 provinces and 6 economic sectors during the years 2000 to 2003, were evaluated and analyzed. It can be seen that the calculated total national environmental damage costs of electricity have rapidly increased from 94930.87×10 6 USD in 2000 to about 141041.39×10 6 USD in 2003, with an average annual growth rate of 14.11%. Environmental damage costs of SO2, NOx, PM10, and CO2 are 69475.69×10 6 , 30079.29×10 6 , 28931.84×10 6 , and 12554.57×10 6 USD and account for 49.26%, 21.33%, 20.51%, and 8.90% of total environmental costs in fossil electricity generation, respectively. With regard to regional distribution, external costs caused by fossil electricity generation are mainly concentrated in the more populated and industrialized areas of China, i.e., the Eastern Central and Southeastern areas.

This paper presents estimated external costs of electricity generation in China under different scenarios of long-term energy and environmental policies. Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) software is used to develop a simple model of electricity demand and to estimate gross electricity generation in China up to 2030 under these scenarios. Because external costs for unit of electricity from fossil fuel will vary in different government regulation periods, airborne pollutant external costs of SO2, NOx, PM10, and CO2 from fired power plants are then estimated based on emission inventories and environmental cost for unit of pollutants, while external costs of non-fossil power generation are evaluated with external cost for unit of electricity. The developed model is run to study the impact of different energy efficiency and environmental abatement policy initiatives that would reduce total energy requirement and also reduce external costs of electricity generation. It is shown that external costs of electricity generation may reduce 24–55% with three energy policies scenarios and may further reduce by 20.9–26.7% with two environmental policies scenarios. The total reduction of external costs may reach 58.2%.

Capillolejeunea S.W.Arnell, Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 59: 69. 1965 (Arnell 1965). Type:— Capillolejeunea mascarena S.W.Arnell, Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 59: 69. 1965 (Arnell 1965). Autoecious. Plants green to yellowish green, 2−12 mm long. Shoots 0.4−0.9 (−1.1) mm wide, irregularly branched, branching of the Lejeunea - type, leaf sequence of vegetative branches lejeuneoid. Stem 40−60 µm in diameter, in transverse section with 7 cortical cells and 3 medullary ones, ventral merophyte 2 cells wide. Rhizoids at base of underleaves, few, tufted, usually hyaline, rhizoid disc absent. Leaves contiguous to imbricate, diverging from stem at an angle of 50−60°; leaf lobes asymmetrically ovate or obovate, somewhat concave, falcate, 0.3−0.6 mm long, 0.2−0.3 mm wide, margin entire, dentate to ciliate, apex ± incurved; leaf lobules ovate, strongly inflated, ca. 1/3 as long as the lobes (up to 1/2 as long as lobes in some branch leaves), lateral free margin straight, usually slightly incurved (except for apex), bordered by 4 subquadrate to rectangular marginal cells, apex usually constricted, with a unicellular, usually curved apical tooth, directed towards leaf apex, keel arched, smooth, hyaline papilla subspherical to oblong, situated at the proximal base of apical tooth. Cells of leaf lobe with thin to moderately thickened walls and small trigones, usually without intermediate thickenings. Oil bodies small, compound (fide Arnell 1965). Ocelli oblong, 3−5 (−9) per leaf lobe, forming 1 (−2) longitudinal, unbroken row(s), the lowermost always basal (next to stem cell) or suprabasal (cf. Zhu & So 2001). Underleaves remote, longer than wide, 1.5−3 times as wide as stem, bilobed to 1/2 their length, sinus U- or V-shaped, lobes narrowly triangular, erect, acute at apex, 3−7 cells long, 3−4 cells wide at base, inner lateral margin nearly entire, outer lateral one usually with a small tooth, insertion line almost straight to subtransverse, base cuneate (never cordate). Androecia intercalary, rarely terminal, usually on long lateral branches or on main shoots, bracts in 2−8 pairs, hypostatic, antheridia 1−2 per bract, subspherical, bracteoles 1−3, borne only at the basal portion of androecium, similar to ordinary underleaves. Gynoecia usually on short or long branches, with 1(−2) pycnolejeuneoid innovations; bracts obovate, deeply and unequally bifid, the lobe broadly obovate, apical margin usually crenulate to slightly dentate, rarely with 1–several ciliate teeth, base with 3–8 ocelli as in leaf lobe, lobule oblong or lingulate, ca. 1/2 as long as the bract lobe, apex obtuse to acute, keel slightly sinuate to straight, ca. 2/3 as long as the lobule; bracteole connate with bracts on both sides at base, oblong, margin nearly entire to slightly dentate, apex bilobed to 1/5−1/4 its length, sinus usually obtuse. Perianths about 1/3−2/3 exserted, obovoid to obtriangular, 0.40−0.75 mm long, 0.23−0.40 mm wide at middle, inflated, with (4−) 5 keels, antical keel a little lower than the others and entire, but usually indistinct, keels entire to crenulate, sometimes with weak denticulations and ciliate or laciniate projections near apex, surface of perianth smooth, beak short, 1−3 cells long, ocelli in perianth several to numerous, scattered. Seta articulate, containing 12 outer cells rows surrounding 4 inner ones. Asexual reproduction not clear, possibly by slightly specialized branchlets., Published as part of He, Qiong, Wei, Yu-Mei, Pócs, Tamás & Zhu, Rui-Liang, 2014, The reappraisal of Capillolejeunea S. W. Arnell (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae), pp. 166-170 in Phytotaxa 175 (3) on page 167, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.175.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/5143881, {"references":["Arnell, S. W. (1965) Hepaticae collected by Mr. Gillis Een in Mauritius and Reunion in 1962. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 59: 65 - 84.","Zhu, R. - L. & So, M. L. (2001) Epiphyllous liverworts of China. Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 121: 1 - 418."]}

Capillolejeunea geisslerae (Pócs) R.L.Zhu, Qiong He, Y.M.Wei & Pócs, comb. nov. Basionym:— Drepanolejeunea geisslerae Pócs, Candollea 56(1): 70. 2001 (Pócs 2001). Type:— MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: “Réserve Spéciale de Manongarivo (13°59′N, 48°26′E), Prov. Antsiranana, Nord-Quest de Madagascar”, abundant on palm stem, 950−1050 m, 5 March 1999, P. Geissler 19559 (holotype: G!, isotype: EGR!, HSNU! ex EGR, TAN). Illustrations:— Pócs (2001, p. 74, Tab. 1 as Drepanolejeunea geisslerae, p. 75, Tab. 2 as D. geisslerae, p. 76, Tab. 3 as D. geisslerae). Habitat and distribution:—Corticolous and epiphyllous at altitudes of 800−1869 m, known only from Madagascar (Pócs 2001; Marline et al. 2012)., Published as part of He, Qiong, Wei, Yu-Mei, Pócs, Tamás & Zhu, Rui-Liang, 2014, The reappraisal of Capillolejeunea S. W. Arnell (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae), pp. 166-170 in Phytotaxa 175 (3) on page 167, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.175.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/5143881, {"references":["Pocs, T. (2001) East African Bryophytes, XVI. New taxa of Lejeuneoideae (Lejeuneaceae) collected in Manongarivo Special Reserve, NW Madagascar. Candollea 56: 69 - 78.","Marline, L., Andriamiarisoa, R. L., Bardat, J., Chuah-Petiot, M., Hedderson, T. A. J., Reeb, C., Strasberg, D., Wilding, N. & Ah-Peng, C. (2012) Checklist of the bryophytes of Madagascar. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 33: 199 - 255. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.7872 / cryb. v 33. iss 3.2012.199"]}

Wei, Yu-Mei, Zhu, Rui-Liang, Gradstein, S. Robbert (2014): Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 49. On Lejeunea huctumalcensis Lindenb. & Gottsche and the resurrection of Otigoniolejeunea (Spruce) Schiffn., an older name for Physantholejeunea R.M.Schust. (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae). Phytotaxa 162 (4): 236-238, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.162.4.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.162.4.8

Cheilolejeunea urubuensis (Zartman & I.L.Ackerman) R.L.Zhu & Y.M.Wei, comb. nov. (Fig 1) Basionym:— Vitalianthus urubuensis Zartman & I.L.Ackerman, Bryologist 105: 267, 2002 (Zartman & Ackerman 2002). Type:— BRAZIL. Amazonas State. EMBRAPA research station at kilometer 54 of the BR-174 highway (02 ° 30 ′ 40 ″ S, 60 ° 01 ′ 46 ″ W), elev. ca 150 m; lowland, seasonally wet terra-firma rainforest in capoeira on the bark of Vismia cayennensis (Jacq.) Pers., August 2001, Zartman 2626 (holotype INPA; isotype DUKE!). Note: Within tropical America, Cheilolejeunea urubuensis is the only vittate species in the genus.., Published as part of Wei, Yu-Mei, He, Qiong, Gradstein, S. Robbert, Campos, Laura V. & Zhu, Rui-Liang, 2013, Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 46. Transfer of Vitalianthus urubuensis (Marchantiophyta, Lejeuneaceae) to Cheilolejeunea, pp. 50-52 in Phytotaxa 152 (1) on pages 50-51, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.152.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5100664, {"references":["Zartman, C. E. & Ackerman, I. L. (2002) A new species of Vitalianthus (Lejeuneaceae, Hepaticae) from the Brazilian Amazon. The Bryologist 105: 267 - 269. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1639 / 0007 - 2745 (2002) 105 [0267: ansovl] 2.0. co; 2"]}