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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of hearing loss with atherogenic index (AI) in the general population.

Paneth cells (PCs), a specialized secretory cell type in the small intestine, are increasingly recognized as having an essential role in host responses to microbiome and environmental stresses. Whether and how commensal and pathogenic microbes modify PC composition to modulate inflammation remain unclear. Using newly developed PC-reporter mice under conventional and gnotobiotic conditions, we determined PC transcriptomic heterogeneity in response to commensal and invasive microbes at single cell level. Infection expands the pool of CD74+ PCs, whose number correlates with auto or allogeneic inflammatory disease progressions in mice. Similar correlation was found in human inflammatory disease tissues. Infection-stimulated cytokines increase production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of a PC-specific mucosal pentraxin (Mptx2) in activated PCs. A PC-specific ablation of MyD88 reduced CD74+ PC population, thus ameliorating pathogen-induced systemic disease. A similar phenotype was also observed in mice lacking Mptx2. Thus, infection stimulates expansion of a PC subset that influences disease progression.

The current understanding of the correlation between insulin resistance (IR) and cognitive dysfunction is limited. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the association between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, a recently suggested indicator of IR, and cognitive impairment and dementia in the adult population. Observational studies pertinent to our research were identified through comprehensive searches of the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. To account for potential heterogeneity, the random-effects models were employed to aggregate the findings. This meta-analysis included ten observational studies involving 5602409 participants. Compared to those with the low TyG index, subjects with the high TyG index were significantly associated with the risk of cognitive impairment [risk ratio (RR): 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22 to 1.59, p<0.001; I2=45%) and dementia (RR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.60, p=0.01; I2=50%). The association was consistent for Alzheimer's disease (RR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.76, p=0.03; I2=54%) and vascular dementia (RR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.24, p<0.001; I2=0%). Subgroup analyses showed that the association between TyG index with cognitive impairment and dementia were stronger in cross-sectional studies than that in cohort studies (p for subgroup difference=0.02), but not significantly modified by age, sex, or diabetic status of the participants. In conclusion, a high TyG index may be associated with higher risk of cognitive impartment and dementia in adult population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the basic pavement performance of high-elastic asphalt concrete filled in the expansion longitudinal joints of seamless bridges, rubber particles and polyester fibers were added to optimize the mix proportion of elastic asphalt concrete, and the optimal asphalt–aggregate ratio was determined. The influence of rubber particles and polyester fibers on the basic pavement performance of high-elastic asphalt concrete was studied. The results show that when the dosage of polyester fiber is not more than 0.6%, the optimal asphalt–aggregate ratio is 1:5, and when it exceeds 0.6%, the optimal asphalt–aggregate ratio is 1:4. The incorporation of rubber particles reduces the compressive strength of high-elastic asphalt concrete but enhances its high-temperature stability, fracture performance, and deformation recovery ability. The incorporation of polyester fibers improves its compressive strength, high-temperature stability, fracture performance, and deformation recovery ability. In addition, the incorporation of rubber granules and polyester fibers promotes the use of green building materials and provides strong support for sustainable building practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we described a novel process for separating Li and Fe from spent LiFePO4 power battery cathode materials. The phase evolution and the reaction mechanism of the LiFePO4-NaHSO4·H2O system during the roasting and water leaching process were studied by TG-DSC, XRD, SEM, thermodynamics, and ICP. At 25°C–600°C, the LiFePO4-NaHSO4·H2O system exhibited significant weight loss and endothermic phenomena. The results show that the phase transition of LiFePO4-NaHSO4·H2O system with the increase of NaHSO4·H2O added as follows: LiFePO4, NaHSO4·H2O → Li3Fe2(PO4)3, Fe2O3, LiNaSO4 → Li3Fe2(PO4)3, Fe2(SO4)3, LiNaSO4 → LiNaSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, NaFeP2O7. The surface of the roasted product particles became flat and dense, and plate-like crystal precipitation occurred. The reaction mechanism of the roasting process may be as follows: the production of SO3(g) promoted the transformation of Li3Fe2(PO4)3 and Fe2O3 into LiNaSO4 and Fe2(SO4)3, Li3PO4 is converted into metallic sulfates prior to FePO4, and P 2 O 7 4 - was more stable than PO 4 3 - at higher temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]