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Objective Digital rail transit of rubber-tyred train (DRT) features a complex running structure with multiple carriages and axles, significantly differing from conventional rubber-tyred trains. Therefore, it is necessary to design a full-axle steering control strategy based on the design and response parameters of the steering system to achieve smooth, safe, and efficient operation of DRT. Method Models of single-car, double-car, and multiple-car vehicles are established for DRT. By successfully simplifying the complex three-car model into a four-degree-of-freedom rigid body motion model, the steering control problem of DRT is transformed into a kinematic control problem for four control points. A full-axle steering control strategy for DRT is proposed. Result & Conclusion MATLAB software simulation results demonstrate that the proposed full-axle steering control strategy can limit the deviation of the motion trajectory of DRT within 10 cm.

Laser repair technology has the advantages of short time, high efficiency, low cost and good mechanical properties, and has great development potential. Al-7.5Mg-0.3Sc-0.28Zr was used as the repair material to conduct laser repair experiments on 5083-H112 aluminum alloy used in rail transit, and a dense and defect-free repair sample was obtained. The microstructure and properties of the sample were studied, and the feasibility of laser repair of aluminum alloy was discussed. The results show that the transition zone near the fusion line can be divided into repair zone, partial melting zone, heat affected zone and base metal. The grains in the repaired area are completely equiaxed, consisting of a fine-grained band with an average grain size of 4.95 μm and a coarse-grained region of 18.34 μm respectively. In the transition area from the repair zone to the partial melting zone and then to the heat affected zone, the content of Al element gradually increases, the content of Mg element gradually decreases, and the hardness decreases gradually. The heat-affected zone and the base metal are not softened after the repair. Due to the rapid solidification of laser additive manufacturing technology, the fine-grain band near the fusion line has larger stress concentration, and the residual stress in the heat affected zone and partial melting zone is small due to the small heat input. The yield strength of the repaired sample of (152±2) MPa is 89.4% of the base metal, the tensile strength of (305±5) MPa is 100% of the base metal, and the elongation rate of (15.5±0.5)% is 85.2% of the base metal. Fracture occurs in the weaker base metal. Laser repair of aluminum alloys is feasible and has broad application prospects.

The efficient healing of skin wounds and tissue wounds has been the focus of clinical research. The complex process of body wound healing and various influencing factors make it more important to construct multifunctional composite wound tissue engineering materials that can meet all requirements. Black phosphorus (BP) is a multifunctional two-dimensional material with good biocompatibility, oxidative stress regulation ability, photothermal effect, and antibacterial ability. It has been widely used in biomedical engineering. In this review, the pathophysiological process and influencing factors of wound healing will be briefly introduced. On this basis, the properties, preparation methods, application status, and mechanism of action of BP in wound tissue engineering will be introduced in detail. This study will provide a reference for the further application of BP in wound tissue engineering materials by subsequent researchers.

ABSTRACT: Plumage color is an important economic trait for breed feature identification and consumer's requirements in pigeons. The domestic pigeon has multiple types of plumage color, thereby providing a unique opportunity to identify the genetic basis of plumage coloration. White feather color is common for meat and medicinal use. To investigate the genetic variation associated with white plumage color in pigeons, we use genome resequencing and population genomics to identify the genomic regions with strong selective signature between pigeons with brown and white plumage color. Meanwhile, we obtained some candidate genes with melanin or melanosome biosynthesis in selected regions. Finally, we identified a missense mutation p.E256K in the EDNRB2 completely associated with white plumage color. These findings provide a basis for genetic variation in pigeons with plumage color phenotype.

Objective To explore the expression of miR-101-3p in gastric cancer and its mechanism on the invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of gastric cancer cells by targeting the STC-1 gene to regulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-101-3p and STC-1 mRNA in gastric cancer tissues and BGC-823 cell and analyze the relationship between miR-101-3p expression and patients' clinical pathological factors. The cells were transfected with miRNA mimics and plasmids separately or in combination with LipofectamineTM 2000. TargetScanHuman prediction and dual-luciferase assay were used to verify the targeted regulation of miR-101-3p on STC-1. The effect and possible mechanism of miR-101-3p targeting the STC-1 gene on the invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of cancer cells were verified by scratch test, Transwell chamber test, Matrigel in vitro tube forming test, and Western blot assay. The development of the transplanted tumor was detected by nude mouse tumorigenicity test. Results The expression of STC-1 in gastric cancer tissues was higher than that in normal tissues. Compared with normal gastric tissues and GES-1 cells, miR-101-3p was down-regulated, and STC-1 mRNA was up-regulated in gastric cancer tissues and BGC-823 cell. The level of miR-101-3p was negatively correlated with the level of STC-1, and significantly correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). miR-101-3p directly targeted STC-1. The overexpression of miR-101-3p inhibited STC-1 expression and downregulated the expression of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF, and Ang2, consequently, inhibited tumor cell invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis and reduced the size and weight of the transplanted tumors (P < 0.05). Conclusion miR-101-3p is down-regulated in gastric cancer and can target the STC-1 gene to regulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and inhibit the invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of BGC-823 gastric cancer cells and the development of transplanted tumors in vivo.

In order to evaluate the water quality changes of Dahai Lake in Inner Mongolia, the water quality monitoring data of Dahai Lake from 2008 to 2021 were used as an example, and the improved Nemero pollution index method and the principal component analysis method were used to evaluate the water quality changes of Dahai Lake. The results show that the two evaluation methods of Daihai Lake evaluation of water quality change trend results are basically the same, are able to fully reflect the comprehensive level of water quality pollution, but each evaluation method has disadvantages, the improved Nemero pollution index method can not reflect the contribution of each pollutant, the principal component analysis method can not evaluate the water quality category. Therefore, the combination of two methods, the improved Nemero pollution index method and the principal component analysis method, can complement and support each other's evaluation conclusions, and the evaluation results are more accurate and objective, and can reflect the changes in the water quality of Daihai Lake in a comprehensive manner.

ABSTRACT: Chlorophyll is a major factor affecting photosynthesis; and consequently, crop growth and yield. In this study, we devised a chlorophyll-content detection model for millet leaves in different stages of growth based on hyperspectral data. The hyperspectral images of millet leaves were obtained under a wavelength range of 380-1000 nm using a hyperspectral imager. Threshold segmentation was performed with near-infrared (NIR) reflectance and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to intelligently acquire the regions of interest (ROI). Furthermore, raw spectral data were preprocessed using multivariate scatter correction (MSC). A correlation coefficient-successive projections algorithm (CC-SPA) was used to extract the characteristic wavelengths, and the characteristic parameters were extracted based on the spectral and image information. A partial least squares regression (PLSR) prediction model was established based on the single characteristic parameter and multi-characteristic parameter fusion. The determination coefficient (Rv 2) and the root-mean-square error (RMSEv) of the validation set for the multi-characteristic parameter fusion model were reported to be 0.813 and 1.766, respectively, which are higher than those obtained by the single characteristic parameter model. Based on the multi-characteristic parameter fusion, an attention-convolutional neural network (attention-CNN) (Rv 2 = 0.839, RMSEv = 1.451, RPD = 2.355) was established, which is more effective than the PLSR (Rv 2 = 0.813, RMSEv = 1.766, RPD = 2.167) and least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) models (Rv 2 = 0.806, RMSEv = 1.576, RPD = 2.061). These results indicated that the combination of hyperspectral imaging and attention-CNN is beneficial to the application of nutrient element monitoring of crops.

Abstract Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), characterized by a deficiency in the quantity and/or quality of dental enamel, is genetically heterogeneous and phenotypically variable. The most severe type, hypocalcified AI, is mostly caused by truncating mutations in the FAM83H gene. This study aimed to identify genetic mutations in four Chinese families with hypocalcified AI. We performed mutation analysis by sequencing the candidate FAM83H gene. Three novel mutations (c.931dupC, p.V311Rfs*13; c.1130_1131delinsAA, p.S377X; and c.1147 G > T, p.E383X) and one previously reported mutation (c.973 C > T, p.R325X) in the last exon of FAM83H gene were identified. Furthermore, constructs expressing Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged wild-type and three novel mutant FAM83Hs were transfected into rat dental epithelial cells (SF2 cells). Wild-type FAM83H-GFP was localized exclusively in the cytoplasm, especially in the area surrounding the nucleus, while the mutant FAM83H-GFPs (p.V311Rfs*13, p.S377X, and p.E383X) were localized predominantly in the nucleus, with lower levels in the cytoplasm.

Ubiquitination is a major post-translational modification involved in nearly all aspects of eukaryotic biology. Previous RNA-Seq studies showed that ubiquitination plays essential roles in the heat tolerance of Saccharina japonica, but to date, large-scale profiling of the ubiquitome in S. japonica has not been reported. To better understand the regulatory roles of ubiquitination in heat responses of S. japonica, we investigated its ubiquitome under normal and heat stress by the combination of affinity enrichment and high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy analysis. Altogether, 3305 lysine ubiquitination sites in 1562 protein groups were identified. After normalization, 152 lysine ubiquitination sites in 106 proteins were significantly upregulated and 208 lysine ubiquitination sites in 131 proteins were significantly downregulated in response to heat stress. Protein annotation and functional analysis suggested that ubiquitination modulates a variety of essential cellular and physiological processes, including but not limited to the ubiquitin-26S proteasome system, ribosome, carbohydrate metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation. Our results provide a global view of the heat response ubiquitome in S. japonica, and could facilitate future studies on the physiological roles of these ubiquitination-related proteins.

Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) is a systematic approach to tracking and documenting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and emission reductions. MRV can be used across all sectors and for all GHGs to track emissions patterns, evaluate programs, and promote transparency. As methane and other short-lived climate pollutants become critical to mitigating near-term climate change impacts, MRV systems become critical in improving emission inventories; facilitating the development of climate change policies and targets, and tracking and demonstrating progress towards sustainable development. This report focuses on current sectoral issues – including the emerging roles for satellites and remote sensing technologies - and international best practices in MRV policies and programs for non-carbon dioxide (CO2) GHGs including methane, nitrous oxide (N2O), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in specific sectors. Based on international best practices and a review of China’s current MRV system, we offer suggestions for a possible path forward for developing and implementing a stronger non-CO2 MRV system.