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Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) refers to AI technology capable of generating new content such as text, images, or audio from training data. GAI tools not only demonstrate rapid and efficient potential in literature screening, data extraction, and literature appraisal in systematic reviews, but can also be used for guideline evaluation and dissemination, enhancing the readability and promotion efficiency of guidelines. However, the accuracy of content generated by GAI tools, the rationality of cited evidence, the level of evidence, and the reliability of data still need verification. Additionally, data privacy protection and ethical issues are challenges that need to be addressed. This article aims to overview the current status of GAI tools in the formulation, evaluation, dissemination, and implementation of guidelines, explore the feasibility and new models of GAI tools in the field of guidelines, and improve the efficiency and quality of guideline formulation to better serve guideline developers and users.

Expert evidence, expert opinion, and expert consensus are frequently mentioned and used in the process of guideline development. However, due to the lack of clear definitions and standards, there is confusion and misuse among the three in practice. This paper clarifies the meanings, current status, differences, and connections of expert evidence, expert opinion, and expert consensus in the development of guidelines, aiming to provide a reference for guideline developers in China.

Introduction: Sessile plants engage in trade-offs between growth and defense capacity in response to fluctuating environmental cues. MYB is an important transcription factor that plays many important roles in controlling plant growth and defense. However, the mechanism behind how it keeps a balance between these two physiological processes is still largely unknown. Objectives: Our work focuses on the dissection of the molecular mechanism by which GhMYB33 regulates plant growth and defense. Methods: The CRISPR/Cas9 technique was used to generate mutants for deciphering GhMYB33 functions. Yeast two-hybrid, luciferase complementary imaging, and co-immunoprecipitation assays were used to prove that proteins interact with each other. We used the electrophoretic mobility shift assay, yeast one-hybrid, and luciferase activity assays to analyze GhMYB33 acting as a promoter. A β-glucuronidase fusion reporter and 5′ RNA ligase mediated amplification of cDNA ends analysis showed that ghr-miR319c directedly cleaved the GhMYB33 mRNA. Results: Overexpressing miR319c-resistant GhMYB33 (rGhMYB33) promoted plant growth, accompanied by a significant decline in resistance against Verticillium dahliae. Conversely, its knockout mutant, ghmyb33, demonstrated growth restriction and concomitant augmentation of V. dahliae resistance. GhMYB33 was found to couple with the DELLA protein GhGAI1 and bind to the specific cis-elements of GhSPL9 and GhDFR1 promoters, thereby modulating internode elongation and plant resistance in V. dahliae infection. The ghr-miR319c was discovered to target and suppress GhMYB33 expression. The overexpression of ghr-miR319c led to enhanced plant resistance and a simultaneous reduction in plant height. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that GhMYB33 encodes a hub protein and controls the expression of GhSPL9 and GhDFR1, implicating a pivotal role for the miR319c-MYB33 module to regulate the trade-offs between plant growth and defense.

Background COPD, a preventable and treatable disease, is characterised by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitations, with high incidence, disability, mortality and disease burden. Currently, drug treatments mainly include bronchodilators and glucocorticoids, which are used to alleviate symptoms and improve lung function. Traditional medical care models and patients' lack of understanding of the disease result in regular and long-term hospitalisations, affect patients’ quality of life and cause a need to explore more effective comprehensive intervention plans. Methods This study is designed as a multicentre, randomised controlled trial consisting of three parallel groups. Group A will receive early pulmonary rehabilitation in the hospital and remote internet pulmonary rehabilitation after discharge. Group B will receive the same early pulmonary rehabilitation in the hospital but outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation after discharge for 8 weeks and routine follow-up management. Group C will receive outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation during a stable period of 3–4 weeks after discharge and routine follow-up management. 1482 patients will be enrolled from 10 centres in China. The primary outcome measures will be the readmission rate due to acute exacerbation at 90 days and the 12-month readmission rate due to acute exacerbation. The secondary outcomes will mainly include differences in all-cause mortality; the number of acute exacerbations; COPD Assessment Test, modified Medical Research Council scale and St George's Respiratory Questionnaire scores; the pulmonary rehabilitation treatment completion rate; patient compliance; and patient and physician satisfaction scores among the three groups at 3, 6 and 12 months after the different interventions. In addition, the proportion of people with ≥2 acute exacerbations within 12 months and the time of the first acute exacerbation will also be included. Conclusions This study aims to further verify the substitutability of remote internet pulmonary rehabilitation for outpatient rehabilitation and its short-term and long-term effects in patients, providing comprehensive interventional evidence for the treatment of COPD.

In response to the diverse business needs of the future in all domains and scenarios, 6G networks need to provide scenario-based and personalized service capabilities. Aiming at the problem of quality assurance of fine-grained business services in the future, a joint optimization algorithm for 6G network task offloading and fine-grained slice resource scheduling was proposed, which jointly considered the calculation offloading of multiple MECs and the resource scheduling of network slices, and minimized the execution delay and energy consumption cost of the task within limited resources. Then the A3C reinforcement learning algorithm of asynchronous training was used to solve it. The simulation results show that, compared with the traditional algorithm, the proposed algorithm can reduce the computing cost while meeting the business needs of users. Additionally, the algorithm converges fast and can realize fast decision-making.

With the widespread use of 32-bit embedded task processing systems, embedded systems are used in various fields. Traditional software development is gradually being replaced by development methods based on embedded operating systems. The built-in processing system inherits the entire operating system and retains its core components, including thread synchronization and exclusive access to individual resources. However, embedded system resources are relatively limited, and operating requirements are more complex and flexible, which makes the development of embedded operating systems more complicated and difficult than general PC systems. The corpus as the basic intelligent corpus is the research capital used by scientists to study language, and it is also an important part of English writing teaching. In fact, after European linguists represented by Jeffrey Ritchie proposed the application of smart corpus to the teaching of English writing, smart corpus entered the field of view of scientists. This means that smart corpus will become an indispensable part of linguistics. This research method expands the research method of English writing, covering two main aspects: speech output and language error analysis. The application of this research method to the teaching system of English writing is mainly reflected in “language error analysis”. This article discusses corpus-based English writing. In addition, in order to enrich the application influence of the English teaching management system, the system discussed in this article aims at the optimization of the teaching system and has designed more useful functions (such as English broadcasting, personal center users, system settings, etc.), so that students can learn more. It is easy to record their English learning status and enrich the content of English courses.

In order to make full use of the potential of wireless sensor networks in higher education, this study aims to provide convenient intelligent learning and management functions by constructing an iot Android voice assistant based on wireless sensor networks. The system structure of Android voice assistant based on wireless sensor network is researched, designed and implemented. Through the integration of wireless sensor network and school network platform, the data collection, transmission and analysis functions are realized. The results show that the Android voice assistant based on wireless sensor network effectively provides intelligent learning and management functions in the network mode of higher education. Students and teachers can realize course inquiry, resource acquisition, teaching evaluation and other operations through voice commands to improve learning and teaching efficiency. By combining the data acquisition capabilities of sensors and wireless transmission capabilities, the system provides students, teachers and school administrators with intelligent learning and management functions, which is expected to promote the further development of higher education network environment.

Objective To explore the effects of clearing the stomach and strengthening the spleen in the treatment of simple obesity on serum neuropeptide Y (NPY) and leptin from the perspective of spleen and stomach. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 86 patients with simple obesity who admitted to Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to January 2022. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into control group and observation group, 43 cases in each group. The control group was given exercise combined with dietary guidance intervention, and the observation group was given clearing stomach and strengthening spleen prescription on the basis of the control group. The clinical efficacy, Chinese medicine symptom score, body fat content, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, serum NPY, leptin and blood lipid levels were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of observation group was higher than that of control group (95.35% vs 69.77%, χ2=9.771, P=0.002). After treatment, the scores of epigastric distensions, nausea and vomiting, bitter, sticky mouth odor and poor stool in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The body fat content, BMI and waist circumference of observation group were lower than those of control group after treatment （P＜0.05）. After treatment, serum levels of NPY, leptin, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in observation group were lower than those in control group (P＜0.05), while high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in observation group was higher than that in control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Clearing stomach and strengthening spleen has certain curative effect in the treatment of simple obesity, which can effectively reduce body weight, reduce abdominal circumference, relieve symptoms such as poor stool and abdominal distension, reduce serum NPY and leptin levels, and regulate blood lipid.

Objective To analyze the current status of the development of adaptation guidelines in China, as well as their methodological quality and the reporting quality, in order to provide reference for the development of adaptation guidelines. Methods We searched and collected adaptation guidelines led by Chinese researchers or institutions from 2015 to 2023 from four electronic databases, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform, SinoMed and PubMed, extracted the basic information of the adapted guidelines, and assessed their methodological quality and reporting quality using the Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch and Evaluation (AGREE) Ⅱ and RIGHT-Ad@pt tools. Results A total of 14 adaptation guidelines were included, mainly focusing on nursing (42.9%, 6/14), with the most frequently used adaptation method of ADAPTE (71.4%, 10/14), and with reference to pre-existing guidelines mainly from the United States, the United Kingdom, and international organizations. Assessment by the AGREE Ⅱ tool showed that the average methodological quality score of the adapted guidelines was 36.6%. The scores were relatively high in the domains of clarity of expression and rigor of formulation (44.4% and 54.9%), and lowest in the domain of applicability (15.3%). The results of the RIGHT-Ad@pt tool showed that the reporting quality of the adaptation guidelines was relatively good, with the highest reporting rate of 91.2% and the lowest of 35.3%, and the reporting rates of seven articles were higher than 70%. Conclusions Adaptation guidelines in China are still in their infancy, with a relatively small number and mainly focusing on the nursing field. The most commonly used adaptation method is the ADAPTE method. The methodological quality and reporting quality of adaptation guidelines need to be further improved, and more research should be conducted on the specific conditions and timing of adaptation guidelines development.

The rapid development of network attack and defense technologies has posed various challenges to current cybersecurity assurance systems. Therefore, studying a new cybersecurity assurance system has become an urgent need to promote the development of information technologies and is of strategic significance for strengthening the network security and availability in China. This study summarizes the operation status of and major security challenges faced by China’s current cybersecurity guarantee system that features a self-defense mode. A cybersecurity guarantee system based on a guard mode and its key technical tasks are proposed. Specifically, the tasks include honey point technology based on deep threat perception, honey court technology based on attack observation and discrimination, honey matrix technology based on collaborative linkage, and honey hole technology based on attack deterrence and mapping. Furthermore, we propose the following suggestions: (1) exploring the cybersecurity assurance mechanisms based on the guard mode to comprehensively improving the cybersecurity protection level of China; (2) exploring the research and application of security protection technologies based on the guard mode and achieving the integration of existing and new security protection technologies; (3) exploring a new talent-training model to cultivate innovative and practical professionals in the cybersecurity field.

Background: Iatrogenic blood loss is an important cause of neonatal anemia. In this study, a spreadsheet tool was developed to reduce blood collection, providing a new idea for the prevention of iatrogenic blood loss in newborns. Methods: Based on hematocrit, minimum test volume and dead volume, a new tool was to calculate the minimum blood collection volume and the number of containers required for the test portfolio. We collected data from October 2022 to October 2023 from Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Hospital for analysis and validation. Results: During this year, there were 16,434 patients and 13,696 plasma/serological samples in the neonatology department. Among them, there were 8 test combinations of greater than 1%, and 9490 samples in total. According to the hospital manual, the recommended amount of blood collection is 27,534 ml and 9490 containers. Through the analysis of this tool, total blood collection was 8864.77 ml, marked qnantity of upward containers (closest level to the calculated blood collection volume) was 10301 ml, and the amount of containers was 8835, which decreased by 67.8%, 62.58% and 6.9% respectively. Besides, if the hematocrit information cannot be obtained in advance and the high hematocrit is calculated as 0.8, the recommended amount of blood collection is 14334.3 ml, and the marked amount of the upward container markering is 17340 ml, decreasing by 47.9% and 37.02% respectively. Conclusion: We have developed an auxiliary tool that can manage neonatal blood specimen collection in a fine and personalized way and can be applied among different laboratory instruments by parameters modification.

ObjectiveTo understand the epidemic characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases （NIDs） other than coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） in Shanghai in 2020， and to provide evidence for formulating infectious disease prevention and control strategies.MethodsData of NIDs reported in Shanghai from 2015 to 2020 were collected through the National Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence and prevalence characteristics of NIDs in Shanghai in 2020， and compared them with the average values of 2015 to 2019.ResultsA total of 45 574 cases of 23 kinds of NIDs were reported in Shanghai in 2020， except for COVID-19， with an incidence of 187.69/105， and a decrease rate of 50.58% compared with the average value of 2015 to 2019. The incidence of category B and C infectious diseases decreased by 38.07% and 57.47%， respectively （All P

This paper summarized the practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine retention enema and nursing interventions on constipation symptoms in a patient with severe pneumonia. The nurses had carried out a comprehensive assessment on patient’s condition. Based on conventional interventions such as anti-infective therapy, enteral nutritional support, psychological care, Traditional Chinese Medicine retention enema by syndrome differentiation was conducted to improve the recovery of gastrointestinal function and relieve the constipation symptoms of the patient. (本文总结中药保留灌肠治疗1例重症肺炎患者便秘的护理经验。护理人员科学评估, 基于中医辨证, 在抗感染治疗、肠内营养支持、心理护理等常规治疗和护理的基础上, 开展中药保留灌肠干预, 在促进患者胃肠功能恢复的同时, 兼顾补中益气, 有效缓解患者便秘症状, 促进早期康复。)

Friction coefficients of the Cu-based powder metallurgical brake pads decline due to the high temperature during the high-speed braking, which will directly affect the train braking effectiveness. The 1:1 high-speed braking tests of Cu-based powder metallurgical brake pads were carried out under the different speeds, and the friction materials and abrasive texture after the tests were analyzed. The results show that, the metal matrix on the surface of friction materials melts due to the high temperature under the braking speeds of 350 km·h−1 and 380 km·h−1, decreases the shear resistance of the micro bumps on the friction surface, and causes the decline of friction coefficient. The metal oxide films formed on the friction surface reduce the wear, resulting in the further decline of friction coefficient. The friction surface lost the stable lubricant film when the graphite is oxidized under the high temperature generated by 380 km·h−1 braking, and the wear loss increases significantly due to the adhesive wear and material transfer behavior.

Abstract Background Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines mediating the local inflammatory process in joints, inhibits cartilage formation and has a detrimental effect on stem cell-based cartilage regeneration for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the mechanisms behind this inhibitory effect are still poorly understood. Mitochondrial morphological changes mediated by mitochondrial fusion and fission are highly plastic, are quite sensitive to environmental stimuli and play a crucial role in maintaining cell structure and function. In our study, chondrogenic differentiated human adipose stem cells (hADSCs) were exposed to TNF-α and the effect of TNF-α on the ability of hADSCs to chondrogenic differentiate and on mitochondrial fusion and fission was observed and analyzed. The aim was to investigate the role and mechanisms of mitochondrial fusion and fission regulation in the chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs under normal conditions and under exposure to TNF-α. Methods We used flow cytometry to identify hADSCs immunophenotypes CD29, CD44, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. Alcian blue staining and Sirius red staining were used to observe the formation of proteoglycans and collagen during the chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs, respectively. The mRNA and protein expression levels of the cartilage formation marker SOX9, type II collagen (COL2A1), and Aggrecan were measured by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot, respectively. The fluorescent probes MitoTracker® Red CMXRos and JC-1 were used to visualize mitochondria morphology and detect mitochondrial membrane electricity (MMP). Affymetrix PrimeView™ chips were used for gene expression profiling. Results The results showed that the chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs was inhibited in the presence of TNF-α that optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) expression was significantly upregulated and mitochondria were prolonged and interconnected during this process. Gene microarray and RT-qPCR data showed that the presence of TNF-α led to increased expression of TNFα receptor 2 (TNFRSF1B) and RELA during chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs. Conclusions TNF-α inhibits chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells by activating RELA expression through TNFRSF1B upregulating OPA1 expression thereby increasing mitochondrial fusion.

Abstract Introduction Nuclear receptor subfamily five group A member two (NR5A2) plays a key role in the development of many tumor types, while it is uncertain in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). The aim of this work was to determine the role of NR5A2 in cSCC proliferation, and to determine whether NR5A2 mediates the effect of cisplatin in cSCC. Methods We performed a systematic study of existing data and conducted a preliminary bioinformatics analysis of NR5A2 expression in cSCC using bioinformatics databases. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on cSCC tissues of seven patients to study NR5A2 expression. NR5A2 expression was examined in human keratin‐forming cells (HaCaT) and human cSCC cells (A431, Colo‐16, SCL‐1, SCL‐2, and HSC‐5). Stable A431 and SCL‐2 cell lines consisting of sh‐RNA‐NR5A2 were constructed to detect changes in cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and to determine the key proteins in the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. We also investigated changes in the effects of cisplatin on cSCC cells by CCK‐8, clone formation assay, and Flow apoptosis assay after NR5A2 knockdown. Results NR5A2 showed enhanced expression in cSCC tissues than in healthy tissues. Downregulation of NR5A2 in cSCC cells led to the formation of a less malignant phenotype. In contrast, the proliferative capacity of the cSCC cells was enhanced posttreatment with RJW100, an NR5A2 agonist. Additionally, NR5A2 knockdown led to a decrease in the expression level of the proteins in the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway, and this inhibition was reversed by LiCl and recombinant antibody, Wnt3a. Moreover, NR5A2 knockdown resulted in diminished proliferative capacity and increased apoptotic cells after the addition of cisplatin. Conclusion NR5A2 plays a crucial role in the progression of cSCC, and the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway may be involved in the regulation of NR5A2‐mediated cSCC. Knockdown of NR5A2 enhanced both the proliferation inhibiting and apoptosis promoting effects of cisplatin on cSCC.

This paper explores how attack teams effectively counter trace-back efforts to safeguard their anonymity and security in network attack and defense confrontations. As network attacks become more prevalent and complex, attackers constantly use more covert and sophisticated methods to conduct attacks, making tracking and tracing a critical challenge in cybersecurity. The paper begins by evaluating joint attack trace-back techniques and methods, which include those based on network traffic analysis, malicious code analysis, and log auditing. Simulated experiments in natural network environments validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed strategies. The research findings demonstrate that anti-tracing strategies based on offensive confrontation can effectively enhance the anonymity of attack teams and their ability to withstand trace-back attacks, offering new insights and methods for cybersecurity defense.

In order to investigate the distribution of temperature field in directionally solidified DZ4125 columnar superalloy, and to study the effects of different withdrawl rates on the changes of temperature gradient and mushy zone, the directional solidification processes with withdrawal rates of 3, 5 and 7 mm/min were simulated by ProCAST software. The results show that when the test rod is located in the heating zone, the isotherm is inclined distribution with low outside and high inside. And when the test rod is located in the cooling zone, the isotherm is inclined distribution with high outside and low inside. With the increase of withdrawal rate, the temperature gradient decreases gradually. The shape of the mushy zone depends on the withdrawal rate and the distance from the water-cooled plate. When the withdrawl rate is 5 mm/min, the horizontal state of the solidification front is maintained for a longest time. On this basis, the precision casting experiment of directional solidification test rod is carried out, and the relationship between the shape of liquidus and grain structure is found for castings withdrawn at 3 and 7 mm/min. It is found that when the liquidus is concave and convex, the grain grows towards the center and the surface of the test rod, and the horizontal liquidus can promote the grain growth along the axis of the test rod.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations, pathological features, and treatment of oral and maxillofacial pyogenic granulomas induced by camrelizumab. Methods A case of pyogenic granuloma of the gums and lips caused by camrelizumab was reported along with a literature review. Results After 4 months of treatment with camrelizumab for liver cancer, the patient developed systemic reactive capillary hyperplasia (RCH), followed by multiple masses on the lower lip and gingiva. After periodontal therapy, the masses on the lower lip and the gingiva were removed, and camrelizumab administration was stopped. The pathological result was gingival pyogenic granuloma/granulomatous hemangioma. No new masses were found in the oral cavity during postoperative follow-up. A review of the literature showed that RCH is the most common adverse drug reaction to camrelizumab but it occurs infrequently in the oral cavity. At present, the etiology of RCH has not been clarified, but the research has shown that camrelizumab may trigger tissue proliferation into hemangiomas by activating vascular endothelial cells, and the combined use of camrelizumab is safer than single use. RCH is self-limiting and most cases resolve spontaneously after discontinuation of the drug. If the mass causes dysfunction, surgical excision is feasible. Conclusion Camrelizumab can cause oral and maxillofacial reactive capillary hyperplasia complicated by pyogenic granuloma.

The high voltage cable used in mine is affected by many factors, such as electricity, heat and machinery stress. These factors accelerate insulation aging and easily lead to cable leakage, short circuit or discharge. At present, the dielectric response method is introduced into analysis, evaluation and diagnosis of insulation performance and aging state of mine cables. In view of problems of insulation performance and aging state evaluation of mine cables, the commonly used ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) insulated mobile flexible cable for mining is taken as the research object. The basic principles and typical characteristics of recovery voltage method, polarization/depolarization current method and frequency-domain dielectric spectroscopy method in dielectric response method are summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of the three methods are compared. The characteristics of cable insulation performance evaluation based on the dielectric response model are introduced. The characteristics include the aging factor extracted by the extended Debye model, relaxation characteristics extracted by the modified dielectric relaxation model and dielectric loss integral spectrum. The application of the dielectric response method in the evaluation of the insulation performance of mine cables is summarized from the following aspects. The aspects include the identification of trace corrosion degree of mine cables based on recovery voltage method and polarization/depolarization current method. The aspects include the evaluation of EPDM insulation multi-stress aging state based on polarization/depolarization current method and isothermal relaxation current, based on dielectric relaxation model and based on dielectric loss integral value. The existing online monitoring technology for the evaluation of the insulation performance of mine cables based on the dielectric response method cannot adapt to the working conditions of coal mines. The evaluation data is insufficient, and the relationship between the insulation deterioration degree and the characteristic quantity is unknown. In order to solve the above problems, this paper puts forward that the research should focus on two key technologies, namely, cable insulation state perception and the relationship between insulation degradation degree and characteristic quantity construction.

Traditional rough set theory is mainly used to reduce attributes and extract rules in databases in which attributes are characterised by partitions, which the covering rough set theory, a generalisation of traditional rough set theory, covers. In this article, we posit a method to reduce the attributes of covering decision systems, which are databases incarnated in the form of covers. First, we define different covering decision systems and their attributes’ reductions. Further, we describe the necessity and sufficiency for reductions. Thereafter, we construct a discernible matrix to design algorithms that compute all the reductions of covering decision systems. Finally, the above methods are illustrated using a practical example and the obtained results are contrasted with other results.

The preventive control strategy can be solved quickly and effectively through the linear programming model based on active power sensitivity. However, the active power sensitivity obtained by the DC power flow method ignores the influence of voltage and network loss, which makes the control strategy checked by AC power flow difficult to meet the accuracy requirement. For this reason, an online decision-making method for overload preventive control of transmission equipment based on the control objects relaxation is proposed. Firstly, the key equipment is determined by overload security margin, and the active power sensitivity of adjusting measures to key equipment under different post-fault operating conditions is calculated. Secondly, the active power adjusting measures are clustered. Thirdly, a linear programming model for overload preventive control online decision-making is established. Finally, the active power limit of key equipment is relaxed according to the active power accuracy of preventive control, and the search direction of the optimal solution is determined by AC power flow calculation. The correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified through the analysis of the actual power grid.

Relay protection device is an important part to ensure the safe and stable operation of power system. With the rapid increase of the number of substations and relay protection devices,the daily inspection workload of the operation and maintenance personnel has become saturated,which can not guarantee the high quality and no dead angle inspection every time and brings hidden dangers to the reliable operation of the protection devices. In this paper,an intelligent inspection technology of protection device based on convolution neural network image recognition algorithm is proposed. With the help of the cameras installed in the front and back of the cabinet,the unmanned or few people inspection of the protection device can be realized. Firstly,the intelligent inspection system of the protection device is introduced,and the intelligent inspection items that can be realized is analyzed. The conclusion that convolution neural network can be used for image recognition is drawn. Secondly,taking the platen state recognition as an example,the training sample set and test sample set required by the inspection items are introduced,and the convolution neural network level of the inspection items is given. Then the training sample set is used to train the convolution neural network of different inspection items,and finally each network is tested. The test results show that the neural network image recognition rate of each inspection item is above 96%,even 98%,and the recognition effect is good.

Abstract Background To determine the risk-assessment role of the immune-inflammatory biomarkers on myocardial damage in COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods This retrospective study was conducted on 822 COVID-19 inpatients from 1 January to 10 March 2020 at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. The demographic data, clinical data, and immune-inflammatory parameters of participants were collected. The predictors of cardiac injury were assessed by Logistics regression analysis. Results A total of 246 COVID-19 inpatients were diagnosed with DM (29.9%). The incidence of cardiac injury was higher in patients with DM than in non-DM cases (28.9% vs 9.0%, p 25.68mpg/ml (adjusted OR, 4.345; 95% CI 2.192–10.374; p

The aim of this study is to investigate clinical features of atypical pulmonary tuberculosis (aPTB) mimicking bacterial pneumonia, determine imaging features with the highest degree of correlation, and identify predictors for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) positivity.

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is the most common acute progressive cerebrovascular disease in aging population. Although the pathogenesis of ICH remains unclear, a great many mechanism researches have shown that the blood⁃brain barrier (BBB) regulated by different genetic factors may play an important role. As classic animal model for hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease, the ICH zebrafish model plays a key role in the studies for mechanisms of genetic factors. In this article, we comprehensively reviews the characteristics and advantages of ICH zebrafish model, and also makes an updated introductions on genetic and molecular aspects of BBB structures and functions based on common transgenic ICH zebrafish model. Therefore, we explain the relationship between ICH and related gene expression, in order to deepen current understanding on ICH pathogenesis and help to make relevant strategy for prevention and treatment. doi：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2021.02.005

Wide-bandgap (wide-E g, ∼1.7 eV or higher) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted extensive attention due to the great potential of fabricating high-performance perovskite-based tandem solar cells via combining with low-bandgap absorbers, which is considered promising to exceed the Shockley–Queisser efficiency limit. However, inverted wide-E g PSCs with a minimized open-circuit voltage (V oc) loss, which are more suitable to prepare all-perovskite tandem devices, are still lacking study. Here, we report a strategy of adding 1,3,5-tris (bromomethyl) benzene (TBB) into wide-E g perovskite absorber to passivate the perovskite film, leading to an enhanced average V oc. Incorporation of TBB prolongs carrier lifetimes in wide-E g perovskite due to reduction of defects in perovskites and makes a better energy level matching between perovskite absorber and electron transport layer. As a result, we achieve the power conversion efficiency of 17.12% for our inverted TBB-doped PSC with an enhanced V oc of 1.19 V, compared with that (16.14%) for the control one (1.14 V).