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Objective To perform the noninvasive genetic typing of α-thalassemia (--SEA) by deep sequencing of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal plasma using high-throughput sequencing technology. Methods α-thalassemia genotyping was performed on cffDNA maternal plasma of 34 pregnant women was isolated from bloods.It was performed that a series of next generation sequencing operations based on Ion Proton platform, including cffDNA extraction, library construction and hybridization, template preparation and enrichment, and sequencing.Multivariate Bayesian probability model was used to evaluate the probability of Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome of fetus.Subsequently, fetal DNA was extracted from amniotic fluids of pregnant women.Gap-PCR was performed to genotype α-thalassemia, and the coincidence rate of cffDNA from maternal plasma was compared with that of the fetal DNA from amniotic fluids. Results The results of cffDNA genotyping in plasma of 34 pregnant women were compared with those of amniotic fluid DNA.Twenty-eight cases were consistent, 4 cases were inconsistent, and 2 cases were unknown because the pregnant women did not receive prenatal diagnosis.The ultimate coincidence rate was 87.5%. Conclusion The identification of Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome (--SEA/--SEA) is successful with a high level of coincidence rate through cffDNA in plasma of pregnant women.

Aspergillus oryzae is an important strain used widely in the brewing industry, and its fermentation characteristics are directly related to the quality and production efficiency of the final products. Therefore, it is particularly important to breed an excellent strain of Aspergillus oryzae. In this article, the latest progress in the screening and improvement of Aspergillus oryzae is reviewed from the following aspects: natural screening, physical mutagenesis, chemical mutagenesis, protoplast fusion, combined mutagenesis, genetic engineering breeding and other technologies. We hope that this review can help researchers in this field find new ideas and also can provide a basis for the production and application of Aspergillus oryzae strains.

Tandem photovoltaics consisting of a wide-bandgap top cell and a narrow-bandgap bottom cell have shown great potential to exceed current single-junction photovoltaics. To maximize the dual junction benefit, significant research is needed in selecting and optimizing the structure of both solar devices. This work reports the optimization of tandem solar cells with a CIGS solar cell as the bottom cell and a 2D–3D perovskite solar cell (PSC) as the top cell via numerical simulations using SCAPS-1D. The performances of the PSCs were optimized by varying the bandgaps of the 2D–3D perovskite and the thickness of the perovskite layer. The bottom p-CIGS/n-GaSe heterojunction solar cell was also optimized in terms of the thicknesses of the p-type/n-type layer and defect densities. The top PSC and bottom CIGS solar cells individually displayed maximum power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of ∼21.41% and ∼12.98%, respectively. This simulation study was carried out for tandem solar cells by matching the optical behavior of the bottom cells with the calculated spectra of 2D–3D PSCs. Proper matching with CIGS cells in the tandem device was performed by varying the thickness of the perovskite layer with respect to different bandgaps. With the optimized 2D–3D perovskite/CIGS tandem device, over ∼30% PCE was recorded. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a 2D–3D perovskite solar cell/GIGS–GaSe heterojunction solar cell based tandem device has been optimized via numerical simulation. Based on our findings, a low-cost GIGS–GaSe heterojunction solar cell can be optimized as the bottom cell to fabricate efficient 2D–3D perovskite tandem solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]