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Abstract This study was performed for the determination of nineteen azo dyes at trace levels in stream water sample by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The selected analytes were preconcentrated with the help of dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE). Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticle was modified with covalent organic framework (COF) and the synthesized Fe3O4@COF nanocomposite was used as adsorbent for the separation of the analytes from aqueous solution. The synthesized Fe3O4@COF was introduced to the literature for the first time in this study. Five different parameters (pH, volume of buffer solution, volume of desorption solvent, mixing period and amount of adsorbent) were univariately optimized to acquire high extraction outputs for each analyte. Under the optimum Fe3O4@COF-DSPE-GC-MS conditions, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), linear range (LR), coefficient of determination (R2) and percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) were calculated using external calibration plots belonging to each analyte. LOD values were found between 2.8 and 70.7 μg/kg with corresponding LOQ values ranging between 9.5 and 235.7 μg/kg. In addition, %RSD values were lower than 12.8%. Matrix matching calibration method was used in spiking experiments. Percent recovery results obtained for spiked stream water samples were between 83.1 and 122.4%, with %RSD ≤ 17.5. The high percent recoveries confirmed the accuracy and applicability of the developed Fe3O4@COF-DSPE-GC-MS method for stream water samples.

BackgroundWith the events reporting on odors in drinking water, odorous substances in water have become a hot topic in water quality analysis. Due to the low concentration of the odor threshold and the complexity of the odor components in water, it is difficult to make accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis. So it is necessary to develop a highly sensitive and accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis method. ObjectiveTo establish a method for simultaneous determination of four odorous substances, including dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, 2-methylisoborneol, and geosmin in water by purge and trap-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. MethodsA certain amount of water sample was stored in the sample vial of a purge and trapinstrument. Through nitrogen purging, the odorous substances in water were purged out and enriched in the trap. Subsequently, the odorous substances were rapidly released at high temperatures after heating the trap, and then carried by carrier gas into gas chromatograph. After temperature programming, the substances were separated by an Agilent DB-624 capillary chromatographic column (30 m×0.25 mm, 1.4 μm) and determined by tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring modes, with internal standard method for quantification. The current project optimized purge time, sodium chloride concentration in water sample, desorption temperature, desorption time, and split ratio during the experimental process. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the standard curve, detection limit, and quantification limit were validated. Recovery tests with spiking concentrations of 5.0, 10.0, 30.0, 80.0 ng·L−1 and precision tests were conducted on water samples. Finally, the established method was applied to detect odorous substances in source water, finished water, and pipeline water in Deqing County of Huzhou City. ResultAfter the optimization, the purge time was 20 min, the desorption temperature was 280 ℃, the desorption time was 2 min, the split ratio was 10∶1, and no sodium chloride was added during the purge process. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the calibration curves for the four odorous substances showed an excellent linearity in the range of 1 to 100 ng·L−1 (R>0.999), with 0.3 ng·L−1 limit of detection and 1.0 ng·L−1 limit of quantitation. The average recoveries were from 85.5% to 102.4% and relative standard deviations (RSD) from 1.6% to 5.2%. After applying this method to detect local source water, finished water, and pipeline water, it was found that the positive rates of 2-methylisoborneo, and geosmin were relatively high, while the positive rates of dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide were relatively low. Only one sample of source water tested positive for dimethyl disulfide, and all samples were negative for dimethyl trisulfide. ConclusionCombined with the superiority of purge and trap and tandem mass spectrometry, the method has the advantages of easy to perform, strong anti-interference ability, good accuracy and precision, which meet the limit requirements of the four odorous substances in the expanded indices and reference indices of Hygienic standards for drinking water (GB 5749-2022). It also provides technical support for water quality assessment and analysis of odorous substances.

The present study focuses on the synthesis of a mesoporous silica compound functionalized with phenyl isothiocyanate (SBA-15-PITC) for the development of an optical fluorescent sensor with the aim of detecting Fe(III) ions. The final product was synthesized through a sequential process involving the synthesis of SBA-15-Cl, followed by functionalization with tris(2-aminoethyl)amine and phenyl isothiocyanate. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the hexagonal symmetry of the mesoporous silica structure. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra demonstrated the successful grafting of phenyl isothiocyanate onto the surface of SBA-15. The functionalized product exhibited a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 745 m2 g−1 and a pore diameter of 6.7 nm as determined by N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images depicted well-ordered arrays of channels with rope-shaped morphology for SBA-15-PITC. Subsequently, the capability of SBA-15-PITC for metal cation sensing was evaluated based on its fluorescence properties. SBA-15-PITC exhibited two distinct fluorescence peaks at approximately 410 nm and 372 nm, which experienced a significant decrease upon adding Fe(III) ions. Quantitative detection of Fe(III) was achieved at a wavelength of 410 nm within a broad working range of 5.96 × 10−4 to 2.76 × 10−2 M, as well as at a wavelength of 372 nm within a working range of 1.99 × 10−4 to 1.54 × 10−2 M. The results indicated less than 5% fluctuations in fluorescence intensity during the initial 5 min. Overall, the experimental findings underscore the efficacy of this optical sensor for the rapid and sensitive detection of Fe(III) across a relatively extensive concentration range in both water and food samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facile and sensitive methods for detecting neonicotinoids (NEOs) in aquatic environments are crucial because they are found in extremely low concentrations in complex matrices. Herein, nitrogen-based magnetic conjugated microporous polymers (Fe3O4@N-CMP) with quaternary ammonium groups were synthesized for efficient magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of NEOs from tap water, rainwater, and lake water. Fe3O4@N-CMP possessed a suitable specific surface area, extended π-conjugated system, and numerous cationic groups. These properties endow Fe3O4@N-CMP with superior extraction efficiency toward NEOs. The excellent adsorption capacity of Fe3O4@N-CMP toward NEOs was attributed to its π–π stacking, Lewis acid–base, and electrostatic interactions. The proposed MSPE-HPLC-DAD approach based on Fe3O4@N-CMP exhibited a wide linear range (0.1–200 µg/L), low detection limits (0.3–0.5 µg/L), satisfactory precision, and acceptable reproducibility under optimal conditions. In addition, the established method was effectively utilized for the analysis of NEOs in tap water, rainwater, and lake water. Excellent recoveries of NEOs at three spiked levels were in the range of 70.4 to 122.7%, with RSDs less than 10%. This study provides a reliable pretreatment method for monitoring NEOs in environmental water samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite being banned by the European Union (EU), Atrazine, a synthetic herbicide, was found in Europe's coastal waters. Given the widespread ban on atrazine in many countries, it is imperative to perform screenings to detect its presence in food and water samples, as it poses significant risks to both human health and aquatic ecosystems. This study presents the development of an innovative, simple, and cost‐effective electrochemical sensing platform that comprises a portable system equipped with a poly‐8‐Amino‐1‐naphthol‐3,6‐disulfonic acid (8‐ANDSA) customized carbon paste electrode (CPE). The poly‐8 ANDSA/CPE was acquired using the process of electrochemical polymerization, utilizing cyclic voltammetry (CV) over the potential domain of −0.8 V to 1.8 V for 25 sweep cycles. The poly‐8‐ANDSA/CPE exhibited a linear relationship between the square wave voltammetric (SWV) peak current amplitude and ATZ concentration within 0.1–100 μM. The limit of detection for ATZ was determined to be 30 nM. Spiked recovery results of 97.71 % to 102.73 % with RSD (%) values less than 5 % validated the method's applicability for atrazine detection from water samples. The favorable outcomes indicated that the portable system performs exceptionally well and validates the practicality of ATZ detection, facilitating on‐site detection in actual water samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study introduces a new in‐syringe homogeneous liquid‐phase microextraction method for the rapid on‐site extraction of chloroanilines from water samples. Extraction was performed using a plastic syringe, eliminating the use of any electrical power source. Di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (DEHPA) served as the extractant. The process initially involved dissolving DEHPA in an alkaline solution to obtain a homogeneous solution. Subsequently, the sodium salt of DEHPA was precipitated by salting‐out, and the resulting heterogeneous mixture was filtered using a syringe filter. The precipitate containing the analytes was then dissolved in methanol for analysis by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Under optimal conditions, extraction recovery for chloroanilines ranged from 26% to 71%. Method linearity was evaluated within a concentration range of 1.0–100 µg/L, resulting in coefficients of determination exceeding 0.9987 for all analytes. Method detection limits ranged from 0.28 to 0.41 µg/L. Intra and inter‐day precision values were below 9.5% and 10.8%, respectively. The developed method was applied to determine chloroanilines in real waters, yielding acceptable recoveries ranging from 80% to 109% for spiked tap, rain, and stream waters. Additionally, the method was successfully employed for on‐site extraction of target contaminants, demonstrating no statistically significant differences compared to laboratory results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indigo carmine (IC) was used as an analyte and a layer of film with serine as the functional monomer was electropolymerized to create a poly(serine)-modified carbon paste electrode (PSMCPE). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical technology, in that order, were used to characterize the morphology, structure, and electrochemical characteristics of the PSMCPE. Experimental parameters including the reagent molar ratio, the number of electropolymerization cycles, scan rate, and electrolyte pH level, were methodically optimized during the sensor's fabrication. Under optimal conditions, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulsed voltammetry (DPV) were used for IC detection. The PSMCPE response current for IC exhibited a significant enhancement compared to that of the bare carbon paste electrode (BCPE). The linear range of IC measured by DPV was determined to be 0.2–3.5 μM, with the corresponding lower detection limit (LOD) 1.3211 × 10−7 M and lower limits of quantification (LOQ) 4.403 × 10−7 M. The modified electrode confirmed outstanding repeatability, reproducibility, and stability. Finally, the real-time application of the sensor was confirmed by investigating IC in a water sample, when good IC recovery was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Donghua University (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Journal of Donghua University (Natural Science) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The exceptional ascending heights of graphene (carbon) and boron nitride nanostructures have invited scientists to explore metal nitride nanomaterials. Herein, Zn3N2 quantum dots (QDs) were prepared via a simple hydrothermal route from the reaction between zinc nitrate hexahydrate and ammonia solution that possess efficient strength towards sensing applications of metal ions (Cu2+ and Mn2+). The as-prepared Zn3N2 QDs show bright fluorescence, displaying an emission peak at 408 nm upon excitation at 320 nm, with a quantum yield (QY) of 29.56%. It was noticed that the fluorescence intensity of Zn3N2 QDs linearly decreases with the independent addition of Cu2+ and Mn2+ ions, displaying good linearity in the ranges 2.5–50 µM and 0.05–5 µM with detection limits of 21.77 nM and of 63.82 nM for Cu2+ and Mn2+ ions, respectively. The probe was successfully tested for quantifying Cu2+ and Mn2+ in real samples including river, canal, and tap water, providing good recoveries with a relative standard deviation < 2%. Furthermore, the masking proposition can successfully eliminate the interference if the two metal ions exist together. It was found that thiourea is efficiently able to mask Cu2+ and selectively quenches Mn2+, and l-cysteine is able to halt the quenching potential of Mn2+ and is selectively able to sense Cu2+. The Zn3N2 QDs provide a simple way for the simultaneous detection of both Cu2+ and Mn2+ ions in environmental samples at low sample preparations requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study introduced a new microextraction method named temperature‐induced dispersive solid‐phase extraction. The performance of the method was demonstrated with the determination of Sudan dyes in food and natural water samples. In this method, a low quantity of sorbent was added to the aqueous solution and the mixture was shaken manually for about one minute. Then, the solution was heated in an ultrasonic water bath, and the sorbent was dissolved. Subsequently, the solution was cooled down with ice water, and consequently, the solubility of the sorbent was reduced in the sample solution and became cloudy. The phase separation was accelerated by centrifugation. The upper liquid phase was picked up using a syringe, and the remainder was solved in methanol and introduced into the HPLC for analysis. Various parameters affecting the extraction yield were evaluated. Analytical parameters, including limits of detection (0.011–0.016 μg/L) and quantification (0.038–0.055 μg/L), relative standard deviations (2.3%–3.1%), and preconcentration factor (40) proved the high efficiency of the developed method for the analysis of Sudan dyes. The proposed method was used to measure Sudan dyes in water and food samples and showed good extraction recoveries (95.0%–103.5%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facile and sensitive methods for detecting neonicotinoids (NEOs) in aquatic environments are crucial because they are found in extremely low concentrations in complex matrices. Herein, nitrogen-based magnetic conjugated microporous polymers (Fe3O4@N-CMP) with quaternary ammonium groups were synthesized for efficient magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of NEOs from tap water, rainwater, and lake water. Fe3O4@N-CMP possessed a suitable specific surface area, extended π-conjugated system, and numerous cationic groups. These properties endow Fe3O4@N-CMP with superior extraction efficiency toward NEOs. The excellent adsorption capacity of Fe3O4@N-CMP toward NEOs was attributed to its π–π stacking, Lewis acid–base, and electrostatic interactions. The proposed MSPE-HPLC-DAD approach based on Fe3O4@N-CMP exhibited a wide linear range (0.1–200 µg/L), low detection limits (0.3–0.5 µg/L), satisfactory precision, and acceptable reproducibility under optimal conditions. In addition, the established method was effectively utilized for the analysis of NEOs in tap water, rainwater, and lake water. Excellent recoveries of NEOs at three spiked levels were in the range of 70.4 to 122.7%, with RSDs less than 10%. This study provides a reliable pretreatment method for monitoring NEOs in environmental water samples.

Heavy metal ions are difficult to determine directly by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) due to the lack of Raman characteristic peaks for heavy metal. Herein, a SERS platform was promoted for the determination of divalent manganese ion (Mn2+) with the properties of cost-effectiveness and simplicity. The SERS platform was constructed into a hybrid system of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), 6-mercaptonicotinic acid (MNA), and melamine (MA). The likely principle of the SERS analysis platform for Mn2+ is that 6-mercaptonic acid cooperates with melamine to combine manganese ions to cause the aggregation of silver nanoparticles, resulting in the rapid enhancement of Raman characteristic peak signals of 6-mercaptonic acid. The established SERS platform for the Mn2+ determination obtained good linearity in the range of Mn2+ concentration of 1.0 × 10−5–1.0 × 10−4 mol/L with a limit of detection (LOD) of 4.0 × 10−6 mol/L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbendazim (CBZ) abuse can lead to pesticide residues, which may threaten the environment and human health. In this paper, a portable three-electrode sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG) was proposed for the electrochemical detection of CBZ. Compared with the traditional preparation method of graphene, LIG is prepared by exposing the polyimide film to a laser, which is easily produced and patterned. To enhance the sensitivity, platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) were electrodeposited on the surface of LIG. Under optimal conditions, our prepared sensor (LIG/Pt) has a good linear relationship with CBZ concentration in the range of 1–40 μM, with a low detection limit of 0.67 μM. Further, the sensor shows good recovery rates for the detection of CBZ in wastewater, which provides a fast and reliable method for real-time analysis of CBZ residues in water samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial contamination of water and food is a grave health concern rendering humans quite vulnerable to disease(s), and proving, at times, fatal too. Exploration of the novel diagnostic tools is, accordingly, highly called for to ensure rapid detection of the pathogenic bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli. The current manuscript, accordingly, reports the use of silane-functionalized glass matrices and antibody-conjugated cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots (QDs) for efficient detection of E. coli. Synthesis of QDs (size: 5.4–6.8 nm) using mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) stabilizer yielded stable photoluminescence (∼62%), corroborating superior fluorescent characteristics. A test sample, when added to antibody-conjugated matrices, followed by antibody-conjugated CdTe-MPA QDs, formed a pathogen-antibody QDs complex. The latter, during confocal microscopy, demonstrated rapid detection of the selectively captured pathogenic bacteria (10 microorganism cells/10 μL) with enhanced sensitivity and specificity. The work, overall, encompasses establishment and design of an innovative detection platform in microbial diagnostics for rapid capturing of pathogens in water and food samples. HIGHLIGHTS Antibody-mediated fluorescent biosensor for efficient capturing and detection of E. coli.; Bioconjugation of QDs and E. coli antibodies.; Qualitative, quantitative and selective assessment of E. coli in contaminated water using CLSM.; High sensitivity of glass matrix biosensor, with detection limit of 10 microorganisms/10 mL.; Capability of technology extension for detecting other microbial pathogens.;

Having started in the 1930-40s, the industrial development of the Kola North has caused elevated environmental pollution of the area’s water bodies. The pollutants contained in dust emissions, dissolved substances and waste waters require their genotoxicity to be estimated using in vivo assays. This article addresses the effect of pollutants entering the water bodies of the Murmansk region together with mining waste, which leads to a decrease in mitotic activity and an increase in chromosomal abnormalities in the roots of Allium cepa L. The evaluated waters showed an effect of reducing the mitotic index and the appearance of chromosomal aberrations; this may be associated with the presence of compounds in the water, such as mining waste.

The bioavailability of silicon (Si) in water systems impacts the phytoplankton productivity. There is increasing interest in Si research. Freezing of water samples is a popular preservation method, however, in the case of Si it can result in appreciable decreases in dissolved Si. Monomers and polymers of silicic acid and total dissolved Si were evaluated in artificial SiO2 water solutions during freezing and subsequent thawing in dynamics. Freezing resulted in increasing the monosilicic acid concentration in the remaining liquid phase and the formation of polymeric forms. On the 1st day of thawing, the concentrations of soluble forms of Si were significantly less than the initial values. The concentration of monosilicic acid was better recovered than that of polysilicic acids. Increasing the thawing time to 10 days increased the recovery to 77.9–93.1% for monosilicic acid, 69.1–88.0% for polysilicic acid, and 76.9–91.6% for total dissolved Si. Measuring soluble Si forms in frozen water samples collected from lake, river and creeks indicated the losses could be as high as 13% for monosilicic acid, 30% for polysilicic acid and 14% for dissolved Si. The higher the concentration of soluble Si, the greater the losses can be expected. To measure more precisely concentrations of soluble forms of Si, prolonged thawing (5–10 days) is recommended for restoration of the equilibrium between dissolved and precipitated forms of Si. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) profoundly impacted several seabird populations during the summers of 2021 and 2022. Infection spread rapidly across colonies, causing unprecedented mortality. At Foula, Shetland, 1500 breeding adult great skuas Stercorarius skua, totalling about two tonnes of decomposing virus-laden material, died at the colony in May−July 2022. Carcasses were left where they died as Government policy was not to remove dead birds. The factors influencing risk of further spread of infection are uncertain, but evidence suggests that HPAI can persist in water for many months in cool conditions and may be a major transmission factor for birds living in wetlands. We investigated risk of further spread of infection from water samples collected from under 45 decomposing carcasses and in three freshwater lochs/streams by sampling water in October 2022, by which time the great skua carcasses had rotted to bones, skin, and feathers. No viral genetic material was detected four months after the mortality, suggesting a low risk of seabird infection from the local environment when the seabirds would return the next breeding season. These findings, although based on a relatively small number of water samples, suggest that the high rainfall typical at Shetland probably washed away the virus from the decomposing carcasses. However, limitations to our study need to be taken on board in the design of environmental monitoring at seabird colonies during and immediately after future outbreaks of HPAI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, a covalent organic framework, which was fabricated at room temperature by using 1,3,5‐tris(p‐formylphenyl) benzene and 1,3,5‐tris(4‐aminophenyl)benzene as building blocks, was employed as an adsorbent for solid‐phase extraction of dyes including congo red, methyl blue and direct red 80 for the first time. The prepared covalent organic framework was properly characterized by different techniques and the results revealed that it had a uniform spherical structure, high crystallinity, satisfactory surface area, and good thermal stability. Moreover, the adsorption performance of the material was explored by using static and dynamic adsorption experiments and the results indicated that the material showed good adsorption capacities for three dyes with adsorption capacities in the range of 55.25–284.10 mg/g and the adsorption equilibrium can be achieved in 15 min. Further, to achieve the best adsorption effects of the material, the influence parameters such as pH, ionic strength, type of desorption solvent, and the material dosage in the solid‐phase extraction column, were optimized in turn. Finally, under optimal conditions, the solid‐phase extraction coupled with HPLC was applied to the analysis of dyes in food and water samples. The recoveries of dyes in actual samples were satisfactory, revealing the unique applicability of the material in the sample pretreatment field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to evaluate the contamination of water resources in the Parac subbasin. The existing contamination by heavy metals due to the presence of mining companies is of great concern to the population that inhabits the area since health is being affected. A methodology has been used as an integrated approach based on pollution assessment indices. Five surface water samples and seven groundwater samples were collected in the Parac subbasin, in the vicinity of the Tamboraque tailings. Physicochemical parameters and heavy metals (Al, As, Br, Pb, Fe, Cd, Mn, Hg, B, Ni, Cu, and Se) were analyzed. The mean concentrations of Al, As, Ba, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn were 0.3 mg/L, 0.02 mg/L, 0.02 mg/L, 0.05 mg/L, 0.8 mg/L, 0.04 mg/L, and 0.12 mg/L respectively. HPI, HEI, and Cd indices were averaged around 1378.5, 134.5, and 126.5 respectively, HPI and Cd values were above 100 as a critical contamination index value, which indicates that the water samples are critically contaminated with respect to the heavy metals studied. The total variance was 88.11% of the water quality with two components according to the ACP analysis. Al, As, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, and Mn showed a high positive charge on PC1 (69.68%) while Ba and Mo had a high positive charge on PC2 (18.12%). The intensity of distribution of metals As, Fe, Mn, and Pb in surface and groundwater is an environmental concern and a more complete monitoring network is needed for the sustainable management of water resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD)‐based chemosensor N′‐(7‐nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazol‐4‐yl)thiophene‐2‐carbohydrazide (NTCH) was synthesized for detecting Hg2+. NTCH could sense Hg2+ through a color change method from pale yellow to pink. Binding ratio of NTCH and Hg2+ was determined to be 1:1 with the analysis of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and Job plot. Detection limit turned out to be 0.69 μM. In addition, NTCH could be successfully utilized for detecting Hg2+ in real water samples and visible color test strips. The probing mechanism of NTCH to Hg2+ was explained with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) titration, Job plot, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS), and theoretical calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new method of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) was proposed for the determination of ultra-trace copper. It was based on the reaction of Cu(II) with the laboratory-prepared chelating agent 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-dimethylaminoaniline (5-Br-PADMA) in a HAc-NaAc buffer solution at pH 5.0 to form stable hydrophobic chelates, which were separated and enriched by DLLME with chlorobenzene (C6H5Cl) and acetonitrile (CH3CN) as extraction and disperser solvents, respectively. The sedimented phase containing the chelates was then determined with GFAAS. Various operating variables that may be affected by the extraction process such as the pH of the solution, the concentration of the chelating agent 5-Br-PADMA, the types and volumes of extraction and disperser solvents, the extraction time, and the centrifugation time were investigated. Under optimum conditions, the calibration curve was linear in the range from 0.02 ng/mL to 0.16 ng/mL of copper with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.9961, and the detection limit was 0.01 ng/mL based on 3Sb. The relative standard deviation for six replicate measurements of 0.05 ng /mL of copper was 3.9%. An enrichment factor (EF) of 110 was obtained. The method has the advantages of low detection limit, high sensitivity, simple operation, less consumption of organic solvents, higher enrichment factor, and environmental friendliness and was applied to the determination of trace copper in environmental water samples with satisfactory results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial contamination of water and food is a grave health concern rendering humans quite vulnerable to disease(s), and proving, at times, fatal too. Exploration of the novel diagnostic tools is, accordingly, highly called for to ensure rapid detection of the pathogenic bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli. The current manuscript, accordingly, reports the use of silane-functionalized glass matrices and antibody-conjugated cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots (QDs) for efficient detection of E. coli. Synthesis of QDs (size: 5.4-6.8 nm) using mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) stabilizer yielded stable photoluminescence (???62%), corroborating superior fluorescent characteristics. A test sample, when added to antibody-conjugated matrices, followed by antibody-conjugated CdTe-MPA QDs, formed a pathogen-antibody QDs complex. The latter, during confocal microscopy, demonstrated rapid detection of the selectively captured pathogenic bacteria (10 microorganism cells/10 μL) with enhanced sensitivity and specificity. The work, overall, encompasses establishment and design of an innovative detection platform in microbial diagnostics for rapid capturing of pathogens in water and food samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Having started in the 1930-40s, the industrial development of the Kola North has caused elevated environmental pollution of the area’s water bodies. The pollutants contained in dust emissions, dissolved substances and waste waters require their genotoxicity to be estimated using in vivo assays. This article addresses the effect of pollutants entering the water bodies of the Murmansk region together with mining waste, which leads to a decrease in mitotic activity and an increase in chromosomal abnormalities in the roots of Allium cepa L. The evaluated waters showed an effect of reducing the mitotic index and the appearance of chromosomal aberrations; this may be associated with the presence of compounds in the water, such as mining waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Health Sciences / Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Erciyes Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The coexistence of multiple contaminates in the environment and food is of growing concern due to their extremely hazard as a well-known class I carcinogen, like aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and benzo(α)pyrene (BaP). AFB1 and BaP are susceptible to coexistence in environmental water and edible oil, posing a significant potential risk to environmental monitoring and food safety. The remaining challenges in detecting multiple contaminates include unsatisfied sensitivity, insufficient targets selectivity, and interferences in complex matrices. Here, we developed dual-template magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (DMMIPs) for selective extraction of dual targets in complex matrices from the environment and food. The DMMIPs were fabricated by surface imprinting with vinyl-functionalized Fe 3 O 4 as carrier, 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin and pyrene as dummy templates, and methacrylamide as functional monomer. The DMMIPs showed excellent adsorption ability (12.73–15.80 mg/g), imprinting factors (2.01–2.58), and reusability of three adsorption-desorption cycles for AFB1 and BaP. The adsorption mechanism including hydrogen bond, electrostatic interaction and van der Waals force was confirmed by physical characterization and DFT calculation. Applying DMMIPs in magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis enabled detection limits of 0.134 μg/L for AFB1 and 0.107 μg/L for BaP. Recovery rates for water and edible oil samples were recorded as 86.2%–110.3% with RSDs of 4.1%–11.9%. This approach demonstrates potential for simultaneous identification and extraction of multiple contaminants in environmental and food. [Display omitted] • A dual-template magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (DMMIPs) was developed. • DMMIPs had high selectivity towards aflatoxin B1 and benzo(α)pyrene. • DMMIPs were suitable for water- and lipid-soluble substrates. • DMMIPs were reproducible with enhanced cyclability for trace-level analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A dual-response fluorescent probe RPT for detecting SO 2 and HClO is synthesized. • The fluorescent probe can monitor SO 2 and HClO with a wavelength difference of 85 nm. • The fluorescent probe has simple synthetic method and is easy to be obtained. • Fluorescent probe can image SO 2 and HClO in living cells (HeLa and RAW 264.7 cells). • Fluorescent probe can detect SO 2 and HClO in various water and food samples. Hypochlorous acid (HClO) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2) play vital roles in various fields, including living organisms, water samples, food and so on. High doses of SO 2 and HClO are seriously harmful to human and are associated with a variety of diseases. Therefore, monitoring the level of SO 2 and HClO in various fields is significant for exploring their roles. In this work, a novel dual-response fluorescent probe RPT for detecting SO 2 and HClO is successfully designed and synthesized, which is composed by pyrylium moiety and thiazine part. The fluorescent probe RPT can respectively monitor SO 2 and HClO by two well-separated emission wavelength with an obvious difference of 85 nm. The fluorescent probe RPT also displays desired properties such as simple synthetic method, high sensitivity and selectivity. In addition, as a biocompatible molecule, RPT has been successfully used for monitoring SO 2 and HClO in HeLa cells and RAW 264.7 cells in two different channels (red channel and green channel). More importantly, SO 2 and HClO levels in various water and food samples have been detected with satisfactory results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The formation of stable binary water-soluble sub-micellar aggregates of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-copper-pyrocatechol violet complex (CTAB-Cu-PCV) diminishes the stability and absorbance of the Cu-PCV complex. A new flow injection spectrophotometric sensing strategy used for the determination of CTAB in commodity personal care antiseptics and water samples has been established relying on the above-mentioned concept. Based on the reduction of the absorption of the Cu-PCV solution by the injection of CTAB solution at pH 6.0 and 430 nm, a linear absorbance decrease was observed over the CTAB concentration range of 2.0 to 100.0 µg mL−1 (r = 0.987). The analysis method showed limits of detection (3.3 ơ) and quantification (10 ơ) of 0.08 and 0.27 µg mL−1, respectively. The precision (RSD) for five replicate determinations was 7.9 and 3.7% at 10 and 50 µg mL−1, respectively. The developed method was applied successfully to the determination of CTAB in personal care products, namely skin lotion and vaginal wash, in addition to water samples. The corresponding RSD (n = 5) values were ≤8.2%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we analyzed the concentration distributions of 20 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 41 water samples which were collected from the northern part of Taihu Lake during 4 field campaigns (201511, 201606, 201702 and 201709). The concentrations were determined with GC–MS, and their spatial and seasonal distribution characteristics were interpreted. The results show that 2-ring PAHs present considerably higher concentrations in warm seasons than cold seasons, but the concentrations of the other higher-ring PAHs are rather stable in warm and cold seasons. The distribution patterns of these PAHs might be mainly attributed to ambient temperature effects on the PAH solubility in the water body. Meanwhile, the spatial distributions of the PAH concentrations in cold seasons were rather various in the sampling area, while the distributions in the warm seasons were homogeneous. The different distributions could result from the water recharge from the Yangtze River during cold seasons, which diluted PAH concentrations in the northeastern part of the lake. Furthermore, via literature review on PAH concentrations in water body, PAHs are in a wide range of levels and their patterns are different among the studies, which should be more effected by local factors instead of general PAH properties. The results from this study also present special characteristics of PAHs in Taihu Lake, which exhibit more insight on PAHs existence in water bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel dansyl chloride‐based fluorescent polymer‐coated chips (PCFCs) were designed and developed via polymerization of 2‐(5‐(dimethylamino) naphthalen‐1‐ylsulfonyloxy)ethyl methacrylate (DNS‐EMA) on the surface of a 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MPS) modified glass slide with a supporting membrane. The chemical linkage of DNS‐EMA on PCFC surface was verified by 1H‐NMR, IR, and fluorescence measurements. Particularly, the optimized fluorescent polymer‐coated chip (PCFC6) in 1/1 (v/v) acetonitrile /water exhibited higher sensitivity toward Hg2+ than the other tested metal ions at concentrations ranging from 1.66 μmol/L to 50.6 μmol/L with R2=0.9923. Interestingly, PCFC6 is water‐compatible, photostable and exhibits good selectivity to Hg2+ even at low concentrations compared to other representative metal cations with 89.2‐109.9 % recoveries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple, rapid, and environment-friendly deep eutectic solvents-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DES-DLLME) technique has been developed to preconcentrate trace levels of zinc (Zn2+) as a sample preparation step prior to its determination with flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Deep eutectic solvent (DES) system of choline chloride (ChCl) and dodecanol efficiently extracted the metal–ligand complex (Zn2+-dithizone). Variables such as temperature, pH, incubation time, the volume of dispersive and extraction solvent, centrifugation rate and time, sample volume, and vortex time affecting the extraction efficacy of the proposed technique were screened by Plackett–Burman design. Central composite design was used for the optimization of significant variables. Under optimum conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) obtained were 0.09 µg L−1 and 0.30 µg L−1, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 6.67% (n = 5) with 99.8% recovery for Zn2+. After validation, the developed method was effectively used for the detection of trace level of Zn2+ in real water samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbendazim (CBZ) abuse can lead to pesticide residues, which may threaten the environment and human health. In this paper, a portable three-electrode sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG) was proposed for the electrochemical detection of CBZ. Compared with the traditional preparation method of graphene, LIG is prepared by exposing the polyimide film to a laser, which is easily produced and patterned. To enhance the sensitivity, platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) were electrodeposited on the surface of LIG. Under optimal conditions, our prepared sensor (LIG/Pt) has a good linear relationship with CBZ concentration in the range of 1–40 μM, with a low detection limit of 0.67 μM. Further, the sensor shows good recovery rates for the detection of CBZ in wastewater, which provides a fast and reliable method for real-time analysis of CBZ residues in water samples.

In this paper, a new spectrophotometric method was established for the determination of malachite green. The optimal pH for the determination of malachite green for the method is 4.0 with a suitable temperature of 35°C. In a pH 4.0 acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution medium, the maximum absorption wavelength of malachite green was located at 614 nm. A good linearity is presented over the concentration range of 0-6.0 µg/mL of malachite green and absorbance at this wavelength. The apparent molar absorption coefficient of the method was 7.43 x 104 L/(cm·mol) at 614 nm with a detection limit of 0.13 µg/mL and a quantification limit of 0.43 µg/mL. Then influences of thirty-three co-existing substances on the determination of malachite green were determined. The inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviation for polluted water sample is 0.60% and 0.83%, respectively. The present method was used for the determination of malachite green in a few kinds of water samples with good precision and accuracy. A rapid and accurate method has been established for the determination of malachite green in water samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation is the property of Bulletin of Soil & Water Conservation Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, a zinc-based MOF material-[Zn2(btc)(atrz)(H2O)2]·2H2O (btc = benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, artz = 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole) was designed and applied as a sorbent for the vortex-assisted micro-solid-phase extraction (VA-µ-SPE) of UV filters from water and toner samples, followed by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector determination. Parameters affecting VA-µ-SPE such as sorbent amount, desorption solvent, vortex time, desorption time, solution pH and salt concentration were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, linearity of the UV filters was obtained in the range of 5(10)–1000 ng mL−1, and the correlation coefficient was higher than 0.9959. The limits of detection ranged between 1.5 and 3.2 ng mL−1 and limits of quantification were in the range of 4.2–10 ng mL−1. The relative standard deviations were in the range of 2.3–7.1%. The recoveries for the spiked real samples were in the range of 90.7–111.3% with relative standard deviation less than 7.2%. It proved to be a fast, accurate and convenient method for extraction of UV filters from different matrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advancement of novel sorbent materials and efficient extraction mode is urgently needed for sorbent-phase microextraction techniques. Herein, two novel microextraction techniques, hyper-crosslinked polymer-solid phase microextraction (HCP-SPME) and stir bar fabric phase sorptive extraction (stir bar-FPSE), were systematically compared for simultaneous extraction and determination of four fluoroquinolones (FQs) [e.g. ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, enrofloxacin, sparfloxacin] in water by high-performance liquid chromatography. Factors affecting the extraction performance of two proposed methods such as extraction time, pH, ionic strength, and desorption conditions were evaluated. It was indicated that stir bar-FPSE was superior to HCP-SPME for the determination of FQs under the optimal conditions. The limits of detection (LODs) were in the range of 0.03–0.08 μg L−1 for HCP-SPME and 0.02–0.05 μg L−1 for stir bar-FPSE, respectively. High recoveries and relative standard deviations (RSD, n = 5) were 87–96% and 2.8–5.7%, respectively, for HCP-SPME, 90–101% and 2.1–4.6% for stir bar-FPSE. Additionally, the advantages of stir bar-FPSE were shorter extraction time, low cost and higher extraction capacity. Therefore, the stir bar-FPSE method exhibits better application potential for the extraction and determination of FQs in real environmental water samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel strategy was used for preparing a metal–organic framework. • The novel sensor was used for the selective detection of Cd2+ ions. • Fluorometric detection. • The limits of detection of sensor are calculated as 0.0514 μM for Cd2+ ion. • The possible mechanism of fluorescence quenching was discussed in detail. A newly developed 2H5MA-MOF sensor by covalently linking NH 2 -MIL-53(Al) with 2′-Hydroxy-5′-methylacetophenon, designed for highly sensitive and selective detection of Cd2+ ions using fluorometric methods. Detailed structural and morphological analyses confirmed the sensor's unique properties. It demonstrated an impressive linear detection range from 0 to 2 ppm, with an exceptionally low detection limit of 5.77 × 10−2 ppm and a quantification limit of 1.75 × 10−1 ppm, indicating its high sensitivity (R2 = 0.9996). The sensor also responded quickly, detecting Cd2+ within just 30 s at pH 4. We successfully tested it on real samples of tap water and human blood plasma, achieving recovery rates between 96 % and 104 %. The accuracy of these findings was further validated by comparison with ICP-OES. Overall, the 2H5MA-MOF sensor shows great potential for fast, ultra-sensitive, and reliable detection of Cd2+ ions, making it a promising tool for environmental and biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), as an elemental composition analysis technique, has many unique advantages and great potential for applications in water detection. However, the quality of LIBS spectral signals, such as signal-to-noise ratio and stability, is often poor due to the matrix effects of water, limiting its practical performance. To effectively remove the inherent weak radiation in experimental spectral data that can be easily mistaken for noise, this paper proposes a denoising algorithm for processing spectral data using a self-built blank sample spectral database of deionized water samples, and designs a complete data processing workflow. It includes steps such as blank sample data screening, internal standard correction, blank sample correction, and spectral smoothing. Against the backdrop of marine applications, experimental spectral data for target elements Na, Mg, Ca, K, Sr, and Li were processed with this algorithm. The results show that after algorithm processing, the spectral quality was significantly improved, with the signal-to-noise ratio and detection limits of various elements improved by at least one order of magnitude. The signal-for Li increased by up to 36 times, and the detection limit for K decreased by up to 25.2 times. Additionally, tiny spectral peaks that could not be observable in the original spectral data could be effectively extracted after processing. From a technical implementation perspective, the database establishment and data process are simple and practical, with universal applicability. Therefore, this method has good potential and wide foregrounds in many other water sample LIBS detection technologies. [Display omitted] • Use blank sample removal method for noise reduction in LIBS spectral preprocessing. • The noise reduction effect is significant. Compared with the original spectra of six target elements, the spectral data processed by this algorithm shows significant noise reduction, achieving a SNR of up to 36 times. • This method effectively extracts small spectral peaks that cannot be detected in the original spectrum. • For multiple elements, the detection limit of all target elements can be increased by at least one order of magnitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chromium is widely recognized as a significant pollutant discharged into the environment by various industrial activities. The toxicity of this element is dependent on its oxidation state, making speciation analysis crucial for monitoring the quality of environmental water and assessing the potential risks associated with industrial waste. This study introduces a single-well fluorometric sensor that utilizes orange emissive thioglycolic acid stabilized CdTe quantum dots (TGA-QDs) and blue emissive carbon dots (CDs) to detect and differentiate between various chromium species, such as Cr (III) and Cr (VI) (i.e., CrO 4 2− and Cr 2 O 7 2−). The variations of fluorescence spectra of the proposed probe upon chromium species addition were analyzed using machine learning techniques such as linear discriminant analysis and partial least squares regression as a classification and multivariate calibration technique, respectively. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) demonstrated exceptional accuracy in differentiating single-component and bicomponent samples. Additionally, the findings from the partial least squares regression (PLSR) showed that the sensor created has strong linearity within the 1.0–100.0, 1.0–100.0, and 0.1–15 μM range for Cr 2 O 7 2−, CrO 4 2−, and Cr3+, respectively. Furthermore, appropriate detection limits were successfully achieved, which were 2.6, 2.9, and 0.7 μM for Cr 2 O 7 2−, CrO 4 2−, and Cr3+, respectively. Ultimately, the successful capability of the sensing platform in the identification and quantification of chromium species in environmental water samples provides innovative insights into general speciation analytics. [Display omitted] • This study utilizes a single-well fluorometric sensor for chromium speciation. • The probe was developed by mixing TGA-QDs and CDs in an appropriate proportion. • The probe benefits from Machine Learning techniques for chromium speciation. • The probe monitors chromium pollution in environmental water samples in real-time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new dual-responsive chemosensor NOP (4-(7-nitrobenzo[ c ][1,2,5]oxadiazol-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)(pyrazin-2-yl)methanone) was synthesized. Chemosensor NOP selectively probed S2- via fluorescent turn-off and colorimetric change from yellow to pink in pure water. The detection limit of NOP for S2- was determined to be 1.22 μM (fluorescence) and 1.05 μM (colorimetry), which were much below the WHO standard (14.8 μM). The detection mechanism of S2- was illustrated to be thiolysis reaction of NBD-amine moiety by 1H NMR titrations, ESI-mass, and DFT calculations, producing the cleavage product (NBD-S-). NOP could successfully quantify S2- in water, beverage samples, and zebrafish. Practically, NOP -coated strips could be employed for easy and rapid recognition of S2- in real-field and for monitoring food spoilage by dual-response. Therefore, NOP assured an auspicious approach for reliable S2- detection in real-field and food systems. [Display omitted] • New dual-responsive chemosensor NOP was synthesized for detection of S2- in water. • NOP selectively detected S2- through fluorescent turn-off and colorimetric change. • NOP is the first case to trace food spoilage among dual-responsive sensors for S2-. • NOP can quantify S2- in water, beverage samples, and zebrafish. • Detecting mechanism of S2- by NOP was proposed to be the thiolysis of NBD amine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analytical method was developed for the rapid determination of 226Ra in water through liquid scintillation counting. The separation and purification of 226Ra from water were performed by co-precipitation using barium sulfate as the carrier; the direct measurement of 226Ra was realized by using a liquid scintillation spectrometer. Through sample analysis, a mathematical model for uncertainty evaluation was established and the sources of uncertainty were analyzed. The results showed that the overall counting efficiency of 226Ra is 91.3%-98.5%, the detection limit is 0.01 Bq/L, and the relative extended uncertainty is 7% (k=2), indicating that the proposed method is suitable for the rapid analysis of 226Ra in drinking water. The uncertainty of the method for the determination of 226Ra in water is mainly caused by the errors of sample counting rate and overall counting efficiency.

High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) profoundly impacted several seabird populations during the summers of 2021 and 2022. Infection spread rapidly across colonies, causing unprecedented mortality. At Foula, Shetland, 1500 breeding adult great skuas Stercorarius skua, totalling about two tonnes of decomposing virus-laden material, died at the colony in May−July 2022. Carcasses were left where they died as Government policy was not to remove dead birds. The factors influencing risk of further spread of infection are uncertain, but evidence suggests that HPAI can persist in water for many months in cool conditions and may be a major transmission factor for birds living in wetlands. We investigated risk of further spread of infection from water samples collected from under 45 decomposing carcasses and in three freshwater lochs/streams by sampling water in October 2022, by which time the great skua carcasses had rotted to bones, skin, and feathers. No viral genetic material was detected four months after the mortality, suggesting a low risk of seabird infection from the local environment when the seabirds would return the next breeding season. These findings, although based on a relatively small number of water samples, suggest that the high rainfall typical at Shetland probably washed away the virus from the decomposing carcasses. However, limitations to our study need to be taken on board in the design of environmental monitoring at seabird colonies during and immediately after future outbreaks of HPAI.

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Groundwater pollution is a major problem in most countries, including Morocco. This study was aimed at evaluating the suitability of groundwater for irrigation in Sidi Slimane, Morocco, using the irrigation water quality index (IWQI). Water samples were collected from 20 wells in 2018. Electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption rate (SAR), sodium ions (Na+), chloride ions (Cl-), and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) were measured, and the parameter values were used to compute and plot the irrigation water quality index (IWQI). The results showed that the average values for EC and SAR of the groundwater samples were 4915±3772 µS/cm and 11.22 ±5.36, respectively. Water toxicity was calculated in terms of sodium ion concentration (Na+), yielding a mean value of 32.09±22.03 meq/L. Furthermore, the average chloride and bicarbonate ion concentrations in the study area were 31.31±22.86 meq/L and 7.568±2.599 meq/L, respectively. The IWQI map revealed that more than 65% of the water samples were in the excellent category, which is dominant in the large areas in the west; 35% of the water samples were in the good category in the center of the study area, and 5% of the water samples were in the poor category in the east of the study area. The findings of this study should be taken into account for the management of groundwater for irrigation in the Sidi Slimane region of Morocco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents laboratory analysis of the water and sediment samples taken on September 2021 from Cavnic and Lăpu? rivers. The values of these results are interpreted by reference to the Technical Regulations on heavy metal contents in discharged waters into the emissary, without being able to be reported on regulations on river sediments. An analysis is made of the impact of these contents leading to complete destruction of aquatic life in the areas of sampling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]