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ABSTRACT In the satisfactory development of soybeans an ally is quality seeding and soil preparation. The aim was to evaluate the quality of soybean seeding under different speeds and cover crops. The experiment was conducted in a commercial soybean crop, using a high-performance pneumatic seeder. The design experimental was randomized blocks, in 2x2 strip arrangement and nine repetitions. The factors consisted of two seeding speeds (7.0 km h-1 and 8.5 km h-1) and two cover crops (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu and Urochloa ruziziensis). The operational quality was analyzed by statistical quality control, statistical process control and boxplot. It was found that U. ruziziensis provided more uniformity of coverage and soil humidity than U. brizantha cv. Marandu, but with lower straw produced. It is recommended speeds of 7.0 and 8.5 km h-1 for no-till soybean in U. ruziziensis straw, and 7.0 km h-1 in U. brizantha cv. Marandu straw.

Predicting the quality of water is a very important issue in an ecosystem and it can be used to control the increase of water contamination. Also, water quality prediction is a prominent complex non-linear multi-target learning problem and extracting a relevant subset of features from a large number of features with multiple targets is a challenging task. Existing water quality prediction model not focused on multi-target learning process simultaneously and not identifying the non-linear relationship between the features and target variables. Therefore, this study proposes a multi-task learning method dealing with multi-target regression using non-linear machine learning technique. Finally, experiments are conducted to build a prediction model based on the proposed methods to evaluate accuracy on water quality dataset. The experimental results indicate that our method increases the overall accuracy of the experimental dataset compared with the existing methods with the reduced number of significant features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Constituição dogmática Lumen gentium sobre a Igreja (LG), por sua vez, propõe uma nova visão da Igreja sobre si mesma e salienta o sen­tido último de sua existência no mundo. Esta Constituição, que foi pro­mulgada em 21 de novembro de 1964, já pelo próprio título expressa a orientação fundamental da missão da Igreja. Ela não é a luz do mundo, mas recebeu o encargo de fazer resplandecer para o mundo a luz que é Cristo. A Constituição declara em sua abertura: “Sendo Cristo a Luz dos Povos, este Sacrossanto Sínodo, congregado no Espírito Santo, deseja ardentemente anunciar o Evangelho a toda criatura (Mc 16,15), e iluminar todos os homens com a claridade de Cristo que resplandece na face da Igreja”. Seu objeto é a Igreja, entendendo-se que, em Cristo, ela é “como que o sacramento ou o sinal e instrumento da íntima união com Deus e da unidade de todo o gênero humano” (...)

A avaliação permanente dos Programas de Pós-Graduação (PPG) constitui importante instrumento para melhoria no cenário de conhecimento científico e no desenvolvimento tecnológico no Brasil. O objetivo do artigo foi desenvolver um modelo para análise da produção científica dos PPG, utilizando recursos de redes de interação, com recorte para as ciências ambientais, visando detectar padrões e conexões entre eles. O recorte da pesquisa abrangeu todos os 112 PPG e os cursos da Área de Ciências Ambientais da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoas de Nível Superior (CAPES), no período de 2013 a 2016. A metodologia foi dividida em quatro etapas: 1. coleta de dados e construção de um banco de dados (informações públicas obtidas em consulta à Plataforma Sucupira — CAPES); 5. mineração e processamento dos dados e a produção de uma rede geral para representar os termos e os temas de maior relevância comuns a todas as produções dos PPG (teses, dissertações, projetos de pesquisas, artigos, livros e capítulos de livros); 3. análise das redes semânticas; 4. geração de produtos. Os resultados da pesquisa retornaram como produtos mapas de proximidade geográfica e de agrupamentos, que permitiram analisar a produção dos PPG das Ciências Ambientais em relação aos seus temas centrais, de forma integrada. A metodologia empregada se mostrou bastante robusta e apropriada para contribuir na avaliação dos programas de pós-graduação brasileiros, bem como para identificar lacunas na pesquisa e áreas emergentes em escala nacional, culminando em uma proposta de modelo que, a partir das redes semânticas, analisem as produções científicas nas avaliações quadrienais.

Understanding current fire dynamics in the Amazon is vital for designing effective fire management strategies and setting a baseline for climate change projections. This study aimed to analyze recent fire probabilities and project future “fire niches” under global warming scenarios across the Legal Amazon, a scale chosen for its relevance in social and economic planning. Utilizing the maximum entropy method, this study combined a complex set of predictors with fire occurrences detected during 1985–2022. It allowed for the estimation of current fire patterns and projecting changes for the near future (2020–2040) under two contrasting socioeconomic pathways. The results showed strong model performance, with AUC values consistently above 0.85. Key predictors included “Distance to Farming” (53.4%), “Distance to Non-Vegetated Areas” (11.2%), and “Temperature Seasonality” (9.3%), revealing significant influences from human activities alongside climatic predictors. The baseline model indicated that 26.5% of the Amazon has “moderate” to “very high” fire propensity, especially in the southern and southeastern regions, notably the “Arc of Deforestation”. Future projections suggest that fire-prone areas may expand, particularly in the southern border regions and near the Amazon riverbanks. The findings underscore the importance of incorporating both ecological and human factors into fire management strategies to effectively address future risks.

A study of the flowfield and noise properties of a supersonic diamond-shaped jet reveals many structures in the shear layers that are not detected in these layers of expanded axisymmetric and rectangular jets. These structures express the streamwise vorticity in the layers, which may not affect the overall mixing and noise fields in these jets. Narrow-band spectral studies of the diamond jet demonstrate a moderate reduction of the mixing noise as compared to that of an equivalent axisymmetric jet. The shear layer global growth rates are similar for different jet geometries.

A new method generates a compressive countercurrent shear layer with a nominal convective Mach number of 2. The countercurrent shear layers have a growth rate twice that of the coflowing shear layers and produce enhanced mixing due to the presence of highly convoluted, three-dimensional turbulent structures. Flow visualization images indicate global instability. Countercurrent shear layers are self-excited and cause alterations in turbulent characteristics.

Em 4 de dezembro de 1963, no 4000 aniversário de encerramento do Concílio de Trento, com 2147 votos favoráveis e apenas quatro contrários, foi definitivamente aprovada a Constituição Conciliar sobre a Sagrada Liturgia, e promulgada pelo Papa Paulo VI. Abria-se oficialmente o caminho para a tão esperada renovação eclesial. A Sagrada Liturgia, que foi o primeiro tema a ser examinado pelos Padres conciliares, e o primeiro, em certo sentido, em sua importância para a vida da Igreja, havia chegado a uma feliz conclusão com a solene promulgação do documento. (…)

Neste estudo fazemos a descrição analítica de lógicas de interações desencadeadas a partir de postagens fundadas em conteúdo afrofuturista e disseminadas em redes sociais, com o objetivo de analisar como os participantes construíam subjetividades e discutiam questões relacionadas ao racismo e antirracismo. A pesquisa adotou uma metodologia híbrida, combinando pesquisa bibliográfica e netnografia (Kozinets, 2014), para compreender os processos de significação utilizados e as dinâmicas dialógicas desenvolvidas. Os objetivos específicos incluíram conhecer o Afrofuturismo; aplicar conceitos de análise dialógica; identificar papéis dos participantes; observar simetrias ou assimetrias nas relações; observar o cronotopo dos enunciados e analisar o horizonte temático-valorativo. Como base teórica, foram tomados conceitos e discussões suscitadas a partir das obras de Bakhtin e Volóchinov, especialmente Marxismo e filosofia da linguagem (1999) e Estética da Criação Verbal (2003) e reverberados por Brait (2008), Stam (2000) e outros. Além disso, o estudo considerou a perspectiva definida como Afrofuturismo por Dery (1994), para a partir dela discutir questões relacionadas à identidade no corpo negro. Ancorada nessa visão sociointeracional da linguagem, a análise destacou a complexidade do eu e do Outro como interlocutores em um movimento dialógico, revelando a potência do diálogo na construção e reconstrução de subjetividades

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) has been widely characterized as a defense system against phages and other invading elements in bacteria and archaea. A low percentage of Ralstonia lanacearum species complex (RSSC) strains possess the CRISPR array and the CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) that would confer immunity against various phages. To provide a wide-range screen of the CRISPR presence in the RSSC, weanalyzed 378 genomes of RSSC strains to find the CRISPR locus. We found that 20.1,14.3, and 54.5% of the R. solanacearum, pseudosolanacearum, and R. syzygii strains, respectively, possess the CRISPR locus. In addition, we performed further analysis to identify the respective phages that are restricted by the CRISPR arrays. We found 252 different phages infecting different strains of the RSSC, by means of the identification of similarities between the protospacers in phages and spacers in bacteria. We compiled this information in a database with web access called CRISPRals (https: #crisprals, yachaytech, edu. ec/). Additionally, we made available a number of tools to detect and identify CRI SPR array and Cas genes in genomic sequences that could be uploaded by users. Finally, a matching tool to relate bacteria spacer with phage protospacer sequences is available. CRISPRals is a valuable resource for the scientific community that contributes to the study of bacteria-phage interaction and a starti ng point that will help to design efficient phage therapy strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of self-directedness is a missing link in South African science classrooms, and as a result, science teachers are often not self-directed in employing innovative teaching and learning strategies such as blended problem-based learning (BPBL) that might enhance self-directed learning. Literature is replete with studies showing that science teachers in the United States, Indonesia, and South Africa, to name a few, lack the necessary technological skills to utilise simulations in the teaching and learning of Physical Sciences. This intervention-based explanatory mixed methods study was conducted in one of the nine education provinces of South Africa. Quantitative data were generated using a self-directed learning instrument (SDLI), the Physics Education Technology interactive simulations questionnaire, and a PBL questionnaire. Forty participants were sampled using both cluster and systematic random sampling techniques. Qualitative data were generated through a BPBL scenario, a reflective portfolio, and semi-structured interviews with two purposively selected participants. The quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and parametric statistics. The reflective portfolio was analysed using a performance standards scoring rubric adopted from Smith et al. (2001). The BPBL Scenario Evaluation Schedule and interviews were analysed using Saldaña’s (2013) code-to-theory analytical model. It was concluded that there was a significant difference in participants’ perceptions of PBL, self-directedness, and interactive simulations after attending a teacher professional development intervention (TPDI) and implementing BPBL. The findings show that the utilisation of interactive simulations and PBL in Physical Sciences classrooms were unknown to teachers – suggesting that teachers were not self-directed in implementing BPBL. This study presents a model for designing BPBL activities and an evaluation schedule for assessing those activities for self-directedness in educational practices.

CityZones is an online tool to support when computing risk zones in a city, which is performed by mathematically evaluating the emergency response capability of an urban area using real data. The tool allows users to define polygonal Areas of Interest (AoI) on a map, which are categorised into low, medium, and high-risk levels. As urban emergencies in general will typically demand the assistance of hospitals (to attend victims), firefighters (for rescue operations and damages reduction), policemen (to control and manage critical situations), and even metro stations (for evacuation), the risk zones within an AoI will be computed according to the distances to such existing infrastructure, which is extracted from the OpenStreetMap database. The coordinates of an AoI are defined at the client-side and submitted to a server as a regular or irregular polygon, which is then stored in a GeoJSON file along with the computed classifications for further processing according to a multi-tier pipeline. Adopting a configurable square-based mathematical model to compute distances and relative risk levels, the risk zones are computed on-demand and exported to CSV files to be used by any application, with an additional representation for web-based visualisation. Moreover, as a practical exploitation of the computed maps, the CityZones tool also suggests ideal positions for sensors-based Emergency Detection Units (EDUs) within an AoI according to the chosen positioning algorithm, assuming that the computed risk zones indicate how severe an undetected emergency would be. While the CityZones tool is not intended to provide a mitigation approach at all, since it does not have knowledge about current emergency situations, it stands as a valuable pre-mitigation tool to be used in the planning phase of emergency management in smart cities, bringing an important contribution for practical applications in this area.