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Objective To investigate the clinical value of peripheral eosinophil count (PEC) in predicting the outcome of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods A retrospective cohort trial was conducted on 220 DN patients identified by renal biopsy in Department of Nephrology of Second Affiliated Hospital from Army Medical University from March 2021 to March 2023. Clinical data, results of routine blood test and renal function were collected. X-tile bioinformatics software version 3.6.1 was used to determine the optimal cut-off value of PEC for predicting survival. Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were applied to analyze the prognosis. Results The level of PEC in DN patients was positively correlated with the levels of serum creatinine (Scr) (r=0.245), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (r=0.237) and blood uric acid (UA) (r=0.252), and negatively with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r=-0.236). According to the optimal PEC cut-off value, DN patients were divided into high-level group (>0.29×109/L, n=41) and low-level group (≤0.29×109/L, n=179). The levels of Scr (P < 0.001), BUN (P=0.001) and UA (P=0.005) were significantly higher, while the eGFR (P < 0.001) was obviously lower in the high-level group than the low-level group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the high level of PEC was associated with poor prognosis of DN (HR=2.20, 95%CI: 1.05~4.60, P=0.036). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that the incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was notably higher in the high-level group than the low-level group (P=0.024). Conclusion PEC level of DN patients is closely associated with the progression and prognosis of DN, and the count is a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of DN.

To explore the effect of the Plan-Do-Check-Action (PDCA) cycle on hand hygiene and nosocomial infection quality of orthopedic medical staff.

Starting from the Status quo and research progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine professional training, this paper reviews studies on training pattern, training content and methods, training quality evaluation, training institutions and teaching staff construction, specialist Training and clinical practice in the Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing training base, and provides reference for training management of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing training base and domestic policy making of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing specialists training. (本文从中医护理专业化培训现状和研究进展方面切入, 梳理以中医护士培训基地为依托的中医护理专业化培训模式、培训内容和方法、培训质量评价、培训机构和师资队伍建设、专科培训与临床实践结合五个方面的现状与发展, 为国内中医护士培训基地的培训管理和中医护理专业化培训政策及方法制定提供参考。)

【Objective】 Fragrant pear is a cash crop in Northwestern China and its growth relies on irrigation. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the effect of drip irrigation amount on water consumption of the pear as well as water distribution in soil. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted from 2021 to 2023 in a pear orchard in Korla in Xinjiang. It consisted of four irrigation amount treatments: 3 750 (W0), 5 250 (W1), 6 750 (W2) and 8 250 m3/hm2 (W3). The control is surface flooding irrigation with an irrigation amount of 10 000 m3/hm2 (CK). For each treatment, we measured the change in soil water content and water consumption of the pears. 【Result】 Increasing irrigation amount led to an increase in soil water content. With the increase in irrigation amount, the variation coefficient of soil water content and fruit yield of the pear both increased first followed by a decline. The W2 treatment gave the highest fruit yield (7 285.91 kg/hm2), 1.4% to 20.89% higher than that in other treatments. The water use efficiency and irrigation water use coefficient both decreased as the irrigation amount increased. Throughout the entire growth period, water consumption of the pear varied from 444.83 to 695.27 mm. Water consumption during the rapid fruit expansion period of the pear, especially in the early stage, was the highest, varying from 3.77 to 6.16 mm/d. From 2021 to 2023, water consumption of the pear in W3 was 10.11% to 36.02% more than that in other treatments. In 2023, the water consumption of the pear in W2 was 3.74% to 7.15% higher than that in 2021 and 2022, in which the water consumption during rapid fruit expansion period of the pear varied from 4.71 to 5.48 mm/d. The crop coefficient of the pear during its entire growing period varied from 0.48 to 0.84. During the budburst and flowering stages, and the early stage in the rapid fruit expansion period, the crop coefficient of the pear was lower than that estimated from the FAO standard, while during the entire rapid fruit expansion and harvesting stage, the crop coefficient of the pear varied from 0.7 to 1.07 and 0.72 to 1.21, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The optimal drip irrigation amount for fragrant pear in Korla region should be not less than 6 750 m3/hm2.

Detection of small, slow-moving targets, such as drones using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) poses considerable challenges to radar target detection and recognition technology. There is an urgent need to establish relevant datasets to support the development and application of techniques for detecting small, slow-moving targets. This paper presents a dataset for detecting low-speed and small-size targets using a multiband Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar. The dataset utilizes Ku-band and L-band FMCW radar to collect echo data from six UAV types and exhibits diverse temporal and frequency domain resolutions and measurement capabilities by modulating radar cycles and bandwidth, generating an LSS-FMCWR-1.0 dataset (Low Slow Small, LSS). To further enhance the capability for extracting micro-Doppler features from UAVs, this paper proposes a method for UAV micro-Doppler extraction and parameter estimation based on the local maximum synchroextracting transform. Based on the Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT), this method extracts values at the maximum energy point in the time-frequency domain to retain useful signals and refine the time-frequency energy representation. Validation and analysis using the LSS-FMCWR-1.0 dataset demonstrate that this approach reduces entropy on an average by 5.3 dB and decreases estimation errors in rotor blade length by 27.7% compared with traditional time-frequency methods. Moreover, the proposed method provides the foundation for subsequent target recognition efforts because it balances high time-frequency resolution and parameter estimation capabilities.

【Objective】 Surfactants are soil conditioners to improve soil water flow and reduce soil erosion. This paper investigates their impact on water-nitrogen transport in soil, as well as yield, quality and root growth of greenhouse lettuce. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in laboratory using a calcareous cinnamon soil. The soil was amended by three surfactants: HydravanceTM200 (T1, moisturizing and synergistic surfactant mix), Methylglucosan polyether-20 (T2, moisturizing single surfactant), and IrrigAid (T3, moisture-regulating surfactant mix), separately. For each surfactant amendment, there were two nitrogen treatments: without fertilization (N0) and nitrogen fertilization (N1). Soil without amendment by any surfactant was taken as the control (CK). During the experiment, we measured the changes in soil water content and soluble nitrogen content, as well as the growth and yield of the lettuce. 【Result】 ① Compared to CK, T1, T2 and T3 enhanced the lateral movement of water in the soil, thereby leading to an even soil water distribution and a reduction in nitrate nitrogen content in the subsoil layer (20-30 cm). ② According to the pot experiment, the above-ground fresh mass and VC content of lettuce in the T1N1 treatment increased by 26.61% and 175.61%, respectively, in addition to the 2.10 times increase in nitrogen utilization efficiency (P˂0.05). Compared to CKN1, T2N1 significantly increased VC content by 104.88%, while T3N1 significantly increased total root length and volume by 61.98% and 112.90% (P

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of CD117 and DOG1 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and to explore their relationship with clinicopathologic features and prognosis.MethodsThe patients with TNBC in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2000 to 2011 were retrospectively collected and tissue microarrays were made. The expression of CD117 and DOG1 in tumor cells was detected by immunohistochemistry to analyze their relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients, such as age, tumor diameter, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) cancer stage, histological grade, P53, and Ki-67 proliferation index, and explore the effect of both on the survival of patients.ResultsA total of 185 TNBC patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected, of which 24 (12.97%) were CD117 positive and 22 (11.89%) were DOG1 positive, with a co-expression rate of 1.62%. Compared with CD117-negative patients, CD117-positive patients had higher Ki-67 proliferation index (87.50% vs. 67.70%, P=0.048), basal-like TNBC (95.83% vs. 74.53%, P=0.020), and P53 diffuse positive (33.33% vs. 13.66%, P=0.032).Compared with DOG1-negative patients, DOG1-positive patients had lower proportions of tumor diameter ≤2 cm (22.73% vs. 45.40%, P=0.026) and basal-like TNBC (54.55% vs. 80.37%, P=0.015). The median follow-up was 71 months (range: 2-170 months), 4 cases (2.16%) were lost to follow-up, 66 cases (35.68%) relapsed or had distant metastasis, and 34 cases (18.38%) died. Survival analysis showed that AJCC stage (HR=7.624, 95% CI: 2.187-26.576, P=0.001) and CD117 positive with P53 diffuse strong positive (HR=3.942, 95% CI: 1.366-11.379, P=0.011) were negatively correlated with the overall survival of TNBC patients.ConclusionsThe expression of CD117 and DOG1 were significantly related to basal-like TNBC, CD117 positive with P53 diffuse strong positive may be correlated with a shorter overall survival and a higher mortality risk.

Copper phthalocyanine production wastewater after copper removal pretreatment contains large amounts of nitrogen-containing organic compounds such as phthalocyanine，which are difficult to biodegrade. The traditional combined process of “biological treatment and advanced treatment” was used to treat this wastewater，but the effect was unstable and the total nitrogen（TN） in the effluent was difficult to reach the standard. The combined process of “two-stage A/O and iron salt coupled sedimentation” was used to treat the wastewater. The treatment effect was investigated，and the removal mechanism of pollutants in the wastewater by fluorescence spectrum，ultraviolet spectrum and humus substances（HS） content determination were exeplored. The results showed the combined process of “two-stage A/O and coupled sedimentation” treated copper phthalocyanine production wastewater，the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand（COD），ammonia nitrogen and TN were 96.5%，99.8% and 93.2%，respectively. Two-stage A/O treatment could effectively remove most of the pollutants，and increased the content of HS in the two-stage A/O effluent. Then，the two-stage A/O effluent was treated by iron salt coupled sedimentation，which had good removal effect on HS and organic nitrogen. The final effluent COD，ammonia nitrogen and TN concentrations were 29，0.5 and 23.8 mg/L，respectively，meeting the effluent discharge standard.

Ground collapse often occurs when strata are disturbed, particularly during tunnel construction, threatening the safety of people and underground facilities. Therefore, evaluating the risk of road collapse during and after tunnel construction is essential. Considering this, an improved entropy weight method was adopted to establish an evaluation system for assessing the collapse risk level of the Qianjin West Road, through which the Kunshan metro line S1 passes. The main implementation steps of the evaluation system include ten assessment indices, data visualization of indices, weight determination for indices, a cluster algorithm for the classification of results, and analysis of the evaluation results. In contrast to the traditional single method, and to improve the reliability of the risk assessment results, the method proposed in this paper considers two aspects. First, to eliminate subjective or objective biases generated by a single evaluation method, the entropy weight method (EM) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were integrated to formulate the improved entropy weight method. Second, to divide the evaluation results more reasonably, the k-means cluster algorithm using the Calinski Harabasz method was applied. The reliability and accuracy of the proposed improved entropy weight method are verified based on the case of Line S1. Furthermore, a method comparison and the concept of the coefficient of variation method were adopted to demonstrate the reliability of the risk assessment results. The improved entropy weight method can be used to evaluate ground collapse risk levels during and after tunnel construction.

Mitochondria play a fundamental role in cell survival and motility. Abnormalities in mitochondria are associated with carcinogenesis, especially with tumor metastasis. In this study, we explore the biological function of ATIP1, which is a mitochondrial-located isoform of angiotensin II AT2 receptor interacting proteins (ATIPs) in prostate cancer cells. The results showed that ATIP is downregulated in prostate cancer tissues and is negatively correlated with the disease-free survival rate of prostate cancer patients. Silencing of ATIP promotes mitochondrial fission and enhances tumor cell migration and invasion. Reconstitution of ATIP1 in ATIP-deficient cells significantly attenuates mitochondrial trafficking and tumor cell movement. Therefore, ATIP1 is a negative regulator of mitochondrial dynamics and tumor cell motility and is also a potential biomarker for predicting prostate cancer malignancy.

Objective To analyze the clinical features, therapeutic effects, and prognosis of high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) in young and middle-aged patients. Methods The clinical data of 27 young and middle-aged patients with HGBL were analyzed retrospectively. Results In 27 young and middle-aged patients with HGBL, advanced Ann Arbor stage, high age-adjusted international prognostic index score, many extranodal organ involvement, and bone marrow involvement were more common in patients with double/triple-hit lymphoma (HGBL-DT) compared with patients with HGBL, not otherwise specified (HGBL-NOS) (P

Abstract Background Ribosome biogenesis is the process of assembling ribosome complexes that regulate cell proliferation and differentiation with potential regulatory effects on development. Many factors regulate ribosome biological processes. Nin one binding protein (Nob1) has received widespread attention as key genes regulating ribosome biogenesis—the 3ʹ end of the 20S rRNA is cleaved by Nob1 at cleavage site D to form 18S rRNA, generating translationally capable 40S subunit. As a ribosome biogenesis factor, Nob1 may regulate the development of organisms, but almost nothing is known about the function of Nob1 for any parasitic nematode. We explored the functional role of NOBP-1 (the homologous gene of Nob1) encoding gene from a parasitic nematode—Strongyloides stercoralis. Methods The full-length cDNA, gDNA and promoter region of Ss-nobp-1 was identified using protein BLAST in WormBase ParaSite according to the Caenorhabditis elegans NOBP-1 sequence to analyze the gene structure. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data in wormbase were retrieved and analyzed to assess the transcript abundance of Ss-nobp-1 in seven developmental stages of S. stercoralis. The standard method for gonadal microinjection of constructs was carried out to determine the anatomic expression patterns of Ss-nobp-1. The interaction between Ss-NOBP-1 and partner of NOBP-1 (Ss-PNO-1) was assessed by yeast two-hybridization and bimolecular fluorescence complementarity (BiFC) experiments. Results The NOBP-1 encoding gene Ss-nopb-1 from the zoonotic parasite S. stercoralis has been isolated and characterized. The genomic DNA representing Ss-nobp-1 includes a 1599-bp coding region and encodes a protein comprising 403 amino acids (aa), which contains conserved PIN domain and zinc ribbon domain. RNA-seq analysis revealed that Ss-nobp-1 transcripts are present throughout the seven developmental stages in S. stercoralis and have higher transcription levels in iL3, L3 and P Female. Ss-nobp-1 is expressed mainly in the intestine of transgenic S. stercoralis larvae, and there is a direct interaction between Ss-NOBP-1 and Ss-PNO-1. Conclusions Collectively, Ss-NOBP-1 has a potential role in embryo formation and the infective process, and findings from this study provide a sound foundation for investigating its function during the development of parasitic nematode. Graphical Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence and severity of COVID-19 reinfection.MethodsWe searched relevant studies on COVID-19 reinfection， including cohort study， case report， and cross-sectional study in PubMed， Embase， CNKI and Wanfang databases. Revman5.3.0 was used for statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 52 studies in 19 countries were included. These literatures showed moderate and high quality. Furthermore， the pooled incidence of COVID-19 reinfection was estimated to be 1.9%（95%CI： 0.9%‒4.7%， P

Objective To investigate the effect of FOCUS-PDCA management mode in standardizing medication of ophthalmic drugs in patients undergoing ambulatory eye surgery, and provide reference for continuous improvement of the nursing quality of ambulatory eye surgery. Methods A non-concurrent control trial was conducted, and patients undergoing ambulatory eye surgery were assigned to the control group (n=146)and the observation group (n=154). The control group received routing nursing management during operation period. The FOCUS-PDCA management mode was adopted in standardizing medication of ophthalmic drugs for patients in the observation group. The rate of qualified self-medication of ophthalmic drugs, awareness and knowledge about ophthalmic drugs and patient satisfaction were measured and compared between groups. Results The rates of proper storage of ophthalmic drugs, proper administration time of ophthalmic drugs and qualified self-medication of ophthalmic drugs in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P

【Objective】 Nitrogen loss from soils is a pervasive environmental issue facing agricultural production in many countries. In this paper, we studied the combined effect of rainfall and fertilization on nitrogen loss via surface runoff from paddy fields in attempts to improve nitrogen management and reduce the nonpoint source pollution of rice production in Southern China. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted from 2019 to 2021 in a paddy field in Zhejiang province. It consisted of four nitrogen treatments: conventional nitrogen fertilization (N18), reduced nitrogen fertilization (N15), organic fertilization (OF). Without fertilization was the control. In the experiment, we measured surface runoff, total nitrogen concentration in the surface runoff. The rainfall data were obtained from a weather station on the experimental site. 【Result】 ① Annual rainfall and annual nitrogen loss were closely correlated, but linear regression analysis showed that daily rainfall and total nitrogen did not correlate significantly. Considering the delay between rainfall and nitrogen loss vial the surface runoff can make piecewise average daily rainfall positively correlated to nitrogen loss, with the regression coefficient ≥0.36. ② The effect of fertilization on nitrogen loss from the runoff was ranked in the order of N18>N15>OF>CK. ③ Structural equation showed that, when considering the delay between rainfall and nitrogen loss, the piecewise average daily rainfall, the runoff volume, rainfall interval, the interval between rainfall and fertilization, fertilization amount, and fertilizer types were the factors affecting nitrogen loss, with their standardized total effect being 0.264, -0.126, 0.078, 0.033, and -0.038, respectively. The rainfall affected nitrogen loss more than the fertilization, and the piecewise average daily rainfall and rainfall interval were key factors affecting nitrogen loss. 【Conclusion】 For rice-wheat rotation cultivation in Zhejiang Province, a short rainfall interval affected nitrogen loss via surface runoff from paddy fields more than an increase in rainfall. Applying organic fertilizer in the wet season can reduce nitrogen loss from the runoff.

Objective: To improve the storage safety of Xinjiang fresh walnut. Methods: Xinjiang "Xin 2" thin-skinned walnut was used as material, sterile water was inoculated as a control group, and Aspergillus flavus was inoculated as an experimental group. The Aspergillus flavus isolated and purified from naturally moldy walnut was artificially inoculated into Xinjiang thin-skinned fresh walnut with different water content （10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%） to investigate the growth and toxicity of Aspergillus flavus. Results: The water content of walnut which was suitable for the growth of Aspergillus flavus and the secretion of Aflatoxin M1 was 15%. With the increase of walnut water content, the growth of Aspergillus flavus increased first and then decreased, but the growth of each water content was different, and the growth of Aspergillus flavus was proportional to the content of Aflatoxin M1. Conclusion: The water content of raw materials is closely related to the growth of Aspergillus flavus and the content of Aflatoxin M1 produced.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) rarely metastasizes to the ovary, and is difficult to diagnose given its overlapping clinical features and histological characteristics with primary ovarian cancer. Since therapies for SCLC and primary ovarian cancer differ, it is important to determine the original site of ovarian lesions. This report describes the differential diagnosis of metastatic from primary ovarian cancer. A 46-year-old Chinese woman with a history of SCLC, confirmed by transbronchial lung biopsy in August 2018, presented with abdominal distension in December 2018. Ultrasound examination and whole abdomen computed tomography showed one mass in each ovary. A provisional diagnosis of ovarian tumor was given. A palliative total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed; and three postoperative courses of chemotherapies. The patient died from multiple organ failure in May 2019. Metastatic ovarian cancer from SCLC was determined based on characteristic histological and immunohistochemical staining.

In order to solve the problem of water pollution caused by traditional phosphorus-containing scale inhibitors, a phosphorus-free MA-SAS-HEMA copolymer scale inhibitor was prepared by aqueous solution free radical polymerization using maleic anhydride (MA), sodium allylsulfonate (SAS) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as synthetic monomers. The microstructure of the copolymer and the thermal stability were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography and thermogravimetric analysis. The scale inhibition performance of the copolymer was explored by static scale inhibition method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate crystals produced before and after the addition of MA-SAS-HEMA copolymer to explore the scale inhibition mechanism of the copolymer. The results of static scale inhibition show that the copolymer can achieve good scale inhibition effect at low concentration, and are highly temperature resistant. The scale inhibition performance is stable in high alkalinity and high hardness water. The results of XRD and SEM showed that the scale structure was obviously loose and the scale inhibition effect was good after adding the copolymer. The crystal form of calcium carbonate changed, the characteristic peak of calcite decreased significantly, and the characteristic peaks of metastable vaterite and aragonite appeared. The crystal form of calcium sulfate did not change but the crystallinity was greatly reduced. The carboxylic acid group in the MA-SAS-HEMA copolymer.

C12H15NO9Zn, triclinic, P1‾ $P\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 7.3596(3) Å, b = 8.1735(2) Å, c = 12.0982(4) Å, α = 85.754(3)°, β = 80.318(3)°, γ = 84.852(2)°, V = 713.21(4) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0515, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1510, T = 288.8(3) K.

This paper summarized the experience of using Sherlock 3CG tip confirmation system for bilaterally placement of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) and related nursing countermeasures in a patient with double superior vena cava. In order to meet the treatment needs, PICC catheters were placed on both sides twice, with the catheter tips located in the right and left superior vena cava. The patient's first choice of the right upper arm for catheterization was smooth, and the second choice of the left side for catheterization was smooth. The Sherlock 3CG tip confirmation system was used for positioning. The P wave of the catheter sent to the reserved length continued to be negative. The results of computer tomography (CT) showed that the patient had permanent left superior vena cava. The X-ray positioning was performed to confirm that the tip of the catheter was located in the left superior vena cava. After comprehensive evaluation by the multidisciplinary team, the catheter indwelling length was adjusted, The patient's condition was closely observed, and health education was strengthened in many aspects. Indwelling catheter was successfully placement without complications. (本文总结了应用Sherlock 3CG尖端定位技术为1例急性髓系白血病伴有双侧上腔静脉患者双侧置入经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉导管(PICC)的护理对策。本例患者为满足治疗需求分别于两次经两侧置入PICC导管, 导管尖端分别位于右、左两侧上腔静脉。患者首次选择右侧上臂置管过程顺利, 再次置管选择左侧置入过程顺利, 应用Sherlock 3CG技术定位, 导管送至预留长度范围P波持续呈负波, 查看计算机断层扫描(CT)结果提示患者存在永存左上腔静脉, 行X光定位确认导管尖端位于左侧上腔静脉。经多学科团队综合评估, 调整导管留置长度, 密切观察患者情况, 加强多方面健康宣教, 导管留置成功, 无并发症发生。)

A 4-CPS/UPU parallel mechanism used in the field of parallel machine tools is proposed. Based on the screw theory, the kinematic and constrained screw system of the parallel mechanism is established. The mechanism has five degrees of freedom and can realize the function of three shifts and two rotations. The degree of freedom is verified by the modified K-G formula. The forward and inverse solutions of the parallel mechanism and the working space are analyzed. The simulation analysis is carried out by Adams software. The workspace of the mechanism is continuous without cavity, and its shape is similar to that of a pyramid, which is regular and symmetrical; the smooth displacement and velocity curves obtained by simulation show that the mechanism has good kinematic performance, which provides a certain theoretical basis for its parametric design in the field of parallel machine tools.

Abstract The conserved p38 MAPK family is activated by phosphorylation during stress responses and inactivated by phosphatases. C. elegans PMK-1 p38 MAPK initiates innate immune responses and blocks development when hyperactivated. Here we show that PMK-1 signaling is enhanced during early aging by modulating the stoichiometry of non-phospho-PMK-1 to promote tissue integrity and longevity. Loss of pmk-1 function accelerates progressive declines in neuronal integrity and lysosome function compromising longevity which has both cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous contributions. CED-3 caspase cleavage limits phosphorylated PMK-1. Enhancing p38 signaling with caspase cleavage-resistant PMK-1 protects lysosomal and neuronal integrity extending a youthful phase. PMK-1 works through a complex transcriptional program to regulate lysosome formation. During early aging, the absolute phospho-p38 amount is maintained but the reservoir of non-phospho-p38 diminishes to enhance signaling without hyperactivation. Our findings show that modulating the stoichiometry of non-phospho-p38 dynamically supports tissue-homeostasis during aging without hyper-activation of stress response.

To investigate the safety and nursing measures of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) implantation in a young child with hemophilia A accompanied with inhibitors, using painless techniques and various ways to prevent bleeding. Before PICC implantation, child with hemophilia was comprehensively evaluated in terms of condition, age and degree of cooperation, and scientific and reasonable pain interventions were carried out to select the optimal anesthesia scheme. The minimum size catheter that met the treatment plan was selected for the inserted venous catheter. Before surgery or invasive treatment, the level of coagulation factors was measured, and alternative treatment according to the test results were taken. Passively separating catheter instead of traditional skin expanding method could reduce the amount of bleeding during catheter insertion. Compared with conventional local anesthesia, the amount of blood loss was significantly reduced, and the comfort and safety of catheterization were significantly increased. For children with low age or low degree of cooperation, especially those with hemophilia with coagulation disorder, the application of painless techniques and multiple ways of bleeding prevention can significantly improve the success rate of PICC catheterization and reduce the amount of bleeding during catheterization. (本文总结1例血友病甲伴抑制物的低龄患儿应用无痛技术行经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉导管(PICC)置管的护理体会。血友病患儿置入PICC术前需综合评估患儿病情、年龄、配合程度等方面, 对患儿进行科学合理的疼痛干预, 选择最优的麻醉方案; 置入的静脉导管应选择满足治疗方案的最小规格导管; 手术或有创治疗前需检验凝血因子水平, 根据检测结果行替代治疗; 采用钝性分离方式送入导管替代传统扩皮方式, 有助于提高置管成功率, 减少出血量, 提高患儿舒适度。)

A station in the Chinese Baijiu box packaging production line has a height difference between the two production lines due to the workshop layout, and the height difference will increase the defective rate of the Chinese Baijiu box base of the station. Aiming at the problem of high defective rate, a 1R2T parallel mechanism is proposed in this research. Based on the screw theory and screw reciprocity principle, a variety of parallel mechanisms that can meet the needs of the station are synthesized. According to the field working conditions, a 2RPS-RPR parallel mechanism is designed, which can realize the 1R2T function and has three degrees of freedom. The inverse solution analysis and workspace description of the parallel mechanism are carried out, and the three-dimensional model of the parallel mechanism is drawn according to the layout of the production line. The rationality of the mechanism motion is analyzed. It is obtained that the combination of configuration design based on the screw theory and actual working conditions is a very effective theoretical analysis method.

The rate of disability due to acute osteofascial compartment syndrome (OCS) is high, and the therapeutic effect of decompressive fasciotomy is not ideal. This paper retrospectively reviews the modern treatment of OCS, including Western medicine and Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), mainly in the context of the advantages of TCM in the treatment process of decompressive fasciotomy or conservative treatment to the patients who are suffering from OCS. It was found that TCM treatment reduced the levels of serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST); it is beneficial to the elimination of swelling and pain. TCM adjunctive therapy promotes patients’ postoperative functional recovery and decreases the occurrence of fasciotomy in patients; TCM can relieve tissue hypoxia of compartments and prevent necrosis of muscle and nerve tissue. TCM treatment improves the quality of medical service and ensures the safety of OCS patients. This paper aims to summarize the function of TCM in the treatment of OCS, provide reference for the clinical treatment of OCS, and improve the nursing/medical outcomes of OCS.

The development of labor education in colleges and universities should be linked with the development of society and follow the footsteps of the changing social digital era. This paper provides a theoretical basis for constructing an evaluation system of labor education by elaborating on the new era of labor education. According to the relevant literature and policy documents, the evaluation index system is initially formulated, and the Delphi method is used to revise and improve the initially selected evaluation index system, finally completing the construction of the evaluation index system of labor education. Combining the hierarchical analysis algorithm and fuzzy evaluation model, labor education in colleges and universities is evaluated. The selected evaluation indexes satisfy the criteria of expert opinion concentration (>3.5) and coefficient of variation (

With the advent of the big data era, information flow and data sharing on a global scale have become the norm. This change has not only changed people’s way of life but has also had a profound impact on enterprises’ economic management mode. The purpose of this paper is to examine the enterprise economic management innovation mode in the digital context and then create a fuzzy, hierarchical, comprehensive evaluation model to examine its application advantages. This foundation is used to construct a standardized evaluation system for enterprise economic management. Specifically, combining the internal and external environments of the enterprise, the enterprise economic management standardization index system is constructed, the indexes are assigned through the hierarchical analysis method, Company A is taken as an example, and the questionnaires are issued to the internal personnel of the enterprise, and the indexes are rated comprehensively. From the comprehensive score of Company A, the standardized level of debt repayment, operation, profit, and development of the enterprise is 3.3125, 0.3242, 3.3588, and 3.2126, respectively, and the standardized level of economic management of Company A reaches 3.3415, which is in a stable state of development, but it can still be further improved. This paper’s use of the digital enterprise economic management model not only enhances Company A’s management operation but also serves as a model for standardizing economic management across other enterprises.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease involving multiple systems and organs, with pulmonary involvement known to be associated with disease prognosis and mortality. Acute lupus pneumonitis (ALP) resembling miliary tuberculosis (TB) is rare. Here, we present a case of ALP mimicking miliary TB and review the literature. A 19-year-old male student was referred to our hospital with fever. Although the patient met the diagnostic criteria for SLE, diffuse miliary nodules in both lungs were observed on a chest computed tomography scan. A series of tests, including pathological testing of bronchoscopy brushes, T-lymphocyte culture + interferon assay (A + B), tuberculin test, detection of mycobacterium TB DNA, and acid-fast bacilli smear in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, were unable to confirm the presence of TB infection. We considered the patient to have ALP. After beginning ALP therapy, his symptoms disappeared, and the imaging and hematological results returned to normal. Miliary TB and ALP have similar clinical manifestations and imaging changes, which make diagnosis difficult. This case highlights the need to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment to improve prognosis.

The sol-gel method is a versatile tool for the modification and functionalization of textiles. This method can be also used to support the application of dyes on textile materials. This paper is related to the application of the fluorescence dye Rhodamine B together with an industrial sol-gel component. Beside fluorescence spectroscopy, also scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) are used for the investigation of the produced textile samples. The realized fluorescence effects are strongly related to the applied dye concentration and can be drastically enhanced by presence of the applied sol-gel system. By use of sol-gel method also the dry and the wet rubbing fastness can be improved. These results could be the starting point for future development of new fluorescent textile materials.

Objective: This study aimed to investigated the effect of ice-temperature vacuum drying on the powder quality of selenium-rich Rugao black pakchoi. Methods: After pretreatment, the fresh black pakchoi was dried to the moisture content of (5.0±0.5) %, and the physical and chemical indexes were investigated, comparing to the control groups of hot-air drying, vacuum drying and freeze-vacuum drying. Results: The vitamin C content of vacuum drying at ice temperature was 554.60 mg/100 g, and the retention rate reached 83.96%, which was 43.11%, 33.57% and 1.61% higher than that of hot-air drying, vacuum drying and freeze-vacuum drying, respectively. Glutathione peroxidase had little activity loss and the best purity maintenance. The retention rates of total phenols and total flavonoids were 59.69% and 60.58%, respectively, which were better than the other three groups. In terms of microstructure, the powder of ice-temperature vacuum drying group was well-distributed, with a smooth and flat surface and less debris. Compared with the other three groups, the ice-temperature vacuum drying group could maintain the original dark green color, and the rehydration and solubility were improved. Conclusion: The ice-temperature vacuum drying process can minimally affect the Rugao black pakchoi powder, and the nutritional quality of this powder is the highest.

A new topology is proposed to regulate voltage sags/swells in the distribution network in this paper. Voltage sags and swells are a serious power quality problem faced by the power industry. Based on energy storage devices, the major traditional voltage restorer is not adequate for compensating deep and long-duration voltage sags/swells. To solve this problem, a novel bipolar direct AC/AC type voltage restorer (AC/AC-VR) topology is proposed, with bipolar regulation ability and no storage device. The restorer of each phase is connected to the other two phases and the power is tapped from them. By controlling the duty cycle of each AC/AC converter, the required voltage is realized to maintain stability. Analysis, simulation, and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the proposed topology.

As the geological exploration data is relatively sparse, unevenly distributed, and contains many geological faults, simple geological surface reconstruction has certain limitations. Based on the fractional differential equations, the paper establishes a subsidence prediction model in exploring geological and mineral resources. The dynamic system described by the reaction-diffusion equation can be mapped to a nonlinear cellular network through space and time discretization. At the same time, the original partial differential equations can be transformed into ordinary differential equations. Furthermore, we can use the difference method to simulate its evolutionary behavior quantitatively. The research results show that the error accuracy between the prediction results of the fractional gray theory established in this paper and the actual engineering results is higher.

In order to explore the effect of waxy corn starch on the quality of dumpling wrappers, the effects of adding different amounts of waxy corn starch on the color, toughness, freezable water content and microstructure of dumpling wrappers and the cooking quality of unfrozen and frozen dumpling wrappers were investigated. The results showed that waxy corn starch addition could significantly improve the brightness (L*) value, toughness and starch binding capacity, and reduce the content of freezable water in dumpling wrappers. Moreover, waxy corn starch addition significantly shortened the cooking time, reduced the cooking loss, increased the shear hardness, and improved the sensory quality of frozen dumpling wrappers. The transparency, cooking loss, shear hardness and chewiness of frozen dumpling wrappers were better than those of unfrozen dumpling wrappers. In summary, the quality of frozen dumpling wrappers can be improved by adding 4%–6% waxy corn starch, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of waxy corn starch in the food industry.

Mechanical ventilation is an important way to maintain the temperature and moisture of grain piles in the warehouse within the safe storage range, which is closely related to grain storage safety and the benefits of storage enterprises. In order to solve the disadvantages of the slow advancing speed of the inlet air in the vertical direction of the traditional Gui-shaped ventilation network, this paper proposed a new ventilation network with Gui-shaped and vertical riser to shorten the travel path and time of air or fumigation gas in the grain pile. The new ventilation network effects through numerical simulation were simulated and predicted to verify its feasibility. The results showed that the cooling rate and uniformity of this ventilation network were good, and the flow resistance of the inlet air in the vertical direction was significantly reduced. The cold front at the position of the riser could pass through the grain surface with a height of 5.5 m on the second day of ventilation, and the ventilation energy consumption could be reduced by about 16% compared with the traditional Gui-shaped ventilation network under the same conditions. The results could provide theory basis for the selection of optimal ventilation network of room type warehouse.

The tensor data of subjects are usually averaged linearly over multiple channels to obtain the tensor template. However, linear averaging ignores the vector information in the tensor. Additionally, it will render the interface between the gray matter and white matter too smooth, resulting in resolution reduction. To address the above problems, this paper introduced quaternion and Gaussian weighted average to construct a Gaussian diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) brain template. First, the DTI data of 55 healthy subjects were preprocessed to minimize data artifacts. The obtained data were then subjected to preliminary spatial standardization. Then, the tensor was decomposed to acquire eigenvectors and eigenvalues. Finally, the eigenvalues and quaternion converted from the eigenvectors were followed by Gaussian weighted average to gain the averaged eigenvectors and eigenvalues. The tensor template was obtained by reconstructing the averaged eigenvectors and eigenvalues. The experimental results show that compared with the linear DTI template, the Gaussian DTI template performs better on the DTED, COH, DVED, OVL, and corrFA evaluation indicators but poorer on the IA indicator. The Gaussian DTI template proposed in this paper has certain advantage on the overall information retention, but is to be further improved on the orientation information.

A worktable of 3-SPS/UPR parallel mechanism is proposed, which is used to assist the less degree of freedom machine tool to process the surface of the workpiece. The kinematic screw matrix of the 3-SPS/UPR parallel mechanism is established; its degree of freedom is analyzed by the screw theory and verified by the modified Kutzbach-Grübler formula; through the geometric relationship in the mechanism, the closed vector method is used to solve the inverse position solution of the mechanism, and the velocity Jacobian matrix of the mechanism is derived; the workspace of the mechanism is solved by three-dimensional dynamic search method; the kinematics of the parallel worktable is simulated by the Adams software. The 3-SPS/UPR parallel mechanism can carry out the movement of two translation and two rotation, improve the machining efficiency and quality of the machine tool, increase the machining range of the machine tool and improve the surface machining ability of the machine tool.

Predicting the initiation pressure of hydraulic fracturing is of great significance for oil and gas exploitation, in-situ stress measurement, and anti-cracking design of hydraulic structures. In this paper, the discontinuous numerical simulation method of particle discrete element combined with domain–pipe flow model is applied considering the fluid–solid coupling. Based on the front-advancing method, the granular model with a regular-shaped borehole is generated to analyze the meso cracking process and initiation pressure of hydraulic fracturing. According to the simulation results, the distribution of contact force chain on the borehole wall is consistent with the theoretical solution on the basis of eliminating the irregularity of borehole shape. The fitted initiation pressure formula by DEM is also close to the theoretical solution. Furthermore, the difference between the fitting formula of initiation pressure and the theoretical solution is explained from the perspective of the local tensile force generated when the granular material is compressed. Finally, a method for preparing impermeable mortar samples with prefabricated boreholes is designed. The initiation pressure under different principal stresses is quantitatively studied based on the true triaxial laboratory tests, which verifies the reliability of the discrete element simulation results.

Objective To explore the application effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (EARS) in gynecological laparoscopy. Methods Totally 87 patients who underwent gynecological laparoscopy were retrospectively analyzed. According to the sequence of hospital admissions, 45 patients in control group received routine perioperative care, and another 42 patients in ERAS group were given EARS-based nursing interventions. Primary outcomes included intraoperative indexes (operation time, intraoperative blood loss and decrease in hemoglobin, postoperative indexes (first time of postoperative off-bed activities, anus exhausting time, length of stay, Visual Analogue Scale on pain at 12 hours after surgery) and postoperative complications such as nausea and vomiting, should and neck pain, abdominal distension. Results The operation time in the ERAS group was shorter than that in the control group (P＜0. 05). Patients in the ERAS group had shorter first time of postoperative off-bed activities, anus exhausting time, length of stay, and lower score of VAS pain at 12 hours after surgery compared with those in the control group(P＜0. 01). Incidences of nausea and vomiting, should and neck pain, abdominal distension in the ERAS group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The EARS-based nursing is potentially effective to improve the postoperative recovery of patients who underwent gynecological laparoscopy, it may reduce the postoperative pain and complications, and shorten the length of stay of patients. (目的 探讨术后加速康复(ERAS)在妇科腹腔镜手术患者中的应用效果。方法 回顾性收集2020年7月—2021年6月医院妇科行腹腔镜手术治疗的患者87例。2020年7月—2020年12月收治的45例患者为对照组, 2021年1月—6月收治的42例患者为ERAS组。对照组实施常规围手术期护理干预, ERAS组实施基于ERAS的护理干预。记录两组患者术中相关指标: 者手术时间、术中出血量和血红蛋白(Hb)减少量, 术后相关指标: 术后首次下床活动时间、肛门排气时间、住院时间、术后12 h疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS), 以及术后并发症(恶心呕吐、肩颈酸痛、腹胀)发生情况。结果 ERAS组手术时间短于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。 ERAS组术后肛门排气时间、术后首次下床活动时间和住院时间短于对照组, 术后12 h的VAS评分低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。 ERAS组术后恶心呕吐、肩膀酸痛和腹胀的发生率低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 给予妇科腹腔镜手术患者ERAS快速康复护理, 能够有效促进患者术后康复时间, 降低术后疼痛和并发症发生风险, 缩短患者住院时间。)

Soybean (Glycine max L.) sprouts are a common vegetable with rich nutrients, such as protein, vitamin C and isoflavones. Soybean is also capable of accumulating selenium (Se). To study the effects of Se biofortification on the nutrient of this crop, soybean sprouts were treated with different concentrations of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) or selenite (i.e., 10 μM, 20 μM, 40 μM, 80 μM and 100 μM) in a hydroponic experiment. Results showed that SeNPs and selenite remarkably increased the total Se concentration in soybean sprouts. Five Se speciations, namely, selenocystine, selenomethionine, methyl selenocysteine, selenite and selenate were detected in soybean sprouts, but selenomethionine was found to be the dominant Se speciation. SeNPs and selenite increased the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoid, soluble sugar, soluble protein, vitamin C and isoflavones in soybean sprouts. SeNPs treatments led to less malondialdehyde content compared with selenite. SeNPs and selenite both enhanced the glutathione content. The modest dosage of exogenous Se stimulated the catalase activity, whereas the large amount reduced it. The peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities were stimulated by SeNPs and selenite. SeNPs posed no significant influence on the superoxide dismutase activity. This study suggests that SeNPs are a good exogenous Se source for the production of Se-rich soybean sprouts.

In order to maintain the stability of the transmitter to ensure the quality of the output signal, we propose a novel technique of automatic bias control based on the pilot signal that can be used in high-order modulation formats. The proposed scheme requires loading a pair of orthogonal pilot signals to the modulator and tapping the frequency-shifted local oscillation light with the signal light output from the modulator to achieve coherent detection. The control of the bias voltage is achieved by means of correlation operation and monitoring the value of the correlation coefficient. This scheme combines coherent detection and correlation detection techniques, which can effectively improve the sensitivity and control accuracy of the system. The feasibility of this scheme in high-order modulation systems and the improvement of sensitivity are also fully verified by simulation.

Based on the mathematical model of internal air flow, heat and humidity coupled transfer in paddy grain piles, while combined with the dynamic model of paddy yellowing, the paper adopted the method of numerical simulation to compare and study the variation of temperature, moisture content and paddy yellowing in the stored grain inside the shallow round warehouse under the conditions of annual natural storage and staged natural storage. On the basis of temperature and humidity, this paper further considered the yellowing effect on the quality of long-term storage of paddy. The results showed that, at the end of storage for 365 days, the average temperature of staged natural storage with ventilation was about 18 ℃ lower than that of natural storage throughout the year, the average moisture was about 0.5% lower, and the average yellowing value was about 0.8 lower. Low temperature air flowling into the high temperature granary could not only reduce the temperature, but also reduce the grain moisture and alleviate the process of paddy yellowing, so the phased natural storage was more conducive to the long-term quality storage of paddy. The rice near the warehouse wall was easily affected by the external ambient temperature, and the coating could be applied on the outside of the warehouse wall to reduce the influence of solar radiation.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the treatment of EGFR-TKI icotinib and the prognosis of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR mutation. Methods Patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma who had EGFR19 and 21 gene mutations and were treated with EGFR-TKI icotinib were enrolled. The relationships of clinical features, EGFR gene mutation subtypes, and different sites with patients'prognosis were analyzed. Results A total of 101 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma were included in this study, including 58 cases (57.4%) of EGFR gene exon 19 deletion mutation (EGFR Del19) and 43 cases (42.6%) of EGFR gene exon 21 point mutation (EGFR L858R). The objective response rate was 63.4%. The mPFS and mOS were 13 months and 27 months, respectively. In addition, the mPFS and mOS of EGFR Del19 and EGFR19 mutation 746-750 were higher than those of EGFR L858R and other EGFR mutations, respectively. Meanwhile, multivariate analysis showed that the number of metastatic sites and pleural metastasis were independent influencing factors of patients'OS (P=0.027; P=0.041). The mOS of patients with the number of metastatic sites ≤3 and without pleural metastasis were 29 and 27 months, respectively. Conclusion There is no significant difference found in overall survival of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients treated with icotinib among different EGFR mutation subtypes and sites. Herein, the overall survival time is longer in patients with less than three metastatic sites and without pleural metastasis.

Raynaud's phenomenon is a common vasospasm response, and current medical therapies and surgical treatments show limited clinical effects. Botulinum toxin type A has certain effectiveness and safety in treating Raynaud's phenomenon. It can relax blood vessels, relieve pain, and has a good long-term effect. Its side effects are mild, such as pain at the injection site, bruises, or transient muscle weakness. In recent years, some research has broadened the scope of application of the treatment and determined more effective injection doses and injection methods to reduce the side effects. More large-sample randomized double-blind controlled trials and animal experiments are needed to provide information for explaining the treatment mechanisms and illstrating the efficacy.

Cushion materials can effectively reduce the impact load acting on the rigid protective structures such as shed tunnel and improve the impact resistance of the structures. In order to investigate the variation of cushioning performance of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) under successive impacts, drop weight impact tests and discrete element simulations are carried out. Test results show that compared with the quartz sand cushion, the transmitted load at the center of concrete shed for RCA under the first impact reduces by 83%, and it is distributed more uniformly. With the increase in the number of impacts, the cushioning performances of both the RCA and quartz sand deteriorate. For the sixth impact, the maximum transmitted loads at the center of concrete shed for RCA and quartz sand are 11.2 times and 1.4 times those of the first impact, respectively. Furthermore, the cushioning performance is strongly influenced by particle shape. The numerical simulation results show that when the proportion of strip particles increases from 0% to 100%, the rotation angle and translation distance of the particles decrease by 40% and 20%, respectively, and the maximum drop weight impact load increases by 37%. The inter-locking effect between particles increases with the irregularity of particle shape, which limits the rotation and translation of the particles, and increases the drop weight impact load and the transmitted load on the concrete slab. The research results may provide theoretical basis and engineering guidance for RCA as a new type of eco-friendly cushion.

Al-Li alloy has been widely used in aerospace field attribute to the advantages of lower density, higher strength, damage tolerance and corrosion resistance. Dynamic recrystallization phenomena exist in Al-Li alloy during hot deformation. This paper overviews the dynamic recrystallization behavior occurring in hot processing of Al-Li alloy. The research history of dynamic recrystallization is summarized, together with the key factors that influencing the dynamic recrystallization processes including stacking fault energy, grain size, hot processing conditions and secondary particles. The nucleation mechanisms and conditions of discontinuous dynamic recrystallization, continuous dynamic recrystallization and geometric dynamic recrystallization are depicted and analyzed respectively, followed by a discussion on the effects of the forward three dynamic recrystallization mechanisms regarding the mechanical properties and microstructure. Ultimately, the unsolved and challenging scientific and technological issues are highlighted with some aspects desiring further exploration. It is feasible to provide ideas and inspiration for scholars to better comprehend dynamic recrystallization mechanisms during the hot deformation of Al-Li alloy with the assistance of electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy characterization methods.

Based on the comparison of the five editions of the Dietary Guidelines, this article have extracted the health concepts that each edition of the dietary guidelines adheres to, including the concepts of reasonable match, energy balance and healthy weight, three reductions （reducing salt, fat and sugar） to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases, and also analyzes the updated and practical characteristics of the new edition of the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents, including the Oriental Healthy Dietary Model, knowing how to cook and choose food, and enjoying of serving chopsticks and individual serving. On these basis, the author analyzed the practice of the balanced diet model based on the Chinese Food Guide Pyramid.

Objective To observe the detection rate, morphological characteristics and deposition degree of pathological trans⁃activation response DNA binding protein 43 (TDP⁃43) in several common neurodegenerative diseases, and to explore its pathological significance. Methods A total of 15 cases with a history of hospitalization in the Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 1994 to September 2019 were retrospectively collected, including 5 cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD), 3 cases of Parkinson's disease (PD), 2 cases of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and 5 cases of normal aging brain. HE staining, Lucas fast blue (LFB) staining, Gallyas⁃Braak silver staining, and immunohistochemical staining of β⁃amyloid (Aβ), AT8, phosphorylated TDP⁃43 and α⁃synuclein (α⁃Syn) were performed for amygdala tissue sections. The pathological morphological characteristics of pathological TDP⁃43 protein was observed under a light microscope, and the pathological TDP⁃43 protein was graded by semi⁃quantitative method. Results Phosphorylated TDP⁃43 antibody staining was found in 5/15 of aging brain amygdala tissue, including 2 cases of AD, one case of PD, and 2 cases of normal aging brain. Among them, severe pathological TDP⁃43 protein deposition and mild short neurodystrophy filaments were found in the amygdala of 2/5 cases of AD, mainly neuronal cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Cytoplasmic inclusions and short neurodystrophy filaments in rare neurons of amygdala in 1/3 cases of PD. Rare or mild neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions and rare short neurodystrophy filaments were found in the amygdala of 2/5 normal aging brain. Two cases of PSP showed negative staining for phosphorylated TDP⁃43 antibody in amygdala. No long amygdala neurodystrophy filaments were found in the 15 patients. No glial cytoplasmic inclusions and neuronal intranuclear inclusions were found in PD, PSP and normal aging brain. Conclusions Pathological TDP⁃43 protein is most severe in the amygdala of AD and may accelerate cognitive decline in AD or lower the threshold of cognitive dysfunction.

Different types of activated imbroglio exist in the brain of the patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). As the neuroinflammation reaction progresses, significant changes take place in the morphology and function of those cells. They could play a pathogenic role by altering the phagocytic function of cells, including intracellular toxic reactions or directly participate in immune response. Several clinical trials have been conducted to promote targeted therapy focusing on the role that microglia played in neuroinflammation reactions of AD. More large scale studies are necessary to elucidate the function and mechanism of microglia in the neuroinflammation reaction of AD.