Search

Background Chronic kidney disease has become a major global concern, and the prevalence of kidney disease in China is the highest in the world. About 89.5% of patients require hemodialysis. In recent years, the prevalence of frailty in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients has risen significantly, seriously affecting the quality of life and prognosis of patients. Objective To explore the prevalence of frailty and the influencing factors of maintenance hemodialysis patients in China through Meta-analysis. Methods Cross-sectional and cohort studies on the prevalence and influencing factors of frailty in Chinese MHD patients were systematically searched in CNKI, VIP, CBM, Wanfang Data, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL databases. The search deadline was from the respective databases to July 2023. Literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two researchers. Stata 15.0 was used for meta-analysis. Results Thirty-two papers were included, and including 6 746 patients, among which 2 566 experienced frailty, involving 37 influencing factors. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of frailty in MHD patients in China was 37.4% (95%CI=30.3%-44.5%). Age (OR=1.09, 95%CI=1.06-1.13), age>60 years (OR=3.81, 95%CI=2.31-6.30), female (OR=2.13, 95%CI=1.47-3.08), living alone (OR=2.42, 95%CI=1.22-4.80), sleep (OR=1.28, 95%CI=1.08-1.50), depression (OR=1.97, 95%CI=1.26-3.08), age on dialysis (OR=3.25, 95%CI=1.82-5.79), social support (low level) (OR=1.99, 95%CI=1.39-2.86), comorbidities (OR=1.79, 95%CI=1.40-2.30), malnutrition (OR=1.17, 95%CI=1.07-1.28), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (OR=1.32, 95%CI=1.01-1.71), C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR=1.15, 95%CI=1.09-1.21), hemoglobin (Hb

Synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) has become one of the mainstream methods for dealing with unbalanced data due to its ability to effectively deal with minority samples, and many SMOTE improvement algorithms have been proposed, but very little research existing considers popular algorithmic-level improvement methods. Therefore a more comprehensive analysis of existing SMOTE class algorithms is provided. Firstly, the basic principles of the SMOTE method are elaborated in detail, and then the SMOTE class algorithms are systematically analyzed mainly from the two levels of data level and algorithmic level, and the new ideas of the hybrid improvement of data level and algorithmic level are introduced. Data-level improvement is to balance the data distribution by deleting or adding data through different operations during preprocessing; algorithmic-level improvement will not change the data distribution, and mainly strengthens the focus on minority samples by modifying or creating algorithms. Comparison between these two kinds of methods shows that, data-level methods are less restricted in their application, and algorithmic-level improvements generally have higher algorithmic robustness. In order to provide more comprehensive basic research material on SMOTE class algorithms, this paper finally lists the commonly used datasets, evaluation metrics, and gives ideas of research in the future to better cope with unbalanced data problem.

Objective·To investigate the expression and clinical significance of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase1 (GGPS1) in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) by bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry.Methods·Firstly, the transcriptome data of LUSC tissues and paired normal tissues were downloaded from UCSC Xena platform. The data were standardized and differentially expressed by R language, and verified by UALCAN database. UALCAN and LinkedOmics databases were used to analyze the relationship between GGPS1 expression and clinicopathological features in LUSC patients. The Kaplan-Meier Plotter database was used to explore the effect of GGPS1 expression on prognosis in LUSC patients. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were applied to screen gene correlation coefficients and risk scores. The diagnostic value of GGPS1 for LUSC was evaluated by nomogram and calibration curve. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of GGPS1 was constructed by using STRING and GeneMANIA databases. R language was used to select the differential genes related to GGPS1, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed. The expression of GGPS1 in LUSC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry, and its correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed.Results·Through the TIMER2.0 database, it was found that GGPS1 expression was increased in most tumors and was highly expressed in LUSC. The expression of GGPS1 in LUSC was higher than that in adjacent tissues in UCSC Xena and UALCAN databases (both P

Litterfall is a link in the energy flow and material cycling of ecosystems, which maintain the primary productivity of forests. However, there is no consensus regarding the factors driving for the litterfall biomass dynamics because of the high spatial–temporal heterogeneity. Herein, we investigated and compared the stand litter biomass, litterfall biomass, including its components in the pure Robinia pseudoacacia forest (RL), pure Platycladus orientalis forest (PL), and mixed forest of Robinia pseudoacacia and Platycladus orientalis (ML) from 2020 to 2022 in the gully erosion area of the Loess Plateau. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to study the relationships among the amount of stand litter, litterfall biomass, and seasonal temperature and precipitation. Significant variation was found in the seasonal and annual litterfall biomass of the three types of forest stands. Annual stand litter biomass was in the order PL > RL > ML, whereas the annual litterfall biomass was in the order RL > ML > PL. The seasonal dynamics of litterfall biomass of twigs, leaf and fruits exhibited a ‘unimodal pattern’ with a peak in October. Annual leaf litterfall biomass formed, the main body of litter in all the components, accounting for 57.14–67.05 % of the total litterfall biomass. The correlation and regression analysis results showed that the stand litter biomass was primarily affected by the average temperature. Total litterfall biomass and twigs, leaf, and fruits were significantly affected by the precipitation and the maximum temperature, however, flower litterfall biomass was mainly affected by the average temperature. Overall, our results indicated that temperature plays a key role in the climatic factors affecting forest litterfall processes, while different climatic conditions and biological characteristics probably caused the differences in litterfall biomass. In the long term, temperature will potentially play a leading role in altering carbon storage and nutrient cycling as the climate warms.

In order to develop a self-lubricating coating with long life and high reliability suitable for harsh working conditions, the composite coating with NiCoCrAlYTa as matrix phase, Ag as lubricant phase and Mo as the reinforcing phase were prepared by high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying（HVOF）technology. The high-low temperature cycling tribological properties of the composite coating were investigated at 25 ℃ and 800 ℃. The morphology features, chemical composition and phase structure of the worn surface were studied to reveal the interaction between different elements in the friction process and physicochemical nature of friction interface. In addition, the multi-cycles adaptive lubrication mechanism under the alternating environment of high and low temperature was explored as well. The results show that the composite coating is dense and uniform, and has better mechanical properties. The phases of the composite coating mainly contain γ-Ni, β-NiAl, γ'-Ni3Al, Ag and Mo. The β-Ag2MoO4 layer-like lubricant generated on the surface can greatly improve the friction and wear performance of the composite coating at high temperature. Under the condition of multi-cycles, the friction coefficient of subsequent cycle of the composite coating is increased compared with the first cycle, but the wear rate of the composite coating at room temperature is decreased. This is caused by the interaction between the lubricating phase of β-Ag2MoO4 and the hard phases of Al2O3 and MoO3 with the action of frictional shear force.

Improving the efficiency of curriculum education and student management according to the changing characteristics of the social environment is of great significance to the construction of a perfect social and cultural system. This paper constructs a fusion model of student management and curriculum education, taking into account the weaknesses and outstanding problems in both areas. In order to accurately control the behavior of university students, a student behavior prediction method based on the fusion model is proposed, which first uses the k-means clustering method to cluster the daily activity frequency sequences of all users and then realizes the prediction of the individual mobility of students through the LSTM model based on the historical records, and extracts the collective location preference of each user cluster. The effectiveness of the proposed fusion model is assessed using BJ University Daxing Campus as a case study. The results show that after applying the model proposed in this paper, students’ perceptual, language expression, language comprehension, cognitive, social, emotional, and behavioral abilities are improved by 0.941~1.256 points compared with those before the application of the model, with a significant difference of P

This paper summarized the experience of dressing changes and wound care for a patient with skin tissue necrosis caused by extravasation of norepinephrine. After assessment of patient’s general conditions and multidisciplinary team consultation, the effective dressing changes and wound care plan using the Tissue, Infection, Moisture, Edge (TIME) framework and Traditional Chinese Medicine external treatment was carried out. Considerable efforts were also made to enhance the basic nursing, nutrition support and psychological care during the hospitalization. (本文总结1例去甲肾上腺素外渗引起右下肢大面积皮肤组织损伤患者的换药护理体会。经全身评估及多学科会诊, 根据伤口管理的TIME原则以及中医外治理论实施有效的换药处理, 同时加强基础护理、营养支持和心理护理。)

TiO2 film has the advantage of good photochemical stability and it can be used for self-cleaning glasses. However, due to the wide band gap, the spectral response range of TiO2 film is restricted to the ultraviolet region. In this work, based on the research of TiO2 thin films, multilayer TiN/Ag/Cu2O/TiO2 films were designed and successfully prepared. The structure and properties of the obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, spectral ellipsometry (SE), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer. The results show that p-n heterojunction will be formed between Cu2O and TiO2 in the multilayer film, thus reducing the band gap of TiO2 film. Based on the analysis of the photocatalytic mechanism of the multilayer films, a conclusion may be drawn that the designed multilayer film is helpful to improve the photocatalytic efficiency of titanium dioxide and expand its utilization of sunlight.

The in situ metabolic profiling of the kidney is crucial to investigate the complex metabolic reprogramming underlying diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and to allow exploration of potential metabolic targets to improve kidney function. However, as the kidney is a highly heterogeneous organ, traditional metabolomic methods based on bulk analysis that produce an averaged measurement are inadequate. Herein, we employed an in situ metabolomics approach to discover alternations of DKD-associated metabolites and metabolic pathways. A series of histology-specific metabolic disturbances were discovered in situ using airflow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AFADESI–MSI). In combination with integrated metabolomics analysis, five dysfunctional metabolic pathways were identified and located in the kidneys of type-2 DKD mice simultaneously for the first time, including taurine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, histidine metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and fatty acid degradation pathways. As crucial nodes of metabolic pathways, five dysregulated rate-limiting enzymes related to altered metabolic pathways were further identified. These findings reveal alternations from metabolites to enzymes at the molecular level in the progression of DKD and provide insights into DKD-associated metabolic reprogramming.

C45H48N2O5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 21.3971(8) Å, b = 15.2249(6) Å, c = 11.2610(5) Å, β = 92.125(4)°, V = 3666.0(3) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0519, wRref(F2) = 0.1308, T = 128.15 K.

Carbamoyl benzotriazoles were conveniently synthesized in one-pot from carboxylic acids, diphenylphosphorazidate (DPPA) and benzotriazole (BtH). The reactivity and applications of carbamoyl benzotriazoles were also explored. Carbamoyl benzotriazoles react smoothly with amino acids, hydrazines and alcohols respectively, thus providing facile access to the corresponding ureas, hydrazinecarboxamides and carbamic esters in good to excellent yields.

This paper compares the advantages and disadvantages of OTN, SDH, WDM, ASON and other transmission and switching technologies, as well as the carrying schemes, and focuses on the analysis of the advantages of OTN-based ASON network in networking, capacity expansion, protection and other aspects.

Efficient regioselective conjugate additions of thiophenols and benzotriazole to 4-aryl-4-oxobut-2-enoates have been achieved under mild conditions. Thus a variety of 2-arylthio-4-oxo-4-arylbutanoates and 2- benzotriazolyl-4-oxo-4-arylbutanoates were conveniently synthesized in good to excellent yields.

Data of logging-while-drilling (LWD) log, formation pressure from MDT (modular formation dynamics tester) measurement, and production performance are used to study the relationship between depletion degree (formation pressure), initial production GOR (gas oil ratio) of single well and LWD response of depletion development in reservoirs. The results indicate that the overlap between density and neutron porosity curves from LWD data are related to reservoir depletion degree and production GOR when the formation pressure is less than the bubble point pressure. Larger overlap between the two curves corresponds to lower formation pressure and higher GOR. The relationship between the formation pressure, production GOR and porosity difference between density and neutron porosities can be derived from multi-analysis and regression. Through the analysis of the actual data from Block II of DLL Oilfield, empirical formulas have been established to predict formation pressure and production GOR from the porosity difference between density and neutron porosities. The predicted results correspond with MDT measurements and production GOR data, which proves the high reliability of the methods. Key words: Depletion degree, production GOR, LWD, density porosity, neutron porosity, carbonate reservoir

Background: The increasing burden of mental health problems continues in the post-COVID-19 era, and nursing interns were particularly likely to experience negative emotions during the pandemic. Both psychological resilience and social support affect negative emotion, but the relationship among the three has not been explored in nursing interns in the postpandemic era. Objectives: To explore the current prevalence of negative emotions among nursing interns and the role of psychological resilience in mediating the relationship between social support and negative emotions in the postpandemic era. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 788 nursing interns was conducted. The instruments included Psychological Resilience Scale, Social Support Scale, Beck Anxiety Scale and Beck Depression Scale. Structural equation modeling was applied to analyze the mediating role of psychological resilience. Results: The prevalence of anxiety disorder among nursing interns was 24.7%, while that of depression was 10.5%. Pearson correlation analysis showed that both social support and psychological resilience negatively correlated with negative emotions, while psychological resilience positively correlated with social support. Psychological resilience showed a partial mediating effect (53.9%) between social support and negative emotion, with an effect value of -0.1456. Conclusion: Psychological resilience and social support protect nursing students from negative emotions, and psychological resilience partially mediates the relationship between social support and negative emotion in the postpandemic era.