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2. Spallation reaction study for long-lived fission products in nuclear waste

Author

Wang He, Otsu Hideaki, Sakurai Hiroyoshi, Ahn DeukSoon, Aikawa Masayuki, Ando Takashi, Araki Shouhei, Chen Sidong, Chiga Nobuyuki, Doornenbal Pieter, Fukuda Naoki, Isobe Tadaaki, Kawakami Shunsuke, Kawase Shoichiro, Kin Tadahiro, Kondo Yosuke, Koyama Shunpei, Kubono Shigeru, Maeda Yukie, Makinaga Ayano, Matsushita Masafumi, Matsuzaki Teiichiro, Michimasa Shin ichiro, Momiyama Satoru, Nagamine Shunsuke, Nakamura Takashi, Nakano Keita, Niikura Megumi, Ozaki Tomoyuki, Saito Atsumi, Saito Takeshi, Shiga Yoshiaki, Shikata Mizuki, Shimizu Yohei, Shimoura Susumu, Sumikama Toshiyuki, Söderstrom Pär-Anders, Suzuki Hiroshi, Takeda Hiroyuki, Takeuchi Satoshi, Taniuchi Ryo, Togano Yasuhiro, Tsubota Junichi, Uesaka Meiko, Watanabe Yasushi, Watanabe Yukinobu, Wimmer Kathrin, Yamamoto Tatsuya, and Yoshida Koichi

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Spallation reaction for the long-lived fission product 107Pd has been studied for the purpose of nuclear waste transmutation. The isotopic-distribution cross sections on both proton and deuteron were obtained at 118 MeV/nucleon in inverse kinematics at the RIKEN Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory. A large cross-section difference was found between the proton and deuteron results for the light-mass products. The data were compared with the SPACS semi-empirical parameterization and the PHITS calculations including both the intranuclear cascade and evaporation processes. In addition, the potential of spallation reaction for transmutation of 107Pd is discussed.

Published
2020
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4. Cross sections for nuclide production in proton- and deuteron-induced reactions on 93Nb measured using the inverse kinematics method

Author

Nakano Keita, Watanabe Yukinobu, Kawase Shoichiro, Wang He, Otsu Hideaki, Sakurai Hiroyoshi, Takeuchi Satoshi, Togano Yasuhiro, Nakamura Takashi, Maeda Yukie, Ahn Deuk Soon, Aikawa Masayuki, Araki Shouhei, Chen Sidong, Chiga Nobuyuki, Doornenbal Pieter, Fukuda Naoki, Ichihara Takashi, Isobe Tadaaki, Kawakami Shunsuke, Kin Tadahiro, Kondo Yosuke, Koyama Shunpei, Kubo Toshiyuki, Kubono Shigeru, Kurokawa Meiko, Makinaga Ayano, Matsushita Masafumi, Matsuzaki Teiichiro, Michimasa Shin'ichiro, Momiyama Satoru, Nagamine Shunsuke, Niikura Megumi, Ozaki Tomoyuki, Saito Atsumi, Saito Takeshi, Shiga Yoshiaki, Shikata Mizuki, Shimizu Yohei, Shimoura Susumu, Sumikama Toshiyuki, Söderström Pär-Anders, Suzuki Hiroshi, Takeda Hiroyuki, Taniuchi Ryo, Tsubota Jun'ichi, Watanabe Yasushi, Wimmer Kathrin, Yamamoto Tatsuya, and Yoshida Koichi

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Isotopic production cross sections were measured for proton- and deuteron-induced reactions on 93Nb by means of the inverse kinematics method at RIKEN Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory. The measured production cross sections of residual nuclei in the reaction 93Nb + p at 113 MeV/u were compared with previous data measured by the conventional activation method in the proton energy range between 46 and 249 MeV. The present inverse kinematics data of four reaction products (90Mo, 90Nb, 88Y, and 86Y) were in good agreement with the data of activation measurement. Also, the model calculations with PHITS describing the intra-nuclear cascade and evaporation processes generally well reproduced the measured isotopic production cross sections.

Published
2017
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5. Cross section measurement of residues produced in proton- and deuteron-induced spallation reactions on 93Zr at 105 MeV/u using the inverse kinematics method

Author

Kawase Shoichiro, Watanabe Yukinobu, Wang He, Otsu Hideaki, Sakurai Hiroyoshi, Takeuchi Satoshi, Togano Yasuhiro, Nakamura Takashi, Maeda Yukie, Ahn Deuk Soon, Aikawa Masayuki, Araki Shouhei, Chen Sidong, Chiga Nobuyuki, Doornenbal Pieter, Fukuda Naoki, Ichihara Takashi, Isobe Tadaaki, Kawakami Shunsuke, Kin Tadahiro, Kondo Yosuke, Koyama Shunpei, Kubo Toshiyuki, Kubono Shigeru, Kurokawa Meiko, Makinaga Ayano, Matsushita Masafumi, Matsuzaki Teiichiro, Michimasa Shin'ichiro, Momiyama Satoru, Nagamine Shunsuke, Nakano Keita, Niikura Megumi, Ozaki Tomoyuki, Saito Atsumi, Saito Takeshi, Shiga Yoshiaki, Shikata Mizuki, Shimizu Yohei, Shimoura Susumu, Sumikama Toshiyuki, Söderström Pär-Anders, Suzuki Hiroshi, Takeda Hiroyuki, Taniuchi Ryo, Tsubota Jun'ichi, Watanabe Yasushi, Wimmer Kathrin, Yamamoto Tatsuya, and Yoshida Koichi

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Isotopic production cross sections in the proton- and deuteron-induced spallation reactions on 93Zr at an energy of 105 MeV/u were measured in inverse kinematics conditions for the development of realistic nuclear transmutation processes for long-lived fission products (LLFPs) with neutron and light-ion beams. The experimental results were compared to the PHITS calculations describing the intra-nuclear cascade and evaporation processes. Although an overall agreement was obtained, a large overestimation of the production cross sections for the removal of a few nucleons was seen. A clear shell effect associated with the neutron magic number N = 50 was observed in the measured isotopic production yields of Zr and Y isotopes, which can be reproduced reasonably by the PHITS calculation.

Published
2017
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6. Spallation reaction study for fission products in nuclear waste: Cross section measurements for 137Cs, 90Sr and 107Pd on proton and deuteron

Author

Wang He, Otsu Hideaki, Sakurai Hiroyoshi, Ahn DeukSoon, Aikawa Masayuki, Ando Takashi, Araki Shouhei, Chen Sidong, Chiga Nobuyuki, Doornenbal Pieter, Fukuda Naoki, Isobe Tadaaki, Kawakami Shunsuke, Kawase Shoichiro, Kin Tadahiro, Kondo Yosuke, Koyama Shupei, Kubono Shigeru, Maeda Yukie, Makinaga Ayano, Matsushita Masafumi, Matsuzaki Teiichiro, Michimasa Shinichiro, Momiyama Satoru, Nagamine Shunsuke, Nakamura Takashi, Nakano Keita, Niikura Megumi, Ozaki Tomoyuki, Saito Atsumi, Saito Takeshi, Shiga Yoshiaki, Shikata Mizuki, Shimizu Yohei, Shimoura Susumu, Sumikama Toshiyuki, Söderström Pär-Anders, Suzuki Hiroshi, Takeda Hiroyuki, Takeuchi Satoshi, Taniuchi Ryo, Togano Yasuhiro, Tsubota Junichi, Uesaka Meiko, Watanabe Yasushi, Watanabe Yukinobu, Wimmer Kathrin, Yamamoto Tatsuya, and Yoshida Koichi

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Spallation reactions for the long-lived fission products 137Cs, 90Sr and 107Pd have been studied for the purpose of nuclear waste transmutation. The cross sections on the proton- and deuteron-induced spallation were obtained in inverse kinematics at the RIKEN Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory. Both the target and energy dependences of cross sections have been investigated systematically. and the cross-section differences between the proton and deuteron are found to be larger for lighter fragments. The experimental data are compared with the SPACS semi-empirical parameterization and the PHITS calculations including both the intra-nuclear cascade and evaporation processes.

Published
2017
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14. Antecedents and consequences of telework during the COVID-19 pandemic: A natural experiment in Japan

Author

40838398, Domae, Hiina, Nakayama, Masataka, Takemura, Kosuke, Watanabe, Yasushi, Gobel, Matthias, Uchida, Yukiko, 40838398, Domae, Hiina, Nakayama, Masataka, Takemura, Kosuke, Watanabe, Yasushi, Gobel, Matthias, and Uchida, Yukiko

Abstract

Amidst the global COVID-19 pandemic, telework (remote work) has become a widespread practice adopted by companies worldwide. However, Japan has notably maintained a low rate of telework implementation, suggesting cultural factors hindering its adoption. This study aimed to elucidate the antecedents and consequences of teleworking in Japan. Leveraging the natural experiment created by the COVID-19 pandemic, we addressed two key questions: (1) What socio-psychological factors in Japanese workplaces were important for implementing telework in the first place? and (2) How did the implementation of telework subsequently influence socio-psychological factors in these workplaces? Employees from various Japanese companies completed three waves of an online survey before and during the pandemic. Results showed that telework was more likely to be implemented in organizations characterized by a meritocracy. Results also showed that the implementation of telework demonstrated no measurable negative effects but instead increased levels of independence, organizational commitment, and perceived hierarchy mutability.

Published
2024

19. Physics Achievements from the Belle Experiment

Author

Brodzicka, Jolanta, Browder, Thomas, Chang, Paoti, Eidelman, Simon, Golob, Bostjan, Hayasaka, Kiyoshi, Hayashii, Hisaki, Iijima, Toru, Inami, Kenji, Kinoshita, Kay, Kwon, Youngjoon, Miyabayashi, Kenkichi, Mohanty, Gagan, Nakao, Mikihiko, Nakazawa, Hideyuki, Olsen, Stephen, Sakai, Yoshihide, Schwanda, Christoph, Schwartz, Alan, Trabelsi, Karim, Uehara, Sadaharu, Uno, Shoji, Watanabe, Yasushi, and Zupanc, Anze

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Belle experiment, running at the KEKB e+e- asymmetric energy collider during the first decade of the century, achieved its original objective of measuring precisely differences between particles and anti-particles in the B system. After collecting 1000 fb-1 of data at various Upsilon resonances, Belle also obtained the many other physics results described in this article., Comment: 119 pages, 81 figures, submitted to PTEP journal

Published
2012

22. Spallation reaction study for the long-lived fission products in nuclear waste: Cross section measurements for 137Cs, 90Sr and 107Pd using inverse kinematics method

Author

Wang, He, Otsu, Hideaki, Sakurai, Hiroyoshi, Ahn, DeukSoon, Chiga, Nobuyuki, Doornenbal, Pieter, Fukuda, Naoki, Isobe, Tadaaki, Kubo, Toshiyuki, Kubono, Shigeru, Lorusso, Giusseppe, Söderström, Pär-Anders, Suzuki, Hiroshi, Takeda, Hiroyuki, Watanabe, Yasushi, Yoshida, Koichi, Matsuzaki, Teiichiro, Shimizu, Yohei, Sumikama, Toshiyuki, Uesaka, Meiko, Kawase, Shoichiro, Nakano, Keita, Watanabe, Yukinobu, Araki, Shouhei, Kin, Tadahiro, Takeuchi, Satoshi, Togano, Yasuhiro, Nakamura, Takashi, Kondo, Yosuke, Ozaki, Tomoyuki, Saito, Atsumi, Tsubota, Junichi, Aikawa, Masayuki, Makinaga, Ayano, Ando, Takashi, Koyama, Shunpei, Momiyama, Satoru, Nagamine, Shunsuke, Niikura, Megumi, Saito, Takeshi, Taniuchi, Ryo, Wimmer, Kathrin, Kawakami, Shunsuke, Maeda, Yukie, Yamamoto, Tatsuya, Shiga, Yoshiaki, Matsushita, Masafumi, Michimasa, Shin’ichiro, and Shimoura, Susumu

Published
2017
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26. Ni-Co Mineralization in the Intex Laterite Deposit, Mindoro, Philippines

Author

Tupaz, CarmelaAlenJ., Watanabe, Yasushi, Sanematsu, Kenzo, Echigo, Takuya, Arcilla, Carlo, Ferrer, Cherisse, Tupaz, CarmelaAlenJ., Watanabe, Yasushi, Sanematsu, Kenzo, Echigo, Takuya, Arcilla, Carlo, and Ferrer, Cherisse

Abstract

The Intex laterite deposit in Mindoro, Philippines is derived from the weathering of the ultramafic rocks under a tropical climate. This study investigates the several types of serpentines and the effect of the degree of chemical weathering of ultramafic rocks and laterites on the enrichment of Ni in the deposit. The five types of serpentines are differentiated based on their textural features and Raman spectral data. Type I, type II, type III, and type IV serpentines contain a low amount of NiO (average 0.15 wt%), and their formation is linked to the previous exhumation of the ultramafic body. Conversely, type V serpentines show the highest NiO contents (average 1.42 wt%) and have the composition of serpentine-like garnierites, indicating a supergene origin. In the limonite horizon, goethite is the main ore mineral and shows high NiO contents of up to 1.68 wt%, whereas the Mn-oxyhydroxides (i.e., asbolane and lithiophorite-asbolane intermediate) display substantial amounts of CoO (up to 11.3 wt%) and NiO (up to 15.6 wt%). The Ultramafic Index of Alteration (UMIA) and Index of Lateritization (IOL) are used to characterize the different stages of weathering of rocks and laterites. The calculated index values correspond to a less advanced stage of weathering of the Intex laterites compared with the Berong laterites. The Berong deposit is a Ni-Co laterite deposit in the Philippines, which is formed from the weathering of the serpentinized peridotite. The less extreme degree of weathering of the Intex laterites indicates less advanced leaching, and thereby the re-distribution of Ni, Si, and Mg from the limonite towards the saprolite horizon may have resulted in the poor precipitation of talc-like (kerolite-pimelite) and sepiolite-like (sepiolite-falcondoite) phases in the studied saprolite horizon. Nickel in the Intex deposit has undergone supergene enrichment similar to other humid tropical laterite deposits.

Published
2023

27. Chemical Characteristics of Zircon from Khaldzan Burgedei Peralkaline Complex, Western Mongolia

Author

Sarangua, Nergui, Watanabe, Yasushi, Echigo, Takuya, Hoshino, Mihoko, Sarangua, Nergui, Watanabe, Yasushi, Echigo, Takuya, and Hoshino, Mihoko

Abstract

The Khaldzan Burgedei peralkaline complex is one of the potential rare metal (Zr-Nb-REE) deposits in Mongolia. The complex consists mainly of quartz syenite and granite, and zircon is the most common accessory mineral in the rocks. Based on texture and mineral paragenesis, zircon is classified into three types. Type-I zircons in the quartz syenite and granite are generally isolated and euhedral to subhedral, 25-100 p.m in size, enclosed by albite, K-feldspar, and quartz. Type-II zircons occur as subhedral to euhedral 20-150 mu m grains, with quartz, and fluorite in the metasomatized zone in the quartz syenite as well as an upper part of the granite near the contact with the quartz syenite. These zircons contain porous core parts (Type-I) or remnants of corroded xenotime-(Y) and synchysite-(Ce). Type-III zircons are observed in the hydrothermally altered zone in quartz syenite and pegmatite. These zircons are anhedral, fine-grained, 10-30 mu m in size, and occur in amphibole pseudomorphs which were replaced by quartz, fluorite, chlorite, and hematite. Laser Raman spectra show that Type-I and Type-II zircons contain high amounts of water. Among these, three types of zircons, Type-II zircons are most enriched in REE, Nb, and Th. The texture and composition of the three types of zircons indicate that Type-I, Type-II, and Type-III zircons are magmatic, metasomatic and late hydrothermal in origin, respectively, and they experienced remobilization and recrystallization during the transition from a magmatic to a hydrothermal system.

Published
2023

29. AxeLatoon — Let's Build an Accelerator at School!

Author

Takahashi, Shota, primary, Furukawa, Michihiro, additional, Hattori, Ayaka, additional, Hirota, Katsuya, additional, Kikuchi, Takashi, additional, Otani, Masashi, additional, Otsuka, Takamitsu, additional, Saito, Eisuke, additional, Takanashi, Takaoki, additional, Taketani, Atsuhi, additional, and Watanabe, Yasushi, additional

Published
2022
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41. D-SEND#2 Flight Test Report

Author

Yoshida, Kenji, Honda, Masahisa, Tomita, Hiroshi, Makino, Yoshikazu, Suzuki, Hirokazu, Takatoya, Takeshi, Watanabe, Yasushi, Kawakami, Hiroki, Harada, Kenya, Ninomiya, Tetsujiro, Hirano, Yoshiyasu, Naka, Yusuke, Kawaguchi, Junichiro, Ueno, Atsushi, Yuhara, Tatsunori, Kozai, Masataka, Kanamori, Masashi, Takahashi, Hidemi, Kumazawa, Hisashi, Yasuoka, Tetsuo, Nagayoshi, Tsutomu, Sasaki, Yutaka, Hirose, Manabu, Kikuchi, Takamasa, and Umayahara, Hiromitsu

Subjects
Flight test, Low boom design, Esrange, Silent supersonic, Blimp, Balloon, Sonic boom
Abstract

D-SENDプロジェクトは，成層圏まで上昇させた気球から供試体を自由落下させ，超音速飛行中のソニックブームを陸上及び地上約1kmまでの数ヶ所の空中で計測するもので，D-SEND#1試験とD-SEND#2試験の2 つのステップから構成される．その第2 ステップであるD-SEND#2試験の第1 回飛行試験は，スウェーデンのEsrange実験場で2013年8月に実施されたが飛行異常を発生し，所望の低ソニックブーム波形を計測することができなかった. その後, 原因分析と必要な対策を講じて2014年8月に再試験を目指したが，気象条件が整わず未実施に終わった. この教訓を生かし，新たな対策として試験期間の増加と準備段階の工夫等を行うことを前提に再度の試験が認められ, 2015年7月に第2回飛行試験を実施し，無事に成功するに至った.本飛行試験では，JAXAの特許技術を適用して設計された供試体（S3CMと呼称）をソニックブーム計測システム（BMSと呼称）の上空において設計条件で飛行させ，想定される低ソニックブーム波形を計測することで設計概念の実証を図ることを目的とした. 飛行試験で得られた計測されたソニックブームの圧力波形（“計測波形”と呼称）のピークは明らかに低減されていることが確認された. しかしながら, 設計形状から推算されるソニックブームの圧力波形（“推算波形”と呼称）との間に明確な差異が認められたことから, 詳細な分析を行った結果, 大気乱流の影響を受けていることが明らかになった. そこで，大気乱流モデルを取り入れたソニックブーム伝播解析法を新たに構築し，飛行試験結果を再検討した結果，計測波形は推算波形の変形によるものであることが定量的に明確に示された. これを持ってJAXA特許技術である「重心まわりのモーメントを釣り合わせた飛行状態（トリム状態）で先端及び後端のソニックブーム波形を同時に低減可能な設計概念」の飛行実証に世界で初めて成功するに至った．本稿は，このD-SEND#2飛行試験に関する試験計画, 試験の全体システム構成，供試体システムの開発状況，ソニックブーム計測システムの運用方法，実際の試験運用結果，並びに計測結果と技術評価等をまとめたものである．, The objective of the D-SEND#2 flight test was to demonstrate the validity of JAXA’s low sonic boom design concept through the balloon drop technique which was used in the D-SEND#1 tests. Although the first flight test of the D-SEND#2 test vehicle was conducted in the 16th of August, 2013, the test was unfortunately failure. In order to solve the main cause of the failure, JAXA improved the stability and control system of the vehicle by including corrected aerodynamic data. The second flight test was successfully conducted in the 24th of July, 2015, and lots of data of the sonic boom generated by the vehicle were measured with our special microphone system. The remarkable reduction of both front and rear overpressure of the sonic boom measured at the design condition was clearly confirmed. However, the waveform of its pressure distribution (called “pressure signature”) was not precisely similar to the low boom pressure signature estimated on the vehicle which was developed with the JAXA’s low boom design concept. After the detail analysis of its difference, JAXA found out that the main reason was based on the deformation of pressure signature through its propagation within atmospheric turbulence which was recognized to exist around the region from the ground to altitude of 3km. JAXA newly developed a boom propagation tool including the effect of atmospheric turbulence on the propagation of sonic boom, then confirmed that the difference between the measured and estimated pressure signatures was able to be physically explained by the effect of atmospheric turbulence quantitatively as well as qualitatively. This article provides detailed technical information about the plan and preparation outline, some design results of the vehicle system, and principal results of the D-SEND#2 flight test., 形態: カラー図版あり, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, 資料番号: AA1930022000, レポート番号: JAXA-RM-19-008

Published
2020

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