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The dense subgraph search problem is one of the most important graph analysis problems.It is widely used in many fields,such as the social user correlation analysis in social networks,the community discovery in the Web,etc.However,the current research focuses on searching dense subgraphs on static graphs.In practical application,temporal information has an important impact on the query of dense subgraphs,which makes the topology structure of graphs change constantly with time sequences,and the amount of information contained also increases dramatically.Therefore,the existing searching methods for static graphs are no longer applicable to temporal graphs.Hence,it is still a challenge to search dense subgraphs efficiently on a temporal graph.In order to solve the above challenge,this paper first defines the Top-k densest temporal subgraphs searching problems in a standardized way.Then,to address the above challenge,this paper proposes an approximate searching algorithm DTS-base based on threshold according to the topology of the graph and the similarity between edges containing time tags.Furthermore,an optimization algorithm DTS-opt based on the fast calculation of maximum similarity time slice is proposed in order to accelerate the convergence speed.Finally,experiments on real data sets demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the proposed algorithms.

Objectives: Endovascular treatment (EVT) is an alternative method used to treat isolated dissection of the celiac artery (IDCA). However, only a few mid-term results have been reported. This study aimed to analyze and compare the outcomes of endovascular and non-operative therapies for IDCA. Methods: Data from a cohort of consecutive IDCA patients enrolled in the study hospital between April 2012 and September 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic information, imaging features, treatment modalities, and follow-up results of celiac artery remodeling and adverse events were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 87 patients were enrolled in the study. Stents were deployed in 68 patients, and non-operative treatment (blood pressure control and pain management) was continued in the remaining 19 patients who did not receive stenting; among these 19 patients, EVT failed in 6. The mean follow-up period was 37.3 (range, 10–85 months) and 44.0 (range, 9–80 months) months in the EVT and non-operative groups, respectively. During follow-up, the overall complete remodeling (absence of residual dissection with no false lumen or no intramural thrombus) rate was significantly higher in the EVT group than in the non-operative group (87.3% vs 7.1%, p<0.001). The incomplete remodeling (improved true lumen with malabsorption or partial thrombosis of the false lumen) rate was not significantly different between the EVT and non-operative groups (6.3% vs 14.3%; p=0.2984). Meanwhile, the adverse event-free survival rates were 89.0%, 67.0%, and 67.0% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively, in the EVT group compared with 39.7% and 29.8% at 1 and 3 years in the non-operative group (p<0.0001). Conclusions: EVT for IDCA may be considered an effective management option with a favorable clinical success rate, an encouraging complete remodeling rate, and a satisfactory adverse event-free survival rate. However, further evaluation with a long-term follow-up is required. Clinical Impact: Endovascular intervention for isolated dissection of the celiac artery has attracted inadequate attention. In this retrospective study with comparative analysis of endovascular versus conservative therapy for isolated dissection of the celiac artery patients, a better complete remodeling rate and a higher adverse event-free survival rate were observed in the endovascular treatment (EVT) group during follow-up, indicating that EVT could be an effective management option for isolated dissection of the celiac artery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abdominal irradiation (IR) may destroy the intestinal mucosal barrier, leading to severe intestinal infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes. The role of intestinal microbiota in the development of IR‐induced intestinal injury remains largely unknown. Herein, we reported that abdominal IR altered the composition of the microbiota and reduced the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiome. Alterations of bacteria, in particular reduction of Lactobacillus, played a critical role in IR‐induced intestinal injury. Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) from normal mice or administration of Lactobacillus plantarum to intestinal microbiota‐eliminated mice substantially reduced IR‐induced intestinal damage and prevented mice from IR‐induced death. We further characterized that L. plantarum activated the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) – fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) signaling in intestinal epithelial cells and hence promoted DNA‐damage repair. Application of GW4064, an activator of FXR, to microbiota eliminated mice markedly mitigated IR‐induced intestinal damage, reduced intestinal epithelial cell death and promoted the survival of IR mice. In contrast, suppression of FXR with Gly‐β‐MCA, a bile acid and an intestine‐selective and high‐affinity FXR inhibitor, abrogated L. Plantarum‐mediated protection on the ileum of IR mice. Taken together, our findings not only provide new insights into the role of intestinal flora in radiation‐induced intestinal injury but also shed new light on the application of probiotics for the protection of radiation‐damaged individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]