Search

Abstract The advancement of laser-induced graphene (LIG) technology has streamlined the fabrications of flexible graphene devices. However, the ultrafast kinetics triggered by laser irradiation generates intrinsic amorphous characteristics, leading to high resistivity and compromised performance in electronic devices. Healing graphene defects in specific patterns is technologically challenging by conventional methods. Herein, we report the rapid rectification of LIG’s topological defects by flash Joule heating in milliseconds (referred to as F-LIG), whilst preserving its overall structure and porosity. The F-LIG exhibits a decreased I D/I G ratio from 0.84 – 0.33 and increased crystalline domain from Raman analysis, coupled with a 5-fold surge in conductivity. Pair distribution function and atomic-resolution imaging delineate a broader-range order of F-LIG with a shorter C-C bond of 1.425 Å. The improved crystallinity and conductivity of F-LIG with excellent flexibility enables its utilization in high-performance soft electronics and low-voltage disinfections. Notably, our F-LIG/polydimethylsiloxane strain sensor exhibits a gauge factor of 129.3 within 10% strain, which outperforms pristine LIG by 800%, showcasing significant potential for human-machine interfaces.

Abstract Backgroud Endoscopic surgery can be used as the main treatment for advanced recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC). However, there is a huge clinical controversy about the need for consolidated immunotherapy after surgery. Methods We performed a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis (1:2) of patients with locally advanced rNPC who underwent endoscopic nasopharyngectomy (ENPG) combined with anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) monotherapy or ENPG alone. The survival rate was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier method. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). Potential surgical-related complications and immune-related adverse events (AEs) were also assessed. Results We recruited 10 patients receiving ENPG plus anti-PD-1 monotherapy and 20 receiving ENPG alone. During the mean follow-up of 23.8 months, a significant improvement in the 2-year PFS was detected in the consolidation immunotherapy group compared to the ENPG alone group (80.0% vs. 40.0%; HR = 0.258; 95% CI: 0.09–0.72; p = 0.04), while the 2-year OS in the consolidation immunotherapy group was not significantly longer than that in the ENPG alone group (90.0% vs. 75.0%; HR = 0.482; 95% CI: 0.08–3.00; p = 0.50). The incidence of surgical-related complications in the consolidation immunotherapy group and ENPG alone group was 70.0 and 60.0%, respectively. Immune-related AEs were similar between the toripalimab arm (75.0%) and the camrelizumab arm (66.7%). Surgical-related complications depend on symptomatic treatments. Immune-related AEs were mild and tolerable. Conclusions Consolidation immunotherapy regimen for patients with advanced rNPC after ENPG compared to ENPG alone provides a superior PFS rate with a manageable safety profile.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant epithelial tumor that develops in the nasopharynx. It has a distinct ethnic and geographical distribution, and emerging evidence suggests that it is an ecological disease. Most patients respond well to radiation combined with chemotherapy as the primary treatment for NPC. However, some patients will eventually develop radio resistance and chemoresistance, resulting in recurrence and metastasis, which is a primary cause of poor prognosis. The processes underlying radio resistance and chemoresistance in NPC are complex and unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenic non-coding RNA molecules. They play a role in a variety of cell functions as well as development of disease such as cancer. There has been considerable data demonstrating the existence of numerous aberrant miRNAs in cancer tissues, cells, and biofluids, which indicates the importance of studying the influence of miRNAs on NPC. Therefore, this review comprehensively analyzes the elaborate mechanisms of miRNAs affecting the radio resistance and chemoresistance of NPC. Multiple tumor-specific miRNAs can be employed as therapeutic and prognostic biological indicators.

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are expected to possess various excellent properties due to their vast composition design space and unique core effects. Annealing treatments after cold rolling are widely discussed as an effective means to improve the overall performance of the alloy. Nevertheless, the effect of annealing treatments on the corrosion resistance of cold-deformed alloys is still somewhat controversial. Therefore, cold rolling and annealing at different temperatures are performed on the Co40Cr20Ni30Al5Ti5 high-entropy alloy to investigate the effect of annealing temperature on its corrosion behavior. The annealing temperature range covers all stages of the HEA recovery-recrystallization-grain growth (in 50 °C gradients). The experimental results show that the HEA recrystallization is fundamentally complete at 850 °C and fully austenitized at 1050 °C. The best corrosion resistance performance is observed at 850 °C, with the lowest corrosion current density (ipass) and the lightest pitting in full immersion experiments. In addition, excellent passivation properties, such as the lowest steady-state current density iss and highest passivation film growth rate, are achieved at 850 °C. Further analyses of the growth films also show that the passivation films formed at 850 °C are thicker and uniform, and additionally have the highest Cr2O3 content. Accordingly, the effects of annealing temperature on HEA corrosion resistance and passivation behavior are discussed. The superior corrosion resistance and passivation behavior at 850 °C are attributed to the coupling of grain size and passivation film composition. The current findings might guide the optimized design of future cold-deformed alloys for better corrosion resistance.

Abstract Chemical bonds, including covalent and ionic bonds, endow semiconductors with stable electronic configurations but also impose constraints on their synthesis and lattice-mismatched heteroepitaxy. Here, the unique multi-scale van der Waals (vdWs) interactions are explored in one-dimensional tellurium (Te) systems to overcome these restrictions, enabled by the vdWs bonds between Te atomic chains and the spontaneous misfit relaxation at quasi-vdWs interfaces. Wafer-scale Te vdWs nanomeshes composed of self-welding Te nanowires are laterally vapor grown on arbitrary surfaces at a low temperature of 100 °C, bringing greater integration freedoms for enhanced device functionality and broad applicability. The prepared Te vdWs nanomeshes can be patterned at the microscale and exhibit high field-effect hole mobility of 145 cm2/Vs, ultrafast photoresponse below 3 μs in paper-based infrared photodetectors, as well as controllable electronic structure in mixed-dimensional heterojunctions. All these device metrics of Te vdWs nanomesh electronics are promising to meet emerging technological demands.

The Co40Cr20Ni30Al5Ti5 multi-principal element alloy (MPEA) with heterogeneous grain structure (HGS) and nano L12 precipitates is successfully designed by cold rolling and proper heat treatment. The HGS alloy exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and passivation performance, originated from high-density grain boundaries in fine grains and abundant defects in deformed grains, which encourages surface to form a thicker and more efficient passive layer to inhibit the initial pitting corrosion. This finding indicates that the developed MPEA with HGS can possess an excellent combination of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, providing highly positive factors for future applications.

Abstract The traditional approaches for improving corrosion resistance of alloys typically lead to the sacrifice of mechanical properties because the microstructures needed for improving corrosion resistance often contradict those for high strength. Here we demonstrate that selected laser melting (SLM), a net-shape additive manufacture technique, can maintain good mechanical properties while double the corrosion-resistance of a N-doped CoCrFeNi HEA. The SLM processed sample possesses a heterogeneous microstructure with 3D dislocation cells inside each grain. The SLM-induced 3D dislocation cell structure can provide effective diffusion paths to significantly promote Cr outward segregation, forming a thick protective Cr oxide layer, which renders excellent corrosion resistance. Furthermore, Cr segregation along cell boundaries provides numerous sites for nucleation of oxides, and stabilizes the cell structure for good mechanical properties. The strategy discovered here may also be applied to other HEAs with multiple strengthening mechanisms.

The (FeCoNi)86Ti7Al7 multi-principal-element alloy with a dual heterogeneous microstructure was successfully fabricated by selective laser melting, exhibiting an excellent combination of strength (ultimate tensile strength, 1085.2 ± 23.2 MPa) and ductility (30.5 ± 2.6%). It is evidenced that the joint effects of the hetero-deformation induced hardening from grains with heterogeneous geometrically necessary dislocations densities, in-situ formed B2 phase, and the coherent precipitation hardening from in-situ formed nano L12 phase were responsible for the strength. This work sheds light on the feasibility of simplifying the production of multi-mechanism strengthened alloys within one step and paves a new avenue to produce high-performance complex-shaped components.

A novel strategy was developed to fabricate nano-porous silver (NPS) with a three-dimensional bi-continuous open porous structure. A high temperature oxidation (HTO) craft and a strong oxidant-assisted low-temperature oxidation method were used to tune the dealloying of AgXCu(1-X) ribbons. The NPS fabricated from the Ag15Cu85 ribbon by the HTO pretreatment exhibited a ligament size of ∼841 nm after 1 h of dealloying. However, the NPS fabricated from the Ag15Cu85 ribbon by the H2O2 craft exhibited a ligament size of ∼61 nm after 1 h of dealloying. In addition, the NPS fabricated by the strong oxidant-assisted dealloying craft exhibited an ultrahomogeneous ligament pore structure and a higher Tafel slope in regard to its hydrogen evolution reaction.

The new DLL injection method and its variants can prevent the injected process from calling the common system API to load the injected DLL module so that the malicious module is invisible to the LDR linked list of the process. Traditional injection detection methods have low accuracy in forensic detection of new injection attacks. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a code injection covert memory page detection and forensic detection forensic algorithm based on a memory structure reverse analysis named MRCIF. First, the physical memory pages containing DLL features from the memory image are located, and a sub-algorithm is designed for mapping physical memory space and virtual memory space, thus realizing the reverse reconstruction of the physical page subset corresponding to the DLL code module. Then, in the virtual memory space, the LDR linked list structure of the process is reversely reconstructed, and a reverse reconstruction algorithm of the DLL virtual page subset is developed to reconstruct its virtual space. Finally, a DLL injection covert page detection sub-algorithm is designed based on the physical memory page subset and virtual space page subset. The experimental results indicate that MRCIF achieves an accuracy of 88.89%, which is much higher than that of the traditional DLL module injection detection method, and only MRCIF can accurately detect the Virtual Address Descriptor (VAD) remapping attack.

Abstract Lymphomatoid granulomatosis is a rare, vascular‐centric, and vessel‐destroying lymphoproliferative disease that hardly involves the pulmonary arteries. Herein, we report a case with severe right heart failure and pulmonary arterial stenosis caused by pulmonary artery lymphomatoid granulomatosis. This case was diagnosed by percutaneous transluminal pulmonary artery biopsy and was effectively treated with stent implantation and steroid administration.

BackgroundSalvage endoscopic nasopharyngectomy has better survival prognosis and fewer complications in the management of early stage rNPC, compared to re-irradiation. However, the treatment modality of advanced recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) remains controversial. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the demographics, clinical outcomes, and prognostic factors associated with salvage endoscopic nasopharyngectomy in advanced rNPC.MethodsThis study conducted a retrospective analysis of advanced rNPC patients who underwent salvage surgery betweenm January 2014 and December 2019. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. Univariable and multivariable analyses of OS and PFS were performed using the Cox regression model. The predicted values of the parameters were determined by means of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsAmong the 120 patients included, there were 75 patients with rT3 stage and 45 patients with rT4 stage. With the median follow-up time of 18 months,the 3 -year OS and PFS were 55.2% and 29.4%, respectively. Multivariate analyses showed that the rNPC patients with older age, low BMI (Body Mass Index), rT4 stage, tumor necrosis, and tumor invasion into the ICA was predictive of worse OS, whereas low BMI and rT4 stage were associated with worse PFS. In addition, the rT stage was identified as a better predictor of OS (area under the ROC curve: 0.669; P=0.003) than the other clinical features.ConclusionsSalvage treatment using endoscopic nasopharyngectomy appears to be an effective treatment in the management of patients with advanced rNPC. In addition, case matching studies and prospective studies with larger clinical samples are required to further evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic surgery compared with re-irradiation in advanced rNPC.

Organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) have the typical composition of APbX3, in which A is a cation such as methlyamine (MA) and formamidine (FA) and X is a halide anion such as Cl, Br, or I. The mixture at the A or X site in OIHPs provides greatly improved versatility in their compositions and therefore allows the enhancement of their performance in LEDs and solar cells. In real application circumstances and deformable devices, the mechanical properties of OIHPs are of great importance. In this work, the mechanical properties of three series of mixed OIHP single crystals, MAPbIxBr3−x, MAPbBrxCl3−x, and FAyMA1−yPbBr3, are studied by nanoindentation. The results are summarized according to the composition of these mixtures. With the increase in the FA content at the A site, the average Young’s modulus (E) of FAyMA1−yPbBr3 decreases greatly from 19.2 GPa to 11.5 GPa, which indicates that the influence of organic cations on the mechanical properties of OIHPs is as important as that of Pb-X bonds. The mixture at the A or X site could also increase the hardness (H) and the wear resistance (H/E ratio). The average values of hardness and wear resistance of MAPbI0.1Br2.9 are almost double (0.63 GPa, 0.033) the values for undoped MAPbBr3 (0.32 GPa, 0.017). The dynamic mechanical responses of the OIHP single crystals show reduced creep stress exponents and thus increased strain rate sensitivities in the mixture at the X site, thereby improving the ductility. The nanoindentation sites are characterized using a scanning electron microscope and slip bands are observed, suggesting the plastic deformation mechanism governed by the activation of dislocations.

Background: Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare malignancy arising in the nasal vault. Endoscopic resection has been reported to improve overall survival (OS). At present, clinicopathological predictors of the prognosis of ONB remain undefined. Methods: Data including demographics, clinical characteristics and follow-up information of ONB patients treated with endoscopic surgery were collected. Risk factors on OS rates were investigated by LASSO and Cox analyses. A nomogram was developed and evaluated with internal validation. Risk groups were established according to patients’ points in the nomogram. Findings: 154 ONB patients treated with surgery were included in this single center study. A nomogram based on multivariate Cox regression model including multiple tumor history, orbital invasion, carotid canal invasion, modified Kadish stage, delivery sequence of RT and surgery, sequence of chemotherapy and surgery was developed. The bias-corrected C-index (0.886 [95% CI: 0.843-0.943]) was significantly higher than of conventional staging classifications. The AUC of nomogram regarding 1-, 2- and 5-year OS probabilities reached 0.912, 0.929 and 0.957, respectively. The risk levels based on nomogram points were more discriminative than conventional classifications. Interpretation: Validation analysis showed good predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the nomogram. Therefore, the nomogram could be utilized to individually predict survival probability for ONB patients after endoscopic resection. Funding: This study was funded by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019-I2M-5-003), the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (No. 19411950600), the Shanghai Hospital Development Center (No. SHDC12018118) and the Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University (No. SYB202006).

Background: This study aimed to assess the effect of endoscopic nasopharyngectomy in patients with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) on site-specific and sinonasal-related quality of life (QoL) before and after surgery using validated instruments.Methods: Consecutive adult patients with recurrent NPC, who were treated via salvage endoscopic nasopharyngectomy, were prospectively enrolled at a single institution from January 2018 to December 2019. Each patient completed the Anterior Skull Base Questionnaire (ASBQ) and the 22-Item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) preoperatively, and then at regular intervals after surgery to assess their perceived QoL.Results: Forty patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The median follow-up was 12 months (range, 2–24 months). Overall scores on the ASBQ and SNOT-22 at 3 or 12 weeks after surgery decreased significantly compared with before surgery (p < 0.05). At 6 months and 1 year postoperatively, there was no significant difference from the preoperative score. Subtotal resection was associated with worse overall ASBQ scores at 6 months and 1 year after endoscopic nasopharyngectomy (p < 0.05). Worse QoL was also associated with advanced T stage (rT3 and rT4) and pathological World Health Organization type III. Sex, age (

Room-temperature tensile behavior and associated deformation mechanisms of multiple-axial forged (MAFed) pure Mg has been investigated. The as-MAFed Mg, with a coarsely recrystallized structure, exhibited a balanced strain-hardening behavior with strain, resulting in extraordinary mechanical properties with high ultimate stress (~200 MPa) and extensive true strain (~0.30). The observation on the microstructural evolution suggests that the balanced strain-hardening behavior is correlated with de-twinning behavior cooperated with pyramidal dislocations at the plastic straining stage.