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Objective: This study aims to investigate the safety of Shu-Xue-Ning injection (SXNI) in real-world clinical applications.Methods: A prospective, multi-center, large-sample intensive monitoring method was used to monitor the use of SXNI in several medical institutions across China while collecting patients’ dosing and adverse event information. Patients who suspected as adverse reactions made comparisons with patients who did not report adverse reactions to calculate the correlation between relevant risk factors and suspected adverse reactions. Statistical analysis software SAS 9.1 was used for data analysis.Results: A total of 48 hospitals participated in this intensive monitoring study of SXNI, and 30,122 patients were monitored from July 2015 to December 2018. A total of 1,908 adverse events were reported during the use of SXNI, with an adverse event rate of 6.33% and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 6.06%–6.61%. Association assessment showed that 54 cases presented with SXNI-related adverse reactions with an incidence of 0.18% and a 95% CI of 0.13%–0.23%, thereby indicating that the incidence of SXNI-related adverse reactions was occasional. SXNI-related adverse reactions involved 9 systems-organs with 20 clinical manifestations, and the most common adverse reactions were rash, pruritus, and other damages of skin and its appendages. No serious adverse reactions were observed; 27.78% of the adverse reactions occurred within 30 min of drug administration and more than half of them occurred within 2 h of drug administration; 96.3% of the adverse reactions were cured or improved. Causal analysis showed that women, long dispensing time, and slow dripping speed rate were considered as risk factors.Conclusion: The incidence of SXNI-related adverse reactions in real-world clinical applications is occasional and in a reasonable range with a good prognosis.

The viscosity characteristic is an important factor affecting the holding rate of the meal-assisting instrument. The effects of shear rheological properties, thixotropy, and pasting properties of xanthan gum (XG), guar gum (GG), and thorn bean gum (TBG) in deionized water, berry juice (BJ), and nut lotus root starch (NLRS) were investigated using a rotational viscometer and a water bath, respectively. The results indicated that all samples exhibited non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior, the flow behavior index (n) was less than 0.5 indicating strong pseudoplasticity, the consistency index (K) decreased sequentially from TBG, GG, to XG, and there was a significant difference between yield stress and concentration (P < 0.05). The hysteresis loop area (∆S) decreases sequentially from NLRS, BJ, to DIW, and the activation energy (Ea{E}_{{\rm{a}}}) decreases significantly with the increase in concentration (P < 0.05). This study has a reference value for improving the holding rate of sticky meals.

According to the characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid, in this thesis, there are designs of a set of adaptive, flexible auxiliary supporting device units, which can be used to develop the processing accuracy of complex curved parts with weak rigidity. The magnetic field of the device is simulated by comsol using finite elements to determine its magnetic strength. It establishes the milling and positioning models of the workpieces with weak stiffness based on the magnetorheological effect, analyzing the positioning constraint models under the auxiliary support, calculating the deformation of the work pieces under static state, studying the influence of the device on the quality of the workpieces. It set up a milling test platform based on magnetorheological auxiliary support, milling parts with weak stiffness under the conditions of different current parameters, collecting acceleration signals for analysis by labview platform data acquisition system, measuring the surface roughness of the milling process. The results agree that, under the action of the magnetorheological auxiliary support, in comparison with the unsupported state, the vibration amplitude is reduced 46.9% to 75.7%, and the surface roughness of the workpieces with weak rigidity is about 69.89% to 80.61% lower.

Precipitation is the main water source of apple production in northern China. Under the background of climate change, it is of great significance for apple planning to study the apple water requirement and precipitation suitability. Based on daily meteorological data and 1 km resolution digital elevation data of 210 meteorological stations in the study area and its surrounding area, the minimum humidity method is used to estimate the daily crop coefficient (Kc), and the spatial interpolation software ANUSPLIN based on spline function interpolation theory is applied. Then the water requirement and precipitation suitability of apple are calculated. According to the geographical distribution of the main planting area and percentile method, the threshold value range of precipitation suitability and optimal critical value of precipitation suitability are determined respectively. Using geographic information system (GIS) software ArcGIS, coefficient of variation, climate tendency rate and other related mathematical statistical methods, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of apple water requirement and precipitation suitability in the study area are analyzed, and the precipitation suitability index model of apple in whole growth period is constructed to evaluate the precipitation suitability. Results show that, the average annual water requirement in most areas is 500-800 mm, accounting for 87.1% of the study area. The average water requirement in the main planting areas is basically 500-800 mm.The ratios of the average water requirement in the germination and young fruit stage, fruit expanding stage and coloring and maturity stage to the annual average water demand are 0.186-0.282, 0.392-0.562 and 0.159-0.282, respectively. The threshold ranges of precipitation suitability of apple in the annual, germination and young fruit stage, fruit expanding stage and coloring and maturity stage are 0.49-2.07, 0.25-1.70, 0.54-2.25 and 0.46-2.65, respectively. The optimal threshold values are 0.71, 0.55, 0.82 and 0.56, respectively. Therefore 85.4%, 87.4%, 85.6% and 84.9% of the study area are suitable during each stage. The area from the most suitable critical value to the balance of water supply and demand account for 39.8%, 36.9%, 20.4% and 47.1% of the study area. The most suitable, sub suitable and unsuitable areas in the whole growth stage of apple account for 31.9%, 50.6% and 17.5% of the study area, respectively.

The control of Fano resonances is of critical importance to opto-electronic and all-optical switching devices, light delay and storage, high sensitivity sensors, and quantum information processors. In this paper, we experimentally and theoretically demonstrate that controllable electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like and Fano resonances can be achieved in a single quasi-cylindrical microresonator (QCMR). Robust and selective excitation of localized axial modes in a high quality QCMR is firstly demonstrated. Based on this stable platform, EIT-like lineshapes can be tuned and converted into Fano resonances by vertically moving the resonator. Moreover, by horizontally scanning the resonator, the transmission spectrum exhibits periodically changed Fano-like lineshapes. It is reported for the first time that the above two kinds of Fano resonances originated from different mechanisms can work on the same mode simultaneously. Our approach, demonstrated in this work, provides a robust photonic platform for accessing, controlling, and engineering the Fano resonances.

Microsphere resonators supporting whispering gallery modes (WGMs) have been extensively applied for considerable fields including narrow linewidth filters, high-sensitivity sensors, and nonlinear optics. We numerically demonstrate a coated microsphere resonator with three layers of high, low, high refractive-index (RI) from inside to outside. A phase matched waveguide is used to overlap the WGMs evanescent radiation field. Eigen-mode, relative intensity spectra, electromagnetic (EM) field distributions are observed to analyze resonant characteristics of WGMs by using the finite difference time domain method. As a result, two brilliant rings with strong EM fields distribute in two high-RI layers. By optimizing the gap distance between the microsphere and waveguide, the WGMs of two high-RI layer are efficiently excited. More energy is stored in such a structure rather than a single-layer-coated microsphere. Our approach provides the RI sensing application with such a triple-layer-coated structure.

The respiratory tree maintains sterilizing immunity against human fungal pathogens. Humans inhale ubiquitous filamentous molds and geographically restricted dimorphic fungal pathogens that form small airborne conidia. In addition, pathogenic yeasts, exemplified by encapsulated Cryptococcus species, and Pneumocystis pose significant fungal threats to the lung. Classically, fungal pneumonia occurs in immune compromised individuals, specifically in patients with HIV/AIDS, in patients with hematologic malignancies, in organ transplant recipients, and in patients treated with corticosteroids and targeted biologics that impair fungal immune surveillance in the lung. The emergence of fungal co-infections during severe influenza and COVID-19 underscores the impairment of fungus-specific host defense pathways in the lung by respiratory viruses and by medical therapies to treat viral infections. Beyond life-threatening invasive syndromes, fungal antigen exposure can exacerbate allergenic disease in the lung. In this review, we discuss emerging principles of lung-specific antifungal immunity, integrate the contributions and cooperation of lung epithelial, innate immune, and adaptive immune cells to mucosal barrier immunity, and highlight the pathogenesis of fungal-associated allergenic disease. Improved understanding of fungus-specific immunity in the respiratory tree has paved the way to develop improved diagnostic, pre-emptive, therapeutic, and vaccine approaches for fungal diseases of the lung.

3D models play an important role in modern product design, and there has been a large number of models stored in enterprise database. Reuse of existing models takes a large proportion of new product design. Model search technology helps find existing models which is to be reused. At present there are three model search methods including text-based, content-based and semantic-based. Embedding knowledge into models filled models with abundant semantic information, which supports model search indexing. Embedding knowledge into models filled models with abundant semantic information, which supports model search indexing. A 3D model search method based on combination of design knowledge and model features is proposed. The technical connotation of the proposed method is introduced and an example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Neutrophils are critical for the direct eradication of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia, but whether they mediate antifungal defense beyond their role as effectors is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that neutrophil depletion impairs the activation of protective antifungal CCR2+ inflammatory monocytes. In the absence of neutrophils, monocytes displayed limited differentiation into monocyte-derived dendritic cells, reduced formation of reactive oxygen species, and diminished conidiacidal activity. Upstream regulator analysis of the transcriptional response in monocytes predicted a loss of STAT1-dependent signals as the potential basis for the dysfunction seen in neutrophil-depleted mice. We find that conditional removal of STAT1 on CCR2+ cells results in diminished antifungal monocyte responses, whereas exogenous administration of IFN-γ to neutrophil-depleted mice restores monocyte-derived dendritic cell maturation and reactive oxygen species production. Altogether, our findings support a critical role for neutrophils in antifungal immunity not only as effectors but also as important contributors to antifungal monocyte activation, in part by regulating STAT1-dependent functions.

Purpose. To observe the protecting effects and mechanisms of Baicalin and Octreotide on heart injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods. The SAP rat models were randomly divided into the model group, Baicalin-treated group, Octreotide treated group, and sham operation group. The contents of some inflammatory indexes in blood were determined. The rat mortality, pathological changes of heart, the changes of NF-κB, P-Selectin, Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 protein expression levels as well as apoptotic index were observed in all groups, respectively, at 3 hours, 6 hours, and 12 hours after operation. Results. The survival rate of model group was less than treated groups at 12 hours, difference was significant. The contents of some inflammatory indexes of the treated groups were lower than those of the model group to various degrees at different time points. The pathological myocardial changes under light microscope were milder in treated groups than in model group. The changes of NF-κB, P-Selectin, Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 protein expression levels in all groups were different. There was only a case of myocardial cell apoptosis in an Octreotide-treated group at 6 hours. Conclusion. Baicalin and Octreotide have protecting effects on heart injury of rats with SAP.