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Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the antitumor activity of CIK cells in vitro and investigate the clinical efficacy of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) therapy following operation of renal cell carcinoma patients in North China. Method: In vitro experiments, the secretion of IFN-γ and IL-2 in CIK cells were detected by ELISA and the degranulation was detected by flow cytometry. From January 1, 2012 to October 1, 2015, 202 patients were enrolled in the study and were followed up for at least 36 months. The information of 101 patients who received CIK treatment following nephrectomy and other 101 patients who only received nephrectomy was retrospectively collected. In addition, the correlation of CIK treatment to prognosis of patients following nephrectomy, including disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analyses. COX proportional hazards analyses were used to investigate the benefited population. Results: In vitro, DC-CIK group exhibited the highest cytokines secretion and cytotoxicity followed by the CIK group. In addition, survival analysis showed that patients in North China who received CIK therapy has better prognosis compared to the control group. And the COX proportional hazards analyses demonstrated that in North China, patients with different characteristics can benefit from CIK treatment at the same. Conclusions: CIK immunotherapy is an effective and safety adjuvant for the patients with ccRCC following nephrectomy in North China.

Objective. This paper intends to verify through in vivo experiments whether ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Rh2) can play an anti-inflammatory role by modulating cardiomyocyte (CM) pyroptosis in rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), thereby alleviating myocardial injury. Methods. Twenty SD rats were randomized into control, L-Rh2, M-Rh2, and H-Rh2 groups, among which the latter three groups were modeled for AMI and given an intraperitoneal injection of G-Rh2 (L-Rh2: 2 mg/kg; M-Rh2: 4 mg/kg; H-Rh2: 8 mg/kg), while the control group was only treated with thoracotomy and sodium chloride injection. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were recorded by ultrasonic diagnosis. Rats were killed under anesthesia, and the morphological characteristics of ventricular tissue were observed by electron microscope. Additionally, cardiac blood and ventricular tissues were collected to quantify the contents of myocardial injury markers (creatine phosphate kinase (CK), creatine phosphokinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) by ELISA, as well as the expression of pyroptosis-related genes cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1 (Caspase-1), gasdermin D (GSDMD), interleukin (IL)-1β, and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) by qRT-PCR and Western blot). Results. Ultrasonic examination identified lower HR, SBP, DBP, MAP, and LVSP in the three Rh2 injection groups compared with the control group ( P P P P

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major infectious diseases that seriously endanger people's health.In Shandong province, the relationship between the level of economic development and TB incidence has not been studied.This study aims to provide more research basis for the government to prevent and control TB by exploring the impact of different economic factors on TB incidence.Methods :By constructing threshold regression model (TRM),we described the extent to which different economic factors contribute to TB registered incidence and differences in TB registered incidence among seventeen cities with different levels of economic development in Shandong province, China, during 2006-2017. Data were retrieved from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.Results: Per capita medical expenditure（regression coefficient，-0.0314462；SD，0.0079305；P>|t|，0.000）and per capita savings（regression coefficient，0.0001924；SD，0.0000566；P>|t|，0.001） passed the significance test at the level of 1%.They are the two economic indicators that have the greatest impact on TB registered incidence.Through the threshold test, we selected the per capita savings as the threshold variable.In the three stages of per capita savings(＜9772.8086 China Yuan(CNY)；9772.8086 - 33835.5391 CNY；＞33835.5391 CNY), rural per capita income always has a significant negative impact on the TB registered incidence (The regression coefficients are -0.0015682, -0.0028132 and -0.0022253 respectively.P is 0.007,0.000 and 0.000 respectively.).In cities with good economies,TB registered incidence was 38.30% in 2006 and dropped to 25.10% by 2017. In cities with moderate economies, TB registered incidence peaked in 2008 at 43.10% and dropped to 27.1% by 2017.In poorer cities, TB registered incidence peaked in 2008 at 56.30% and dropped to 28.9% in 2017.Conclusion:We found that per capita savings and per capita medical expenditure are most closely related to the TB incidence. Therefore, relevant departments should formulate a more complete medical system and medical insurance policy to effectively solve the problem of "difficult and expensive medical treatment". In order to further reduce the TB incidence, in addition to timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment, it is more important for governments to increase investment in medicine and health care.

To determine the association between daily air pollution and the hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in children aged from 0 to 17 years in Jinan, China. Generalized linear models were used to explore the acute effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM

Table S1 Percentage changes in outpatient visits for RDs associated with a 10 μg/m3 increase in concentration of each pollutant in using different lag structures in single-pollutant models. Table S2 Percentage changes in outpatient visits for RDs associated with a 10 μg/m3 increase in concentration of PM2.5 across different gender and age groups. Table S3 Percentage changes in outpatient visits for RDs associated with a 10 μg/m3 increase in concentration of PM10 across different gender and age groups. Table S4 Percentage changes in outpatient visits for different type of RDs associated with a 10 μg/m3 increase in concentration of PM2.5 and PM10. (DOC 108 kb)